RU2560672C1 - Method for selecting optimum dose of vitamins and mineral substances for adult population - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: implemented is an algorithm to measure dosages of vitamins and mineral substances (nutrients) to be taken to recover and maintain an adult's body saturated within the normal physiological limits if observing a deficiency or excess in blood serum, and thereby to keep the metabolic balance. Based on the algorithm, the invention enables determining a dose versus change characteristic curve that is consumed doses of certain nutrients, mg/kg of body weight and respective changes in the blood serum nutrients concentrations, mcg/ml; the above dose versus change curve, as well as a measured physiological reference daily nutrient intake and body weights and sexes of the people being tested are used to determine an optimal dose of the nutrients having the subnormal blood serum concentrations; the above optimal dose is considered necessary to recover and maintain the body saturated with vitamins and minerals within the normal physiological reference limits; if the nutrients appear to exceed the physiologically normal blood serum concentrations, the nutritional status is supposed to be corrected by a dieting expert and a nutrition specialist to ensure the physiologically normal status of metabolic processes.

EFFECT: higher accuracy.

2 cl, 2 dwg, 3 tbl

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to food industry and medicine, food hygiene, and in particular, to a method for selecting the optimal dose of vitamins and minerals for the adult population, designed to determine the doses of vitamins and minerals (hereinafter referred to as nutrients) that ensure the restoration and maintenance of saturation of the adult body by them person within the physiological norm, with a deficiency or excess in the blood serum, and due to this the preservation of the metabolic balance.

State of the art

To date, there are ways to choose the means (preparations) for the prevention and treatment of pathological conditions that are etiologically associated not only with morphological, but also with hypo- (more often) or hypervitamin-mineral disorders in the body, including ways to supplement vitamin-mineral deficiency of the human body by means of balanced composition and doses, in order to increase its stability, resistance to adverse living conditions, work and environmental factors by adjusting the nutrition of the population, taking into account the seasonal, age-related needs of the human body, climatic, biogeochemical and geophysical characteristics of the place of its life and the creation of additional food products, in particular specialized food products (SPP) [3, 5-9, 14]. Analogs in the method of choosing the means of prevention and treatment of pathological conditions, including the correction of a deficiency of vitamins and minerals in the body, based on the requirements, based on the principles of economy, rationality and effectiveness of achieving the result, are:

- “Biologically active food supplement for the prevention of iodine deficiency and the method of its production” (RU 2265377 C1, 12/10/2005). The invention relates to the food industry, namely the composition and production of biologically active additives (BAA) to food for the prevention of iodine deficiency. Food supplements contain pectin - 23.1-25.0 wt.%, Crystalline iodine - 5.0-10.25 wt.%, Potassium iodide - 10.0-20.5 wt.%, The rest is distilled water. The method involves dissolving crystalline iodine in an aqueous solution of potassium iodide, introducing pectin into the resulting solution, thoroughly mixing. Then distilled water is poured to obtain a wet loose powder, which is then dried at 25-90 ° C. The method allows to expand the range of dietary supplements for food for the prevention of iodine deficiency by using the iodine mineral compound for this purpose. The resulting additive does not have a sensitizing effect on the human body and provides increased absorption of iodine.

The disadvantages of this method are: the presence in the dietary supplement mineral compound of iodine, which has an irritating effect on the gastric mucosa; the ability to correct the content in the body of only one trace element; subjectivity in the order of using dietary supplements and the amount of iodine entering the body to achieve the level of its physiological norm.

- “Mineral and vitamin composition for the enrichment of dairy products” (RU 2003125797 A, 02.20.2005). The invention relates to the dairy industry. A composition containing fluorine compounds in an amount of 2.2-2.8 mg / l, characterized in that the fluorine content in the consumed dairy products and drinks does not exceed its prophylactic dose in the range of 0.0011-5 mg / l, and the content of vitamins and provitamins (A, B, C, D, PP, beta-carotene, etc.) - 0.01-130 mg / l, while both vitamins and multivitamin supplements can be used as vitamins, including their mixture or ready-made premixes, a combination of the components of the composition, in a certain ratio, is aimed at providing correction of pit population, taking into account the seasonal, age-related needs of the human body, climatic, biogeochemical and geophysical characteristics of the place of his life. Mineral-vitamin composition for enriching dairy products, characterized in that one of the ingredients, sodium fluoride or potassium fluoride, is used as a fluorine-containing substance.

The disadvantages of this method are the presence in the composition of the salts of mineral acids having an irritating effect on the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract; the composition composition used in the method is formed solely due to synthetic vitamin-mineral complexes, which are always simple chemicals; in addition, according to some authors, synthetic vitamins can cause toxic reactions [16]; doses of fluorine and vitamins are taken subjectively, without justification and correlation with the level of physiological norms of consumption (daily, maximum);

- “The method of choosing an antibiotic in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases” (RU 2495422 C2, 10.10.2013). The purpose and content of this method is to measure spontaneous and antibiotic-modified lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence of the patient's whole blood. The antibiotic modification coefficient (CAM) is then calculated, which is the ratio of the difference in the area under the chemiluminescence curve with the antibiotic (S _ANT ) and under the spontaneous chemiluminescence curve (S _SP ) to the area under the spontaneous chemiluminescence curve (S _SP ), expressed as a percentage. For the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases, antibiotics are selected for which the positive or negative KAM values do not exceed 10% in absolute value. In this case, the optimal antibiotic is considered to be one in which the value of KAM modulo most closely or equal to "0". In the case of coincidence of positive and negative KAM values of antibiotics in absolute value, an antibiotic with a positive value is preferred. The invention relates to medicine, namely to clinical pharmacology, the method allows the selection of antibiotics in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases, taking into account the individual immunological characteristics of patients.

