RU2570042C1 - Rescue module - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: rescue module comprises inflatable bottom, inflatable sidewall and rood made of the film material fitted as-assembled transportation position in a cylindrical capsule. Compressed air cylinder is communicated with the bottom and sidewalls at actuation of the module. Module roof is provided with the filler neck. The piston is secured at the water feed tube lower section to displace vertically inside the cylindrical capsule located at module central section when said module is operated. The module bottom comprises the inflatable expansion elements located along the outer outline of the module lower part. The bearing float has the central bore to house the cylindrical capsule displacing vertically and including the limiting handles arranged at its outer surface.

EFFECT: higher structural reliability, better comfort.

9 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction of autonomous rescue devices used to save people in emergency situations, during which a person is forced to end up in water and stay in it for a long time.

A known rescue system in water basins, comprising an airship with a lift-trigger mechanism and a container connected to the latter, having a base and a guard, the base of the container is made in the form of a raft, consisting of two sections vertically located one above the other, the upper section being inflatable and it is equipped with an electric air pump with the possibility of filling this section with air both on the surface of the water basin and below it, and in the lower section there is a water pump with electric an odor with the possibility of filling this section with water and draining water from it both on the surface of the water basin and below it, the container being connected to the lifting and triggering mechanism by means of a flexible sleeve in which electric cables are laid for powering and controlling said electric drives from the airship (RF patent No. 2326601, IPC B63C 9/01, publ. 2008).

The known system allows for the evacuation of injured or wounded, but does not provide a reliable shelter in case of emergency, during which a person is forced to be in the water and stay in it for a long time.

A self-straightening inflatable liferaft is known, comprising a hull having inflatable side walls and a bottom located between them, and at least two inflatable tubular elements forming arches that extend from one side of the raft hull to the other, with each arch extending up and outward from the perimeter of the raft’s hull at an angle from the perpendicular to the raft’s hull, and the liferaft has a central axis of symmetry and a center of gravity through which the weight of the liferaft acts to rotate to the surface water from an unstable inverted position to a stable vertical position, the tubular elements, when inflated, have buoyancy sufficient to apply a restoring moment to the liferaft, causing the liferaft to rotate into a vertical position by gravity, and provided with at least one an inflatable connecting tube located between the arches and offset from the central axis of symmetry of the raft to increase the recovery moment (RF patent No. 2261193, B63C 9/04, publ. 2005).

The liferaft is made of inflatable tubular sections and is designed to be folded when the tubes are deflated and the entire raft can be packed in a suitable container. To use the liferaft, it is dumped into the water, and then, according to the appropriate signal, one or more gas cylinders are opened, which are placed inside the construction of the liferaft, to inflate the tubular sections so that the liferaft gradually takes shape in an inflated state. The liferaft can be made larger or smaller to accommodate a different number of people.

A well-known technical solution is intended to ensure the rescue of people who find themselves on the water surface, but does not provide effective assistance to people in distress during floods, floods, flooding of coastal marine areas.

It is known a rescue device located on the external suspension of the helicopter and containing the enclosing structure in the form of a bottom with a side wall made with the possibility of folding in the vertical direction under the action of gravity while supporting it from the bottom and unfolding in the same direction when it is suspended from the upper part, and slings connecting the upper part of the side wall with the external suspension of the helicopter, the device further comprises a supporting frame with a casing fixed on it, and the enclosing structure is made of solid material and together with the casing with the side wall unfolded, the closed volume (RF patent No. 2224692, IPC B64D 47/00, B64D 5/00, B64D 1/22, B63C 9/26, A62B 1/00, publ. 2004, .).

The rescue device on the external suspension of the helicopter operates as follows. When approaching the helicopter to the location of the evacuated people, the rescue device on the external suspension of the helicopter is installed on the bottom of a solid surface. When the lines are weakened, the side wall under the influence of its weight drops, forming a passage on all sides for the evacuation of people. When the helicopter rises, the slings stretch and raise the side wall until its upper contour closes with the casing, forming with it a closed volume, protected from external influences (wind, fire, smoke, etc.). Thus, evacuees are isolated from adverse environmental influences, which increases their chances of salvation. The helicopter lifts the rescue device and transports it to a solid surface at the landing site of the evacuated people.

