RU2537872C1 - Fire and hitting laser simulator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device comprises fire simulator to be fitted on gun or gun simulator and hitting simulator to be fitted at target. Fire simulator comprises laser with coded radiation, transmission-type indicator and lens, all being optically communicated. Hitting simulator comprises photo receivers with threshold device and device to define destruction or shelling by code of received laser radiation. Said transmission-type indicator has N zones, where N=1, 2, 3…K with sizes r₁<r₂<…<r_N and transmission factors in zones τ₁>τ₂>…>τ_N. Centres of said zones are aligned or shifted relative to each other in vertical. Said transmission-type indicator has extra zone covering aforesaid zones or a portion thereof with transmission factor lower than those of said zones. Laser can radiate at simulation shot at least two pulse packets that differ in coding and power of radiation.

EFFECT: simplified design, decreased weight and sizes.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to laser training aids and can be used to simulate shooting from small arms and grenade launchers with simulated destruction and firing of targets.

Known simulator shooting at A.S. USSR No. 1605673 dated 05/26/1980, F41G 3/26, containing optically coupled lens, pan-optical optical forming system, illuminator and laser with a power source. The lesion is simulated using photodetectors placed on the target. To simulate the probability of hitting the target when setting the range, the pankratic optical forming system forms a spot of a certain (constant) size at a given range. With the correct range entry, provided that it is precisely aimed, the laser spot “covers” a certain number of photodetectors, which is estimated as hitting the target.

The situation of "firing" the target device is not simulated. In addition, the specified simulator has a complex structure due to the presence of a pancratic system. The simulator does not ensure the accuracy of simulating the probability of hitting the target, because it does not provide a constant power density in the formed spot. Moreover, if the radiation power density in the spot at the entered range exceeds the threshold value determined by the photodetectors, then such a beam will be detected by photodetectors at long ranges, more likely due to the beam divergence, which contradicts the results of real shooting.

Known laser simulator of shooting and defeat by A.S. USSR No. 2037767 dated 02.21.1986, F41G 3/26, consisting of a firing simulator that generates a laser spot in a simulated range of ranges of a certain size with a certain radiation power density in the spot, and a lesion simulator. The firing simulator contains a laser, a transparency and a lens. The banner is made in the form of a filter of variable optical density. The banner contains a number of zones, the centers of which lie on a vertical line, with corresponding transmittance: the zone with the largest size has the lowest transmittance and is designed to fire at a shorter range, and, conversely, the zone with a smaller size has a larger transmittance and is designed to shoot at a greater range.

The simulator forms a beam with a divergence necessary to provide a spot of a certain size at a minimum range. An increase in the spot size at long ranges is accompanied by a decrease in the power density in the spot, i.e. as the range increases, a larger part of the spot is "cut off", i.e. not perceived by the radiation receiver. A constant spot size is ensured by the choice of the initial distribution of the power density in the beam at a fixed threshold for the operation of the receiving device of the lesion simulator. The correct assessment of the firing range of the shooter is controlled by evaluating the input of the aiming angle: at the minimum range, the receiver is triggered at any point of the laser spot, and at the maximum - only in its lowest part.

Such a simulator provides approximation of simulation conditions to real ones by entering aiming angles, but also does not simulate target firing.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed one - the prototype - is a laser simulator of shooting and destruction, containing a simulator of shooting IS1 and a simulator of defeat IP1 kit 9F838, manufactured by OJSC "Production Association" Novosibirsk Instrument-Making Plant "(Kit 9F838. Operating Instructions AL2.890.019RE, 2006).

The firing simulator is designed to be mounted on a simulated weapon, and the defeat simulator - on personnel. The firing simulator contains two optical channels. One channel contains an optically coupled laser with coded radiation to simulate a target hit, a transparency (a filter of variable optical density) and a lens, and the second channel contains a laser with radiation having a different encoding to simulate target firing, and a lens. The transparency is mounted in the focal plane of the lens. The banner has 4 rectangular zones to simulate damage with different transmittance, the centers of which are placed on a vertical line.

The lesion simulator comprises photodetectors with a threshold device and a device for determining the defeat or firing according to the received laser radiation code. When receiving impulses with a “shelling” code, the defeat simulator captures the “shelling” of the target, and when receiving pulses with a “shelling” code and the “defeat” code, it records the “defeat” of the target. The centers of the transparency zones are spaced vertically, which allows you to simulate entering angles of aim.

The disadvantage of the firing and defeat simulator is the presence of two channels in the firing simulator for sending laser radiation to the target to simulate the defeat and to simulate the firing, which complicates the design of the device, increases its weight and dimensions.

The technical result of the invention is to simplify the design, reducing the mass and dimensions of the laser simulator of shooting and destruction.