The disadvantages of the method are, firstly, the need for expensive laboratory equipment, combined with a computer and special software, which reduces the availability of the method in conditions of insufficient funding for practical health care (primarily outpatient care); secondly, the patient does not exclude the development of adverse reactions to taking drugs, medical supervision is necessary; thirdly, the application of the method is limited to the field of choice of therapy - antibiotics, the factor of the presence of concomitant pathology is not taken into account;

- “The method of individual selection of therapeutic agents for a particular patient” (RU 2189587 C1, 09/20/2002). The purpose and content of this method is the individual selection (screening) of drugs: both drugs and non-drug treatments for a particular patient with various human diseases (inflammatory, oncological, immunodeficiency, infectious, etc.). In the method, the cultivation of the blood components of the patient with the tested therapeutic agents is carried out, the analysis of the substrates of the blood components before and after the cultivation of the blood components is carried out, the ratio of the concentrations of thiol (-SH) and disulfide (-SS-) groups in the cell fraction (thiol-disulfide ratio - TDS) is determined and choose, taking into account the latter, the optimal tool. The cultivation of the patient’s blood components is carried out within 24-72 hours, and the TDS is determined with an interval of 30-120 minutes, a schedule for changing the TDS as a function of time is built, and the optimal means are selected by comparing the areas under the graphs calculated according to the TDS and cultivation time. In this case, the cultivation of the patient’s blood components is carried out simultaneously with several therapeutic agents, the cell fraction obtained from citrated blood is cultured, and when selecting medicines for the cultivation of the patient’s blood components, the test drug is used taking into account its bioavailability for various routes of administration to the body ( intramuscularly, intravenously, enteral) and taking into account the gender and weight of the patient. When selecting non-pharmacological therapeutic agents as therapeutic agents, they are dosed as follows: for high-power therapeutic agents (inductothermy, antitumor radiotherapy), the time of action on a patient’s blood sample is chosen as many times less than the therapeutic one, how many times the volume of the blood sample is less than the volume of tissue included in the irradiation field during the procedure on a person. For ultra-low power therapeutic agents and mainly information-correcting effects (energy-information therapy), the duration of action on a blood sample is chosen to be the same as the duration of action on a patient during a therapeutic procedure. In addition, when using anti-infectious and anti-tumor chemotherapy drugs, radiation antitumor therapy, and other therapeutic agents aimed at directly impairing the viability of an infectious agent or tumor cell, a drug or therapeutic effect with the smallest area under the graph of TDS versus cultivation time is chosen , and when using medicines and non-drug therapeutic agents as therapeutic agents PTS immunomodulatory, tonic or corrective action information selected drug or treatment modality with the highest area under the plot of the TDS of cultivation time. The invention relates to medicine. The method provides increased accuracy in the selection of therapeutic agents, optimization of their doses and combinations.

The disadvantages of the method are: firstly, the significant duration (more than 3 days) of even one analysis, the large material costs of the study (reagents, equipment, etc.), the complexity of its implementation and subsequent construction of graphs and calculations, as a result - limited availability a method in practical medicine (first of all, outpatient unit); secondly, the absence of guarantees for the occurrence of adverse reactions (toxic, allergic, etc.) on drugs and the effects of non-pharmacological agents in vivo; thirdly, the lack of regulation on testing the means of preventing the development of pathological conditions (only diseases with a chronic, severe and complicated course are considered).

- “Biologically active food supplement for the population of the Chuvash Republic (options)” (RU 2396032 C2, 08/10/2010). The purpose and content of this method is to strive to compensate for the deficiencies in the diets of the inhabitants of the Chuvash Republic, as well as to increase the body's resistance to adverse environmental factors in humans of all age groups of the Chuvash Republic through the use of biologically active food additives. Dietary supplement for children aged 4 to 6 years contains a complex of vitamins and minerals in organic form, namely 0.5 mg of vitamin B ₁ , 0.3 mg of vitamin A, 25 mg of vitamin C, 5.0 mg of iron, 20 , 0 mg selenium, 1.0 mg manganese. Alternatively, a dietary supplement for children aged 7 to 14 years contains 0.6 mg of vitamin B ₁ , 0.7 mg of vitamin B ₂ , 0.8 mg of vitamin B ₆ , 0.4 mg of vitamin A, 70 mg of vitamin C, 600 mg of calcium, 100 mg of magnesium, 7.0 mg of iron, 50.0 mg of selenium, 1.0 mg of manganese. Alternatively, dietary supplement for teens from 14 years old and adults contains 0.6 mg of vitamin B ₁ , 0.7 mg of vitamin B ₂ , 1.0 mg of vitamin B ₆ , 0.4 mg of vitamin A, 70 mg of vitamin C, 600 mg of calcium, 100 mg of magnesium, 7.0 mg of iron, 75.0 mg of selenium, 2.0 mg of manganese. The invention relates to the field of food industry, in particular to biologically active additives (BAA) to food.

