RU2567516C1 - Hillcutter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: hillcutter comprises a basic machine, a frame with the support wheels and hydraulic cylinders. The frame is made of three sections coupled together with the wheel pairs. On the first section of the frame the following are mounted: a device for clamping and gripping the hillocks, a bucket, a subsoiler, and a control cabin movable in the horizontal plane. The device for clamping and gripping the hillocks is formed as a casing with movable clamping grip and transverse knives on the outer side. Inside the bucket there is a grinder in the form of two counter belt cutters located on the same shaft, rollers with double-edged chipping beaters between them, with throwers between the turns of belt cutters and a clamp-shaped turnback plate. The plate has the windows in the side walls, with removable flaps, and in the lower part - a flat undercut knife. On the second section of the frame there is a manipulator with the chipping-saw disc, a capacity for hydraulic fluid of the hydraulic system, a hydraulic pump unit and a motor. On the third section of the main frame a disk header frame is mounted telescopically with the discs mounted movably, chisel cultivators with the ability of vertical motion and a compacting roller.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of land clearing from hillocks and shrubs with trunk thickness of more than 0,02 m, with simultaneous recycling of ground plant mass.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of agriculture and will find application in the reclamation of abandoned agricultural land with the presence of plant bumps and clumps of shrubs.

The essence of the problem is that currently large areas of fields, meadows and pastures are in an abandoned state. They are characterized by the presence of a large number of humps and clumps of shrubs. To return these lands to agricultural production, it is necessary to remove hummocks and shrubs.

Known tillage machine with a working body containing a drum with rigidly attached knives pivotally mounted between the knives of the bills and a separator located behind the drum (ed. St. No. 1386061, IPC A01B 45/00, 1988).

The working body of this machine crushes the bumps and mixes them with the soil. Its disadvantage is that with its help it is impossible to cut even large bumps, especially shrubs with a thickness of up to and more than 20 mm.

Known machine for grinding bumps (SU, US Pat. No. 488534, IPC A01B 45/00, Bull. No. 39, 1976) including a hinged frame with a disk holding device equipped with a mounting-movable anti-skid plate located between the device disks, a protective casing with a reflector , cylindrical milling drum with rigidly attached knives and a mechanical drive, packer roller.

A disadvantage of the known machine is the lack of possibility of cutting the bush, the danger of breakage of the cutter knives when meeting with a bush with a trunk thickness of more than 20 mm.

There is a known device for the kokchereza trailer KPD-2 (Agricultural machinery, catalog volume II: Moscow, Informationgrotech, 1991, p. 230), containing a combined machine, trailed to the base tractor with a thrust of 100 kn, having a composite frame with a wheelset and hydraulic cylinders. A disk battery is fixed on its transverse beam, a milling drum with marsh knives is installed on the longitudinal bars, an ice rink is mounted at the end of the frame.

The kochkorez presses the bumps protruding above the surface of the sod layer, sandwiches them between the passive disks, cuts off the bumps fixed in the disk battery and cuts the cut bumps and turf with L-shaped knives of the milling cutter with an active drive, passively separates pieces of sod-soil mass and rolls laid on pieces of turf soil with a skating rink. This device is adopted as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of work on lands overgrown with shrubs, since its working bodies are able to cut and crush hard stems of herbaceous plants and shrubbery with trunk diameters of less than 20 mm, larger vegetation requires additional work to cut and remove the shrub.

Eliminate this drawback will allow the proposed kochkorez, including the base machine, a frame with support wheels and hydraulic cylinders, a device for pressing and gripping the bumps, a shredder bumps and a compacting roller, in which, according to the invention, the frame is made of three sections interconnected with wheelsets, on the first of which are mounted: a device for pressing and gripping the bumps, made in the form of a casing with a movable clamping gripper and transverse knives on the outside, a bucket with a shredded inside a reader in the form of two on-line band milling cutters located on one shaft, rollers with double-edged chipper bits between them, with throwers between the turns of band milling cutters and a staple-shaped baffle plate having windows with removable dampers in the side walls and a flat cutting knife, a deep-ripper in the lower part and a control cabin that is movable in a horizontal plane, on the second section of the frame there is a manipulator with a chipper-saw blade, a container for hydraulic fluid, a hydraulic pump unit and an engine, in the third tion main frame telescopically mounted disker frame with movably mounted disks chisel rippers for vertical movement and packer roller.

In addition, for planting shredded vegetation under the arable layer, the bucket can be equipped with an outlet with a bell and an ejector, and by means of a product pipe and a fan are connected with a through channel made in a deep-ripper, and both wheelsets of the second section can be equipped with removable rubber-metal tracks.

A new technical result from the application of the invention is that the proposed design of the mechanism of pressing, fixing and cutting the bumps allows you to cut and grind the subsoil part of the bumps, shrubbery, feed the crushed mass to the field surface and seal it into the soil using a disc machine, and installation on the frame of the manipulator with a chipping saw blade allows preliminary sawing of the thickest shrub trunks. At the same time, attaching a bell to the bucket with an ejector coupled by means of a product pipe and a fan with a through channel of a deep-ripper will, if necessary, allow the burial of crushed bumps and shrubs under the arable layer. The supply of wheelsets of the second section with removable rubber-metal tracks will increase the stability and patency of the machine on soft soils.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 is a diagram of a brush cutter when placing equipment in the working position, side view; in FIG. 2 is a diagram of the working equipment of the first section of the frame, side view; in FIG. 3 - working body of a grinder of bumps and shrubs, general view.

