RU2550220C1 - Siphon water-engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: water-engine comprises siphon (1), sealed chambers (21-2n), proportioning valve (8), communication hydraulic channels (51-5n), pulse generator (9) and consumer exposed chambers (31-3n). Chambers (21-2n) and (31-3n) are arranged in pairs and spaced apart in vertical through distances from head water level to top water level in first chamber (31). Top cavities of all chambers (21-2n) are intercommunicated and communicated with the crest of siphon (1) via proportioning valve (8). Chambers (31-3n) of every pair are located below bottom level of their sealed chambers (21-2n). Bottom cavity of chamber (21-2n) of every pair is communicated via loop-like drain channel (71-7n) with top cavity of its chamber (31-3n). Top part of every chamber (21-2n) via loop-like suction channel (51-5n) is communicated with bottom part of previous chamber (31-3n) apart from first sealed chamber (21), its top part being communicated with head water via channel (51) with filter (6) and is equipped with turned up barrel (15). Barrel bottom is located below the crest of siphon (1) and connected with unit (9).

EFFECT: simplified design, higher reliability.

2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for lifting water, operating due to the energy of the flow of water in any channel. The invention can be applied in water supply systems when there is a sufficiently small but constant supply of water to a height greater than that of an existing water source flowing near a consumer. Such conditions occur in the agricultural sector (on small farms, when irrigating small plots in mountainous conditions).

Known siphon water lift containing a pipeline with ascending and descending branches (siphon), a hermetic chamber communicated through pipes with branches and a receiver of the water consumer and equipped with a float (Copyright certificate SU No. 90459 A1, class F04F 10/02).

The disadvantage of this device is its complex design and low productivity due to the discharge of a significant part of the accumulated volume of water through an auxiliary pipe for charging the siphon.

The closest technical solution is a siphon water lift containing a pipeline with ascending and descending branches (siphon), a hermetic chamber equipped with a float and communicated through pipes with branches and a receiver of the water consumer. To increase its efficiency and productivity, it is equipped with a dispenser mounted on a pipe connecting the hermetic chamber to the descending branch and a valve device made in the form of locking elements fixed to the ends of the rod, one of which is equipped with a counterweight, the float is partially filled with water and connected by an articulated lever a system with a valve device, and non-return valves are installed on the pipes communicating the chamber with the ascending branch and the receiver of the water consumer, in addition, the valve device n the holder and the protrusion interacting with the frame of the hinged-lever system, its locking bodies have slots, and the socket of the locking body associated with the descending branch is communicated with the hermetic chamber through an opening in the holder (Copyright certificate SU No. 1068627 A1, class F04F 10 / 02 - prototype).

The disadvantages of this siphon water lift are its complex structure, low reliability and low level of water rise. This water lift cannot raise water above the siphon crest, and the mechanical switching mechanisms involved in the device, as usual, have low reliability at low flow rates of the water flowing in them and due to the numerous moving and rubbing parts.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the design of the siphon water lift, increase reliability in operation and increase the level of water rise much higher than the level of the siphon crest.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a siphon water lift containing a siphon, pressurized chambers, metering valve, hydraulic communication channels, a pulse generation unit and open consumer chambers, pressurized chambers and open consumer chambers are made in pairs and are installed vertically at equal distances from each other equal to the distance from the water level of the upper pool to the upper water level in the first open consumer chamber, the upper cavities of all sealed chambers are interconnected and connected to the crest of the siphon h a metering valve, open consumer chambers in each pair are installed below the lower level of their sealed chambers, the lower cavity of the sealed chamber of each pair is connected through the loop-shaped drain connection channel to the upper cavity of its open consumer chamber, the upper part of each sealed chamber is communicated through a loop-shaped exhaust connection channel with the lower part of the previous open chamber, in addition to the first sealed chamber, the upper part of which is connected to the upper pool through a suction hydraulic channel with a filter and fitted with a glass, installed upside down, while the bottom of the glass is installed below the siphon crest and connected to the pulse forming unit, in addition, the pulse forming unit is made in the form of two open containers located on top of each other and communicated with each other by a microsiphon, while the upper capacity is communicated with the upper level of the first open consumer chamber, and the lower tank communicated with the bottom of the glass of the first sealed chamber through a siphon-shaped hydraulic communication channel.