The disadvantages of this method are that, firstly, it is geographically unidirectional and cannot solve the problems of vitamin and mineral saturation in the body of the population of other regions, based on their geochemical characteristics in natural environments and diets; secondly, as doses of nutrients recommended for intake (in particular, by the adult population) as part of dietary supplements, their arbitrary, averaged values are taken, without taking into account the physiological norm and the upper allowable level of daily intake of nutrients [4], as well as personified human characteristics (body weight and gender, the level of initial saturation of nutrients in the body). This circumstance does not guarantee their restoration to the level of physiological norm (hypo- or hypersaturation, which is equally unfavorable for the body); thirdly, the composition of dietary supplements adopted in the method is formed solely due to synthetic vitamin-mineral complexes, which are always simple chemicals; in addition, according to some authors, synthetic vitamins can cause toxic reactions [16].

The fundamental difference between the present invention and analogues is that an algorithm has been developed that allows you to establish a graphical dependence of the values of the consumed doses of individual nutrients in mg / kg MT and the corresponding values of the change in the concentration of nutrients in blood serum in μg / ml - "dose-change"; and on the basis of the dose-change dependence graph and taking into account the physiological norm of the daily intake of nutrients, as well as the body weight and gender of the subjects, determine the optimal dose of nutrients required to restore and maintain the vitamin-mineral saturation of the body of any adult within the reference values of the physiological norm, with their deficiency or excess in the blood serum, and due to this maintain the metabolic balance.

The closest to the technical solution of the tasks, among the analogues considered, are the "Method of individual selection of therapeutic agents for a particular patient" (RU 2189587 C1, 09/20/2002) and "Dietary supplement to food of the population of the Chuvash Republic (options)" (RU 2396032 C2, 08/10/2010). However, based on the technical result achieved during the implementation of the invention is the correction of vitamin-mineral deficiency of the body, the invention “Biologically active additive to

food of the population of the Chuvash Republic (options) ”(RU 2396032 C2, 08/10/2010). The disadvantages noted for the prototype are taken into account and are absent in the proposed method.

Disclosure of invention

The nutrition of modern man is characterized by a lack of many nutrients, primarily macro and micronutrients, and excessive consumption of others (simple carbohydrates, animal fats, salt).

Monitoring of the state of health of the population of the country, carried out in 2008 by the bodies of the Rospotrebnadzor of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation, revealed a widespread shortage of biologically valuable substances in most of the examined. According to the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation G.G. Onishchenko (letter No. 01 / 12925-8-32 of November 12, 2008, “On the state of morbidity due to micronutrient deficiency”), the most important of them are:

- deficiency of vitamins C, B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₆ , folic acid, beta-carotene;

- deficiency of calcium, potassium macronutrients with a simultaneous excess of sodium due to increased consumption of sodium chloride;

- micronutrient deficiency of iodine, selenium, iron, zinc, fluorine;

- deficiency of dietary fiber.

Insufficient intake and (or) signs of deficiency of vitamins and minerals are quite widespread (in our country, these include B vitamins, carotene, vitamin C, iodine, iron, calcium). Insufficient intake of micronutrients and biologically active components has an adverse effect on the health of the working population.

On October 25, 2010, the Government of the Russian Federation approved the “Fundamentals of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of healthy nutrition of the population for the period until 2020” (No. 1873-r). Therefore, scientific research in the field of determining both the physiological action of certain ingredients and their technological functions are relevant and timely [15].

A promising direction for optimizing the nutrition of the adult population and, above all, the part that experiences heavy physical, psycho-emotional, and mental stress (for example, miners, foundry workers, public transport drivers, military personnel, athletes, operators of complex technical devices, programmers, scientists and others), is the inclusion in the diet of foods with a high content of biologically active substances (BAS), preferably of natural origin from plant (s) or astitelno-protein raw materials, above all - vitamins and minerals.

The role of vitamins in a balanced diet is described in sufficient detail in the scientific literature. It is known that a lack of vitamins disrupts the metabolism. The specific function of most vitamins is that they, in the form of coenzymes or prosthetic groups formed from them in the body, are part of the active centers of coenzyme proteins and thus take part in the mechanisms of enzymatic catalysis of various metabolic reactions that underlie all vital processes and body functions [12]. This circumstance is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and regulating metabolism, since biosynthesis of the protein part of the enzyme and its functioning as a whole are the main points of application of various regulatory mechanisms that ensure the integration of metabolism and its adaptation to changing internal needs and external conditions [13]. The role of individual vitamins in certain biochemical processes of the body is established.

The main food sources of natural vitamins are vegetables, fruits, berries, vegetable and animal oils, meat, milk.

Minerals along with proteins, carbohydrates, fats and vitamins are vital components of human food, necessary for building the chemical structures of living tissues and the implementation of biochemical and physiological processes that underlie the body's vital functions.

Minerals, which are part of enzymes, catalyze the metabolism in the body, participate in plastic processes of building various tissues, including bones, take part in hematopoiesis, affect the protective functions of the body, participate in acid-base reactions, enzymatic and hormonal activities and etc.

