RU2544441C2 - Electric switch mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention is referred to electric switch mechanisms of railway automatic controls and telemechanics and intended for switching, closure and position control of contact tongues at rail transport and underground railroad. The electric switch mechanism has modular structure. Electric power module (EPM) consists of an electric motor, reducing gear, friction clutch, point switching device, crank gate and safety contacts. Closure and control module (CCM) consists of ball-and-screw rolling pair, gate closing mechanism and automatic switch. Mechanical link between the modules is ensured by torsion shaft and two claw clutches. Units and parts of the electric switch mechanism are assembled in the case represented by a hollow metal beam. The electric switch mechanism is equipped with connecting rod between contact tongues.

EFFECT: simplified design, expanded scope of application, standardisation of electric switch mechanisms, reduced operational costs, improved reliability, potential performance of completely power-operated tamping of ties including the area of installed electric switch mechanism, increased service life and improved traffic safety.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to switch electric drives of railway automation and telemechanics, and is intended for translation, circuit and control of the position of wits in the railway transport and subway.

Known switch actuators containing a motor mounted in a common housing, lowering a multi-stage mechanical gearbox with a friction clutch, a main shaft with gear, in rack mesh with a working gate, knife-type automatic switch, control rulers, heating element [1].

Along with the known advantages, these devices have several disadvantages due to the complexity of the design, the presence of a large number of rapidly rotating components and parts, sliding elements requiring intensive lubrication, with increased wear, the likelihood of jamming of the gate and other elements and, as a consequence, low reliability, low resource the operation of the electric drive does not allow mechanized tamping of the track in the installation area of the electric drive, high operating costs.

Switch electric drives are also known, where screw pairs are used as a power mechanism [2, 3], which convert rotational motion to translational. However, they do not fully exclude the above-mentioned shortcomings, sometimes leading to dangerous failures.

The aim of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks, simplify the design, expand the scope, unification of switch electric drives, reduce operating costs, increase reliability, provide the ability to conduct continuous mechanized tamping of the track, including in the installation area of the electric drive, increase the service life and safety of train traffic .

The specified goal is achieved by the following technical solutions:

- the creation of a modular type of product;

- installation of the gate closure and gate control module inside the track;

- the presence of a special torsion shaft, betraying rotational motion from the electric power module (ESM) to the circuit and control module (MZK);

- the creation of a mechanical system with a double-circuit closure and retention of wits;

- the presence of a three-element gate closure mechanism in the extreme positions of the cam type of a symmetrical installation with duplication of gate closure channels;

- the design of the control system of the tracking type, built on the principle of independent control of the wits of the arrow and the gate locking mechanism.

The figure 1 shows the kinematic diagram of a pointer electric drive; in figure 2, 3, 4 - the gate closure mechanism in operation and its extreme positions.

Switch electric drive (Fig. 1) contains an ESM consisting of an electric motor 1, a single-stage cylindrical gearbox, consisting of a driving gear 2 and a driven gear 3, on the output end of the shaft of which there is a friction metal-ceramic clutch 4, devices for manual translation of the arrow 5, muffler damper 5 and safety contacts 7, MZK, consisting of a ball-screw rolling pair 8, 9, a closing mechanism 10 of the gate 11, a circuit breaker consisting of control rulers 12, 13 and sensors 14. Mechanical connection between at the ESM and the MPC, it is carried out by means of a torsion shaft and two cam couplings 16, 17 connecting the output shaft from the friction clutch 4 with the input shaft of the ball screw screw. The nodes and parts of the switch electric drive are assembled in the housing 18, which is a hollow metal bar. The electric drive is also equipped with an inter-jaw connecting rod 19 and joints (rods) workers 20, 21 and control 22, 23, which have articulated kinematic connections with the points 24 and 25 of the railroad switch and, accordingly, with the gate 11 and control rulers 12 and 13.

