RU2578004C2 - Spring rocker - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to railway equipment, in particular to devices for fixation of tongue rails track switches. Spring rocker is arranged between damper and spring energy accumulator and includes a gate, placed between switch points and system of connection elements. Damper is integrated. System of connecting elements comprises two stationary rotary supports and two dynamic rotary supports.

EFFECT: reduced mounting space, as well as prolonged reliable functioning of spring rocker during prolonged operation of pointer.

6 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for fixing the position of the witches of the track arrows, the so-called spring balancer, which is located between the rail linings mounted on the railway sleepers, and with the help of which the wit, on the one hand, in an adjoining position, is pressed against the frame rail, respectively, the thrust protrusion, and on the other hand, in the retracted position, it is pressed, or, accordingly, held at a certain minimum distance from the frame rail.

Such devices include a gate installed between the witters, as well as a block of connecting elements, which is located between the gate of the switch drive and the spring energy accumulator, and thereby enables horizontal switching with the horizontal plane of the main movement of the articulated drive thus obtained.

Horizontal spring-loaded balancers of various structural varieties are sufficiently described, including, in WO 97/47813, JP 2906477, UK 154416, EP 01765229, as well as EP 1185449. Known devices ensure that the witters are pressed in an adjoining position to the thrust protrusions, or spacing blocks on frame rails and / or in the retracted position provide a certain minimum interval between the frame rail and the wit.

In the arrows, the wit in the closed position is adjacent, ideally, in the front region of the transfer device to the frame rail, and in the region of the arrow root, it is attached to the persistent protrusions or distance blocks. After prolonged use, i.e. repeatedly moving wits with full wheel load in the root region, the predetermined, respectively, pre-curved shape of the wits changes in the longitudinal direction of the rails. This deformation entails that the wit, in the closed position, no longer adjoins the stubborn protrusions in the root region. This position can lead to significant wear of the sliding supports or the sliding surface of the rail linings, as the wit is undesirable only by the transverse force of the moving wheel leading to the abutment against the stop ledge. In this case, significant friction forces appear between the sole of the wits and the supporting surface of the cushion of the wit or the sliding surface of the corresponding rail lining, due to the additional vertical force of the moving wheel.

However, in the retracted position of the pin, the minimum interval between the frame rail and the pin must be ensured in order to avoid contact of the inner surface of the wheel with the pin. However, due to the frictional forces and / or deformation of the wits in the longitudinal direction, devices of the prior art cannot always provide this minimum interval for a long time.

The objective of the present invention was now to improve the known spring balancers so that, on the one hand, a small mounting space is required, and on the other hand, reliable functioning of the spring balancer is ensured for a long time even during prolonged use of the arrow.

This problem is solved in the sense consistent with the invention by means of a device that includes the features of paragraph 1 of the claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.

The invention relates to a horizontally acting device, consisting of a combination of stationary and dynamic rotary supports, which are connected to each other by connecting elements and to at least one spring energy accumulator, mainly a spiral spring, and a continuous gate for moving both wits. The gate is made, in the sense corresponding to the invention, as a whole, and connects the wits of the directional arrow in such a way that, within the direction of the directional arrow, mainly synchronous movement of the points occurs. Under the stationary rotary bearings are understood, in this case, such rotary supports, the center of rotation of which is made motionless within the system of connecting elements. In accordance with this, dynamic swivel bearings are those whose center of rotation position, if necessary, changes during the process of moving the directional arrow and thereby during the movement of the wit from an adjacent position to a retracted position and again back within the system of connecting elements.

The device according to the invention allows, in comparison with conventional solutions, a substantially more compact design, since conventional solutions use either divided gates to move the witches and / or double lever joints. However, both of these approaches lead to a larger installation space, with the consequence that the elements of the device can protrude so far into the area of the sleepers of the directional arrow that unhindered knocking down of sleepers is impossible.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the system of connecting elements includes exactly two stationary pivot bearings and exactly two dynamic pivot bearings, by means of which the position of the wits can be reliably ensured both in the adjacent and in the retracted position. A system of connecting elements is created, which, on the one hand, ensures that the witches fit to the frame rails or to one or more distance blocks even during continuous operation of the directional arrow, and, on the other hand, ensures that the wit is kept to a minimum interval from the frame rail to avoid contact moving wheels with a wit in the designated position. This is achieved by a particularly small number of structural elements and, thus, is particularly compact and reliable.

In this regard, in particular, it is preferable if the system of connecting elements contains exactly one cranked lever, and that all other connecting elements of the system of connecting elements are made essentially straight at least, but without a pronounced angle. Thus, a device is created, the switching of which from one fixation position to the next can occur especially simply and with a particularly low risk of failure.

Particularly preferred is a system of connecting elements, which in this way interacts with a spring energy accumulator, so that when the directional arrow is moved, the dead center of the spring energy accumulator is passed. This is achieved, in particular, by switching from the first position of fixation, for example, the adjacent position of the wit to the frame rail, to the second fixing position, for example, the position of the wit from the frame rail, during the first movement of the slide against the force mainly of a prestressed spring energy accumulator, the system of connecting elements moves, and in the intermediate state a dead point will be passed, that is, the point of maximum compression of the spring nth energy accumulator, and, finally, the rest of the gate movement to the fixation position to be achieved occurs with the assistance of a spring energy accumulator. In this way, a device is created with particularly simple means which, by means of a single spring energy accumulator, is able to reliably hold the desired fixing positions.

