RU2540893C1 - Transmission of light wheeled land rover with final drives - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: transmission comprises clutch, gearbox, chain gearing, differential gearbox, differential lock, two brakes, two axles, four chain final drives and wheel drives. Note that wheel drives are composed of planetary wheel reduction gears fitted in rear driving wheels and differential gears fitted in front driving wheel hubs.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of operation.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the design of vehicles and can be used in the design and manufacture of light wheeled all-terrain vehicles on ultra-low pressure pneumatics.

A known design of a light wheeled all-terrain vehicle, designed according to the scheme of a vehicle with a “breaking” frame and consisting of two articulated semi-frames, a steering acting on one of the semi-frames, and a power transmission including an engine, clutch, gearbox, reverse gear, chain transmissions, driving bridges and driving wheels (J. "Model Designer", 2011, No. 7. All-season 4x4 all-terrain vehicle).

The disadvantage of this device is the design complexity, the high complexity of manufacturing, as well as the fact that with such a structure of the power transmission and the frame, the movement direction of the all-terrain vehicle is changed by folding the semi-frames when the driver acts on one of them through the steering wheel and traction. When driving off-road, to control the all-terrain vehicle, it is necessary to exert great efforts on the steering wheel, keeping it in a state of rectilinear motion, since unevenness of the surface of the movement tends to constantly remove the all-terrain vehicle from the state of rectilinear motion, which ultimately leads to great driver fatigue.

Closest to the claimed invention is the design of a light wheeled cross-country vehicle with a turn, comprising a frame, propulsors, a steering and a power transmission consisting of an engine, a clutch, a gearbox, a chain drive, a differential, a differential lock mechanism, two brakes, two half shafts, four on-board chain transmissions, axles of wheels and driving wheels (Decision on the grant of a patent for application for utility model "Light wheeled all-terrain vehicle with on-board turn" No. 2013129719/11 (044201) dated 08/14/2013).

A disadvantage of the known design is the circulation of “parasitic” power in the transmission, leading to overloaded transmission parts, increased fuel consumption and tire wear resulting from the rigid kinematic connection of the front and rear drive wheels when moving along a solid bearing surface in the presence of a difference in their dynamic radii due to different air pressure in them, unequal load and uneven wear of tires.

The technical problem to which the claimed invention is directed is the development of a design that excludes the circulation of “parasitic” power in the transmission and leads to a decrease in the load on the transmission components, to increase the economy of the all-terrain vehicle by reducing fuel consumption and reducing tire wear.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the proposed transmission design, comprising a clutch, a gear change box, a chain gear, a differential, a differential lock mechanism, two brakes, two half shafts, four final drives, wheel drives, according to the invention, the wheel drives are planetary wheel gearboxes installed in the hubs of the rear drive wheels, and differentials with clutch locks installed in the hubs of the front drive wheels.

Using the proposed design of the wheel drive allows the front and rear driving wheels of the all-terrain vehicle to rotate independently from each other at different angular speeds and eliminates the circulation of "spurious" power in the transmission. The presence of wheeled differential locking mechanisms increases the cross-country ability of an all-terrain vehicle when driving along an impassable stretch of track.

The device and principle of operation of the utility model is illustrated in the drawing. Figure 1 shows the kinematic diagram of the power transmission of an all-terrain vehicle. It consists of engine 1, clutch 2, gearbox 3, on the secondary shaft of which a chain sprocket 4 is mounted, a symmetrical bevel differential 5, differential lock clutch 6, disc brakes 7, two axles 8 and 9, final drives 10 and 11 and wheel drives of the driving wheels 13. The wheel drive of the rear driving wheels includes an asterisk 14, a half shaft 12 mounted on two bearings 19 and a planetary gear consisting of a sun gear 15, satellites 17, a carrier 18 connected to the wheel 13, a ring gear 16. The wheel drive of the rear drive wheels includes an asterisk 14, a shaft 12, mounted on two bearings 19, and a planetary gear consisting of a sun gear 15, satellites 17, a carrier 18 connected to the wheel 13, braked the ring gear 16. Wheel the drive of the front drive wheels includes an asterisk 14, a half shaft 12 mounted on two ball bearings 19, and a differential consisting of a sun gear 15, satellites 17, a carrier 18 connected to the wheel 13, and a ring gear mounted on two radial pore bearings 21. The bearings 21 are fixed in a stationary cage, rigidly connected to the frame of the all-terrain vehicle. On the clip on the slots mounted lock clutch 20.

The torque generated by engine 1, through clutch 2 and gear change box 3 is transmitted to the drive sprocket 4 of the chain drive, then to differential 5, where it is divided into two equal streams to the right 8 and left 9 axles, then through the final drives 10 and 11 to wheel drives and further to drive wheels 13.

In a wheel drive of the rear drive wheels, the moment from the chain drive 11 is transmitted to the drive sprocket 14, then to the axle shaft 12, to the sun gear 15 of the planetary gear, to the satellite 17, which, rolling around the braked crown gear, carries the carrier 18 connected to the drive wheel 13.

In the front-wheel drive wheel drive, the moment from the chain drive 10 is transmitted to the drive sprocket 14, then to the axle shaft 12, to the differential sun gear 15, to the satellite 17, which, rotating around the sun gear, can carry the carrier 18 and transmit torque through him to the drive wheel. Or it can make a more complex movement, rotating around the sun gear and at the same time giving the reverse movement to the unbraked ring gear 16.

This design of the wheel drives of the front and rear drive wheels of the all-terrain vehicle allows them to rotate at different angular speeds and eliminates the circulation of “spurious” power.

When driving along difficult-to-reach sections of the track, the differential is turned off from operation by means of a lock clutch 20, which brakes the ring gear 17. At the same time, the front and rear wheels of the all-terrain vehicle are connected kinematically rigidly and rotate synchronously, providing the vehicle with high cross-country ability.

Thus, the proposed design of the transmission of light wheeled all-terrain vehicle on ultra-low pressure tires provides its high throughput, eliminates the circulation of "parasitic" power, which reduces the load on the parts, reduces fuel consumption and reduces tire wear.

Claims (1)

Transmission of a light wheeled all-terrain vehicle, consisting of a clutch, a gearbox, chain transmission, differential, differential lock mechanism, two brakes, two half shafts, four final drive chain drives, wheel drives of drive wheels, characterized in that the drive wheels are planetary wheel gears, mounted in the hubs of the rear drive wheels, and differentials with lock couplings installed in the hubs of the front drive wheels and allowing the front and rear drive wheels to rotate Irrespective of each other at different speeds.