Minerals in the body act as activators or inhibitors of various enzymes. The state of deficiency, excess or imbalance of mineral substances in the body leads to microelementoses that affect human health, carrying out any type of activity [10, 11].

Currently, to compensate for the vitamin-mineral deficiency of the body in the diets of an adult, mainly synthetic vitamin-mineral complexes are used. At the same time, they are inferior to natural ones, since a synthetic product is always a simple chemical substance, and a natural product is a complex mixture of related substances. Although synthetic vitamins and minerals gave satisfactory results when consumed, the benefits of natural vitamins are greater at many levels. The chemical analysis of both representatives may seem the same, but this is not all that is in natural vitamins, which is associated with these substances in nature. Synthetic Vitamin C is only ascorbic acid and nothing more. Natural vitamin C from rose hips also contains bioflavonoids, a whole complex of vitamin C, which makes the natural analogue much more effective. Natural vitamin E, which can include all tocopherols, and not just alpha tocopherol, is more effective than its synthetic counterpart [16].

It is known that for the normal functioning of the body and all its systems, not only vitamins and minerals (balanced vitamin-mineral complexes) are needed, but a much wider complex of natural food components to which a person is adapted, in particular, minor substances. The latter, without energy and plastic significance, have a versatile physiological effect on the body. So, bioflavonoids have antioxidant properties due to inhibition of the oxidation of low density lipoproteins and endogenous vitamin E, the formation of chelate complexes with metal ions and the binding of free radicals; suppression of the formation and release of factors-promoters of inflammation and tissue destruction; regulation of the activity of xenobiotic metabolism enzymes. Food indoles and isothiocyanates are able to induce the activity of the monooxygenase system by inducers of phase II enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism [2].

The main source of vitamins, mineral and minor substances are plants and, accordingly, plant foods [2].

The optimal complexes, including all these elements, are natural concentrated food products (NCPP) from plant or protein-vegetable raw materials, made according to cryogenic technology.

Plant or protein-vegetable raw materials are processed by low-temperature drying followed by grinding at low temperatures. The final products are finely divided cryopowders, which have a higher bioavailability of biologically active substances when used internally. The use of one gram of concentrate is similar to the consumption of 700-1000 grams of fresh fruits or vegetables [1].

Studies of biocorrectors have shown that as a result of the implementation of a whole technological cycle of processing by this technology, there is a significant increase in the content of biologically active substances in the final products. Removing moisture from fruits and vegetables significantly increases the extraction properties of the product and the degree of assimilation of the product. The concentration of dietary fibers, their microstructuring and, in connection with this, the large active surface of NKPP gives them the properties of enterosorbents.

The objective of the present invention is to develop a method for selecting the optimal dose of vitamins and minerals for the adult population, including an algorithm for determining the doses of vitamins and minerals that ensure the restoration and maintenance of saturation of the body of an adult within the physiological norm, with a deficiency or excess in blood serum, and due to this, maintaining the metabolic balance. The problem is solved by the proposed method, which is based on a graphical dependence of the dose of individual nutrients in mg / kg MT and the corresponding values of the change in the concentration of nutrients in blood serum in μg / ml - "dose-change".

The technical result of the present invention is the development of an algorithm that allows you to establish a graphical dependence of the values of the consumed doses of individual nutrients in mg / kg MT and the corresponding values of the change in the concentration of nutrients in blood serum in μg / ml - "dose-change"; and on the basis of the dose-change dependence graph and taking into account the physiological norm of the daily intake of nutrients, as well as the body weight and gender of the subjects, determine the optimal dose of nutrients required to restore and maintain the vitamin-mineral saturation of the body of any adult within the reference values of the physiological norm, with their deficiency or excess in the blood serum, and due to this maintain the metabolic balance.

The proposed method in comparison with the prototype is technically simple, does not require any additional tests and complex mathematical calculations in determining the physiologically effective doses of vitamins and minerals for each person with a once-formed dose-change relationship; provides a significant reduction in time and material costs for the study; equally effective in assessing and correcting vitamin and mineral saturation in the body of the population of any region and does not depend on seasonal, climatic living conditions, leading any type of labor activity; the method is balanced according to physiological norms and upper allowable levels of daily nutrient intake, as well as personified characteristics of a person (body weight and gender, the level of initial nutrient saturation in the body); restoration of the vitamin-mineral insufficiency of the body in the method is allowed by any product containing the required nutrients (natural raw materials - vegetables, fruits, berries, herbs, cereals; prepared foods, synthetic vitamin, mineral and / or vitamin-mineral complexes, NKPP).

