EP2789552B1 - Offshore device with two-stage holding system - Google Patents

Offshore device with two-stage holding system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2789552B1
EP2789552B1 EP13163605.2A EP13163605A EP2789552B1 EP 2789552 B1 EP2789552 B1 EP 2789552B1 EP 13163605 A EP13163605 A EP 13163605A EP 2789552 B1 EP2789552 B1 EP 2789552B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
offshore
offshore installation
seabed
anchor
secured
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EP13163605.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2789552A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Jacob Hvide
Andrea Rosponi
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Tractebel Overdick GmbH
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Overdick GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to EP13163605.2A priority Critical patent/EP2789552B1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2014/057388 priority patent/WO2014167101A1/en
Priority to MYPI2015002524A priority patent/MY175646A/en
Publication of EP2789552A1 publication Critical patent/EP2789552A1/en
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Publication of EP2789552B1 publication Critical patent/EP2789552B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/78—Large containers for use in or under water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an offshore facility and a method for offshore foundation of the offshore facility.
  • Offshore facilities such as oil rigs, tidal power plants, wind turbines, etc. can be established for permanent offshore whereabouts on the seabed.
  • the foundations required for this purpose, such as piles, foundations, etc., are technically complex and cost-intensive.
  • offshore facilities such as offshore tanks, which float on the surface of the sea and are kept at a location by means of an anchor system.
  • offshore facilities such as offshore tanks, which float on the surface of the sea and are kept at a location by means of an anchor system.
  • the issue of intermediate crude storage is important if there are no pipeline direct pipeline connections, since the platform usually can not provide intermediate storage for capacity reasons.
  • One common system for intermediate storage of extracted crude oil may be a Floating Storage Unit (FSU) or FSO (Floating Storage and Offloading) or FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading), ie a tanker converted for temporary storage .
  • FSU Floating Storage Unit
  • FSO Floating Storage and Offloading
  • FPSO Floating Production Storage and Offloading
  • Another common precaution for intermediate storage of the extracted crude oil may be a tank system at the bottom of the sea, a so-called Mat tank, integrated directly below the platform into the foundation structure.
  • the crude oil accumulated in the FSU, FSO, FPSO or Mat-Tank is then released from time to time to a shuttle tanker, which brings the crude oil to the coast.
  • FSUs, FSOs and FPSOs A disadvantage of the FSUs, FSOs and FPSOs is that the costs and the availability depend heavily on the market situation and they are manned, which generates high running costs due to the required high security level.
  • FSUs, FSOs and FPSOs are exposed to severe environmental burdens, as wind, currents and waves strike directly at the FSUs, FSOs and FPSOs.
  • the anchor system must therefore be designed for high loads and redundant. Mat tanks in turn have the disadvantage that they are firmly integrated into the foundation structures and are therefore difficult to access for maintenance.
  • the offshore installation secured on a seabed according to the invention has a two-stage offshore holding system with which the offshore facility is kept at the bottom of the sea.
  • the two-stage offshore holding system includes a gravity foundation and an anchor system.
  • offshore facility In addition to drilling rigs, it also includes, in particular, offshore installations, which are arranged completely below a sea surface after the foundation of gravity, particularly preferably, the offshore installation can be designed as an offshore tank.
  • a gravity foundation device is here to understand a device that allows by the action of gravity on the offshore facility lowering the device to the seabed and the offshore facility founded by the gravitational effect on the seabed.
  • the gravity foundation device secures the offshore facility in a first stage against slippage on the seabed by operating loads acting on the offshore facility to a limit state of operating loads.
  • the gravity foundation device is designed for the expected operating loads.
  • the anchor system secures the offshore installation in a second stage against slippage on the seabed by extreme loads acting on the offshore installation, beyond the limit of operating loads.
  • the anchor system is designed for the higher extreme loads compared to the operating loads.
  • the two-stage offshore holding system consisting of combined gravity foundation device for the operating load case and additional anchor system for the extreme load case solves the problems mentioned.
  • the offshore device Although acting on the established offshore facility extreme loads, the offshore device from a predetermined foundation area slip, but according to the invention, the offshore tank can not slip arbitrarily far.
  • An outer limits of slippage determining slipping range is given by the anchor system.
  • the anchor system secures the offshore tank within the slip range even in extreme load situations.
  • the gravity-establishing device comprises at least one protrusion protruding from the sea-side of the offshore device, which burrows into the foundation region during the foundation of gravity.
  • the at least one projection can be designed differently. In a loose seabed, it is preferably designed as an apron. However, it can also have thorns, especially when the seabed is firmer.
  • the anchor system conveniently has a plurality of anchors arranged in the seabed and in each case an outgoing from each of the anchors anchor chain to a fastening device on the offshore device.
  • the offshore facility is floatable and lowerable again.
  • the offshore facility is mobile.
  • the anchor chains are dimensioned so that they allow floating of the slipped offshore facility and the floated offshore facility is pulled back to Lokation by self-weights of the anchor chains, so the anchor system relocalises the offshore facility.
  • the resuspendable offshore facility significantly facilitates maintenance and inspections against offshore facilities permanently and permanently established on the seabed.
  • the offshore facility can also be easily towed to another location after floating.
  • the offshore facility is designed as an offshore tank.
  • the offshore tank is provided for the storage, in particular temporary storage of at least one liquid medium in a plurality of storage chambers.
  • the at least one liquid medium may in particular be a crude oil-containing medium or crude oil.
  • the offshore tank preferably comprises at least one ballast chamber and at least one air chamber.
  • the air chambers and storage chambers can be controlled filled with the at least one liquid medium, so that the offshore tank is founded by the action of gravity and dig the aprons in the seabed.
  • the gravity-activated offshore tank is secured against slipping up to the limit of operating loads.
  • the offshore tank can slip within the slip area.
  • the anchor system secures the established offshore tank in the slip area even at extreme loads.
  • the established offshore tank remains usable even after slipping within the slip area. It can therefore continue to be filled with the at least one liquid medium.
  • the anchor system allows in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the automatic relocation of the offshore tank.
