RU2422695C1 - Reverse clutch with pneumatic-hydraulic flexible element - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building. ^ SUBSTANCE: clutch contains flywheel (1) whereto crown gear (3) is attached with bolts (2). Inside the crown gear there is installed carrier (4) connected to driven shaft (5) of power train and gear (6) with drive of hydraulic pump (7). Satellites (8) engage sun gear (9) connected to drive of hydraulic pump (10) and gear (11) with intermediate shaft of power train (12). Hydraulic pumps (13) and (14) have common suction main (15) and separate pressure mains (16) and (17), wherein there is mounted distributor (18), drain main (19) and pneumatic-hydraulic accumulator (20). ^ EFFECT: increased reliability and service life of operation of parts of power train. ^ 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to transport engineering, namely to wheeled energy, and can be used on vehicles operating in the conditions of reverse and transient driving modes.

A known planetary clutch with a variable characteristic, comprising a planetary gear connected by an external gear with a hydraulic motor mounted on the frame, and the pressure line with two pressure spools is connected in parallel between the throttle and the hydraulic accumulator and has electromagnets connected to the control device [1].

The disadvantages of the known clutch is the design complexity, the inability to work in reverse mode and regulation of the elastic-damping characteristics.

Known hydrostatic creeper reducer of a self-propelled machine, containing a gear reduction gear, sequentially installed in the kinematic chain of the transmission, a constant-displacement hydraulic machine connected to the gearbox, in the pressure hydraulic line of which a flow regulator with a control and a hydraulic tank is installed. Its disadvantages are the complexity of the design, the lack of damping and changes in the operating characteristics of the drive [2].

There is a known transmission of a vehicle, taken as a prototype, containing a planetary gearbox connected to the engine, a hydraulic accumulator, a hydraulic pump mechanically coupled to one of the planetary gearbox links, and a distributor, the first line of which is connected to the discharge line of the hydraulic pump, and the second - with a drain. Its disadvantages are the inability to change the characteristics of the elastic element over a wide range depending on the hook load and the inability to work in reverse mode [3].

The objective of the invention is to simplify the design and increase durability by reducing the wear of transmission parts, eliminating dynamic loads in the power transmission by smoothly changing the transmitted torque and expanding the functionality when installing the clutch in the transmission.

The technical result consists in expanding the kinematic capabilities of the clutch, increasing the reliability and durability of the power transmission parts and improving the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle by smoothly changing the transmitted torque from the engine to the propulsors.

The specified technical result during the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that an additional hydraulic pump is installed in the known planetary clutch, which is mechanically connected to the sun gear, the main one is connected to the carrier, while the pumps have a common suction line and a separate discharge line connected to the inlet of the valve and the output of the pneumohydraulic accumulator .

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which schematically shows a reversible clutch with a pneumohydraulic elastic element.

The proposed coupling contains a flywheel 1, to which bolts 2 are mounted a ring gear 3, inside of which a carrier 4 is located, connected to a driven shaft 5 of the power transmission and gear 6 with the drive of the hydraulic pump 7. The satellites 8 are engaged with the sun gear 9, which is connected to the drive hydraulic pump 10 and gear 11 with an intermediate shaft of the power transmission 12.

Hydraulic pumps 13 and 14 have a common suction line 15 and separate discharge lines 16 and 17, in which a distributor 18, a drain line 19 and a pneumohydraulic accumulator 20 are mounted.

The work of the proposed clutch, for example, in the drive transmission of a vehicle when moving forward is as follows.

The torque from the flywheel 1 is transmitted to the ring gear 3, it starts to rotate and transmits the rotation to the satellites 8, driving the sun gear 9 and the oil pump drive 10, which, rotating, pumps oil into the suction line 15 from the vehicle’s hydraulic system. Oil under pressure enters the discharge line 16 and goes to the distributor 18. If the distributor is closed, the oil goes to the drain to the line 19, also connected to the hydraulic system of the vehicle. When the valve 18 is closed, the clutch is in the off position, the vehicle is not driven, even if the gear is engaged. If the distributor 18 is open (the distributor lever is set to the up position), then the oil enters the accumulator 20. The pump delivers the oil until the oil pressure reaches a value that is balanced by the pressure in the accumulator. In this case, the pump 14 will stop, as a result of this, the sun gear 9 will stop, but at the same time the satellites 8 will begin to rotate around their axis, circling the sun gear 9, and transmit the moment to the carrier 4 and the power transmission shaft 5. The vehicle moves forward.

The work of the proposed clutch in the drive transmission of the vehicle when driving backward is as follows.

The torque from the flywheel 1 is transmitted to the ring gear 3, it starts to rotate and transfers the rotation to the satellites 8, driving the carrier 4 and the drive of the oil pump 7, which, rotating, pumps oil into the intake manifold 15 from the vehicle’s hydraulic system. It under pressure enters the discharge line 17 and approaches the distributor 18, the distributor lever is open (set to the lower position), the oil enters the accumulator 20. The pump delivers the oil until the oil pressure reaches a value that is balanced by the pressure in the accumulator. In this case, the pump 13 will stop, and the satellites 8 will rotate around its axis, transmitting rotation to the sun gear 9 connected to the intermediate shaft 12 of the power transmission. The vehicle is moving backward.

To move the vehicle forward, the distributor lever must be switched to the up position.

To move the vehicle backward, the distributor lever must be switched to the lowering position.

The accumulated energy in the pneumatic accumulator in the process of starting periodically returns to the transmission elements. In this case, the vehicle smoothly moves back and forth during the period of starting and accelerating the vehicle with a load on the hook.

Information sources

1. AS of the USSR No. 684215, class F16D 43/20. 1979. Planetary clutch with variable characteristic. Declared 11.07.77. Published on September 5th, 1979. Bull number 33.

2. AS of the USSR No. 1482829 A1, cl. B60K 17/10. 1989. Hydro-volume creeper reducer of a self-propelled machine. Declared September 16, 87. Published on May 30, 89. Bull number 20.

3. AS of the USSR No. 1592173 A1, class B60K 17/10. 1988. Transmission vehicle. Declared 12.12.88. Published on September 15th, 1990. Bull. Number 34.

Claims (1)

A planetary clutch containing a planetary gearbox connected to the engine, a pneumohydraulic accumulator, a main hydraulic pump mechanically connected to one of the planetary gear units, and a control valve, characterized in that it is equipped with an additional hydraulic pump that is mechanically connected to the sun gear, the main hydraulic pump is connected to the carrier, while the main and secondary pumps have a common suction line and a separate discharge line connected to the inlet of the control valve and the outlet nevmogidravlicheskogo battery.