The achievement of the technical result is ensured by the fact that in the method, the following steps of the algorithm for determining optimal doses of nutrient intake are determined and performed, which ensure the restoration and maintenance of the saturation of the adult body by them within the physiological norm, with their lack or excess in blood serum:

1) the laboratory method determines the initial concentration of nutrients in the blood serum of the subjects in μg / ml;

2) determine the nutrient content in mg in natural raw materials - vegetables, fruits, berries, herbs, cereals; prepared food, synthetic vitamin, mineral and / or vitamin-mineral complexes, natural concentrated food products (NKPP) - in the product, their total amount in equal volumes of the product obtained by subjects with different body weights (MT), under identical conditions for receiving the product, and the dose of nutrients in mg / kg MT received by each subject;

3) determine the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum of the subjects in μg / ml after taking the product and on the basis of the difference in the concentrations of nutrients in the blood serum after and before taking the product, determine the dependence of the change - either increase or decrease, or zero value of their concentration in μg / ml in the studied dose range from the calculated dose in mg / kg MT received by the subjects;

4) the studied dose range is divided sequentially into sub-intervals of 4, 5, 6, 7 doses, in each of which the average values of the doses that fall into each sub-interval and corresponding to these average doses, the average values of the change in the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum after and before are calculated product intake;

5) based on the obtained average values, a graph is built of the dependence of the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum in μg / ml on the amount of the consumed dose of individual nutrients in mg / kg MT;

6) for nutrients whose concentration in the blood serum is less than the physiological norm, based on the dose-variation diagram and taking into account the physiological norm of daily nutrient intake, as well as body weight and gender of the subjects, determine the optimal dose of nutrients required for recovery and maintaining the vitamin-mineral saturation of the body within the reference values of the physiological norm;

7) when the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum exceeds the physiological norm, it is recommended that nutrition status be corrected by a nutritionist or nutritionist.

The present invention differs fundamentally from the prototype in that an original method is developed for choosing the optimal dose of vitamins and minerals for the adult population, including an algorithm for determining the doses of vitamins and minerals that ensure the restoration and maintenance of saturation of the body of an adult within the physiological norm, if they are deficient or excess in blood serum, and due to this maintaining the metabolic balance.

In addition, it is important to note that this method mainly differs from analogues and prototype in that it allows you to effectively correct the vitamin-mineral saturation of the body of any adult, taking into account individual physiological needs and the level of functional activity.

The implementation of the invention

In order to prevent the development of pathological conditions, in order to achieve high performance, socially useful activity and, as a result, ensuring a high quality of life for the adult population, it is important to maintain the physiological functions of the body at an optimal level.

Using the proposed method was carried out in the process of carrying out by the representatives of the adult population intensive labor activity, characterized by high and prolonged physical, psycho-emotional stress. The implementation of the method and the evaluation of the results provided for the following activities (studies), which we will consider by example.

On the basis of informed voluntary consent, 35 subjects (18 men and 17 women) took NKPP from protein-vegetable raw materials.

The subjects examined with food once a day consumed 10.0 g of NKPP Antitoks (composition: cryopowders of red grapes, Jerusalem artichoke, beets, parsley) and 10.0 g NKPP SportAktiv-2 (composition: cryopowders of rabbit meat, celery, onions, pumpkins, rose hips) for 15 days. Testing for the body's saturation with vitamins and minerals was performed twice - before the start (initial) and after the end of taking NKPP (final).

Qualification vitamin saturation organism bioliquid performed on the analyzer "Flyuorat-02 - ABLF-T" - (content of vitamins A, E, B ₂ in the blood), fluorescent photometric.

The determination of trace elements (zinc, copper, iron) in blood serum was carried out using an atomic absorption spectrometer "Quant-2A" with a flame method of atomization of the sample and a deuterium background corrector.

Assessment of the content of vitamins and minerals in NKPP was carried out by the same physicochemical methods as in the serum of (whole) blood. Vitamins were extracted from food products by extraction with hexane (vitamins A, E) and water (vitamin B ₂ ). Autoclave mineralization of the samples was carried out to extract trace elements.

The list of nutrients selected for the study was determined by their significance during the metabolic processes of the body.

Justification of the composition used in the example of NKPPC and NKPPBS

As indicated above (p. 14, para. 2), the restoration of the vitamin-mineral deficiency of the body in the method is allowed by any product containing the required nutrients. We have chosen NKPP as a product, which are easily dosed, diverse in form of use and the possibility of forming the composition of the product. In addition, to achieve the technical result of the present invention and the presented particular example, any NKPP made using cryogenic technology and optimally adapted for its vitamin-mineral complex and morphofunctional effects on the human body can be used to solve professional problems. For example, to meet the physiological needs of the body and choose the optimal dose of nutrients for this, mono cryoproducts can be used - carrots, beets, parsley, cottage cheese, etc., and (or) “other” complex cryoproducts - “Bogatyr”, “Champion”, “SportActive-1”, etc. However, in the presented study and, according to the vitamin-mineral complex selected for it (which is the most actively working and functional in the process of the body’s metabolism), these “other” NKPPs are quantitatively, qualitatively, and physiologically less balanced than those we have chosen. In our example (in order to ensure its greatest visibility), to achieve the optimal effect on the body of the subjects engaged in intensive labor, the most balanced are the NKPP Antitoks and SportAktiv-2.

Since intensive professional work requires great physical exertion, the composition of the NKPP containing animal protein is required (NKPPBS "SportAktiv-2").

Significant physical activity contributes to the violation of the antioxidant defense of the body, its stress resistance. In this regard, it is necessary to introduce NKPP with pronounced antioxidant properties into the diet (NKPRS Antitoks).

NKPRS "Antitox". Ingredients: cryopowders of red grapes, Jerusalem artichoke, beets, parsley.