  • the anchor chains exert directed tensile forces on the floating offshore tank at location, ie the area of the sea level that is vertically above the predetermined foundation area.
  • the anchoring chains arranged on the floating offshore tank are preferably designed such that the anchors are positioned far enough from one another that the offshore tank is automatically pulled to location in calm seas by the tensile forces of the anchor chains.
  • a filling and removal device for the at least one storage chamber and / or air chamber with the at least one liquid medium is provided.
  • the device is designed as at least one flexible supply hose for the at least one liquid medium and the air.
  • the supply hose may also include cables for powering and controlling systems integrated into the offshore tank.
  • an anchor system is designed at a predetermined foundation area, the offshore facility is moved to location above the predetermined foundation area, the anchor system is connected to the offshore facility, and the offshore facility is established by gravity at the predetermined foundation area.
  • the anchor system may be designed simultaneously prior to or after the offshore installation has been moved.
  • Gravity foundation keeps the offshore facility under the operating loads in the predetermined foundation area. In extreme load cases, the offshore installation can slip within the slip area.
  • the offshore facility moved from the foundation area to the seabed is floated, the anchorage system exerts tensile forces on the floating offshore facility and the floating offshore facility relocates automatically.
  • the relocalized offshore facility is re-established on the predetermined foundation area.
  • the method is particularly suitable for implementation with one of the abovementioned offshore tanks.
  • the in FIG. 1 shown offshore tank 1 has a hull 6 and arranged along an underwater side of the hull 6 ballast chamber 3 and a plurality in the interior of the hull 6 meeresgroundabseitg the ballast chambers 3 arranged storage chambers 4. At the sea bottom side area air chambers 9 are arranged.
  • the ballast chambers 3 are arranged along the entire underwater side of the hull 6.
  • the ballast chambers 3 are filled with ballast.
  • ballast for example, barite having a density of about 4.0 g / cm 3 or concrete having a density of about 2.3 g / cm 3 is used. Gravel or gravel can also be used.
  • the ballast chambers 3 are so far filled with ballast that the offshore tank 1 at completely emptied, ie completely filled with air, air chambers 9 floats on a sea surface 7.
  • the offshore tank 1 can be towed from a port offshore to location in the 'wet tow' method.
  • the storage chambers 4 would also be emptied and completely filled with air.
  • the floating offshore tank 1 is in Fig. 1 shown.
  • the hull 6 tapers away from a seabed 31 in order to provide an oblique attack surface to the horizontal forces on the seabed 31 after a gravity foundation.
  • the storage chambers 4 are separated by bulkheads 8.
  • the storage chambers 4 are used to receive crude oil, which is conveyed via a (not shown) oil platform from a deposit and stored in the offshore tank 1.
  • the storage chambers 4 extend over the entire horizontal extent of the offshore tank 1.
  • the storage chambers 4 a plurality of air chambers 9 is provided.
  • the air clamps 9 are used to hold air or in the gravitational foundation also for receiving seawater to at least temporarily generate additional ballast.
  • apron 44 is arranged at the underwater side of the hull 6 a projecting in the direction of the seabed 31 .
  • the skirt 44 completely surrounds the underwater side of the offshore tank 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section at the level of the storage chambers 4 in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 shows the drawn on location offshore tank 1 with ballasted ballast chambers 3 and air-filled storage chambers 4 and air chambers 9.
  • the weight of the ballast and the size of the storage chambers 4 are dimensioned so that the offshore tank 1, if at least the air chambers 9 completely filled with air, floating.
  • the pulled on location offshore tank 1 is anchored by means of a previously designed, automatically relocalizing anchor system 30 in the seabed 31.
  • the anchor system 30 comprises a plurality of anchors 32 inserted in the seabed 31, of which in each case an anchor chain 33 leads to an eyelet 34 arranged on an outer shell 2 of the offshore tank 1.
  • the length of the anchor chains 33 and the arrangement of the eyelets 34 on the outer shell 2 of the offshore tank 1 are dimensioned so that the anchor chains 33 sag somewhat and thereby independently pull the offshore tank 1 to location over a predetermined foundation area 31a.
  • the predetermined foundation area 31a may be prepared by removing stones, rocks thereon and compensating for severe unevenness.
  • the offshore tank 1 is anchored in the vicinity of an oil platform, not shown.
  • Fig. 4 shows the lowered to the seabed 31 offshore tank 1.
  • seawater is first admitted into the storage chambers 4.
  • the storage chambers 4 are filled so far that the offshore tank 1 still floats.
  • the offshore tank 1 drops due to the effect of gravity on the predetermined foundation area 31a.
  • An underwater side of the fuselage 6 of the offshore tank 1 has the skirt 44, which digs into the foundation region 31 a by the force of gravity when lowering the offshore tank 1 and anchors and holds the offshore tank 1 in the predetermined foundation region 31 a.
  • the skirt 44 keeps the offshore tank 1 in the foundation area 31a at operating loads up to the limit state of the operating loads.
  • the established offshore tank 1 can slip on the seabed 31 within a slipping region 31b.
  • the size of the slipping area 31b is determined by the length of the anchor chains 33 and the distance of the Anchor 32 from the offshore tank 1 and the associated eyelet 34 determined.
  • the slipping is in Fig. 4 characterized by two double arrows.
  • the offshore tank 1 and the ballast are dimensioned so that the offshore tank 1 in completely filled with crude oil storage chambers 4 and seawater filled air chambers 9, solely by gravity to the limit state of serviceability rests non-slip on the foundation area 31a.
  • the anchor system 30 is greatly relieved compared to anchoring permanently floating offshore tanks 1.
  • the environmental impact of waves, wind and current on the offshore tank 1 are greatly reduced at the seabed 31 with respect to the sea surface 7.
  • the environmental impact is very low, so that the extreme load case does not occur. What is meant by greater depths depends on the location of the foundation area 31a.
  • the environmental impact can be very low in some locations at 20-30m or in other locations only from depths of 50 m.
  • the anchor chains 33 and armature 32 engage only when, in an extreme load case, the off-hop tank 1, despite the skirt 44, slips out of the foundation region 31a, ie the operating loads exceed the limit state of the operating loads. Even the extreme loads arising in extreme load cases are significantly lower than those caused by waves, wind, etc. a floating offshore tank 1 attacking environmental pollution.
  • the anchor system 30 only needs to be designed for the greatly reduced extreme loads on the seabed.
  • the offshore tank 1 After an extreme load case on the seabed 31, the offshore tank 1 is controlled to float by 9 air is pumped into the air chambers.
  • the floated offshore tank 1 relocated automatically by the tensile force of the anchor chains 33 to location directly above the foundation area 31 a. He is, after being relocalized, founded again by flooding the air chambers 9 with seawater.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Offshore-Einrichtung sowie ein Verfahren zur Offshore-Gründung der Offshore-Einrichtung.The invention relates to an offshore facility and a method for offshore foundation of the offshore facility.