The known device is intended for the possibility of transporting evacuated people due to their isolation from adverse environmental conditions.

It is also known a device for rescuing people in emergency situations on the water, comprising a solid wall enclosure made in the form of a bottom and a side wall, capable of folding in the vertical direction under the action of gravity while supporting it from below and unfolding in the same direction when suspended for the upper part, slings designed to connect the upper part of the side wall with the external suspension of the davit, and the frame fixed to the bottom with a protective roof, while flax in the form of hermetically sealed pipes filled with compressed air, the bottom is made in the form of an inflatable raft, also filled with compressed air, the side wall is made in the form of a bellows covering the bottom, and the pipes, inflatable raft and bellows are made of silicone rubber (RF patent No. 143882, IPC B63C 9/02, published in 2014 - the closest analogue).

The known device for saving people is designed to be able to transport evacuated people due to their isolation from adverse environmental conditions.

The specified means of rescue on water does not provide safe, free, comfortable living conditions for a person when he is in the water for a long time until his rescuers find him.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the design of the rescue floating device, as well as providing the possibility of creating a person who is saved in emergency situations, before the rescuers find him, comfortable life support conditions, especially in the cold season.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to increase the structural reliability of the rescue floating device, as well as providing the person to be saved in it with free comfortable living conditions.

The proposed device expands the arsenal of technical means used in the construction of autonomous rescue devices used to save people in emergency situations.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is as follows.

The rescue module contains an inflatable base made of film material, inflatable side walls and a roof, which, in the assembled transport position, are housed in a cylindrical capsule containing a can of compressed air in communication with the base and side walls when the module is brought into operation. The roof of the module is connected to its walls and in its central part contains a neck connected telescopically with a vertically located water supply pipe, in the lower part of which a piston is mounted, which is vertically movable inside the specified cylindrical capsule, placed in the working state of the module in its central part. The base of the module includes inflatable expansion elements located along the outer contour of the lower part of the module walls, as well as a support float located inside the module, attached by means of a horizontally arranged mesh to the module walls and having a central hole inside which a cylindrical capsule is located with the possibility of vertical movement relative to the float on its outer cylindrical surface, limiter handles.

The side walls of the module in its working state form a hexagon, and each of them consists of horizontally arranged sections connected to each other, and the roof of the module is made in the form of a hexagon.

Inside the module there are inflatable mattresses that communicate with a compressed air cylinder when the module is brought into operation, while the mattresses are located along the module walls with the possibility of folding them onto a stretched horizontally arranged grid and a support float, which are attached to the module walls.

The lower part of the module has “ears” with rings for rope stretch marks, providing additional stability to the module structure by fixing the stretch marks on wedges located in the ground.

On the lower edge of the outer walls of the module, a rope loop is passed through the “ears”.

The upper part of the module has "ears" with rings for the possibility of attaching the module to nearby supporting structures.

At least one aperture is formed in the side wall of the module, hermetically closed by means of detachable two shutters fixed around the perimeter of the aperture - outside and inside the module.

Transparent segments for transmitting daylight are made in the roof of the module.

Inside the module are rescue accessories.

The drawings show an embodiment of the inventive design of the rescue module, where in FIG. 1-3 are side views of the rescue module (cross section); in FIG. 4 - general view of the rescue module, top view (with the roof removed).

The rescue module contains an inflatable base 1 made of film material, inflatable side walls 2 and a roof 3. The side walls of the module in its working condition form a hexagon, and each of them consists of horizontally arranged sections connected to each other 4. The roof 3 of the module is connected to its walls 2 and has the shape of a hexagon.

In the assembled transport position, the elements of the rescue module are placed in a cylindrical capsule 5 in which a compressed air cylinder (not shown conventionally) is placed, communicating with the base 1 and with the side walls 2 when the module is brought into operation.

The roof 3 in its central part contains a neck 5 connected to a vertically located telescopic water supply pipe 7, in the lower part of which a piston 8 is mounted, which is vertically movable inside the cylindrical capsule 5, which is placed in the working state of the module in its central part.

The base of the module 1 includes inflatable expansion elements 9 located along the outer contour of the lower part of the walls 2 of the module, as well as a supporting float 10 located inside the module.