Red grapes - a rich spectrum of bioflavonoids (polyphenols) and proanthocyanidins (anthocyanins, proanthocyanins, anthocyanidins, tannins, catechins, dihydroquercetin, resveratrol, etc.) enhance the detoxification and antioxidant function of cells. Due to the high content of vitamins, anthocyanidins, anthocyanins, dihydroquercetin, resveratrol and the easily digestible salts of trace elements important for the human metabolism - iron, copper, cobalt and zinc, they have a beneficial effect on all metabolic processes in the human body, and provide powerful antioxidant protection, regeneration liver, protect cell membranes from destruction under the influence of adverse conditions (infection, radiation, intoxication, increased oxidative process ), Normalize blood pressure, stimulate the activity of the heart muscle and improve the processes of hematopoiesis. Polyphenols are one of the most powerful antioxidants known in nature. Their antioxidant activity exceeds the activity of vitamin E by 50 times and vitamin C by 20 times. In total, red grapes contain at least 300 compounds with radioprotective, anti-radiation, bactericidal, antioxidant, neurostimulating, tonic and other functional properties.

Jerusalem artichoke - has pronounced antioxidant properties and successfully removes radionuclides, toxins and salts of heavy metals from the body. Dietary fiber and pectin stimulates the contractility of the intestinal wall, gently cleanses the intestines. Inulin of Jerusalem artichoke contributes to the normalization of intestinal microflora, the removal of toxins, and the improvement of the pancreas. It has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the cardiovascular system. It is recommended to use for hypertension, atherosclerosis, tachycardia and coronary heart disease. Jerusalem artichoke broth has a sugar-lowering ability, it is the best way to treat non-insulin diabetes. Recommended in the treatment of anemia, obesity and polyarthritis (prevents the deposition of salts, has anti-inflammatory effect).

Beetroot - due to the presence of betaine and betanin in it, improves the absorption of proteins and is involved in the formation of choline - a substance that increases the activity of liver cells. Beetroot also enhances intestinal motility (due to the presence of fiber and organic acids in it), thereby facilitating the movement of food along it, activates liver function, has a diuretic, mild laxative, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect, lowers blood pressure. As a vegetable rich in iodine, beets are useful for patients with thyrotoxicosis. The active substances of beets also stimulate the purification of interstitial fluid from toxic substances. It has a general strengthening effect, stimulates the metabolism, increases the hemoglobin content in the blood, improves its composition, etc.

Parsley - essential oils (myristicin, limonene, eugenol, alpha-thujone) and flavonoids (apiin, apigenin, luteolin, krizoeriol) have a diuretic, choleretic, antispasmodic effect and are detrimental to pathogenic microflora. Parsley has a positive effect on oxygen metabolism and supports the normal functioning of the brain, adrenal glands and thyroid glands. Due to its high content of vitamin C, being a powerful antioxidant that protects the body against free radicals, vitamin C helps prevent the development and progression of atherosclerosis, diabetes, asthma, and is essential for the healthy functioning of the immune system. Beta-carotene, which is converted into vitamin A in the body, normalizes the functions of the immune system. Parsley is rich in vitamins of group B, PP and K; It contains many minerals and trace elements necessary for the human body - iron, phosphorus, zinc, calcium, magnesium.

NKPPRS "SportActive-2". Ingredients: cryopowders of rabbit meat, celery, onion, pumpkin, rosehip.

Rabbit meat - contains all the essential amino acids needed by the human body; assimilated by 90%; hypoallergenic. In terms of vitamin and mineral composition, rabbit meat is superior to all other types and contains vitamins B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ , B ₅ , B ₆ , B ₉ , B ₁₂ and minerals (per 100 g of the product) - potassium (239 mg), calcium (13 mg), magnesium (19 mg), sodium (41 mg), phosphorus (213 mg), iron (1.57 mg). Rabbit meat is an ideal dietary product, practically does not contain cholesterol, which serves as a good prevention of arteriosclerosis; able to normalize fat metabolism, has a beneficial effect on the digestive tract, stimulating secretory function and restoring the normal activity of the entire digestive system. Good antioxidant, improves the synthesis of DNA and myelin. With acute or chronic hypoxia, it increases oxygen consumption in cells.

Celery - stimulates the production of androgen (male sex hormone), resulting in an increase in muscle mass. Celery essential oil at the same time has a calming and tonic effect on the central nervous system. B vitamins also contribute to the improvement of the nervous system.

Onions - characterized by a high content of zinc, which contributes to the effective building of muscle mass and increase immunity.

Pumpkin - has a high sorption activity against cholesterol, toxins, harmful metabolic products and salts of heavy metals, activates the detoxification function of the liver and helps to restore hepatocytes, normalizes the biliary tract. Beta-crotin helps increase the body's antioxidant defense.

Rosehip - contains vitamins C, E, P, carotenoids and bioflavonoids, which help increase the body's defenses, have a pronounced antioxidant effect. Magnesium salts determine the choleretic effect of wild rose and its beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system.

To achieve the technical result of the present invention, any NKPP made using cryogenic technology and optimally adapted for its vitamin-mineral complex and morphofunctional effect on the body of the examined can be used to solve professional problems. In our example, to achieve the optimal effect on the body of the subjects engaged in intensive labor, the most balanced NKPP Antitoks and SportAktiv-2 are the most balanced.

Stages of the study.