Offshore-Einrichtungen wie Ölbohrinseln, Gezeitenkraftwerke, Windkraftanlagen usw. können zum dauerhaften Offshore-Verbleib auf dem Meeresgrund gegründet werden. Die dafür nötigen Gründungseinrichtungen wie Pfähle, in den Meeresgrund eingebrachte Fundamente usw. sind technisch aufwändig und kostenintensiv.Offshore facilities such as oil rigs, tidal power plants, wind turbines, etc. can be established for permanent offshore whereabouts on the seabed. The foundations required for this purpose, such as piles, foundations, etc., are technically complex and cost-intensive.

Aus der US 2012/0045285 A1 ist eine Abschlusskappe für ein Offshore-Bohrloch bekannt, die über ein Offshore-Bohrloch gesetzt werden kann. Die Abschlusskappe ist zweifach mittels einer umlaufenden Stahlschürze und zusätzlich mit einem Ankersystem am Meeresboden gegen jegliches Verrutschen gesichert. Dieses Dokument offenbart eine auf einem Meeresgrund gesicherte Offshore-Einrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.From the US 2012/0045285 A1 is an end cap for an offshore well known that can be placed over an offshore well. The end cap is double secured by a surrounding steel apron and additionally with an anchoring system on the seabed against any slipping. This document discloses an offshore facility secured on a seabed according to the preamble of claim 1.

In der US 2006/0225810 A1 ist ein Sarkophag für ein Schiffswrack offenbart, der zunächst mit leichter Flüssigkeit gefüllt auf dem Wasser aufschwimmt und über das Schiffswrack verbracht werden kann. Über dem Wrack wird die leichte Flüssigkeit durch Meerwasser ersetzt, und der Sarkophag sinkt langsam über dem Schiffswrack ab. Der Sarkophag wird mittels gespannter Kabel und mittels Ankern in einer Position auf dem Meeresgrund fixiert.In the US 2006/0225810 A1 is a sarcophagus for a shipwreck revealed that floats initially filled with light liquid on the water and can be spent on the shipwreck. Above the wreck, the light liquid is replaced by seawater, and the sarcophagus slowly sinks above the shipwreck. The sarcophagus is fixed by means of tensioned cables and anchors in a position on the seabed.

Auf der anderen Seite existieren Offshore-Einrichtungen wie Offshore-Tanks, die auf der Meeresoberfläche aufschwimmen und mittels eines Ankersystems auf Lokation gehalten werden. Beispielsweise ist bei der Förderung von Rohöl aus Lagerstätten im Offshore-Bereich mittels Plattformen die Frage der Zwischenlagerung des Rohöls von Bedeutung, wenn keine direkten Pipelineanbindungen der Plattform bestehen, da die Plattform aus Gründen der Kapazität üblicherweise die Zwischenlagerung nicht selbst leisten kann.On the other hand, there are offshore facilities, such as offshore tanks, which float on the surface of the sea and are kept at a location by means of an anchor system. For example, in offshore offshore oil production offshore oil mining, the issue of intermediate crude storage is important if there are no pipeline direct pipeline connections, since the platform usually can not provide intermediate storage for capacity reasons.

Ein übliches System zur Zwischenlagerung von gefördertem Rohöl kann eine in direkter Nähe der Plattform verankerte FSU (Floating Storage Unit) oder FSO (Floating Storage and Offloading) oder FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Off-Ioading) sein, also ein für die Zwischenlagerung umgebauter Tanker. Eine weitere übliche Vorkehrung zur Zwischenlagerung des geförderten Rohöls kann ein direkt unterhalb der Plattform in die Gründungsstruktur integriertes Tanksystem am Meeresgrund, ein sogenannter Mat-Tank sein. Das in der FSU, FSO, FPSO oder im Mat-Tank angesammelte Rohöl wird dann von Zeit zu Zeit an einen Shuttle-Tanker abgegeben, der das Rohöl an die Küste bringt.One common system for intermediate storage of extracted crude oil may be a Floating Storage Unit (FSU) or FSO (Floating Storage and Offloading) or FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading), ie a tanker converted for temporary storage , Another common precaution for intermediate storage of the extracted crude oil may be a tank system at the bottom of the sea, a so-called Mat tank, integrated directly below the platform into the foundation structure. The crude oil accumulated in the FSU, FSO, FPSO or Mat-Tank is then released from time to time to a shuttle tanker, which brings the crude oil to the coast.

Nachteilig an den FSUs, FSOs und FPSOs ist, dass die Kosten und die Verfügbarkeit stark von der Marktlage abhängen und sie bemannt sind, was durch das erforderliche hohe Sicherheitsniveau hohe laufende Kosten generiert. Zusätzlich sind FSUs, FSOs und FPSOs starken Umweltlasten ausgesetzt, da Wind, Strömung und Wellenschlag direkt an den FSUs, FSOs und FPSOs angreifen. Das Ankersystem muss daher für hohe Lasten und redundant ausgelegt werden. Mat-Tanks wiederum haben den Nachteil, dass sie in die Gründungsstrukturen fest integriert sind und daher für Wartungen schwer zugänglich sind.A disadvantage of the FSUs, FSOs and FPSOs is that the costs and the availability depend heavily on the market situation and they are manned, which generates high running costs due to the required high security level. In addition, FSUs, FSOs and FPSOs are exposed to severe environmental burdens, as wind, currents and waves strike directly at the FSUs, FSOs and FPSOs. The anchor system must therefore be designed for high loads and redundant. Mat tanks in turn have the disadvantage that they are firmly integrated into the foundation structures and are therefore difficult to access for maintenance.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine eingangs genannte auf einem Meeresgrund gesicherte Einrichtung sowie ein Verfahren zur Offshore-Gründung mit einer solchen Offshore-Einrichtung zur Verfügung zu stellen, die bzw. das die genannten Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermeidet oder zumindest verringert.It is therefore an object of the present invention, an initially mentioned on a seabed secure device and a method for offshore foundation with such an offshore facility to provide that or avoids the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned or at least reduced.

Hinsichtlich der Vorrichtung wird die Aufgabe durch eine auf einem Meeresgrund gesicherte Offshore-Einrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.With regard to the device, the object is achieved by a secured on a seabed offshore device with the features of claim 1. Preferred developments are subject of the dependent claims.

Die erfindungsgemäße auf einem Meeresgrund gesicherte Offshore-Einrichtung weist ein zweistufiges Offshore-Haltesystem auf, mit dem die Offshore-Einrichtung am Meeresgrund gehalten wird. Das zweistufige Offshore-Haltesystem umfasst eine Schwerkraft-Gründungseinrichtung und ein Ankersystem.The offshore installation secured on a seabed according to the invention has a two-stage offshore holding system with which the offshore facility is kept at the bottom of the sea. The two-stage offshore holding system includes a gravity foundation and an anchor system.