The essence of the invention is shown in the figures, where FIG. 1 - Schematic diagram of the hydraulic siphon lift, FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a unit for generating pulses of lowering the pressure below atmospheric in sealed chambers, FIG. 3 - Siphon water lift after the first charge, FIG. 4 - Siphon lift in operation after the first start, FIG. 5 - Siphon water lift in operation during the pulse period of lowering the pressure below atmospheric in sealed chambers, FIG. 6 - Siphon water lift in operation during the pulse period of increasing pressure in sealed chambers (restoration of atmospheric pressure) and FIG. 7 - Siphon water lift in operation during the period of the pulse pressure reduction in sealed chambers.

The siphon water lift (Fig. 1) contains a siphon 1 connecting the upper and lower heads of the river channel and working with a working pressure h ₀ , sealed chambers 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ , open consumer chambers 3 ¹ , 3 ² ... 3 ⁿ , pneumatic communication channels 4 ¹ , 4 ² ... 4 ⁿ , suction hydraulic communication channel 5 ¹ with filter 6, loop-shaped suction hydraulic communication channels 5 ² ... 5 ⁿ and loop-shaped drain hydraulic communication channels 7 ¹ , 7 ² ... 7 ⁿ . The upper parts of the hermetic chambers 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ through the corresponding pneumatic communication channels 4 ¹ , 4 ² ... 4 ⁿ are interconnected and communicated through the metering valve 8 with the crest of the siphon 1. The open consumer chamber 3 ¹ is equipped with a pulse generating unit 9 (Fig. 2). The pulse generating unit 9 is made in the form of two open containers 10 and 11 arranged on top of each other, interconnected by a microsiphon 12, with the upper container 11 communicating with the upper level of the first open consumer chamber 3 ¹ through the pipe 13, and the lower container 10 communicating with the upper part of the first sealed chamber 2 ¹ through a siphon-shaped hydraulic communication channel 14. Sealed chambers and open consumer chambers are made in pairs as follows (2 ¹ -3 ¹ ), (2 ² -3 ² ), ... (2 ⁿ -3 ⁿ ) and together with appropriate suction and drain g hydraulic channels of communication form the steps of lifting a siphon water lift. The lifting steps of the siphon water lift are installed at equal distances h from each other vertically (Fig. 7). The value of h, many times greater than h ₀ , is measured from the water level of the upper pool to the upper water level in the first open consumer chamber 3 ¹ . The distance h between two adjacent steps of water rise is measured by the distance between the two upper water levels in neighboring open chambers. Open consumer chambers in each pair are installed below the lower level of their sealed chambers. The lower part of the cavity of the sealed chamber of each pair is connected through the loop-shaped drain connection channel to the upper part of the cavity of its open consumer chamber, the upper part of each sealed chamber is connected through the loop-shaped exhaust connection channel to the lower part of the previous open chamber, except for the sealed chamber 2 ¹ , the upper part of which is connected with the upper pool through the suction hydraulic communication channel 5 ¹ with the filter 6 and is equipped with a glass 15, installed upside down, while the bottom of the glass is installed below the siphon crest 1 and is connected to an open tank 10 of the pulse forming unit 9.

For normal operation of the siphon water lift, the following conditions must be observed:

- the relative position of the elements of the siphon water lift vertically should be performed according to the hydraulic circuit (Fig. 1); - (one)

- the volume of the sealed chamber 2 ¹ must be greater than the total volume of the open consumer chamber 3 ¹ and the open tank 11; - (2)

- the volume of the consumer’s open chambers of each pair should be much larger than the total volume of its loop-shaped suction and drain hydraulic communication channels; - (3)

- the total volume of tight chambers 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ should be much larger than the total volume of pneumatic communication channels 4 ¹ , 4 ² ... 4 ⁿ ; - (four)

- the working volume of the open tank 11 should be greater than the volume of the siphon-shaped hydraulic communication channel 14; - (5)

- the air suction flow from the sealed chambers 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ^{n by the} siphon 1 through the metering valve 8 should be much less than the flow rate of atmospheric air into the sealed chamber 2 ¹ through the siphon tube 14 - (6).