1. The initial concentrations of vitamins - A, E, B ₂ and minerals - copper, zinc, iron (nutrients) in blood serum in mcg / ml before the start of NKPP were determined by all the examined laboratory method (table 1 and 2).

2. Determined the nutrient content in mg in NKPP per 100 g of "Antitox" (copper - 0.44; zinc - 1.7; iron - 19.3; vitamin A - 1.05; vitamin E - 2.4; vitamin B ₂ - 0.15) and SportActive-2 (copper - 0.4; zinc - 4.5; iron - 52.0; vitamin A - 1.04; vitamin E - 2.8; vitamin B ₂ - 0 , 17), their total number in equal volumes (150 g each) of NKPP obtained by subjects with different body weights (MT), under identical conditions for taking the product (10 g of each NKPP for receiving) for 15 days and the dose of nutrients in mg / kg MT, obtained by each individual subject, based on personal MT.

Accordingly, the nutrient content in mg per 150 g is in Antitox: copper - 0.66; zinc - 2.55; iron - 28.95; Vitamin A - 1.575; vitamin E - 3.6; Vitamin B ₂ - 0.225 and SportActive-2: copper - 0.6; zinc - 6.75; iron - 78.0; vitamin A - 1.56; Vitamin E - 4.2; Vitamin B ₂ - 0.255. Nutrient Calculation Procedure

Based on the data on the value of nutrients in NKPP by simple arithmetic operations, the following were calculated: total (total for each individual vitamin and microelement) their amount in equal volumes (150 g each - only 300 g) NKPP obtained by subjects with different body weights (MT), under identical conditions for receiving the product (10 g each NKPP at the reception) for 15 days; then the dose of nutrients in mg / kg MT received individually by each subject, based on personal MT - the “calculated dose” of each nutrient (for example: the dose of vit.A in a total of 300 g of NKPP is 3.135 mg (or 0.209 mg of a single dose of 20 g of both products) - divided - into the athlete’s personal MT (suppose 70 kg) = “calculated dose” of Vit. A, obtained by this subject, is 0.045 mg / kg MT. For other athletes, the personal MT is 65 kg and 73.5 kg = "calculated dose" vit. A, obtained by the data of the examined, co Avit respectively -. 0.048 and 0.043 mg / kg BW Similar calculations are performed for all nutrients and for each test)..

3. We determined the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum of the subjects in μg / ml after completing the NKPP (Tables 1 and 2) and based on the difference in the concentrations of nutrients in the blood serum after and before taking the NKPP, we determined the dependence of the change - either increase or decrease, or zero value of their concentration in the studied dose range of the calculated dose in mg / kg MT received by the subjects.

The order of formation of the studied dose range and the dependence of changes in nutrient saturation in blood serum

With the same volumes of a specific nutrient received by each subject, his personal doses in mg / kg MT will be different from each other - the more MT the subject, the lower the dose and vice versa. At the same time, changes - indicators of vitamin-mineral saturation and morphofunctional state of the body, are expected to differ (positive, negative or zero value of the change). The magnitude of the change (difference) in the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum after taking NKPP (corresponding to different doses of the same nutrients received by different subjects), taking into account their initial concentration before taking NKPP, will make up the dependence of the presence or absence of changes in their concentration in the studied dose range (from lower to larger), from the value of the "calculated dose" in mg / kg MT received by the subjects.

Personal for each examined person and a specific nutrient, the “calculated doses”, placed along the horizontal abscissa from the lower dose to the larger dose, comprise the studied dose range for each individual nutrient (Table 3).

Numerically, the presence of a change in the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum is characterized by a value greater or less than "0" ("> 0" or "<0"), the absence of a change in concentrations corresponds to the value "0". Further, this binary sequence ("> 0" or "<0"; "0") is entered in a table in which each calculated dose corresponds to either the presence of a change in concentration or its absence.

4. The studied dose range is divided sequentially into sub-intervals of 4, 5, 6, 7 doses, in each of which the average values of the doses that fall into each sub-interval and, corresponding to these average doses, the average values of the change in the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum are calculated after and before product intake.

The procedure for choosing the number of doses in the subintervals and the number of subintervals

Accordingly, the number of sub-intervals in which there are 4 doses is greater than the sub-intervals of 5 doses, etc., for example, if the number of different calculated doses is 32, then the sub-intervals of 4 doses will be 8, 5 doses - 6, 6 doses - 5, 7 doses - 4 (extreme values of doses that do not fall exactly in the subinterval are discarded), tab. 3.

The choice of the minimum number of doses in the studied interval for dividing into subintervals is due to the fact that starting only with a subinterval of 4 doses, the corresponding changes in the concentration of nutrients in blood serum with these doses are guaranteed to include manifestations of the positive effect of saturation of the body with nutrients (changes in the concentration of nutrients "> 0").