Der Begriff der Offshore-Einrichtung ist hier allgemein zu verstehen. Er umfasst neben Bohrinseln, Energiegewinnungsanlagen insbesondere auch Offshore-Einrichtungen, die nach einer Schwerkraftgründung vollständig unterhalb einer Meeresoberfläche angeordnet sind, besonders bevorzugt kann die Offshore-Einrichtung als Offshore-Tank ausgebildet sein.The term offshore facility is to be understood here in general terms. In addition to drilling rigs, it also includes, in particular, offshore installations, which are arranged completely below a sea surface after the foundation of gravity, particularly preferably, the offshore installation can be designed as an offshore tank.

Unter einer Schwerkraft-Gründungseinrichtung ist hier eine Einrichtung zu verstehen, die durch das Einwirken der Schwerkraft auf die Offshore-Einrichtung ein Absenken der Einrichtung zum Meeresgrund ermöglicht und die Offshore-Einrichtung durch die Schwerkrafteinwirkung am Meeresgrund gründet.Under a gravity foundation device is here to understand a device that allows by the action of gravity on the offshore facility lowering the device to the seabed and the offshore facility founded by the gravitational effect on the seabed.

Die Schwerkraft-Gründungseinrichtung sichert die Offshore-Einrichtung in einer ersten Stufe gegen ein Verrutschen auf dem Meeresgrund durch auf die Offshore-Einrichtung wirkende Betriebslasten bis zu einem Grenzzustand der Betriebslasten. Die Schwerkraft-Gründungseinrichtung ist auf die zu erwartenden Betriebslasten ausgelegt.The gravity foundation device secures the offshore facility in a first stage against slippage on the seabed by operating loads acting on the offshore facility to a limit state of operating loads. The gravity foundation device is designed for the expected operating loads.

Das Ankersystem sichert die Offshore-Einrichtung in einer zweiten Stufe gegen ein Verrutschen auf dem Meeresgrund durch auf die Offshore-Einrichtung wirkende, jenseits des Grenzzustandes der Betriebslasten liegende Extremlasten. Das Ankersystem ist auf die gegenüber den Betriebslasten höheren Extremlasten ausgelegt.The anchor system secures the offshore installation in a second stage against slippage on the seabed by extreme loads acting on the offshore installation, beyond the limit of operating loads. The anchor system is designed for the higher extreme loads compared to the operating loads.

Betriebs- wie auch Extremlasten werden durch sich überlagernde Umweltlasten gebildet. Insbesondere bei Gründungen in geringen Wassertiefen von 20 oder 30 Metern können erhebliche horizontale Umweltlasten am Meeresgrund aus Wellenschlag und Meeresströmung auftreten sowie vertikale Lasten durch abhebende Kräfte hinzukommen. In größeren Tiefen nimmt der Einfluss der Umweltlasten stetig ab, und der Anteil der Haltesicherheit nimmt durch die Schwerkraft-Gründungseinrichtung stetig zu. Im Extremlastfall ULS (ultimate limit state), den sogenannten 100-Jahres-Bedingungen können die Umweltlasten so groß sein, dass die Schwerkraft-Gründungseinrichtung den Umweltlasten nicht mehr Stand hält und die Offshore Einrichtung aus einem Gründungsbereich heraus verrutscht.Operating as well as extreme loads are formed by overlapping environmental burdens. In particular, foundations in shallow water depths of 20 or 30 meters, significant horizontal environmental pollution on the seabed from wave impact and ocean currents occur as well as vertical loads added by contrasting forces. In greater depths, the influence of environmental pollution steadily decreases, and the proportion of retaining safety increases steadily by the gravity foundation. In the extreme load case ULS (ultimate limit state), the so-called 100-year conditions, the environmental loads can be so great that the gravity foundation device can no longer withstand the environmental impact and the offshore facility slips out of a foundation area.

Das zweistufige Offshore-Haltesystem aus kombinierter Schwerkraft-Gründungseinrichtung für den Betriebslastfall und zusätzlichem Ankersystem für den Extremlastfall löst die genannten Probleme.The two-stage offshore holding system consisting of combined gravity foundation device for the operating load case and additional anchor system for the extreme load case solves the problems mentioned.

Durch auf die gegründete Offshore-Einrichtung wirkende Extremlasten kann die Offshore-Einrichtung aus einem vorbestimmten Gründungsbereich zwar verrutschen, erfindungsgemäß kann der Offshore-Tank dennoch nicht beliebig weit verrutschen. Ein äußere Grenzen des Verrutschens bestimmender Verrutschbereich ist durch das Ankersystem gegeben. Das Ankersystem sichert den Offshore-Tank innerhalb des Verrutschbereichs auch im Extremlastfall.Although acting on the established offshore facility extreme loads, the offshore device from a predetermined foundation area slip, but according to the invention, the offshore tank can not slip arbitrarily far. An outer limits of slippage determining slipping range is given by the anchor system. The anchor system secures the offshore tank within the slip range even in extreme load situations.

Vorzugsweise umfasst die Schwerkraft-Gründungsgeinrichtung wenigstens einen meeresgrundseitig von der Offshore-Einrichtung abstehenden Vorsprung, der sich bei der Schwerkraftgründung in den Gründungsbereich eingräbt.Preferably, the gravity-establishing device comprises at least one protrusion protruding from the sea-side of the offshore device, which burrows into the foundation region during the foundation of gravity.

Der wenigstens eine Vorsprung kann verschieden ausgebildet sein. Bei lockerem Meeresgrund ist er vorzugsweise als Schürze ausgebildet. Insbesondere bei festerem Meeresgrund kann er aber auch Dornen aufweisen.The at least one projection can be designed differently. In a loose seabed, it is preferably designed as an apron. However, it can also have thorns, especially when the seabed is firmer.

Das Ankersystem weist günstigerweise eine Mehrzahl von im Meeresgrund angeordneter Anker und jeweils eine von jedem der Anker abgehende Ankerkette zu einer Befestigungseinrichtung an der Offshore-Einrichtung auf.The anchor system conveniently has a plurality of anchors arranged in the seabed and in each case an outgoing from each of the anchors anchor chain to a fastening device on the offshore device.

Die Offshore-Einrichtung ist aufschwimmbar und wieder absenkbar ausgebildet. Die Offshore-Einrichtung ist dabei mobil ausgebildet. Dabei sind die Ankerketten so dimensioniert, dass sie ein Aufschwimmen der verrutschten Offshore-Einrichtung gestatten und die aufgeschwommenen Offshore-Einrichtung durch Eigengewichte der Ankerketten wieder zurück auf Lokation gezogen wird, das Ankersystem die Offshore-Einrichtung also relokalisiert. Die wieder aufschwimmbare Offshore-Einrichtung erleichtert Wartungsarbeiten und Inspektionen gegenüber fest und dauerhaft am Meeresgrund gegründeten Offshore-Einrichtungen erheblich. Die Offshore-Einrichtung kann auch sehr leicht nach dem Aufschwimmen auf eine andere Lakation geschleppt werden.The offshore facility is floatable and lowerable again. The offshore facility is mobile. In this case, the anchor chains are dimensioned so that they allow floating of the slipped offshore facility and the floated offshore facility is pulled back to Lokation by self-weights of the anchor chains, so the anchor system relocalises the offshore facility. The resuspendable offshore facility significantly facilitates maintenance and inspections against offshore facilities permanently and permanently established on the seabed. The offshore facility can also be easily towed to another location after floating.