The gate locking mechanism (Figs. 2, 3, 4) consists of the gate itself 11 of circular cross section, the lock body 26, 27, which holds symmetrically two pairs of cams 28, 29, 30, 31 and gate 11 in a single movable structure, the pusher 32, having a rigid connection with the nut 9 of a ball-screw rolling pair (Fig. 1), two stops 33, 34 installed in the housing of the MPC. The gate 11 with the housing 26, 27 is fastened with inserts 35, 36.

Comparative analysis shows that these differences of the claimed device from the prototype represent a number of new features, which determines its criterion of "novelty."

In the patent and scientific and technical literature, solutions with similar distinctive features were not found. In this regard, it is concluded that the application of the invention meets the criterion of "significant differences".

A pointer electric drive operates as follows.

When the rotor of the electric motor 1 (Fig. 1) is rotated by a single-stage gearbox 2, 3 and a friction clutch 4, a cam clutch 16, a torsion shaft 15 and a second cam clutch 17, the rotation is transmitted to the ball screw 8 of the rolling screw pair, where the rotational movement of the screw 8 is converted in the translational movement of the nut 9 along the screw. The nut 9 is kinematically connected with the locking mechanism 10 of the gate 11. With the forward movement of the nut 9, the pusher 32 (FIG. 2) moves progressively from left to right, abuts against the cams 28 and 29 at point “A”, trying to rotate them on its axis. However, this is prevented by the stops 33 and 34, on the surface "B" and "G" of which they rest (cams). The translational movement of the pusher 32 leads to the translational movement of the cams 28 and 29, mounted in the housing 26 and 27 of the locking mechanism of the gate and, accordingly, the gate 11. At the end of the translation, the cams 28, 29 extend beyond the surface "B" and "G" of the stops 33 and 34, rotate on its axis under the action of the pusher 32 and come into contact with the same stops surfaces "D" and "E" (figure 3), and the pusher closes the place in contact with the surface of the cams "G" and "Z", and thereby closes them. The gate is locked in the far right position.

In order to transfer the gate to another extreme position (Fig. 4), it is necessary for the pusher 32 to move from right to left until it stops against the cams 30 and 31, freeing the cams 28 and 29 for rotation and thereby opening the gate. The further process of translating and closing the gate is similar to the previous one.

The control system disables the sensors 14 (Fig. 1) of the electric motor 1 with a full turn of the arrow and the closure of the gate 11, receiving this information from the witches through the control lines 12, 13 and the position of the pusher 32.

Thus, in the described switch electric drive, representing a structure located in a hollow metal bar and, due to the use of ball screw, the cam lock mechanism of the symmetrical installation, the design of the follow-up control system, based on the principle of independent control of arrow points with integral control rulers, and the gate closure mechanism in the extreme positions of the cam three-element type of a symmetrical installation with duplication of the gate closure channels, the presence additional inter-junction connecting rod, forming a double-circuit short circuit and holding the wit, simplifies the design of the electric drive, which allows to expand its scope, unification, and allows continuous mechanized tamping of the track, including in the installation area of the electric drive, to reduce operating costs, increase its reliability, term train service and safety

Information sources.

1. Reznikov Yu.M. Electric drives of railway automation and telemechanics. M .: Transport, 1985, p. 83-95, fig. 21-27.

2. Copyright certificate No. 1837026 A1, cl. B61L 5/06 (USSR).

3. Patent SU 1837026 A1, 30.081993, B61L 5/06.

Claims (5)

1. Switch electric drive, comprising an electric motor, gearbox, friction clutch, torsion shaft, ball-screw rolling pair mounted in a common metal case in the form of a hollow metal bar, characterized in that it represents a modular design consisting of an electric power module (ESM) and a module circuit and control (MZK), the mechanical connection between which is carried out by means of a torsion shaft and two cam clutches. 2. Switch electric drive according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a shorting and control module (MZK) located inside the track, the gate has a two-way output and is hinged to the witches by means of connecting rods. 3. Switch electric drive according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains an additional inter-jaw connecting rod, due to which the principle of double-circuit locking and holding the wit is provided. 4. Switch electric drive according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a gate locking mechanism in the extreme positions of the cam type, which is located inside the railway track in the MZK module. 5. Switch electric drive according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a control system, which is located inside the railway track in the MZK module.

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