RU2037767C1 - Laser simulator of fire and destruction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: laser devices. SUBSTANCE: laser simulator of fire and destruction comprises an optically-joined radiation source, a lens disposed on a weapon simulator, and a radiation receiver and a heating indicating unit. There is an additional variable- density light filter installed in front of the lens and the hitting indicator unit has the form of a threshold device. The variable-density light filter has the form of n circles with a common point of contact, the circle centers lie on a vertical straight line, the radii of n circles satisfy the relation r₁< r₂< r₃< ...< r_n and the transmission coefficients satisfy the relation τ₁> τ₂> τ₃>...> τ_n. EFFECT: simulating conditions are brought closer to real ones by entering the sighting angles. 2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to laser devices simulating direct fire and can be used to train personnel in battle tactics with imitation of mutual defeat of the warring parties, mainly using small arms.

 Known lightweight laser simulator of simple design, capable of simulating small arms, but not simulating the input of aiming angles, depending on the firing range.

 The closest technical solution to the invention is a laser simulator of shooting and destruction, which consists of an optically coupled laser and an optical forming system placed on the weapon, and a photodetector placed on the target (target).

 The optically forming system is configured to move along the optical axis, which allows you to change the divergence of the laser radiation depending on the firing range and thereby take into account the distance to the target during simulation shooting.

 The disadvantage of this device is the lack of compensation of aiming angles when entering a range in the sighting device of a simulated weapon.

 When a certain aiming angle α is introduced into the weapon, the weapon barrel together with the simulator rises by an angle α, and a mismatch arises between the radiation axis of the simulator and the sight axis, leading to a deviation of the point of impact of the laser beam from the aiming point.

 It is necessary to compensate for the input of the aiming angle into the simulator by deflecting the radiation axis by an angle α with the opposite sign.

 Automatic compensation of the aiming angles in the indicated device is absent due to complexity, and the actions of the shooter to enter the angle α with the opposite sign are not typical for regular work with military weapons and lead to the development of improper weapon handling skills among personnel.

 Therefore, aiming angles are not entered during simulation shooting, and range entry is not carried out with a weapon sight, but with the help of a firing simulator flywheel, i.e. not by regular means.

 The aim of the invention is to approximate the simulation conditions to real ones by entering the aiming angles.

 To do this, in a shooting and destruction simulator containing optically coupled radiation source located on the weapon simulator, objects and a radiation receiver located on the target, a hit detection unit, a variable density filter is additionally installed in front of the lens, and the hit detection unit is made in the form of a threshold device.

In addition, the filter of variable density is made in the form of n circles having a common point of tangency, the centers of which lie on a vertical line with radii r ₁ <r ₂ <r ₃ <. <R _n and transmittances τ ₁ > τ ₂ > τ ₃ >.> τ _n .

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a laser simulator, shooting and destruction, 1 radiation source; 2 filter of variable density; 3 lens; 4 radiation receiver; 5 threshold device; in FIG. 2 arrangement of zones of the filter of variable density; in FIG. 3 distribution of the radiation power density P in the vertical section of the laser beam at ranges _Lmin (see Fig. 3, a) and L _max (see Fig. 3, b); in FIG. 4 illustrates the relationship between the geometric dimensions of the filter and the laser beam; in FIG. 5 shows the coordination of a firing simulator with a weapon, where 6 is a sight; 7 simulated weapons; 8 shooting simulator; 9 laser spot; 10 target; in FIG. 6, the operation of the firing and destruction simulator is explained, where 11 and 12 are the backlight spots from the radiation source 1.

 The radiation source 1, the filter 2 of variable density 2 and the lens 3 are optically paired with each other and placed on a simulated weapon 7 (see figure 5). The radiation receiver 4 with a threshold device 5 is placed on the target 10 (see figure 5).

 As a radiation source, a semiconductor laser with a lens can be used to obtain uniform illumination of the diaphragm 2 in the focal plane of the lens 3.

The radiation detector 4 to a threshold device 5 have a fixed threshold P _long (on the incident radiation power density).

The filter 2 of variable density (see figure 2) is made in the form of a diaphragm with a diameter of H and consists of n circles having a common point of tangency, the centers of n circles lie on a vertical line, and the n circles themselves have radii r ₁ <r ₂ <r ₃ <<r _n , and transmittances τ ₁ > τ ₂ > τ ₃ >.> τ _n .

