RU2568531C1 - Planetary clutch coupling with stepless regulation of rigidity of elastic member - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: planetary clutch coupling with stepless regulation of rigidity of elastic member contains planetary gear connected with engine, pneumohydraulic accumulator, hydraulic pump mechanically connected with sun gear of the gearbox, and hydraulic control valve. It has additional cylindrical pneumatic chamber, by pipeline connected with air cavity of the pneumohydraulic accumulator. The pneumatic chamber has dividing piston with O-rings and by-pass valves, each of them is made as steel ball, ensuring valve closing at 0.15-0.2 MPa. The piston has possibility of free movement inside the chamber, and disconnecting washer specifies its required extreme position to regulate the coupling rigidity.

EFFECT: expanded kinematic functionality of coupling.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to transport engineering and can be used in transmissions of tractors and road-building machines operating in unsteady driving conditions.

A hydrostatic creeper reducer of a self-propelled machine is known, comprising a gear reduction gear, sequentially installed in the kinematic transmission chain, a constant-displacement hydraulic machine connected to the gearbox, in the pressure hydraulic line of which a flow regulator with a control element, a hydraulic tank is installed (copyright certificate SU No. 1482829 A1, M. cl. B60K 17/10 Hydro-volume creeper reducer of a self-propelled machine. Declared September 16, 1987; Published May 30, 1989, Bull. No. 20).

A disadvantage of the known design is its complexity, the lack of damping and changes in the operating characteristics of the drive.

A transmission of a vehicle is known, comprising a planetary gearbox, a hydraulic accumulator associated with the engine, a hydraulic pump, mechanically connected to one of the planetary gearbox links and a distributor, the first line of which is connected to the discharge line of the hydraulic pump, and the second - with a drain (copyright certificate SU No. 1592173 A1, M class B60K 17/10 Transmission of a vehicle - Declared 12/12/1988; Publish. 09/15/1990, Bull. No. 34).

The disadvantage of this design is the inability to protect the engine from a complete stop.

A device for reducing the stiffness of a vehicle’s transmission is known, taken for the closest analogue, containing a planetary gear, the reactive link of which is connected to an oil pump connected to a suction and pressure lines, pumping oil into a pneumatic accumulator, a gearbox connected to a driven shaft of a planetary gear, an oil tank . (Copyright certificate SU No. 1062035 A, M. class. B60K 17/10. Device for reducing the stiffness of a vehicle’s transmission. - Claimed 09/07/1982; Publish. 12/23/1983, Bull. No. 47).

The disadvantages of this device, adopted as the closest analogue, is the complexity of the design of the hydraulic system. The presence of three valves in one hydraulic line will not be able to provide a smooth change in the fluid flow in the damper device. Slow emptying of the pneumohydraulic accumulator through the hydraulic pump sets it to reverse rotation, worsening the gear shift mode. The accumulated energy in the pneumatic-hydraulic accumulator does not return to the vehicle transmission.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of using a machine-tractor unit by reducing the wear of transmission components, eliminating dynamic loads in the power transmission by smoothly changing the transmitted torque and expanding the functionality when installing a planetary clutch with adjustable stiffness in the transmission .

The technical result consists in expanding the kinematic capabilities, reducing fluctuations in the external traction load, increasing the durability of the coupling and improving the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle when starting and accelerating.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the known planetary clutch with stepless regulation of the stiffness of the elastic element, containing a planetary gear associated with the engine, a pneumatic hydraulic accumulator, a hydraulic pump mechanically connected to the sun gear of the gearbox, and a hydraulic distributor, and according to the invention it is equipped with an additional cylindrical pneumatic chamber, pipeline connected to the air cavity of the pneumohydraulic accumulator, which has a separation porsche with sealing rings and bypass valves, each of which is made in the form of a steel ball pressed by a spring against the seat and opening the valve at a pressure of 0.15-0.2 MPa, while the piston has the ability to move inside the chamber, and the isolation washer sets its required extreme position for adjusting the stiffness of the coupling due to the presence of a latch.