It is also preferable, in this regard, if the system of connecting elements is mounted on a railway sleeper between the points of the arrow. Thus, it is guaranteed that the device according to the invention will be permanently, being protected from movement, at the desired location within the direction of the arrow. At the same time, it is avoided that the individual elements of the device according to the invention will change their initially defined position relative to one of the wits or one of the frame rails.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to five drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are presented.

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view from above of a device according to the invention,

FIG. 2 shows a transmission scheme of a preferred embodiment of the invention,

FIG. 3 shows a device according to the invention in a first locking position,

FIG. 4. shows a device according to the invention in an intermediate position between a first locking position, according to FIG. 3 and the second locking position according to FIG. 5, and

FIG. 5 shows a device according to the invention in a second locking position.

FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention for fixing the position of the track arrows 3a, 3b. In the shown view, the pin 3a is adjacent to the frame rail 5a, while the pin 3b is located at a certain minimum interval to the frame rail 5b, as well as the distance unit 4, which is directed from the frame rail 5b to the pin 3b. The entire device is thus mounted on the sleeper 1, so that the connecting element system 8 is fastened between the tongues 3a, 3b, essentially in the middle of the sleeper 1, and essentially directly connects the gate 10 with the hammers 3a, 3b. The points 3a, 3b are slidably mounted on the rail linings 2a, 2b, which are rigidly connected by screws to the sleepers 1.

FIG. 2 shows a transmission scheme of a preferred embodiment of the invention. The system 8 of connecting elements is located between the gate 10, which, as a whole, covers the interval between the witches 3a, 3b, and a spring energy accumulator 9 in the form of a spiral spring. The system of connecting elements includes two stationary rotary bearings 6a, 6b, as well as two non-stationary, that is, dynamic, rotary bearings 7a, 7b, as well as a series of connecting elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, which ensure that the gate 10 is held in at least two positions of fixation by a spring energy accumulator 9.

FIG. 3 shows a top view of a device according to the invention and illustrates, in particular, a state in which the pin 3b is shifted to the left of the frame rail 5b. Since the designated wit 3a and the adjacent wit 3b are connected by the gate 10, the gate 10 moves to the left. In this case, the spring 9, which is already under prestressing, is compressed. Since the movement of the witters is only very small in the back region of the arrow, there is no significant difference for the translation process whether the assigned wit 3a and the adjacent wit 3b move synchronously or asynchronously with respect to each other.

FIG. 4 shows the state of the device according to the invention, in which, based on the state of FIG. 3, the pin 3b is diverted from the frame rail 5b, while the opposite pin 3a is not yet adjacent to the frame rail 5a. The spring element 9 in the state presented here is compressed as much as possible, so that in the state shown in FIG. 4, the dead point of the device is reached, which the device passes from the state during translation, according to FIG. 3 to the state of FIG. 5.

FIG. 5 shows the locking position, which, in accordance with the invention, the device receives upon transition to the state according to FIG. 3. In the locking position shown here, the pin 3a is adjacent to the spacing unit 4 of the frame rail 5a. The gate 10 from the state according to FIG. 3, moves horizontally to the left, and the spring element 9 supports, by means of an elastic force, the movement of the gate 10 through the system 8 of connecting elements, at least from the state according to FIG. 4. Thus, the spring element 9 creates a constant pressure of the pin 3a on the frame rail 5a, and at the same time, by means of the spring element 9, the minimum interval between the pin 3b and the frame rail 5b is also achieved.

LIST OF REFERENCE POSITIONS

1 sleeper

2a Rail lining

2b Rail lining

3a Allotted wit

3b adjoining wit

4 distance unit

5a frame rail

5b frame rail

6a Stationary pivot bearing

6b Stationary swivel bearing

7a Dynamic Swivel Bearing

7b Dynamic Swivel Bearing

8 Connector system

8a Connecting element

8b Connecting element

8c Connector

8d Connector

9 Spring element

10 Shiber.

Claims (6)

1. A device for fixing the position of the witches (3a, 3b) of the track arrows, in particular, the so-called spring balancer, with a gate (10) located between the wands (3a, 3b), as well as a system (8) of connecting elements, which is located between the gate (10) and a spring energy accumulator (9), wherein the gate (10) is made in one piece, and the system (8) of connecting elements includes at least one stationary rotary support (6), as well as at least one dynamic rotary support the support (7), and connects the gate (10) with the spring battery (9) energy, and moreover, the system (8) of the connecting elements includes two stationary rotary supports (6) and two dynamic rotary supports (7). 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the system (8) of the connecting elements contains four horizontally arranged connecting elements (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d). 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the system (8) of connecting elements is fixed on the sleepers between the witches (3a, 3b) of the directional arrow. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it presses the wits (3a, 3b) in the adjacent fixation position to the frame rail (5a, 5b) or the distance unit (4), and in the retracted fixation position is held at a certain minimum interval from frame rail (5a, 5b). 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the system (8) of the connecting elements has a cranked lever (8b). 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the system (8) of the connecting elements and the spring accumulator (9) of energy interact in such a way that when translating the directional arrow, the dead point of the spring energy accumulator is passed.

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