RU2561249C2 - Balancing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: balancing machine comprises a frame, a drive for rotation of the rotor being balanced and two support units. Every support unit consists of a holder with a vibration transducer and supporting rollers for the installation of the rotor being balanced and a weight sensor connected to the control unit. Each supporting unit also comprises a linear motion guide with a main carriage set on it and auxiliary carriages set on its sides. The holder is fixed on the main carriage. Pressing springs are installed at the auxiliary carriages on the side of the main carriage. The auxiliary carriages are fitted by fixing elements with oppositely directed threads. The fixing elements are set on a threaded pin coupled with the electric motor shaft. The auxiliary carriages provide for adjustable pressing and releasing of the main carriage according to the signal sent by the control unit to the electric motor.

EFFECT: invention provides for expanded functionality of the device due to the possibility of automatic transfer into optimal operating mode.

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Description

The invention relates to measuring equipment, namely to balancing machines, and can be used to determine the imbalance of turbine rotors, compressors, pumps, etc. in pre-resonance, resonance, and out-of-resonance modes.

A balancing machine comprising a bed, two support units with manual adjustment springs, each of which includes a lever with support rollers for installing a balancing rotor, a rotation drive of the balancing rotor and an oscillation detection mechanism (see GB 446481, cl. G01M, is known from the prior art) 1/04, published April 30, 1936). The disadvantages of the known device are the low accuracy of determining the imbalance and the complexity of the control.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a balancing machine containing a bed, two support nodes with clamping springs, each of which includes an arm with support rollers for installing a balanced rotor, a rotation drive of the balanced rotor and vibration sensors (see patent BY04419, cl. G01M 1/04, published March 30, 2002). The disadvantages of the known device are insufficient accuracy and speed, due to the inability to vary the balancing modes, i.e. transition from preresonance to resonance and resonance modes.

The objective of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages. The technical result is to expand the functionality of the device by providing the ability to automatically switch to the optimal mode of operation. The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the balancing machine containing the bed, the drive rotates the balancing rotor, two support nodes with compression springs, each of which includes a bracket with a vibration sensor and support rollers for installing the balancing rotor, each support node also includes a weight sensor connected to the control unit, and a linear guide with the main carriage mounted on it, on which the bracket is fixed, and auxiliary carriages on the sides of it on which pressure springs are located on the side of the main carriage, the auxiliary carriages being provided with fixing elements with opposite directional threads mounted on the threaded rod connected to the motor shaft and provide the possibility of adjustable compression and release of the main carriage in accordance with the signal supplied by the control unit on an electric motor.

Figure 1 presents the proposed balancing machine, side view;

figure 2 is a front view.

The proposed balancing machine contains a frame 1 and two support nodes. Each support unit includes a support base 2 and a support plate 3 mounted on a weight sensor 4. On each plate 3 there is a linear guide 5 on which the main carriage 6 is mounted and auxiliary carriages 7 and a holder 8 are located on its sides.

In the holder 8, a threaded rod 9 is installed, passing through the fixing elements 10 of the auxiliary carriages 7 with oppositely directed threads. The rod 9 is connected with the shaft of the electric motor 11, and the auxiliary carriage 7 from the side of the main carriage 6 is equipped with compression springs 12.

On each main carriage 6, a bracket 13 with support rollers 14 and an oscillation sensor 15 is installed for installing and analyzing vibrations of the balanced rotor 16. The rotor 16 is connected to a rotation drive (not shown in the drawings).

The operation of the proposed balancing machine is controlled by a control unit 17, which is connected to the weight sensors 4 and the electric motor 11. When a corresponding signal is sent from the control unit 17 to the electric motor 11, the auxiliary carriages 7 due to the multidirectional movement of the locking elements 10 along the rod 9 provide the possibility of adjustable compression by the springs 12 or release the main carriage 6.

The proposed balancing machine operates as follows.

Suppose the mass and initial imbalance are unknown, and the technical requirements for the residual imbalance are high, i.e. very precise balancing is required. In this case, the following sequential operations are performed.

The rotor 16 is placed on the support rollers 14 and its weight is determined using weight sensors 4. Based on the signal from the weight sensors 4, the control unit 17 determines the preferred mode of operation, for example, pre-resonance, as the most convenient with a large initial imbalance. To translate the machine into the pre-resonant mode of operation of the spring 12 using the electric motor 11, the rod 9 and the locking elements 10 are compressed to the stop. After this, the balancing speed is assigned from a number of average values, the rotor 16 is accelerated to the selected rotation frequency and its vibrations are recorded using vibration sensors 15. The imbalance is determined by the registered signal and eliminated.

Then choose the next mode of operation - resonance as the most convenient for parts with high requirements for balancing accuracy. Depending on the mass of the rotor 16, the first natural resonant frequency of the oscillatory system is determined. The main carriage 6 is completely released, so that the springs 12 form a gap Δ with it. After that, the balancing speed is selected from a number of small values, the rotor 16 is accelerated to the selected rotation frequency and its vibrations are recorded using vibration sensors 15. The imbalance is determined by the registered signal and eliminated.

Then choose the final mode - resonance, which achieves the highest possible accuracy of balancing. For this, the springs 12 with the help of the electric motor 11, the rod 9 and the locking elements 10 are installed in any intermediate preloaded state. The rotor 16 is programmed to slowly accelerate to the set speed, pass the resonance and register the vibrations of the rotor 16 using vibration sensors. The registered signal determines the residual imbalance of a very small value and eliminate it.

The invention improves the accuracy of balancing due to the possibility of the balancing machine operating in the pre-resonance, resonance and resonance modes without removing the rotor from the machine, as well as automate all processes (mechanical, design, control, selection of the technological balancing speed) when transferring the balancing machine to another operating mode .

Claims (1)

A balancing machine comprising a bed, a rotational drive of a balanced rotor, two support units with compression springs, each of which includes an arm with an oscillation sensor and support rollers for installing a balanced rotor, characterized in that each support unit includes a weight sensor connected to the control unit, and a linear guide with the main carriage mounted on it, on which the bracket is fixed, and on the sides of it with auxiliary carriages, on which the presser is located on the side of the main carriage e springs, and the auxiliary carriages are provided with locking elements with oppositely directed threads mounted on the threaded rod connected to the motor shaft and provide the possibility of adjustable compression and release of the main carriage in accordance with the signal supplied by the control unit to the electric motor.

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