To prepare the siphon water lift for operation, it is necessary to fill the open consumer chambers 3 ¹ , 3 ² ... 3 ^n-1 , the open tank 10 and the drain loop-shaped hydraulic communication channels 7 ¹ , 7 ² ... 7 ⁿ with water (Fig. 3).

For the siphon water lift to operate, it is necessary to close the metering valve 8 and start the siphon 1 in such a way that water continuously flows through it from the upstream into the downstream under a working pressure of h ₀ (Fig. 4). Next, you must slowly open the metering valve 8 and let the atmospheric air into the cavity of the siphon 1 so that the vacuum in it does not break and the water flow through it remains unbroken.

Siphon water lift works as follows.

Water, merging from the upper downstream into the downstream through a siphon 1 under a working pressure of h ₀ , creates a vacuum in its crest, due to which air is sucked out from the sealed chambers 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ through pneumatic communication channels 4 ¹ , 4 ² ... 4 ⁿ and the metering valve 8 into the crest of the siphon 1 and then discharge into the downstream, since atmospheric air is prevented from entering the airtight chambers by the knees of the suction and drain hydraulic communication channels and the knee of the siphon-shaped hydraulic communication channel 14 located at special heights relative to the sealed chambers er 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ and consumer drain chambers 3 ¹ , 3 ² ... 3 ^n-1 (condition (1)). The rarefaction of air (vacuum) in the sealed chambers 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ and in the siphon-shaped tube 14 simultaneously and uniformly increases (pulse pressure reduction mode in the steps of the water lift below atmospheric) and when a certain value is reached, the sealed chambers 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ begin to be filled with water, respectively, from the upper pool through a suction hydraulic communication channel 5 ¹ with a filter 6 and open consumer chambers 3 ¹ , 3 ² ... 3 ^n-1 through a suction hydraulic communication channel 5 ² ... 5 ⁿ (the beginning of the water lifting cycle). In this case, under the action of vacuum in the sealed chamber 2 ^{1, a} column of water from the open container 10 rises in the ascending branch of the siphon-shaped tube 14 only to the lower level of the sealed chamber 2 ² and thereby prevents atmospheric air from entering the sealed chamber 2 ¹ and vacuum breakdown in it (FIG. . four). A further increase in vacuum in the sealed chambers 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ leads to their complete filling with water, complete emptying of the open consumer chambers 3 ¹ , 3 ² ... 3 ^n-1 and an increase in the water level in the ascending branch of the siphon-shaped tube 14 to the upper level of the sealed chambers 2 ² (Fig. 5). Further, under the action of an increasing vacuum, the water level in the suction hydraulic communication channels 5 ² ... 5 ⁿ falls below the bottom of the corresponding open consumer chambers 3 ¹ , 3 ² ... 3 ^n-1 , but always remains above the level of the knees, and in the drainage loop-shaped hydraulic communication channels 7 ¹ , 7 ² ... 7 ⁿ under the action of increasing vacuum in sealed chambers 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ , a decrease in the water level also occurs, which never reaches the level of the corresponding elbow according to condition (1) (end of the water lifting cycle). When the vacuum reaches a certain value, the water in the ascending branch of the siphon-shaped tube 14 rises above its loop and drains drastically (acts like a siphon) through the descending branch into the glass 15. There is a sharp emptying of the tank 10 and the airtight chamber 2 ¹ communicates with the atmosphere (pressure boost mode in sealed chambers, atmospheric pressure recovery). The vacuum in the sealed chambers 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ and in the pneumatic communication channels 4 ¹ , 4 ² ... 4 ⁿ disappears and atmospheric pressure is established, since the intake of atmospheric air into the sealed chamber 2 ¹ through a siphon-shaped tube 14 is much larger than the suction air siphon 1 through the metering valve 8 (condition (6)). Water begins to drain from the sealed chambers 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ into the corresponding open consumer chambers 3 ¹ , 3 ² ... 3 ⁿ through the drainage loop-shaped hydraulic communication channels 7 ¹ , 7 ² ... 7 ⁿ (the beginning of the water drain cycle) (Fig. 6). After emptying the sealed chambers 2 ² ... 2 ^n, respectively, into the open chambers of the consumer 3 ² ... 3n, the discharge of water from the sealed chamber 2 ¹ into the open chamber of the consumer 3 ¹ is still ongoing (condition (2)). After filling the consumer’s open chamber 3 ^1, water through the pipe 13 begins to flow into the open container 11. When the open container 11 is filled, the microsiphon 12 is activated and drains the accumulated volume of water into the open container 10. The end of the ascending part of the siphon-shaped tube 14 is flooded with water, atmospheric air stops flowing into sealed chambers 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ (condition (5)) and drained water from the sealed chamber 2 ¹ into the open consumer chamber 3 ¹ (end of the water drain cycle), which leads to a new increase in vacuum in the sealed chambers ax 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ (pulse pressure reduction mode in the steps of the water lift below atmospheric) and a new cycle of water rise (Fig. 7).