Günstigerweise ist die Offshore-Einrichtung als Offshore-Tank ausgebildet.Conveniently, the offshore facility is designed as an offshore tank.

Der Offshore-Tank ist für die Speicherung, insbesondere Zwischenspeicherung wenigstens eines flüssigen Mediums in einer Mehrzahl an Speicherkammern vorgesehen. Das wenigstens eine flüssige Medium kann insbesondere ein rohölhaltiges Medium oder Rohöl sein. Der Offshore-Tank umfasst vorzugsweise wenigstens eine Ballastkammer und wenigstens eine Luftkammer. Die Luftkammern und Speicherkammern können gesteuert mit dem wenigstens einen flüssigen Medium befüllt werden, so dass sich der Offshore-Tank durch die Einwirkung der Schwerkraft gründet und sich die Schürzen in den Meeresgrund eingraben. Der durch Schwerkrafteinwirkung gegründete Offshore-Tank ist bis zum Grenzzustand der Betriebslasten gegen Verrutschen gesichert.The offshore tank is provided for the storage, in particular temporary storage of at least one liquid medium in a plurality of storage chambers. The at least one liquid medium may in particular be a crude oil-containing medium or crude oil. The offshore tank preferably comprises at least one ballast chamber and at least one air chamber. The air chambers and storage chambers can be controlled filled with the at least one liquid medium, so that the offshore tank is founded by the action of gravity and dig the aprons in the seabed. The gravity-activated offshore tank is secured against slipping up to the limit of operating loads.

Im Extremlastfall kann der Offshore-Tank innerhalb des Verrutschbereichs verrutschen. Das Ankersystem sichert den gegründeten Offshore-Tank im Verrutschbereich auch bei Extremlasten. Der gegründete Offshore-Tank bleibt auch nach einem Verrutschen innerhalb des Verrutschbereichs weiter gebrauchstauglich. Er kann also weiterhin mit dem wenigstens einen flüssigen Medium befüllt werden.In extreme loads, the offshore tank can slip within the slip area. The anchor system secures the established offshore tank in the slip area even at extreme loads. The established offshore tank remains usable even after slipping within the slip area. It can therefore continue to be filled with the at least one liquid medium.

Darüber hinaus ermöglicht das Ankersystem in einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung die automatische Relokalisierung des Offshore-Tanks.In addition, the anchor system allows in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the automatic relocation of the offshore tank.

Die Ankerketten üben auf den aufschwimmenden Offshore-Tank auf Lokation, also den Bereich des Meeresspiegels, der vertikal über dem vorbestimmten Gründungsbereich angeordnet ist, gerichtete Zugkräfte aus. Dazu sind die am aufschwimmenden Offshore-Tank angeordneten Ankerketten vorzugsweise so ausgebildet und die Anker soweit voneinander positioniert, dass der Offshore-Tank bei ruhiger See durch die Zugkräfte der Ankerketten automatisch auf Lokation gezogen wird.The anchor chains exert directed tensile forces on the floating offshore tank at location, ie the area of the sea level that is vertically above the predetermined foundation area. For this purpose, the anchoring chains arranged on the floating offshore tank are preferably designed such that the anchors are positioned far enough from one another that the offshore tank is automatically pulled to location in calm seas by the tensile forces of the anchor chains.

In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist eine Befüll- und Entnahmeeinrichtung für die wenigstens eine Speicherkammer und/oder Luftkammer mit dem wenigstens einen flüssigen Medium vorgesehen.In a preferred development of the invention, a filling and removal device for the at least one storage chamber and / or air chamber with the at least one liquid medium is provided.

Vorzugsweise ist die Einrichtung als wenigstens ein flexibler Versorgungsschlauch für das wenigstens eine flüssige Medium und die Luft ausgebildet. Zusätzlich kann der Versorgungsschlauch auch Kabel zur Stromversorgung und Steuerung von in den Offshore-Tank integrierten Systemen aufweisen.Preferably, the device is designed as at least one flexible supply hose for the at least one liquid medium and the air. Additionally, the supply hose may also include cables for powering and controlling systems integrated into the offshore tank.

In einem zweiten Aspekt wird die Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 9 gelöst; auch hier sind bevorzugte Weiterbildungen Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.In a second aspect, the object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 9; Again, preferred developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich insbesondere zur Durchführung mit einer der oben genannten Offshore-Einrichtungen. Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Ankersystem bei einem vorbestimmten Gründungsbereich ausgelegt, die Offshore-Einrichtung auf Lokation oberhalb des vorbestimmten Gründungsbereichs verbracht, das Ankersystem mit der Offshore-Einrichtung verbunden, die Offshore-Einrichtung durch Schwerkraft am vorbestimmten Gründungsbereich gegründet. Das Ankersystem kann gleichzeitig zeitlich vor oder nach dem Verbringen der Offshore-Einrichtung ausgelegt werden.The inventive method is particularly suitable for implementation with one of the above-mentioned offshore facilities. According to the invention, an anchor system is designed at a predetermined foundation area, the offshore facility is moved to location above the predetermined foundation area, the anchor system is connected to the offshore facility, and the offshore facility is established by gravity at the predetermined foundation area. The anchor system may be designed simultaneously prior to or after the offshore installation has been moved.

Die Schwerkraftgründung hält die Offshore-Einrichtung unter den wirkenden Betriebslasten in dem vorbestimmten Gründungsbereich. Im Extremlastfall kann die Offshore-Einrichtung innerhalb des Verrutschbereiches verrutschen. In einer Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die auf dem Meeresgrund aus dem Gründungsbereich verschobene Offshore-Einrichtung aufgeschwommen, das Ankersystem übt Zugkräfte auf die aufgeschwommene Offshore-Einrichtung aus und die aufgeschwommene Offshore-Einrichtung relokalisiert sich automatisch.Gravity foundation keeps the offshore facility under the operating loads in the predetermined foundation area. In extreme load cases, the offshore installation can slip within the slip area. In a further development of the method according to the invention, the offshore facility moved from the foundation area to the seabed is floated, the anchorage system exerts tensile forces on the floating offshore facility and the floating offshore facility relocates automatically.