The supporting float 10 is attached to the walls 2 of the module by means of a horizontally arranged grid 11.

In the central part of the supporting float 10 there is a central hole, inside of which is located with the possibility of vertical movement relative to the float a cylindrical capsule 5 containing on its outer cylindrical surface limiters-handles 12.

Inside the module there are air mattresses 13, which communicate with a cylinder of compressed air when the module is brought into working condition.

Mattresses 13 are located along the walls 2 of the module with the possibility of their unfolding on a stretched horizontally located mesh 11 and a supporting float 10.

In the lower part of the module, “ears” 14 are formed with rings for rope extensions (not shown), which provide additional stability to the module design by fixing the extensions on wedges located in the ground.

On the lower edge of the outer walls of the module through the “ears” passed the rope loop 15.

The upper part of the module has “ears” 16 with rings for the possibility of fastening the module to nearby supporting structures.

Openings 17 are formed in the side wall of the module, hermetically sealed by means of detachable two shutters 18 fixed around the perimeter of the opening - outside and inside the module.

Transparent segments 19 for transmitting daylight are made in the roof of the module.

Inside the module rescue accessories 20 are placed.

In the assembled transport state, the rescue module is in a cylindrical capsule and to bring it into working condition it is necessary to open the tap of the compressed air cylinder located at the bottom of the capsule.

The rescue module can be brought on a boat or dropped from a helicopter and installed next to the house as a temporary home.

After dropping from a helicopter or boat, it is filled with air and takes on a working form. At the same time, rescuers stretch in different directions “cats” attached by rope files to the lower “ears” of the module, and if there is a strong current, then fastening is carried out only against the flow of water, and the module thus “anchors”.

The walls of the module after filling with air stretch the network and at the same time inflated float. Mattresses are easily stacked in a circle on a stretched network and on a support float, creating a reliable base inside the rescue module to accommodate people affected by the flood.

Air-filled mattresses do not come in contact with water, but are suspended on a stretched mesh, protecting people in the module from exposure to low temperatures.

The support float under the mattresses is stretched by a network rigidly attached to the module walls.

The float freely slides up and down the body of the capsule and holds it in an upright position, which ensures the free rise of the piston located inside the capsule and connected, in turn, through the telescopic water supply pipe 7 to the roof of the rescue module.

The capsule can be filled with rainwater collected by the roof of the rescue module and through a through hole in the telescopic tube.

In the operational state of the module outside the capsule, to prevent loss of buoyancy, limiter handles 12 are provided to prevent the capsule from “falling through” inside the float under the weight of rainwater collected in the capsule. In the transport position of the rescue module, the stops 12 are located inside the capsule in an annular belt (not shown), are brought into working position after the pressurization of the rescue module is completely pressurized, and retracted into the capsule body before dismantling the module.

The capsule, being filled with rainwater, is immersed inside the float to the level of the limiters 12 and rests by them on the upper plane of the float.

In turn, the piston inside the capsule under the pressure of the collected water moves to the upper part of the capsule and after reaching the surface of the float by the limiters 12, it begins to raise the roof of the rescue module, converting its funnel-like position to the conical one. The collection of rainwater thus stops automatically.

The belt with the stops placed in it at the same time does not allow the piston to leave the capsule when pushing the modular design, as well as when lifting the piston while filling the capsule with rain water. The use of rainwater lowers the piston and the dome of the rescue module, which again automatically collects rainwater.

Access inside the module to the water collected in the capsule is provided by plug segments (not shown) screwed into the piston body. When opening the plug segments, the piston is immersed due to the pressure of the mass of the roof of the module, as well as a decrease in its buoyancy, which ensures lowering of the roof, translating it into a funnel-shaped position, which, in turn, provides water access from above the piston.