Thus, using the difference between the levels of the upper and lower downstream and the insignificant working head h _{0 of the} siphon 1, a permanent vacuum is created in the crest of the siphon and a constant suction of air from the sealed chambers 2 ¹ , 2 ² ... 2 ⁿ through the pneumatic communication channels 4 ¹ , 4 ² ... 4 ⁿ and metering valve 8, which allows using pulse generating unit 9 to create alternating pressure and pressure pulses alternating from each other in the steps of the siphon water lift, which lead to the rise of water from the upstream into the open consumer chamber 3 ⁿ , located at the height H = n ∗ h >> h ₀ . At the same time, with each decrease in pressure in the steps, water rises from the downstream open consumer chamber to a higher airtight chamber, and when the pressure rises, water is drained from the airtight chambers of each stage to its open consumer chamber. The lifting part of the siphon water lift is stepped, suction and drain hydraulic communication channels with loops - with special locations of their ends in relation to the sealed chambers and open consumer chambers (condition (1)), the creation of pulses of lowering and increasing pressure in the steps hydraulically allowed to abandon mechanical switches of the water flow, check valves, rubbing and moving parts, which made it possible to increase the reliability of the siphon water lift and increase the level of lift water is much higher than the level of the siphon crest.

In the workshops of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute "Rainbow" in 2013, an experimental model of the proposed siphon water lift, consisting of two stages, was made. Tests of the experimental sample in laboratory conditions showed high reliability and ease of use.

The application of the invention in the national economy will increase the reliability and efficiency of water supply systems in conditions where there is a sufficiently small but constant supply of water to a height greater than that of an existing source of water flowing near the consumer.

Claims (2)

1. A siphon water lift containing a siphon, sealed chambers, metering valve, hydraulic communication channels, a pulse generation unit and open consumer chambers, characterized in that the sealed chambers and open consumer chambers are made in pairs and are installed vertically at equal distances from each other, equal to the distance from the water level of the upper pool to the upper water level in the first open consumer chamber, the upper cavities of all sealed chambers are interconnected and communicated with the siphon crest through a metering tap, open Digged consumer chambers in each pair are installed below the lower level of their sealed chambers, the lower cavity of the sealed chamber of each pair is connected through the loop-shaped drain communication channel to the upper cavity of its open consumer chamber, the upper part of each sealed chamber is connected with the lower part of the previous open through a loop-shaped exhaust connection channel chambers, in addition to the first sealed chamber, the upper part of which is connected to the upper pool through a suction hydraulic channel with a filter and is equipped with a glass, installed upside down, while the bottom of the glass is installed below the crest of the siphon and connected to the node forming pulses. 2. Siphon water lift according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulse generating unit is made in the form of two open containers located on top of each other and communicated with each other by a microsiphon, with the upper capacity communicating with the upper level of the first open consumer chamber, and the lower capacity communicating with the bottom of the glass of the first sealed chamber through a siphon-shaped hydraulic communication channel.

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