RU2294850C2 - Clutch with pneumohydraulic elastic member - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used on vehicles operating under unstable conditions of movement. According to invention, nonlinear hydraulic damping unit is installed in transmission of vehicle. Said unit contains adjustable restrictor and least two pneumohydraulic accumulators of different rigidly. One input of restrictor is connected with main pneumohydraulic accumulator, and second input, with inputs of each additional pneumohydraulic accumulators.

EFFECT: improved reliability and increased durability of parts of power train owing to stepless change of torque transmitted from engine to wheels or tracks.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used on vehicles operating in unsteady driving conditions.

A known planetary clutch with a variable characteristic, comprising a planetary gear connected by an external gear with a hydraulic motor mounted on the frame, and the pressure line with two pressure spools is connected in parallel between the throttle and the hydraulic accumulator and has electromagnets connected to the control device [1].

The disadvantages of the known coupling is the complexity of the design, the lack of the ability to work in reverse mode and regulation of the elastic damping characteristics.

Known hydrostatic creeper reducer of a self-propelled machine, containing a gear reduction gear, sequentially installed in the kinematic chain of the transmission, a constant-displacement hydraulic machine connected to the gearbox, in the pressure hydraulic line of which a flow regulator with a control and a hydraulic tank is installed. Its disadvantages are the complexity of the design, the lack of damping and changes in the operating characteristics of the drive [2].

We know the transmission of a vehicle that we took as a prototype, containing a planetary gearbox connected to the engine, a hydraulic accumulator, a hydraulic pump mechanically connected to one of the planetary gearbox links, and a distributor, the first line of which is connected to the discharge line of the hydraulic pump, and the second - with a drain. Its disadvantages are the complexity of the design of the mechanical part and the inability to change the characteristics of the elastic element over a wide range depending on the hook load [3].

The objective of the invention is to simplify the design and increase durability by reducing the wear of transmission parts, eliminating dynamic loads in the power transmission by smoothly changing the transmitted torque and expanding the functionality when installing the clutch in the transmission.

The technical result is the elimination of dynamic loads and increasing the durability of the parts of the power transmission by smoothly changing the transmitted torque from the engine to the propulsion device.

The specified technical result during the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that a non-linear hydraulic damping unit is installed in the known transmission of the vehicle, comprising an adjustable throttle and at least two pneumohydraulic accumulators with different stiffness, while one input of the throttle is connected to the main pneumohydraulic accumulator, and the second - with the inputs of each of the additional pneumohydraulic accumulators.

The drawing shows a hydrokinematic diagram of a clutch in a transmission drive. The proposed clutch contains a flywheel 1, to which a ring gear 3 is fastened with bolts 2, inside of which a carrier 4 is located, connected to the driven shaft 5 of the clutch, the satellites 6 are engaged with the sun gear 7, which is connected to the hydraulic pump drive 8.

The hydraulic pump has a suction line 9 and a pressure line 10, in which a distributor 11 and a drain line 12, a hydraulic accumulator 13 and a hydraulic damping unit consisting of a throttle 14, a line 15 and two variable-pressure pneumatic-hydraulic accumulators 16, 17 are mounted.

The work of the proposed clutch, for example, in the drive transmission of a vehicle is as follows.

The torque from the flywheel 1 is transmitted to the ring gear 3, it starts to rotate and transfers the rotation to the satellites 6, driving the sun gear 7 and the oil pump drive 8, which, while rotating, pumps oil from the vehicle’s hydraulic system into its suction line 9. Oil under pressure enters the discharge line 10 and goes to the distributor 11. If the distributor is closed, the oil goes to the drain to the line 12, also connected to the hydraulic system of the vehicle. With the closed position of the distributor 11, the clutch is in the off position, the vehicle is not driven, even if the gear is engaged. If the distributor 11 is open, then the oil enters the accumulator 13. The pump delivers the oil until the oil pressure reaches a value that is balanced by the pressure in the accumulator. In this case, the pump 8 will stop, as a result of this, the sun gear 7 will stop, but at the same time the satellites 6 will begin to rotate around their axis, circling the sun gear 7, and transmit the moment through the carrier 4 to the power transmission shaft 5.

The vehicle moves forward, with an increase in the hook load in the transmission, an adjustable throttle 14 comes into operation, which directs its throttling flow to the highway 15, connecting the pneumatic-hydraulic accumulators 16 and 17 into a single damping system with a variable characteristic during operation.

The accumulated energy in the pneumatic accumulators in the process of starting periodically returns to the transmission elements. In this case, the vehicle moves smoothly during starting up and accelerating the vehicle with a load on the hook, depending on the work being performed, the throttle degree is regulated.

Thus, the hydraulic damping unit allows you to smoothly connect the drive and driven shafts with a gradual increase in transmitted torque, which can significantly reduce the dynamic loads that occur in the transmission and engine of the vehicle when starting and accelerating.

Information sources

1. A.S. USSR No. 684215, class F 16 D 43/20, 1979. A planetary clutch with a variable characteristic. Declared 11.07.77. Published on September 5th, 1979. Bull. No. 33.

2. A.S. USSR No. 1482829 A1, cl. In 60 K 17/10, 1989. Hydro-volume creeper reducer of a self-propelled machine. Declared September 16, 87. Published on May 30, 89. Bull number 20.

3. A.S. USSR No. 1592173 A1, class In 60 K 7/10, 1988. Transmission of a vehicle. Declared 12.12.88. Published on September 15th, 1990. Bull. Number 34.

Claims (1)

A vehicle transmission comprising a planetary gearbox connected to the engine, a pneumohydraulic accumulator, a hydraulic pump mechanically connected to one of the planetary gearbox links, and a control valve, characterized in that it is equipped with a non-linear damping unit containing an adjustable throttle and at least two additional pneumohydraulic battery with different stiffness, while one input of the adjustable choke is connected to the main pneumohydraulic battery, and the second to the inputs of each of the additional gas charged hydraulic accumulator.