 The filter 2 is located in the focal plane of the lens 3. The center of the filter lies on the axis of the lens 3.

Consider an example when the field of filter 2 has 5 circular zones (see Fig. 2): zone 2-1 with a diameter of H, zone 2-2 with a diameter of h ₂ , zone 2-3 with a diameter of h ₃ , zone 2-4 with a diameter of h ₄ and zone 2-5 with a diameter of C.

These zones may have the following transmittances τ
zone 2-5 τ ₅ 1;
zone 2-4 τ ₄ 1/4;
zone 2-3 τ ₃ 1/9;
zone 2-2 τ ₂ 1/16;
zone 2-1 τ ₁ 1/25.

The indicated values of τ ₁ -τ ₅ can be selected for good weather conditions, when the transmission of the atmosphere for a range of 100-500 m can be taken as 1.

The dimensions of the diaphragm zones at a focal length of the lens 3 f 100 mm can be selected as follows: H 0.6 mm, h ₂ 0.5 mm, h ₃ 0.34 mm, h ₄ 0.14 mm, C 0.06 mm.

These sizes are determined based on the following aiming angles at ranges of 100-500 m:
α ₅₀₀ 2.8˙ 10 ^-3 ;
α ₄₀₀ 2,3 · 10 ^-3 ;
α ₃₀₀ 1.3 ˙ 10 ^-3 ;
α ₂₀₀ 0.52˙ 10 ^-3 ;
α ₁₀₀ 0.

The firing simulator 8 is aligned with the sight 6 of the weapon 7 (see Fig. 5) so that for a range of 100 mm the center of the spot O ₁ coincides with the aiming point.

 A laser simulator of shooting and destruction works as follows: laser radiation is formed into a spot by the size and distribution of power density, depending on range (see figure 3).

At a range of L _{min the} vertical spot size at the level of P _then equal to H / f˙ L _min .

For L _min 100 m, N 0.6 mm, f 100 mm this is 0.6 m.

L_max.At a distance Lmax, the vertical spot size at the level of P _then equal

L _max .

For L _max 500 m, f 100 mm, C 0.06 mm this is 0.3 m.

An increase in the size of the laser spot is accompanied by a decrease in the power density in the spot. By choosing the initial distribution of the power density in the laser beam and the threshold power density of the radiation detector 4, it is possible to obtain a laser spot at the firing range with a power density corresponding to P _then , and the shift in the center of the spot depending on the distance will correspond to the law of changing the aiming angle of the weapon from range.

At a distance of 100 m, the radiation detector 4 is triggered at any point of the laser spot 12, since the power density in the spot 12 is greater than P _then .

At a distance of, for example, L 500 m, the radiation power density in the upper part of spot 12 (see Fig. 6) is less than P _then and in order for radiation detector 4 to detect radiation at target 10, the shooter must raise the weapon by an angle α (L) , i.e., direct the lower part of spot 12, namely, spot 11, the power density in which is greater than P _then, toward the target.

 Thus, the use of this device requires the arrow to enter the aiming angle into the weapon or to take it into account by taking the aiming point above the target, which corresponds to the requirements for shooting from real weapons. In this case, compensation for entering the aiming angle in the simulator is carried out automatically.

In addition, in this device, the size of the laser spot (at the level of P _then ) does not increase in proportion to L ² , but the power distribution in the beam, which avoids increasing the probability of hitting with an increase in range, not typical for real weapons.

Claims (2)

 1. LASER SHOT AND DAMAGE SIMULATOR containing optically coupled radiation source located on the weapon simulator, a lens and a radiation receiver located on the target, a hit detection unit, characterized in that, in order to approximate the simulation conditions to the real ones by entering aiming angles, the lens is additionally equipped with a variable density filter, and the hit detection unit is designed as a threshold device. 2. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter of variable density is made in the form of n circles having a common point of tangency, the centers of which lie on a vertical line, with radii r ₁ <r ₂ <r ₃ <. <R _n , and transmittances τ ₁ > τ ₂ > τ ₃ ...> τ _n

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