Günstigerweise wird die relokalisierte Offshore-Einrichtung wieder auf dem vorbestimmten Gründungsbereich gegründet.
Das Verfahren eignet sich insbesondere zur Durchführung mit einem der oben genannten Offshore-Tanks.Conveniently, the relocalized offshore facility is re-established on the predetermined foundation area.
The method is particularly suitable for implementation with one of the abovementioned offshore tanks.

Die Erfindung wird anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in vier Figuren beschrieben, dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie I-I in Fig. 2 des erfindungsgemäßen Offshore-Tanks,
Fig. 2
eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie II-II in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
einen aufschwimmenden, auf Lokation gebrachten und verankerten Offshore-Tank in Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
einen auf den Meeresgrund abgesenkten Offshore-Tank gemäß Fig. 3.
The invention will be described with reference to an embodiment in four figures, in which:
Fig. 1
a sectional view taken along the line II in Fig. 2 the offshore tank according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a sectional view taken along the line II-II in Fig. 1 .
Fig. 3
a floating, location-based and anchored offshore tank in Fig. 1 .
Fig. 4
an offshore tank lowered to the seabed according to Fig. 3 ,

Der in Figur 1 dargestellte Offshore-Tank 1 weist einen Rumpf 6 und entlang einer Unterwasserseite des Rumpfes 6 angeordnete Ballastkammer 3 auf sowie eine Mehrzahl im Inneren des Rumpfes 6 meeresgrundabseitg der Ballastkammern 3 angeordnete Speicherkammern 4. Am meeresbodenabseitigen Bereich sind Luftkammern 9. angeordnet.The in FIG. 1 shown offshore tank 1 has a hull 6 and arranged along an underwater side of the hull 6 ballast chamber 3 and a plurality in the interior of the hull 6 meeresgrundabseitg the ballast chambers 3 arranged storage chambers 4. At the sea bottom side area air chambers 9 are arranged.

Die Ballastkammern 3 sind entlang der ganzen Unterwasserseite des Rumpfes 6 angeordnet. Die Ballastkammern 3 sind mit Ballast gefüllt Als Ballast wird beispielsweise Schwerspat, der eine Dichte von ca. 4,0 g/cm3 aufweist oder Beton mit einer Dichte von etwa 2,3 g/cm3 verwendet. Es können auch Kies oder Schotter verwendet werden. Die Ballastkammern 3 sind soweit mit Ballast gefüllt, dass der Offshore-Tank 1 bei vollständig entleerten, d.h. vollständig mit Luft gefüllten, Luftkammern 9 auf einer Meeresoberfläche 7 aufschwimmt. Der Offshore-Tank 1 kann auf diese Weise im ,wet tow'- Verfahren aus einem Hafen offshore auf Lokation geschleppt werden. Für einen sicheren Transport im ,wet tow' Verfahren wären die Speicherkammern 4 ebenfalls entleert und vollständig mit Luft gefüllt.The ballast chambers 3 are arranged along the entire underwater side of the hull 6. The ballast chambers 3 are filled with ballast. As ballast, for example, barite having a density of about 4.0 g / cm 3 or concrete having a density of about 2.3 g / cm 3 is used. Gravel or gravel can also be used. The ballast chambers 3 are so far filled with ballast that the offshore tank 1 at completely emptied, ie completely filled with air, air chambers 9 floats on a sea surface 7. The offshore tank 1 can be towed from a port offshore to location in the 'wet tow' method. For safe transport in the 'wet tow' method, the storage chambers 4 would also be emptied and completely filled with air.

Der aufschwimmende Offshore-Tank 1 ist in Fig. 1 dargestellt. Der Rumpf 6 verjüngt sich von einem Meeresgrund 31 wegweisend, um nach einer Schwerkraftgründung den horizontalen Kräften am Meeresgrund 31 eine schräge Angriffsfläche zu bieten.The floating offshore tank 1 is in Fig. 1 shown. The hull 6 tapers away from a seabed 31 in order to provide an oblique attack surface to the horizontal forces on the seabed 31 after a gravity foundation.

Die Speicherkammern 4 sind durch Schotten 8 voneinander getrennt. Die Speicherkammern 4 dienen zur Aufnahme von Rohöl, das über eine (nicht dargestellte) Ölplattform aus einer Lagerstätte gefördert und im Offshore-Tank 1 zwischengelagert wird. Die Speicherkammern 4 erstrecken sich über die gesamte horizontale Ausdehnung des Offshore-Tanks 1.The storage chambers 4 are separated by bulkheads 8. The storage chambers 4 are used to receive crude oil, which is conveyed via a (not shown) oil platform from a deposit and stored in the offshore tank 1. The storage chambers 4 extend over the entire horizontal extent of the offshore tank 1.

Meersgrundabseitig der Speicherkammern 4 ist eine Mehrzahl an Luftkammern 9 vorgesehen. Die Luftklammern 9 dienen der Aufnahme von Luft oder bei der Schwerkraftgründung auch zur Aufnahme von Meerwasser, um zumindest zeitweise zusätzlichen Ballast zu erzeugen.Meersgrundabseitig the storage chambers 4 a plurality of air chambers 9 is provided. The air clamps 9 are used to hold air or in the gravitational foundation also for receiving seawater to at least temporarily generate additional ballast.

An der Unterwasserseite des Rumpfes 6 ist eine in Richtung des Meeresgrundes 31 abstehende Schürze 44 angeordnet. Die Schürze 44 umläuft die Unterwasserseite des Offshore-Tanks 1 vollständig.At the underwater side of the hull 6 a projecting in the direction of the seabed 31 apron 44 is arranged. The skirt 44 completely surrounds the underwater side of the offshore tank 1.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt in Höhe der Speicherkammern 4 in Fig. 1 Es sind zwölf Speicherkammern 4 dargestellt. Es sind natürlich auch Ausführungsformen mit anderer, beinahe beliebiger Anzahl an Ballast- 3 und Speicherkammern 4 denkbar. Fig. 2 shows a section at the level of the storage chambers 4 in Fig. 1 There are twelve storage chambers 4 shown. Of course, embodiments with other, almost any number of ballast and storage chambers 4 4 conceivable.