, где Δ - величина допустимой случайной погрешности, z - значение границы доверительного интервала, соответствующее выбранному уровню доверительной вероятности, σ - стандартное отклонение показателя, среднее значение которого требуется определить. Как правило, σ>>Δ, однако для определения минимального значения N предположим, что σ≈Δ, при доверительной вероятности 0,95 величина z равна 1,96, поэтому минимальное значение N≈(1,96)²=3,8416≈4, т.е. минимальное число доз в каждом из подынтервалов равно 4.From mathematical statistics it is known that the sample size needed to estimate the average value (in this case, the number of doses N in the sub-interval for estimating the average dose in it) can be estimated by the formula $$N=\frac{z\sigma }{\Delta }$$

, where Δ is the value of the permissible random error, z is the value of the boundary of the confidence interval corresponding to the selected level of confidence, σ is the standard deviation of the indicator, the average value of which is to be determined. As a rule, σ >> Δ, however, to determine the minimum value of N, suppose that σ≈Δ, with a confidence probability of 0.95, the value of z is 1.96, therefore, the minimum value of N≈ (1.96) ² = 3.8416≈ 4, i.e. the minimum number of doses in each of the sub-ranges is 4.

In addition, the calculation of the average values of the doses that fall into each sub-interval and corresponding to these average doses, the average values of the change in the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum after and before taking the product - provides the construction of the smoothest graph of the dependence of the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum on the amount of individual dose consumed nutrients; which, in turn, allows you to most accurately, guaranteed to correctly determine the optimal dose of nutrients required to restore and maintain the vitamin-mineral saturation of the body within the reference values of the physiological norm.

The choice of the number of sub-intervals is determined by the condition of maximum use of the "studied dose interval" and by minimizing the extreme values of doses that do not fall exactly into the sub-interval, which are discarded.

In addition, it was experimentally established that a further increase in the number of doses in the sub-interval after "7" does not lead to a significant change in the research results.

5. Based on the obtained average values, a graph is built of the dependence of the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum (μg / ml) on the amount of the consumed dose of individual nutrients (mg / kg MT); fig. 1 (for example, vitamin E), Fig. 2 (for example, trace element copper).

6. For nutrients, the concentration of which in the blood serum is less than the physiological norm, on the basis of the dependence of the dose-change and taking into account the physiological norm of the daily intake of nutrients, as well as body weight and gender of the subjects, determine the optimal dose of nutrients required for recovery and maintaining the vitamin-mineral saturation of the body within the reference values of the physiological norm.

Examples of determining the doses of nutrients based on graphs (according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2)

Let's pretend that:

- the concentration of vitamin E in blood serum is less than the physiological norm by 4 μg / ml, then the recommended optimal dose for this vitamin for 15 days is 0.0065 mg / kg MT;

- the concentration of the trace element Cu in the blood serum is less than the physiological norm by 0.04 μg / ml, then the recommended optimal dose for this trace element for 15 days will be - 0.00173 mg / kg MT.

As the physiological norm of the nutrient in the blood serum (for calculations), the average value of its reference values of the physiological norm is taken. For example, if the reference value of the physiological norm of vitamin E in blood serum is from 8 to 18 μg / ml, then 13 μg / ml is taken as the physiological norm of vitamin E.

7. When the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum exceeds the physiological norm, it is recommended that nutrition status be corrected by a nutritionist, nutritionist.

Thus, in the materials of the given example, the steps of the algorithm are described by the method of choosing the optimal dose of vitamins and minerals for the adult population, designed to determine the optimal doses of vitamins and minerals that ensure the restoration and maintenance of saturation of the body of an adult within the physiological norm, with their lack or excess in blood serum, and due to this the preservation of metabolic balance.

Information sources

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Claims (2)

1. The method of choosing the optimal dose of vitamins and minerals for the adult population, including an algorithm for determining the doses of vitamins and minerals (nutrients) that restore and maintain the saturation of an adult's body within the physiological norm, with a deficiency or excess in blood serum, and due to this, the preservation of the metabolic balance: the initial concentration of nutrients in the blood serum of the subjects in μg / ml is determined by a laboratory method; determine the nutrient content in mg in natural raw materials - vegetables, fruits, berries, greens, cereals, prepared foods, synthetic vitamin, mineral and / or vitamin-mineral complexes, natural concentrated foods (NKPP) - in the product, their total amount is the same the volume of product obtained by subjects with different body weights (MT) under identical conditions for receiving the product, and the dose of nutrients in mg / kg MT received by each subject; determine the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum of the subjects in μg / ml after taking the product and on the basis of the difference in the concentrations of nutrients in the blood serum after and before taking the product, determine the dependence of the change — either increase or decrease, or zero value of their concentration in μg / ml in the studied the dose range from the calculated dose in mg / kg MT received by the subjects; the studied dose range is divided sequentially into sub-intervals of 4, 5, 6, 7 doses, in each of which the average values of doses falling into each sub-interval and the average values of changes in the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum after and before taking the product are calculated; based on the obtained average values, a graph is built of the dependence of the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum in μg / ml on the amount of the consumed dose of individual nutrients in mg / kg MT; for nutrients whose concentration in the blood serum is lower than the physiological norm, based on the dose-change graph and taking into account the physiological norm of daily nutrient intake, as well as body weight and gender of the subjects, determine the optimal dose of nutrients required to restore and maintain vitamin - Mineral saturation of the body within the reference values of the physiological norm; when the concentration of nutrients in the blood serum exceeds the physiological norm, it is recommended that nutrition status be corrected by a nutritionist or nutritionist. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that it allows you to effectively carry out the correction of vitamin and mineral saturation of the body of any adult, taking into account individual physiological needs and the level of functional activity.

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