RU2575887C1 - Gas scrubber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: device contains a cylindrical casing comprising tightly connected blocks: process, on which at top coaxially the separating block is installed, and at bottom the block-tray is connected. Inside the casing the metal horizontal partitions are installed. In the partitions the round holes are made, in them along the circle six work contact chambers are installed at similar spacing. In the centre of the horizontal partition the hole is made with the installed in them metal pipe. The input duct is made as truncated cone, and is installed perpendicular to the vertical axis of the cylindrical pipe and tangentially to its surface by the smaller duct diameter of the cross-section. The contact work chambers in the bottom horizontal section are equipped with the confusers, and in top section - with the diffusers. The cylindrical pipe in the bottom horizontal section has the diffuser. The diffuser is made with exceedance of height of the confusers of contact chambers. Inside each of the contact chambers at the diametrically opposite sides two vertical metal poles are installed with secured on them metal spherical nozzles at the centre-to-centre distance from each other. The spherical nozzles secured on same pole in each contact chamber are displaced relatively to the spherical nozzles secured on the opposite pole. One of poles in each of the contact chambers is secured fixedly, and another - with possibility of regulation in vertical plane.

EFFECT: increased operation efficiency of the device for gas scrubber.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

A gas purification device refers to bubbler devices used to trap dust in a suspended fluid layer of exhaust ventilation and suction systems.

A device for gas purification is known, comprising a housing with gas inlet and outlet nozzles and a liquid sludge discharge pipe, consisting of three coaxially mounted and hermetically interconnected units: a process unit, a pallet unit filled with water and equipped with a regulator for supplying and maintaining the liquid level, and separation with a horizontal partition installed between the technological and the block-pallet with holes in which contact chambers are mounted, located equally around the circumference apart from each other [RF patent for PM RU No. 107485 B01D 47/02 - prototype].

The disadvantage of the prototype device is its low efficiency, due to the insufficient degree of intensity of the ongoing mass transfer processes between the liquid and the dust and gas stream coming for cleaning and, therefore, the insufficient degree of dust collection from the dust and gas mixture being cleaned.

A disadvantage of the device is the low level of formation and stabilization of the bubble-foam layer due to the insufficiently uniform distribution of the cleaned dust and gas stream both inside the device and inside the contact chambers and, therefore, insufficient ensuring stability and reliability of the device as a whole.

In addition, the device has significant hydraulic resistance, which requires additional energy costs during the operation of ventilation systems.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the device for cleaning gases from dust.

The technical task is to increase the efficiency of the device due to the design aimed at increasing mass transfer processes in the processing of dust and gas flow.

The technical problem is solved in that in a device for cleaning gases, containing a metal cylindrical body with nozzles for the exit of dust and gas flow and discharge of liquid sludge, consisting of three coaxially mounted and hermetically interconnected units: a process unit, a pallet unit filled with water and equipped with a feed regulator and maintaining the liquid level and separation with a horizontal partition with openings between the process unit and the pallet unit with holes in which it is mounted around the circumference s contact six working chambers equidistantly from each other; additionally contains a horizontal partition installed between the technological and separation blocks, while in the center of the horizontal partition separating the technological block from the pallet block, a hole is made in which a metal cylindrical pipe is installed, designed to supply dusty air to it, equipped with an inlet made in the form of a truncated cone and installed perpendicular to the vertical axis of the cylindrical pipe and tangentially to its surface smaller in the cross section the diameter of the pipe, in the lower horizontal section the cylindrical pipe is equipped with a diffuser with an expansion angle of 20 degrees, while the contact working chambers in the lower horizontal section are equipped with confusers with a narrowing angle of 25-30 degrees, and in the upper horizontal section are equipped with diffusers with an expansion angle of 20 degrees, moreover, the diffuser mounted on a cylindrical pipe is made with an excess in height of the confusers of the working contact chambers, inside of which two meta mounted on diametrically opposite sides leaf stands, one of which is fixed motionless, and the other with the possibility of regulation in the vertical plane, with spherical nozzles fixed on each of them at an intercenter distance from each other equal to 1.5-3.0 diameters of the spherical nozzle, and the spherical nozzles fixed on one of the vertical uprights, offset relative to the spherical nozzles mounted on a diametrically opposite upright, at an intercenter distance equal to 1.0-1.5 of the diameter of the spherical nozzle, while the diameter of the spherical nozzle is 0.5-0.8 diameter of the contact chamber, and the plates in the plate separator are located at an angle of 90 ° to each other.