Fig. 3 zeigt den auf Lokation gezogenen Offshore-Tank 1 mit ballastierten Ballastkammern 3 und mit Luft gefüllten Speicherkammern 4 und Luftkammern 9. Das Gewicht des Ballastes sowie die Größe der Speicherkammern 4 sind so dimensioniert, dass der Offshore-Tank 1, wenn zumindest die Luftkammern 9 vollständig mit Luft gefüllt sind, aufschwimmt. Der auf Lokation gezogene Offshore-Tank 1 wird mittels eines vorher ausgelegten, automatisch relokalisierenden Ankersystems 30 im Meeresgrund 31 verankert. Das Ankersystem 30 umfasst eine Mehrzahl im Meeresgrund 31 eingebrachter Anker 32, von denen jeweils eine Ankerkette 33 zu einer an einer Außenhülle 2 des Offshore-Tanks 1 angeordneten Öse 34 führt. Die Länge der Ankerketten 33 sowie die Anordnung der Ösen 34 an der Außenhülle 2 des Offshore-Tanks 1 sind so dimensioniert, dass die Ankerketten 33 etwas durchhängen und den Offshore-Tank 1 dadurch selbstständig auf Lokation vertikal über einem vorbestimmten Gründungsbereich 31a ziehen. Der vorbestimmte Gründungsbereich 31a kann durch Entfernung von möglicherweise dort vorhandenen Steinen, Felsen und den Ausgleich starker Unebenheiten vorpräpariert sein. Der Offshore-Tank 1 ist in Nähe einer nicht dargestellten Ölplattform verankert. Fig. 3 shows the drawn on location offshore tank 1 with ballasted ballast chambers 3 and air-filled storage chambers 4 and air chambers 9. The weight of the ballast and the size of the storage chambers 4 are dimensioned so that the offshore tank 1, if at least the air chambers 9 completely filled with air, floating. The pulled on location offshore tank 1 is anchored by means of a previously designed, automatically relocalizing anchor system 30 in the seabed 31. The anchor system 30 comprises a plurality of anchors 32 inserted in the seabed 31, of which in each case an anchor chain 33 leads to an eyelet 34 arranged on an outer shell 2 of the offshore tank 1. The length of the anchor chains 33 and the arrangement of the eyelets 34 on the outer shell 2 of the offshore tank 1 are dimensioned so that the anchor chains 33 sag somewhat and thereby independently pull the offshore tank 1 to location over a predetermined foundation area 31a. The predetermined foundation area 31a may be prepared by removing stones, rocks thereon and compensating for severe unevenness. The offshore tank 1 is anchored in the vicinity of an oil platform, not shown.

Fig. 4 zeigt den auf den Meeresgrund 31 abgesenkten Offshore-Tank 1. Über einen Transportschlauch 40 wird zunächst Meerwasser in die Speicherkammern 4 eingelassen. Die Speicherkammern 4 werden soweit befüllt, dass der Offshore-Tank 1 noch aufschwimmt. Bei anschließender vorsichtiger Befüllung der Luftkammern 9 mit Meerwasser sinkt der Offshore-Tank 1 durch Schwerkrafteinwirkung auf den vorbestimmten Gründungsbereich 31a ab. Eine Unterwasserseite des Rumpfes 6 des Offshore-Tanks 1 weist die Schürze 44 auf, die sich durch die Schwerkrafteinwirkung beim Absenken des Offshore-Tanks 1 in den Gründungsbereich 31a eingräbt und den Offshore-Tank 1 im vorbestimmten Gründungsbereich 31a verankert und hält. Die Schürze 44 hält den Offshore-Tank 1 im Gründungsbereich 31a bei Betriebslasten bis zum Grenzzustand der Betriebslasten. Bei stärkeren Umweltlasten im Extremlastbereich kann der gegründete Offshore-Tank 1 am Meeresgrund 31 innerhalb eines Verrutschbereiches 31b verrutschen. Die Größe des Verrutschbereiches 31b ist durch die Länge der Ankerketten 33 und die Entfernung der Anker 32 vom Offshore-Tank 1 beziehungsweise der zugehörigen Öse 34 bestimmt. Das Verrutschen ist in Fig. 4 durch zwei Doppelpfeile gekennzeichnet. Fig. 4 shows the lowered to the seabed 31 offshore tank 1. About a transport hose 40 seawater is first admitted into the storage chambers 4. The storage chambers 4 are filled so far that the offshore tank 1 still floats. Upon subsequent careful filling of the air chambers 9 with seawater, the offshore tank 1 drops due to the effect of gravity on the predetermined foundation area 31a. An underwater side of the fuselage 6 of the offshore tank 1 has the skirt 44, which digs into the foundation region 31 a by the force of gravity when lowering the offshore tank 1 and anchors and holds the offshore tank 1 in the predetermined foundation region 31 a. The skirt 44 keeps the offshore tank 1 in the foundation area 31a at operating loads up to the limit state of the operating loads. With stronger environmental loads in the extreme load range, the established offshore tank 1 can slip on the seabed 31 within a slipping region 31b. The size of the slipping area 31b is determined by the length of the anchor chains 33 and the distance of the Anchor 32 from the offshore tank 1 and the associated eyelet 34 determined. The slipping is in Fig. 4 characterized by two double arrows.

Im Laufe der Förderung von Rohöl über die in Verbindungsweite angeordnete Ölplattform 41 wird das Rohöl in die Speicherkammern 4 geleitet. Der Offshore-Tank 1 und der Ballast sind so dimensioniert, dass der Offshore-Tank 1 bei vollständig mit Rohöl gefüllten Speicherkammern 4 und mit Meerwasser gefüllten Luftkammern 9, allein durch Schwerkrafteinwirkung bis zum Grenzzustand der Gebrauchstauglichkeit rutschfest auf dem Gründungsbereich 31a aufliegt.In the course of the production of crude oil via the oil platform 41 arranged in connection with the pipeline, the crude oil is led into the storage chambers 4. The offshore tank 1 and the ballast are dimensioned so that the offshore tank 1 in completely filled with crude oil storage chambers 4 and seawater filled air chambers 9, solely by gravity to the limit state of serviceability rests non-slip on the foundation area 31a.

Durch das Absenken des Offshore-Tanks 1 auf den Gründungsbereich 31a wird das Ankersystem 30 im Vergleich zur Verankerung ständig aufschwimmender Offshore-Tanks 1 stark entlastet. Die Umweltlasten durch Wellenschlag, Wind und Strömung auf den Offshore-Tank 1 sind am Meeresgrund 31 gegenüber der Meeresoberfläche 7 stark verringert. In größeren Tiefen werden die Umweltlasten sehr gering, so dass der Extremlastfall nicht eintritt. Was unter größeren Tiefen zu verstehen ist hängt von der Lage des Gründungsbereichs 31a ab. Die Umweltlasten können in einigen Lagen bei 20-30m oder in anderen Lagen erst ab Tiefen von 50 m sehr gering sein.By lowering the offshore tank 1 to the foundation area 31a, the anchor system 30 is greatly relieved compared to anchoring permanently floating offshore tanks 1. The environmental impact of waves, wind and current on the offshore tank 1 are greatly reduced at the seabed 31 with respect to the sea surface 7. At greater depths, the environmental impact is very low, so that the extreme load case does not occur. What is meant by greater depths depends on the location of the foundation area 31a. The environmental impact can be very low in some locations at 20-30m or in other locations only from depths of 50 m.

