RU2516844C2 - Fast-acting electric switch mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to electric switch mechanisms. In a common metal housing an electric switch mechanism contains an electric motor with an electromagnetic clutch and a brake mounted at the rotor unload side, at the output end of the motor armature at the load side there is a gear wheel of a single-stage speed reducer, which ensures transmission of the running torque to the ball-and-screw unit, which converts rotational motion of the motor armature to translation movement of a pusher of the stopper control locking mechanism. At that the electric switch mechanism is made as per the design containing both the electric motor and the electromagnetic brake in the same housing.

EFFECT: simplification of the electric switch mechanism design, expansion of its scope of application, increase in its reliability, service life, provision of safe train traffic.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to switch electric drives of railway automation and telemechanics, and is intended for translation, shorting and position control of wits at marshalling yards of general railways, industrial vehicles and the subway.

Known switch actuators containing a motor mounted in a common housing, lowering a multi-stage mechanical gearbox with a friction clutch, a main shaft with gear, in rack mesh with a working gate, knife-type automatic switch, control rulers, heating element [1].

Along with the known advantages, these devices have several disadvantages due to the complexity of the design, the presence of a large number of rapidly rotating components and parts, sliding elements requiring intensive lubrication, with increased wear, the likelihood of jamming of the gate and other elements and, as a consequence, low reliability, low resource electric drive operation, high operating costs.

Switch electric drives are also known, where screw pairs ball-screw rolling pairs [2] are used as a power mechanism, which convert rotational motion into translational. However, they do not fully exclude the above-mentioned shortcomings, sometimes leading to dangerous failures.

The aim of the present invention is to eliminate these disadvantages, simplifying the design, expanding the scope, unification of switch electric drives, reducing operating costs, increasing reliability, increasing the service life and safety of train traffic.

The specified goal is achieved by the following technical solutions:

- the creation of the most simplified kinematic circuit of the electric drive;

- an exception to the design of a multistage mechanical gearbox;

- an exception to the design of the cam and friction clutch;

- installation of an electric drive in the "interspersed box";

- the presence of a special electromagnetic brake;

- the presence of a three-element gate closure mechanism in the extreme positions of the cam type symmetrical installation;

- the design of the control system of the direct-tracking type follow-up with proximity sensors, built on the principle of independent control of the gate closure mechanism.

The figure depicts a kinematic diagram of a pointer electric drive. Switch electric drive (see the figure) contains an electric motor 1 with an integrated electromagnetic brake 2, a single-stage cylindrical gearbox consisting of a driving gear 3 mounted on the output end of the motor shaft 1, and a driven gear 4, the hub of which is integral with the ball nut 5 a screw rolling pair (ball screw) installed in the bearings 6 and 7, a ball screw 8, a locking mechanism of the gate 9, consisting of the gate itself 10 of circular cross section, the housing 11, which holds articulated symmetrically two pairs of cams 12, 13, 14, 15 and the gate 10 in a single movable structure, the pusher 16, which has a rigid connection with the screw 8 of the ball screw, two stops 17, 18 installed in the housing of the electric drive 19, the control system consists of two sensors 20 and 21 of a non-contact type and monitors the end positions of the pusher 16 of the locking mechanism gate 9. Units and parts of the pointer electric drive, including the manual translation of the arrow 22, the butterfly valve 23, are assembled in the housing 19, which is closed by a lid.

A comparative analysis shows that these differences of the claimed device from the prototype represent a number of new features, which determines its criterion of "novelty."

In the patent and scientific and technical literature, solutions with similar distinctive features were not found. In this regard, it is concluded that the claimed invention meets the criterion of "significant differences".

A pointer electric drive operates as follows.

When applying electric voltage to the electric motor 1, the electromagnetic clutch 2 brakes the rotor shaft of the electric motor and the latter starts rotation, passing it to the gearbox 3, 4, when the driven gear 4 rotates, the ball nut 5 rotates and, accordingly, the translational movement of the screw 8 is transmitted to the plunger 16. With the progressive movement of the screw 8, the pusher 16 moves progressively from left to right, abuts against the cams 14 and 15, trying to rotate them on its axis. However, this is prevented by the stops 17 and 18, on the surface of which they (cams) abut. The translational movement of the pusher 16 leads to the translational movement of the cams 14 and 15, mounted in the housing 11 of the locking mechanism of the gate and, accordingly, the gate 10. At the end of the translation, the cams 14 and 15 go beyond the stops 17 and 18, rotate on their axis under the action of the pusher 16 and further the movement of the pusher 16 leads to their closure. The gate is locked in the far right position.

In order to transfer the gate to another extreme position, it is necessary for the pusher 16 to move from right to left until it stops against the cams 12 and 13, freeing the cams 14 and 15 to rotate on its axis and thereby open the gate. The further process of translating and closing the gate is similar to the previous one.

The control system is equipped with sensors 20 and 21, with a full translation of the arrow and the closure of the gate 10, receives information from the position of the pusher 16 about the end of the translation.

Thus, in the described switch electric drive, which is a structure located in a metal case and, thanks to the use of ball screw, the cam lock mechanism of the cam type of a symmetrical installation, the design of the direct-tracking type follow-up control system with proximity sensors, built on the principle of independent control of the gate circuit in extreme positions, simplifies the design of the drive, allowing to expand its scope, unification, reduce operational expenses, increase its reliability, service life and safety of train traffic.

Information sources

1. Reznikov Yu.M. Electric drives of railway automation and telemechanics. M., Transport, 1985, p. 83-95, Fig. 21-27.

2. Copyright certificate No. 1837026A1, cl. B61L 5/06 (USSR).

Claims (4)

1. Switch electric drive containing an electric motor mounted in a common metal casing, on the rotor of which an electromagnetic clutch-brake is installed on the non-working side, and a gear wheel of a single-stage gearbox is installed on the output end of the rotor shaft of the electric motor, which provides torque transmission to a ball screw a rolling pair, which converts the rotational movement of the rotor of the electric motor into the translational motion of the pusher of the gate locking mechanism, characterized it, that is a structure comprising a single housing itself motor and the electromagnetic brake. 2. Switch electric drive according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a single-stage cylindrical gearbox, consisting of a driven gear, made integral with the nut of a ball-screw pair of rolling elements installed in common bearing bearings. 3. Switch electric drive according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a gate locking mechanism in the extreme positions of the cam type of a symmetrical installation with duplication of gate sliding channels. 4. Switch electric drive according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a direct-tracking tracking control system with contactless sensors, built on the principle of independent monitoring of the gate closing mechanism.