The proposed kochkorez includes a self-propelled base wheel chassis with a frame consisting of three sections 1, 2, 3 with wheelsets and hydraulic cylinders. On section 1 of the frame are mounted: a device for pressing and gripping the bumps in the form of a casing 4 frontally mounted in front of the base machine with a movable clamping gripper 5 and transverse knives 6, a bucket 7 with a grinder located inside in the form of two on-line band milling cutters 8 on one shaft, rollers 9 with double-edged chipping beams 10 between them and throwers 11 between turns of tape mills 8. Inside the bucket 7 has a staple-shaped baffle plate 12, in the side walls there are windows 13 with removable dampers, and in the lower part there is a flat cutting knife 14. A section ripper 15 and a control cabin 16 movable in the horizontal plane are also mounted on the frame section 1.

On section 2 of the frame are placed: a manipulator 17 with a chipper-saw blade 18, a tank 19 for hydraulic fluid, a hydraulic pump unit 20 and an engine 21.

In section 3 of the main frame, a telescopic frame 22 of the disk drive with movably mounted disks 23, chisel rippers 24 with the possibility of vertical movement and a packer roller 25 is telescopically mounted.

If it is necessary to grind the crushed plant mass under the arable layer, the bucket 7 can be equipped with an outlet with a bell 26 and an ejector 27 and, through the product pipe 28 and fan 29, is in communication with the through channel 30 made in the subsoiler 15.

The proposed kochkorez works as follows:

On a reclaimed agricultural land with scattered bumps and clumps of shrubs with trunk diameters of more than 0.02 m, a machine is brought in and it is prepared for work.

At the beginning of the processed strip, all sections of the frame from the transport position are transferred to the working position with a decrease in the center of gravity. This increases the stability and patency of the machine. The manipulator 17 on the rotary retractable rack 31 with a chipper-saw blade 18 is transferred to the working position.

At the first pass of the car along the lighthouse strip, work is carried out simultaneously on the lighthouse strip and the adjacent adjacent one. In the process of movement of the machine, cutting and grinding of small shrubs in both strips begins with the help of a chopping saw blade 18 of the manipulator 17 and cutting the larger into separate pieces. At the same time, on the lighthouse strip, these pieces, together with the bumps, are pressed by the front clamping jaw 5. After pressing the cut vegetative mass to the turf, the transverse knives 6 cut the aerial part of the bumps, hemp shrubs, and the band cutters 8 with double-edged beaters 10 with T- and Y-shaped knives forms grind it together with the surface layer of turf. The ground mass is moved by throwers 11 along the casing 4 and along the staple-shaped baffle plate 12 into the bucket 7 to the flat knife 14 of the bucket and its side walls with windows 13. With open dampers on the windows 13, it is distributed over the surface of the treated strip, sealed with disks 23 and rolled into the soil skating rink 25. Chisel rippers 24 cut the roots of the vegetation below the hummock and loosen the soil. Subsoiler 15 provide deep loosening of the soil, improving its aeration and moisture capacity.

With the subsequent passage of an adjacent strip, it cuts the bumps and crushes the shrub that was cut during the first pass, and cuts the bush with a cutting-sawing disk 18 only on the next adjacent strip.

If the surface application of the crushed mass can lead to a significant decrease in soil fertility, it is possible to lay the crushed mass below the arable layer. For this, the windows 13 are closed with shutters and the fan 29 is turned on. In this case, the crushed mass, filling the bucket 7, moves to the bell 26 through which it is sucked by the ejector 27 and fed through the product pipe 28 to the through channel 30 made in the subsoiler 15 and laid in the subsoil layer soil. The surface of the processed strip is also loosened by the disks 23 and rolled roller 25.

In abandoned meadows, the beginning of the process of bogging is often observed and, as a result, the patency of the cutter decreases. To increase the cross-country ability and greater stability on soft soils, both wheelsets of the section 2 of the brush cutter frame can be equipped with rubber-metal tracks (not indicated in the drawings), which significantly increases the cross-country ability and stability of the machine.

After completion of work, the product pipelines are purged, the through channel in the deep-ripper is cleaned of the process material, and the tufts are moved to a new facility or a temporary storage and technical maintenance parking lot.

Thus, the kochkorez of the proposed design allows for the effective cleaning of land from bumps and shrubs with a trunk thickness of more than 0.02 m with the simultaneous utilization of crushed plant mass.

Claims (3)

1. Kochkorez, including the base machine, a frame with support wheels and hydraulic cylinders, a device for pressing and gripping the bumps, a chopper of the bumps and a compacting roller, characterized in that the frame is made of three sections interconnected with wheelsets, on the first of which are mounted: device for pressing and gripping the bumps, made in the form of a casing with a movable clamping gripper and transverse knives on the outside, a bucket with a grinder located inside in the form of two on-line band cutters, a roller s with double-edged chipping beams between them, with throwers between the turns of band milling cutters and a staple-shaped baffle plate having windows with removable dampers in the side walls, and in the lower part there is a flat cutting knife, a ripper and a control cabin movable in the horizontal plane, on the second section of the frame a manipulator with a chipper-saw blade, a reservoir for the hydraulic fluid, a hydraulic pump unit and an engine are located; on the third section of the main frame, the disk frame is mounted telescopically with movably mounted mounted disks, chisel rippers with the possibility of vertical movement and a packer roller. 2. Kochkorez according to claim 1, characterized in that, for planting shredded vegetation under the arable layer, the bucket is equipped with an outlet with a bell and an ejector and, through a product pipe and fan, is in communication with a through channel made in a subsoiler. 3. Kochkorez according to paragraphs. 1, 2, characterized in that both wheelsets of the second section are equipped with removable rubber-metal tracks.

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