The invention is illustrated by the drawing, which schematically shows a planetary clutch with stepless adjustment of the stiffness of the elastic element.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The proposed coupling consists of a ring gear 1, which is bolted to the flywheel 2. The planet carrier 3 of the planetary gear is its output shaft 4, which is connected by splines to the driven shaft of the gearbox. With the help of satellites 5, the carrier was connected to the crown 2 and solar 6 gears. The sun gear 6 is engaged with the gear of the hydraulic pump 7, which is connected by the suction line 8 to the hydraulic tank 9, and the discharge line 10 is connected to the hydraulic distributor 11. It is connected by a drain line 12 to the hydraulic tank 9, and the pressure pipe 13 to the pneumatic-hydraulic accumulator 14 connected line 15 with an additional cylindrical pneumatic chamber 16 of the cylinder-regulator 17 having a piston 18 with o-rings 19, inside of which bypass valves 20 and 21 are located, its movement is limited by combat disconnector 22, the position of which is set by the lever 23 and is blocked by the latch 24.

The work of the proposed clutch in the drive transmission of the vehicle is as follows.

Torque from the flywheel 1 is transmitted to the ring gear 2 of the planetary gear. It starts to rotate and transfers the rotation to satellites 5, driving the sun gear 6 and the drive of the oil pump 7, which, rotating, pumps oil from the tank 9 of the vehicle’s hydraulic system into its suction line 8. Oil under pressure enters the discharge line 10 and goes to the distributor 11. If the distributor is closed, the oil goes to the drain to the line 12, also connected to the hydraulic system of the vehicle. With the closed position of the distributor 11, the clutch is in the off position, the vehicle is not driven, even if the gear is engaged. If the distributor 11 is open, then the oil enters the pneumohydraulic accumulator 14 through the pressure line 13. The pump delivers the oil until the oil pressure reaches a value that is balanced by the pressure in the accumulator. In this case, the pump 7 will stop, as a result, the sun gear 6 will also stop, but at the same time, the satellites 5 will begin to rotate around their axis, circling the sun gear 6, and will transmit torque to the carrier 3 and the power transmission shaft 4. The vehicle will begin to move forward. With an increase in the hook load, it becomes necessary to change the volume and rigidity of the pneumohydraulic accumulator 14. For this, by moving the lever 22 from us, we push the disconnecting washer 21 to a certain amount, then the bypass valve 20 opens and gas from the cavity of the pneumohydraulic accumulator 14 enters under the piston space between the piston 18 and a disconnecting washer 21. As a result, the movement of the piston 18 is slowed down and a smooth increase in the volume of the pneumohydraulic accumulator 14 without jumps occurs. In the event that the load on the hook continues to increase, it is possible to further increase the volume of the pneumohydraulic accumulator 14 by extending the washer disconnector 21 in the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder-regulator 17. During operation, the washer disconnector is blocked by the latch 23.

The accumulated energy in the pneumatic-hydraulic accumulator periodically returns to the transmission elements during starting up. In this case, the vehicle moves smoothly during starting up and accelerating the vehicle with a load on the hook, depending on the work being performed, the degree of rigidity of the elastic element is regulated.

Thus, the invention provides a technical solution for protecting the engine and transmission of a transport vehicle from peak dynamic loads, not only at the beginning of acceleration, but also during steady-state movement by connecting an additional gas volume to the gas volume of the PHA, by moving the piston in the cylinder, it is possible to stepless regulation of the stiffness of the shaft drove planetary clutch.

Claims (1)

A planetary clutch with stepless regulation of the stiffness of the elastic element, comprising a planetary gear associated with the engine, a pneumatic hydraulic accumulator, a hydraulic pump mechanically connected to the sun gear of the gearbox, and a hydraulic distributor, characterized in that it is equipped with an additional cylindrical pneumatic chamber, a pipe connected to the air cavity of the pneumatic hydraulic accumulator which has a dividing piston with o-rings and relief valves, each of which is made in the form of a steel ball pressed by a spring to the seat and opening the valve at a pressure of 0.15-0.2 MPa, the piston being able to move freely inside the chamber, and the isolation washer sets its required extreme position for adjusting the coupling stiffness due to the presence of a latch.