The proposed design of the rescue module has a number of important features that allow you to quickly provide effective assistance to people in distress during floods and floods, flooding of coastal marine areas and even in shipwrecks on the high seas. First of all, with the help of this module, people are simultaneously saved and temporarily sheltered during a disaster, with around-the-clock stay at low ambient and water temperatures. Thanks to the filling of the structure with the help of a cylinder with compressed air, the quick deployment of the rescue module to the operational state and the ability to take people both inside the module and to place along the outer perimeter of the base of the module are ensured. At the same time, the buoyancy of the module allows you to place up to 18 adults outside and up to 12 people inside with an average weight of 80 kg. Due to the high degree of isolation from the external environment, a comfortable temperature for a person is maintained for a long time inside the module. Ventilation is through aisles with hermetically sealed shutters. At each entrance, two curtains are provided - outside and inside the module. Thus, the passages provide thermal protection to the inside of the rescue module.

During floods, and especially with a sharp rise in water, the stream carries a lot of debris and trees that can damage the material of the inflatable elements of the module. Inflatable expansion elements 9, located on the outer contour of the lower part of the walls 2 of the module, provide additional protection for the walls of the module. Along with the protective function, inflatable expansion elements provide the rescue module with increased stability and allow people in distress to climb on it, step on entering and leaving the module, or move around the module.

In the corners of the hexagon outside the module there are so-called “ears” with rings-holes for tying ropes, which allow you to fasten the module “anchor” to trees, houses, poles and any structures that are stable during flooding. Ropes with cat anchors can be tied to the lower rings, which allow the module to be fixed during strong currents immediately when installing the rescue module. This is especially true during flash floods and a sharp rise in water, and even at night, as in Krymsk.

A rope loop is passed through the “ears” along the lower edge of the module’s outer walls, for people to hold onto, pull up and climb inside the module through the entrances, or simply climb onto the expansion elements of the module base from the outside.

In the waterproof pockets in the module along the corners of the walls are located life-saving accessories: first-aid kit, dry ration from products of long-term storage, a mobile phone with solar-powered battery chargers, lighting lamps, warm clothes with rugs, and a supply of drinking water.

In case of destruction of the housing of the rescue module, it contains an emergency shuttle.

In the assembled capsule form, the module housing is stacked on top of the piston around a telescopic water supply pipe 7 connected to the piston. Assembling the module inside the capsule resembles folding an umbrella. The capsule is completely released from the water collected from the roof and the piston drops down. Then the float with mattresses and the module case are blown off sequentially and also placed sequentially into the capsule, and at the end two telescopic segments of the central pipe 7 are folded.

New balloon refueling and module maintenance are organized at rescue service bases.

Claims (9)

1. A rescue module, characterized in that it contains an inflatable base made of film material, inflatable side walls and a roof, which, in the assembled transport position, are placed in a cylindrical capsule containing a compressed air cylinder in communication with the base and side walls when the module is brought into operating condition, and the module roof is connected to its walls and in its central part contains a neck connected telescopically with a vertically located water supply pipe in the lower the first part of which is fixed a piston located with the possibility of vertical movement inside the specified cylindrical capsule, placed in the working state of the module in its central part, while the base of the module includes inflatable expansion elements located along the outer contour of the lower part of the module walls, as well as the supporting a float attached by means of a horizontally arranged grid to the walls of the module and having a central hole inside which is vertical movement relative to the float, a cylindrical capsule containing on its outer cylindrical surface limiters-handles. 2. The rescue module according to claim 1, characterized in that the side walls of the module in its operational state form a hexagon and each of them consists of horizontally arranged sections connected to each other, the module roof being made in the form of a hexagon. 3. The rescue module according to claim 1, characterized in that the module contains inflatable mattresses communicating with a compressed air cylinder when the module is brought into working condition, and the mattresses are located along the module walls with the possibility of folding them onto a stretched horizontally arranged grid and a support float which are attached to the walls of the module. 4. The rescue module according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the module has “ears” with rings for rope stretch marks, providing additional stability to the module structure by fixing the stretch marks on wedges located in the ground. 5. The rescue module according to claim 4, characterized in that a rope loop is passed through the “ears” along the lower edge of the outer walls of the module. 6. The rescue module according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the module has “ears” with rings for mounting the module to nearby supporting structures. 7. The rescue module according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one aperture is formed in the side wall of the module, hermetically closed by means of detachable two shutters fixed around the perimeter of the aperture - outside and inside the module. 8. The rescue module according to claim 1, characterized in that transparent segments for transmitting daylight are made in the roof of the module. 9. The rescue module according to claim 1, characterized in that rescue accessories are placed inside the module.

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