The specified technical result is achieved by the following device. The laser shooting and destruction simulator, as well as the prototype, comprises a shooting simulator configured to be mounted on a simulated weapon or a weapon model, and a destruction simulator configured to be mounted on a target, the shooting simulator comprising an optically coupled laser with encoded radiation, a transparency and the lens, the damage simulator contains photodetectors with a threshold device and a device for determining the defeat or firing according to the code of the received laser radiation, and N z N, where N = 1, 2, 3 ... K, with the dimensions r ₁ <r ₂ <... <r _K and transmittances in zones τ _1> τ _2> ...> τ _K. In contrast to the prototype, the centers of these zones are aligned or shifted vertically relative to each other; on the banner there is an additional zone covering these zones or part of them, the transmittance of which is less than the transmittance of these zones; the laser is configured to emit when simulating a shot of at least two bursts of pulses having different coding and radiation power from each other.

The banner can be performed with the combined or spaced centers of N zones serving to simulate a lesion. The transparency with the combined centers of the zones of destruction is applicable to simulate weapons in which ballistic accounting is uncritical, for example, for melee weapons (pistols, submachine guns, etc.). To simulate the introduction of aiming angles (ballistics of a weapon), the zones can be shifted relative to each other in a vertical plane. Depending on the optical system used, with or without image wrapping, the lower banner area is performed with the largest dimensions and the lowest transmittance, or, conversely, the upper zone. The transparency zone for simulating shelling can cover all areas of the simulation of defeat or part of the zones.

A solid-state or semiconductor laser can be used as a radiation source.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of a laser simulator of shooting and destruction.

Figure 2 shows a view of the areas of the banner.

Figure 3, 4 illustrates the registration of laser pulses by a threshold device: figure 3 - registration of the situation of "defeat" of the target, figure 4 - registration of the situation of "shelling" of the target.

A laser shooting and lesion simulator (FIG. 1) comprises a shooting simulator containing optically coupled semiconductor laser 1, a transparency 2 and a lens 3, and a lesion simulator comprising a photodetector 4 with a threshold device 5 and a device for determining a lesion or shelling 6 connected to the output by an input threshold device 5. A firing simulator is installed on a simulated weapon or a weapon model, and a defeat simulator is installed on the target.

On the banner 2 (figure 2), four rectangular zones 7, 8, 9, 10 of different sizes are made to simulate the defeat and zone 11 to simulate shelling, covering zones 7, 8, 9, 10. Zones 7, 8, 9, 10 are displaced vertically. The sizes of r zones 7, 8, 9, 10 and their transmittance τ are correlated as follows: r ₇ > r ₈ > r ₉ > r ₁₀ , τ ₇ <τ ₈ <τ ₉ <τ ₁₀ . The banner 2 is installed in the firing simulator in such a way that the bottom of zones 7, 8, 9, 10 is zone 7 with the largest dimensions and the lowest transmittance. The transmittance of zone 11 is less than the transmittance of zones 7, 8, 9, 10.

Laser radiation 1 (figure 3) contains two bursts of pulses having different coding and radiation power from each other. A burst of pulses with a firing code has a radiation power greater than the radiation power of a burst of pulses with a destruction code.

In a simulated shot, the firing simulator sends two packets of laser pulses to the target: with a firing code and with a hitting code. A laser spot is formed in the target space with five zones corresponding to zones 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, with different power densities, the size of which increases with increasing range. An increase in the size of the laser spot from a distance is accompanied by a decrease in the power density in the spots.

If at the firing range (Fig. 3) the radiation power density of both bursts of pulses is greater than the threshold power density P of _the triggering _{pore of} the photodetector 4 with the threshold device 5, the device 6 for determining the defeat or shelling fixes the situation of "defeat" of the target. If firing range (4) of the radiation power density P _n burst with destruction code is smaller than the threshold power density P _pore actuation photodetector 4 with a threshold device 5, and is fixed only bundle of laser pulses with a code bombardment with radiation power density P _oh , the simulator of defeat fixes the situation of "shelling" of the target.

The displacement of the zones 7, 8, 9, 10 of the banner 2 in the vertical plane is chosen so that, depending on the range, simulate the ballistics of the ammunition. At a long range, the radiation power density in the upper part of the spot is less than the threshold. In order for the photodetector 4 to detect radiation on the target, the shooter must raise the weapon by a certain angle, i.e. point the bottom of the spot on the target (since the lens builds an inverted image of the transparency in the target's space), the power density in which is greater than the threshold.

Thus, in comparison with the prototype, the present invention allows to obtain a simplification of the design and a reduction in the mass and dimensions of the laser simulator of shooting and destruction.

Claims (1)

A laser firing and defeat simulator comprising a firing simulator configured to be mounted on a simulated weapon or a mock weapon, and a lesion simulator configured to be mounted on a target, the firing simulator comprising an optically coupled laser with coded radiation, a transparency and a lens, a lesion simulator contains photodetectors with a threshold device and a device for determining damage or firing according to the code of the received laser radiation, and on the transparency N zones are made, where N = 1, 2, 3 ... K, with dimensions r ₁ <r ₂ <... <r _N and transmittance in the zones τ ₁ > τ ₂ >...> τ _N , characterized in that the centers of these zones are aligned or shifted vertically relative to each other, an additional a zone covering said zones or a part of them, the transmission coefficient of which is less than the transmission coefficients of these zones, and the laser is configured to emit at least two bursts of pulses having a different coding and radiation power from a simulation shot.

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