Essence

The technical result is ensured by the fact that in the device for cleaning gases from dust in the technological unit in the center of the horizontal partition separating the technological unit from the block-pallet, a hole is made in which a cylindrical pipe is installed, with a pipe for supplying dusty air tangentially mounted to its surface, made in the form of a truncated cone, mounted perpendicular to the vertical axis of the cylindrical pipe and tangentially to its surface with a smaller diameter of the pipe in cross section. This embodiment of the pipe provides an increase in the velocity of the dust and gas stream entering the cylindrical pipe with its formation in an intensive swirling mode. In the lower horizontal section, the cylindrical pipe is equipped with a diffuser with an expansion angle of 20 degrees. The contact working chambers located inside the technological unit are equipped with diffusers with an expansion angle of 20 degrees in the upper horizontal section, and confusers with a narrowing angle of 25-30 degrees are provided in the lower horizontal section, and the diffuser of the cylindrical pipe is made to exceed the height of the working contact chambers confusers. With this design of the cylindrical pipe and contact chambers, the dust and gas stream to be cleaned, getting from the cylindrical pipe into the water tray in a swirling mode, is evenly distributed and mixed in water with the formation of a foam layer, providing intensive absorption of dust impurities by the water before the foam layer is formed enters the confusers of the contact chambers, thereby contributing to an increase in the efficiency of dust collection from the dust and gas stream during operation of the device.

Inside the working contact chambers, two metal racks are mounted on diametrically opposite sides, one of which is fixed motionless and the other is adjustable in a vertical plane, spherical nozzles are fixed on each of the racks at an intercenter distance from each other equal to 1.5-3, 0, moreover, nozzles mounted on one of the struts in each contact chamber are displaced relative to spherical nozzles mounted on a diametrically opposite stand at an intercenter distance of 1.0-1.5 diameters a spherical nozzle, comprising 0.5-0.8 of the diameter of the contact chamber, while one of the racks in each contact chamber is fixed motionless, and the other with the possibility of regulation in a vertical plane. This arrangement of the spherical nozzles inside the contact chambers provides a hydrodynamic mode of operation of the device with the formation of a stable foam-like layer without dropping droplets from the contact chambers into the separator, which also improves the efficiency and reliability of the device for collecting dust.

In addition, the use of spherical nozzles allows to increase the mass transfer processes inside the contact chambers by increasing the contact area of the foam-liquid layer and the cleaned dust and gas stream. In this case, suspended dust particles are partially deposited on the surface of the spherical nozzles, and partly from the water flowing down the smooth surface of the spherical nozzles again into the block pan, followed by removal through the discharge pipe in the form of dust-containing liquid sludge, which also increases the dust collection efficiency and the reliability of the device.

And the possibility of moving in the contact working chambers in the vertical plane of one of the racks with spherical nozzles fixed on it allows you to adjust the cross-sectional area between the nozzles and thereby provide a given stable hydrodynamic regime with the formation of a foam-like layer in the device during commissioning and its preventive maintenance.

The location of the plates in the separator at an angle of 90 ° to each other creates a uniform flow of purified gas after the separator, preventing the flow of purified gas into the space under the separator and into the contact chambers and preventing a decrease in mass transfer processes, thereby increasing the efficiency of the device and its reliability.

The claimed invention is illustrated in graphic material:

- in FIG. 1 schematically shows a General view of the device;

- in FIG. 2 horizontal section AA.

The device comprises a metal cylindrical body, consisting of three hermetically connected to each other, for example, by welding blocks: technological 1, on which a separation block 2 is coaxially mounted on top, and a pallet 3 is mounted on the bottom.

The technological unit 1 is equipped with an inlet pipe 4 of contaminated air, the separation unit is equipped with a pipe outlet for purified gas, and the unit tray 3 discharge pipe 6 of a liquid dust-containing sludge slurry and a regulator for the supply and maintenance of liquid level 7 in the tray 3.

