RU2544984C1 - Piston press-pelletiser for high-quality fodder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: piston press-pelletiser comprises a hopper with a seal, a compression piston with a conical projection, a working chamber. The hopper seal is made in the form of a screw with the helical surface of different diameter. The largest diameter of the seal is comparable to the width of the hopper. The working chamber is provided with a matrix in the form of a truncated cone. On the lateral surface of the matrix the conical calibrated openings are located. The diameter of the openings at the inlet is 10-15 mm, and at the outlet is 5-8 mm. The pressing piston is provided with an eccentric drive providing the reciprocating movement of the piston with a frequency of 60-80 rev/min.

EFFECT: barothermic pressing mode is provided that enables to provide high-quality feed pellets.

2 dwg

Description

The proposed design of pellet pressing relates to the field of agriculture, namely, devices for pressing feed into pellets.

A granule pressing device is known having a cylindrical body with a screw installed in it, at the end of which a matrix with a forming cavity is fixed, and a knife mounted on the body, the cutting edge of which is located in a plane perpendicular to the screw axis [see RF patent No. 2087311 C1, B29B 9/06].

A granule pressing device is known, comprising a housing mounted on the base and a perforated cylindrical matrix placed therein, mounted for rotation on a main shaft fixed along the axis of the matrix, and two pressing rollers mounted for rotation on eccentric axes inside the matrix and having a clearance adjustment mechanism between the matrix and the rollers, including a plate rigidly fixed to the main shaft and a pair of levers movably mounted on the eccentric axes of the pressing rollers [see RF patent No. 2375188, B30B 11/20].

A known device for pressing, containing a chamber with a sealing hopper inside which is located a piston, driven by a reciprocating mechanism and pressing the mass into the mouthpiece [see USSR patent No. 101623 - prototype].

The disadvantage of these devices are high operating costs, as a result of a complex structural and technological scheme, high metal consumption and energy intensity.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the energy consumption of the device compared to analogues, which does not require large operating costs, as well as allowing to provide a barothermic regime, which is necessary for the preparation of high-quality feed based on soy protein.

The technical result is achieved in that in a piston press granulator for high-quality feed, comprising a hopper with a seal, a pressing piston with a conical protrusion and a drive, a working chamber, according to the invention, a screw with a screw surface having a different diameter, the largest diameter of which is used as a hopper seal commensurate with the width of the hopper, while the working chamber is equipped with a conical matrix in the form of a truncated cone, on the side surface of which there are conical calibrated holes TIFA with an inlet diameter of 10-15 mm 5-8 mm and the outlet, wherein the eccentric drive means providing the reciprocating movement of the piston with a frequency of 60-80 / min.

Such a constructive solution allows to reduce the metal consumption, energy consumption of the working process, operating costs and to perform a barothermal treatment of high-quality feed.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a General view of a piston press granulator, side view, figure 2 is a conical matrix with conical holes, side view.

The piston press granulator for high-quality feed contains a hopper 1 with a seal 2, a pressing piston 3 with a conical protrusion 4 and a drive 5, a working chamber 6. As a seal 2 of the hopper 1, a screw with a screw surface having a different diameter, the largest diameter of which is comparable with the width of the hopper 1, while the working chamber 6 is equipped with a conical matrix 7 in the form of a truncated cone, on the side surface of which there are conical calibrated holes 8 with an input diameter of 10-15 mm and an output of 5-8 mm, and 5 is eccentric ivod providing reciprocating motion of the piston with a frequency of 60-80 / min.

Piston press granulator for high quality feed is as follows.

A mixture of feed grains and legumes, for example wheat, barley and soybeans, is fed to a receiving hopper 1, where they are mixed by means of a compactor 2, which is used as a pressing screw. Further, under the action of the screw and gravity forces, the feed mixture enters the working chamber 6. Due to the eccentric drive 5, the piston 3 moves in the axial direction of the working chamber 6. When it is maximally moved towards the conical matrix 7 with calibrated holes 8 made in the form of cones, compaction of the material, while creating high pressure. When the material passes through the calibrated openings 8, the temperature and pressure increase, due to the friction of the material on the inner surface of the matrix and the calibrated openings, a barothermic treatment of high-quality feeds is sufficient to inactivate the anti-nutritional substances contained in high-quality feeds. This mode is ensured by the reciprocating movement of the piston with a frequency of 60-80 rpm, at a lower frequency there will be a decrease in productivity and an increase in energy consumption, and at a higher frequency, the quality indicator of the final product will decrease. The dimensions of calibrated holes 8 with an input diameter of 10-15 mm and an output of 5-8 mm are due to the fact that if the diameters of the holes are large, the friction forces will increase, since the material will not go tangentially, but if smaller, then the friction force will be many times will decrease.

The proposed design in comparison with other technical solutions has the following advantages:

- a significant reduction in metal consumption and operating costs;

- reduction of energy intensity of the working process;

- providing a barothermic regime of high-quality feed.

Claims (1)

 A piston press granulator for pressing feed into pellets, comprising a hopper with a seal, a pressing piston with a conical protrusion and a drive, a working chamber, characterized in that the hopper seal is made in the form of a screw with a screw surface of different diameters, the largest of which is comparable with the width of the hopper, the working chamber is equipped with a matrix in the form of a truncated cone, on the lateral surface of which are cone-shaped calibrated holes, the diameter of which is 10-15 mm at the inlet and 5-8 mm at the exit, and stve pressing piston drive eccentric drive is used, providing the reciprocating movement of the piston with a frequency of 60-80 / min.

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