Die Ankerketten 33 und Anker 32 greifen erst, wenn in einem Extremlastfall der Offhore-Tank 1 trotz Schürze 44 aus dem Gründungsbereich 31a verrutscht, die Betriebslasten also den Grenzzustand der Betriebslasten überschreiten. Selbst die im Extremlastfall entstehenden Extremlasten sind deutlich geringer als die durch Wellenschlag, Wind usw. einen aufschwimmenden Offshore-Tank 1 angreifenden Umweltlasten. Das Ankersystem 30 braucht lediglich auf die stark verringerten Extremlasten am Meeresgrund ausgelegt zu sein.The anchor chains 33 and armature 32 engage only when, in an extreme load case, the off-hop tank 1, despite the skirt 44, slips out of the foundation region 31a, ie the operating loads exceed the limit state of the operating loads. Even the extreme loads arising in extreme load cases are significantly lower than those caused by waves, wind, etc. a floating offshore tank 1 attacking environmental pollution. The anchor system 30 only needs to be designed for the greatly reduced extreme loads on the seabed.

Nach einem Extremlastfall am Meeresgrund 31 wird der Offshore-Tank 1 kontrolliert aufgeschwommen, indem in die Luftkammern 9 Luft gepumpt wird. Der aufgeschwommene Offshore-Tank 1 relokalisiert sich durch die Zugkraft der Ankerketten 33 automatisch auf Lokation direkt oberhalb des Gründungsbereiches 31a. Er wird, nachdem er relokalisiert ist, wieder durch Fluten der Luftkammern 9 mit Meerwasser gegründet.After an extreme load case on the seabed 31, the offshore tank 1 is controlled to float by 9 air is pumped into the air chambers. The floated offshore tank 1 relocated automatically by the tensile force of the anchor chains 33 to location directly above the foundation area 31 a. He is, after being relocalized, founded again by flooding the air chambers 9 with seawater.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Offshore-TankOffshore Tank
22
Außenhülleouter shell
33
Ballastkammerballast chamber
44
Speicherkammerstorage chamber
66
Rumpfhull
77
Meeresoberflächesea
88th
Schottbulkhead
99
Luftkammerair chamber
3030
Ankersystemanchor system
3131
Meeresgrundseabed
31a31a
Gründungsbereichfoundation area
31b31b
VerrutschbereichVerrutschbereich
3232
Ankeranchor
3333
Ankerketteanchor chain
3434
Öseeyelet
4040
Verbindungsschlauchconnecting hose
4141
Ölplattformoil Rig
4444
Schürzeapron

Claims (11)

  1. Offshore installation (1) secured on a seabed with
    an offshore retention system which has a gravity-based grounding device (44) which secures the grounded offshore installation (1) against slipping on the seabed (31) when operating loads up to a threshold state of the operating loads act on the offshore installation (1), and which has an anchor system (30) which secures the offshore installation (1) against slipping on the seabed (31) when extreme loads beyond the threshold state of the operating loads act on the offshore installation (1), characterised in that the offshore retention system is two-stage, wherein the anchor system (30) has a plurality of anchor chains (33), wherein the anchor system (30) secures the offshore installation (1) in a slipping range (31b) and the offshore installation (1) is designed to be mobile and for this purpose the anchor chains (33) are dimensioned so that they allow a floating of the slipped offshore installation.
  2. Offshore installation secured on a seabed according to claim 1, characterised in that the gravity-based grounding device has a projection (44) which projects on the seabed side from the offshore installation (1) and which digs into the grounding area (31a) in the event of gravity-based grounding.
  3. Offshore installation secured on a seabed according to claim 2, characterised in that the at least one projection is constructed as a skirt (44).
  4. Offshore installation secured on a seabed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the plurality of anchor chains (33) is in each case led from an anchor (32) disposed in the seabed (31) to a respective fastening arrangement (34) on the offshore installation (1).
  5. Offshore installation secured on a seabed according to claim 4, characterised in that it is constructed so that it can float again after grounding.
  6. Offshore installation secured on a seabed according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the anchor chains (33) are dimensioned such that they allow a floating of the slipped offshore installation (1) and pull the floated offshore installation (1) on location by the dead weight of the anchor chains (33).
  7. Offshore installation secured on a seabed according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised by at least one storage chamber (4) for at least one liquid medium.
  8. Offshore installation secured on a seabed according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised by air chambers (9) which are intended to accommodate sea water and/or air.
  9. Method for offshore grounding of an offshore installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, an anchor system (30) being deployed at a predetermined grounding area (31a), the offshore installation (1) being brought on location above the predetermined grounding area (31a), the anchor system (30) being connected to the offshore installation (1), and the offshore installation (1) being grounded in the predetermined grounding area (31a) by the effect of gravity.
  10. Method according to claim 9, characterised in that the offshore installation (1) shifted out of the grounding area (31a) on a seabed (31) is floated, the anchor system (30) exerts tensile forces on the floated offshore installation (1) and the floated offshore installation (1) is relocated by the anchor system (30).
  11. Method according to Claim 10, characterised in that the offshore installation (1) is grounded again on the grounding area (31a).
EP13163605.2A 2013-04-12 2013-04-12 Offshore device with two-stage holding system Not-in-force EP2789552B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13163605.2A EP2789552B1 (en) 2013-04-12 2013-04-12 Offshore device with two-stage holding system
PCT/EP2014/057388 WO2014167101A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-04-11 Offshore installation with two-stage retention system
MYPI2015002524A MY175646A (en) 2013-04-12 2014-04-11 Offshore installation with two-stage retention system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13163605.2A EP2789552B1 (en) 2013-04-12 2013-04-12 Offshore device with two-stage holding system

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EP2789552B1 true EP2789552B1 (en) 2017-09-27

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GB2551949A (en) * 2016-03-29 2018-01-10 Sllp 134 Ltd Method and apparatus for installation of a subsea tank

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US3568737A (en) * 1968-10-23 1971-03-09 Texaco Development Corp Offshore liquid storage facility
FR2852917B1 (en) * 2003-03-26 2005-06-24 Saipem Sa SEALED COMPARTMENT RECEPTACLE AND METHOD OF PLACING IT TO RECOVER POLLUTANT EFFLUENTS FROM A EPAVE
US20120045285A1 (en) * 2010-08-23 2012-02-23 Oil Well Closure And Protection As Offshore structure

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