RU2556900C1 - Device for localisation of oil spills on river and method for its installation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: device includes a rope and an enclosure in the form of floating sections of a guard boom, which are connected to each other Ends of extreme sections and the rope are fixed on opposite river banks. The rope is fixed above river surface and sliding rings are freely put on it. Ends of the enclosure and connection points of the sections are connected to the corresponding rings by means of carriers of the corresponding length. An installation method of the device consists in installation of the enclosure at an angle to river flow direction. First, the rope with rings put on it is drawn above the river surface. The enclosure is towed along the rope to the opposite bank and sections are connected in series to the corresponding rings by means of the carriers.

EFFECT: reliability, durability and efficiency of installation of an enclosure to prevent oil spreading.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the protection of the environment, in particular to the fencing of part of the river, to prevent the spread of oil and oil products on the water surface, in particular in the event of an accident at an oil pipeline crossing the river.

Known devices for the localization of oil spills made of inflatable elastic shells, for example, UK patent 1594698, Belgian patent 703356, USSR copyright certificate 1465488, Japanese applications 4-40488, 4-48889. The design of these barriers is such that for setting the barrage, it is necessary to pre-fill the elastic shell with air or gas, and then install the barrier using a boat. Such barriers effectively localize oil spills in calm water and on not wide rivers.

However, on fast-flowing rivers, the creation of a barrier is required, which is set in a straight line, because the presence of a bend (arc) in the line of the fence leads to the diving of the oil slick under the boom (BZ). This is difficult to do on wide rivers, when you need to line up 50 or more ten-meter sections of the BZ.

A device for the localization of oil spills on rivers according to the patent of Russia No. 2192516. This device for the localization of oil spills includes a barrier in the form of an elastic inflatable shell, a pipeline connected to a source of compressed gas installed on the shore of the reservoir, and connected to an elastic shell, moreover, the elastic shell is multi-sectional. The setting of this device is as follows. In good weather, in a straight line, the required number of anchors is installed, to which sections of the boom are fixed. Then the boom is flooded. In this position, the fence can be for a long time, without interfering with shipping. If necessary, compressed gas is supplied to the sections, they float, blocking the spread of the oil slick. This device effectively and reliably blocks the spread of oil pollution, it can withstand quite high loads and can be used on wide rivers with a fast flow. The method of setting such a barrier is quick and does not require much preparatory work at the time of the accident on the pipeline, but requires the constant presence of at least 2 people to protect the equipment and the barrier.

A device for the localization of oil spills on rivers, in the form of interconnected floating sections of the base, made, for example, according to TU 4834-011-20504853-98, which are mounted on anchors. This device is the closest analogue.

A known method of setting up a device for the localization of oil spills on rivers, which consists in the preliminary installation of anchors at the bottom of the river, to which the joints of the sections of the base are sequentially attached. This method is the closest analogue of the method.

The known device and method allows you to localize the oil spill on the river, and the fence is located in a straight line from coast to coast at an angle to the flow of the river. This device can withstand sufficient pressure from the side of the river and sufficient tensile force.

However, in case of emergency setting, a large amount of time is required for the installation of anchors (with a base length of 500-900 m, 50-90 anchors are needed), this time increases significantly under adverse weather conditions (fog, rain, wind, night, etc.), which makes it impossible quickly localize oil spills.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient, reliable, durable, easy-to-use device for the localization of oil spills, as well as a quick and easy way to set up the specified device.

To solve this problem, as well as the closest analogue, the proposed device for the localization of oil spills on the river contains a fence in the form of interconnected floating sections of the boom, the ends of the extreme sections are fixed on opposite banks of the river.

The difference is that it additionally contains a cable with freely sliding rings mounted on it, which is fixed on opposite banks of the river above its surface, and the ends of the fence and the junction of the sections are connected to the respective rings using leashes of the appropriate length.

As the closest analogue, the proposed method of setting up a device for localizing oil spills on a river is to install a fence from connected floating sections of the BR from shore to shore at an angle to the direction of the river.

The difference lies in the fact that previously a cable is pulled over the surface of the river with freely sliding rings put on it, and the fence is set up by towing the fence along the cable to the opposite bank with the connection of the docking sections of the sections of the BR to the corresponding rings with leashes of the appropriate length.

Figure 1 presents the location of the proposed device for the localization of oil spills on the river, a top view, figure 2 is the same side view.

A device for the localization of oil spills on the river contains a fence 1 in the form of connected (docked) floating sections 2 BZ. On the opposite banks of the river 3, 4, on the supports 5, a cable 6 is fixed with freely sliding rings put on it 7. Cable 6 is fixed on the opposite banks of the river above its surface. The ends of the fence 1 and the junction of the sections 2 BZ connected to the respective rings 7 using leads 8 of the corresponding length. To tension the BZ use a manual winch 9, to tension the cable 6 use a powerful winch 10.

The fence 1 is installed along the cable stretched over the river at an angle α relative to the axis of the river.

For example, as the calculations show, for the river velocity V = 1 m / s, the angle of the BR installation is α = 18 °. In this case, with a river width of 270 m, the length of the BS is 900 m, i.e. 90 ten-meter sections of the knowledge base. In this case, the cable with the condition of providing a margin of safety must withstand a working load of at least 8 tons, and the tensile strength must be at least 12 tons. The cable can be steel, synthetic, vegetable, floating.

The method of setting up a device for localizing oil spills on a river is as follows:

In case of an accident at the oil pipeline, with the help of a boating boat, a cable 6 is brought to the opposite bank and fixed on pre-prepared supports (piles) 5 above the river at an altitude of about 2-3 m. Supports 5 are pre-installed taking into account the speed of the river and, therefore, taking into account the installation angle of the BZ. The cable can be installed in advance and laid on the ground.

Using a winch 10 on the shore 4, the cable 6 is pulled. Sagging cable 6 is inevitable in two planes: vertical under the influence of the weight of the cable and horizontal under the influence of the pressure of water on the base. Alignment of the BZ line is provided by fitting the leash length in place. This ensures that the BZ is installed in a line at a given angle to the axis of the river flow, regardless of the sag of the cable. These actions (adjusting the cable 6 and the length of the leashes 8) are preferably carried out in advance, in good weather and visibility. The setting of the BZ is carried out by towing it to the opposite bank, with the serial connection of the docking sections 2 of the BZ to the corresponding rings 7 using leashes 8 of the corresponding length.

The proposed solution allows you to quickly create a reliable fence to prevent oil spreading during an accident.

Claims (2)

1. A device for localizing oil spills on a river, including a fence in the form of interconnected floating sections of a boom, the ends of the extreme sections are fixed on opposite banks of the river, characterized in that it further comprises a cable with freely sliding rings mounted on it, which is fixed on the opposite banks of the river above its surface, and the ends of the fence and the junction of the sections are connected to the respective rings using leashes of the appropriate length. 2. The method of setting up a device for localizing oil spills on a river, which consists in installing a fence from interconnected floating sections of a boom from coast to coast at an angle to the direction of the river’s flow, characterized in that a cable is pulled over the surface of the river with it loose with sliding rings, and the setting of boom sections is carried out by towing the boom to the opposite bank, with the serial connection of the docking sections of the boom sections barriers to the respective rings with leashes of the appropriate length.

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