Inside the device’s case, metal horizontal partitions 8 and 9 are installed, separating the process unit 1 from the separation unit 2 and the unit tray 3, respectively. In the horizontal metal partitions 8 and 9, circular openings 10 are made, in which six working contact chambers 11 are equally spaced from each other around the circumference. In addition, in the center of the horizontal partition 9, a hole 12 is made with a metal pipe 13 installed in it, designed to supply dusty air into it through the inlet pipe 4, made in the form of a truncated cone and installed perpendicular to the vertical axis of the cylindrical pipe 13 and smaller tangentially to its surface in cross section with pipe diameter. Contact working chambers 11 in the lower horizontal section are equipped with confusers 14 with a narrowing angle of 25-30 degrees, and in the upper horizontal section are equipped with diffusers 15 with an expansion angle of 20 degrees. The cylindrical pipe 13 in the lower horizontal section is equipped with a diffuser 16 with an expansion angle of 20 degrees. In this case, the diffuser 16 is made with a height exceeding the height of the confusers 14 of the contact chambers 11. Inside each of the contact chambers 11 on the diametrically opposite sides two vertical metal posts 17 are mounted with metal spherical nozzles 18 fixed to them at an intercenter distance from each other equal to 1.5 -3.0 diameter spherical nozzles. In this case, the spherical nozzles 18, mounted on one rack in each contact chamber, are offset relative to the spherical nozzles mounted on the opposite rack at a distance equal to 1.0-1.5 of the diameter of the spherical nozzle, while the diameter of the spherical nozzle is 0.5-0 , 8 of the diameter of the contact chamber, one of the posts 17 in each contact chamber being fixed motionless, and the other with the possibility of regulation in a vertical plane.

A plate separator 19 is placed inside the separation unit 2, in which the plates are arranged at a 90-degree angle to each other in cross section.

Device operation

The dust-gas stream containing impurities to be cleaned through the tangential pipe 4 of the contaminated air enters the cylindrical pipe 13 of the technological unit 1 tangentially to the cylindrical surface of the pipe 13 and, in a swirling mode, passes through the diffuser 16 and is lowered into the block pan 3 filled with water, where it is formed hydrodynamic regime of intensive mixing of dust and gas flow and water entering in a swirling mode, with partial absorption of dust impurities by water, with the formation of a turbulized pulverized liquid deleterious layer, which via tapering convergent tubes 14 enters the working space of contact chambers 11 arranged inside the spherical nozzles 18, which settle suspended dust particles.

The gas-air stream partially purified from dust impurities, passing through the expanding diffusers 15, in which the main separation of the dropping liquid settles on the walls of the diffusers 15, enters the separation unit 2, where the working fluid-agent is finally separated and is discharged through the outlet 5 and through the discharge pipe 6 from the block-pan 3, the waste water is removed in the form of liquid sludge.

The proposed device provides, in comparison with the device of the prototype, an increase in mass transfer processes between the cleaned dust and air stream and the aqueous medium, thereby increasing the efficiency of dust collection and the productivity of the device for the output of the cleaned gas. The use of spherical nozzles inside the contact chambers ensures the achievement of the necessary hydrodynamic regime of stable and reliable operation of the claimed device. In addition, the use of a dust collecting device in exhaust ventilation and suction systems in the construction industry, for example, in concrete mixing plants, during roasting of expanded clay, production of cement and brick, etc., helps to reduce the harmful effects of emissions into the environment.

Claims (2)

1. A device for cleaning gases, containing a metal cylindrical body with a nozzle for the outlet of the dust and gas stream and a drain pipe for liquid sludge, consisting of three coaxially mounted and tightly interconnected units: a process unit, a pallet unit filled with water and equipped with a regulator for supplying and maintaining the liquid level , and a separation unit with a horizontal partition installed between the process unit and the pallet unit with holes in which six working circuits are mounted around the circumference ct chambers equidistant from each other, characterized in that it further comprises a horizontal partition installed between the technological and separation blocks, while in the center of the horizontal partition separating the technological block from the pallet block, an opening is made in which a metal cylindrical pipe is installed, designed to supply of dusty air into it, equipped with an inlet pipe made in the form of a truncated cone and mounted perpendicular to the vertical axis of the cylindrical pipe and tangentially to its surface with a smaller diameter of the pipe in cross section, in the lower horizontal section, the cylindrical pipe is equipped with a diffuser with an expansion angle of 20 degrees, while the contact working chambers in the lower horizontal section are equipped with confusers with a narrowing angle of 25-30 degrees, and in the upper horizontal the section is equipped with diffusers with an expansion angle of 20 degrees, and the diffuser mounted on a cylindrical pipe is made with an excess in height of the confusers of the working contact chambers, inside of which and on diametrically opposite sides two metal racks are mounted, one of which is fixed, and the other is adjustable in a vertical plane, with spherical nozzles fixed on each of them at an intercenter distance from each other equal to 1.5-3.0 of the diameter of the spherical nozzle moreover, spherical nozzles mounted on one of the vertical uprights are offset relative to spherical nozzles mounted on a diametrically opposite rack, at an intercenter distance of 1.0-1.5 diameter spherical nozzle, wherein the nozzle diameter is 0.5-0.8 spherical contact chamber diameter. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that in the plate separator plates are located at an angle of 90 ° to each other.

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