RU2536924C2 - Domestic animals fodder based on protein hydrolysate (version) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the fodder production, in particular, to fodders for domestic animals. The small breeds puppies fodder includes a functional meat protein in an amount of 11 wt %, functional feather keratin in an amount of 6 wt %, maize in an amount of 70 wt %, soya bean oil in an amount of 5 wt %, beetroot press cake in an amount of 8 wt %. The fodder for adult dogs over 8 years old includes the functional meat protein in an amount of 17.9 wt %, functional feather keratin in an amount of 6 wt %, maize in an amount of 70 wt %, soya bean oil in an amount of 3.5 wt %, beetroot press cake in an amount of 2.6 wt %. The mink fodder includes the functional meat protein in an amount of 10 wt %, functional feather keratin in an amount of 15 wt %, maize in an amount of 30 wt %, wheat bran in an amount of 10 wt %, animal feeding fat in an amount of 13 wt %, beetroot press cake in an amount of 22 wt %.

EFFECT: proposed invention usage will allow producing the domestic animals fodder, balanced in terms of the chemical composition and nutritional substances, with high accessibility and improved functional biological properties and ensuring the animals digestion normalisation and maximum usage of secondary low-value resources of the poultry processing enterprises.

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Description

The invention relates to the food industry, in particular to meat (poultry), and can be used to obtain dry protein feed.

Known meat food for dogs "CHAMPION +", designed to feed all breeds of dogs with a wide weight range. The feed contains, wt.%: Beef trimmings - 78-80, beef vein - 7-15, meat mass and / or koltyk and trachea - 3-7, salt - the rest. In addition, it may contain liver and / or spleen, blood in an amount of 1-5% [Patent RU 2106787 C1, 03/20/98. Bull. No. 8].

The disadvantage of this food is its insignificant content of mineral compounds and vitamins, high salt content, significant consumption of high-grade protein resources of nutritional value used in human nutrition.

Known dog food containing, wt.%: Meat trimmings - 2.01, lung - 41.58, spleen - 0.35, scar - 0.24, abomasum - 2.3, kaltyk - 0.33, lips - 0.41, ears - 0.24, udder - 21.3, blood - 31.24 [Patent RU 2277796 C2, publ. 07/26/06. Bull. No. 17].

The disadvantage of this food is its low content of vitamins and minerals.

Known feed for fur animals "Kormeh", containing, wt.%: Raw bone after meat boning, food blood, heads and beef and / or horse meat offal - scar, abomasum, trachea, kaltyk, ears, lips, testes and spleen, taken in the following ratio, wt.%: head - 44.5-64.5, bone - 8.6-10.6, scar - 5.4-7.4, abomasum - 3.5-5.5, trachea - 2.2-4.2, kaltyk - 0.3-2.3, ears - 0.3-2.3, lips - 0.3-2.3, testes - 0.3-2.3, spleen - 0.1-1.6, blood - the rest (see Russian patent N 2053683, IPC A23K 1/10, 02/10/96). This method is not suitable for feeding pets.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a method for producing dry protein feed (feather and meat and feather hydrolysates), as well as various feed additives. A method of obtaining a protein hydrolyzate from keratin-containing raw materials includes hydrolysis of the raw material with hydrochloric acid, followed by neutralization with sodium hydroxide, purification and drying of the protein hydrolyzate, before the hydrolysis of the raw material with hydrochloric acid, the raw material is hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide at a temperature of 120-130 ° C for 1-2 hours, and sodium hydroxide is used at a concentration 5-15%, and the mass ratio of raw materials to hydrochloric acid is 1: 3. In addition, after preliminary hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide, keratin-containing raw materials are ground. The method of obtaining the hydrolyzate allows you to get a high-quality feed product, characterized by high energy value compared to other feed additives (compared to feed flour, the number of feed units of the hydrolyzate is 5 times more). (Patent for invention No. 2206231. Author: Kutsakova V.E., Frolov S.V., Belova A.V., Polyakov K.Yu., Levakov V.V. Date of publication: June 20, 2003. Patent effective : July 17, 2001).

An object of the invention is the development of pet food based on protein hydrolyzate (option), balanced in chemical composition and nutrients, with high digestibility, improved functional biological properties, ensuring normalization of animal digestion and maximum use of secondary low-value resources of poultry processing enterprises.

The technical problem is achieved by the developed pet food based on protein hydrolyzate (options): food for puppies of small breeds, including the following components, wt.%: Functional meat protein (11), functional feather keratin (6), corn (70), oil soybean (5), dry beet pulp (8); food for adult dogs over 8 years of age, including the following components, wt.%: functional meat protein (17.9), functional feather keratin (6), corn (70), soybean oil (3.5), beet pulp (2 , 6); mink food, including functional meat protein (10), functional feather keratin (15), corn (30), wheat bran (10), animal feed fat (13), beet pulp (22); To balance this diet with methionine and tryptophan, 125 and 160 mg of DL-methionine and L-tryptophan, respectively, are introduced into the diet formulation.

To solve the technical problem of the invention, food (options) based on functional meat protein (FMP) and functional feather keratin (PCF) is proposed.

The key source of peptides in the composition of FMP and PCF are protein hydrolysates obtained by combining short-term hydrothermal processing and enzymatic conversion of collagen-containing raw materials, which are low-value products of poultry processing (meat and bone residue, frameworks, backs, necks, wings, feathers, etc.).

For research were used:

FMP - Chicken Protein Hydrolyzate “NDS PREMIUV 150” (State Registration Certificate No. RU. 77.99.57.003.E.041866.10.11 of 10.10.2011. Manufacturer: “PROLIVER BVBA”, Industrielaan 15A, B-225 Olen, Belgium) ;

FKP - feed hydrolyzed flour. protein concentrate from feather (TU 9219-094-23476484-09, developed by the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Poultry Processing Industry, M.O., Solnechnogorsk district, Rzhavka settlement).

Despite a wide range of animal feeds, the development of new specialized feeds for various age groups of dogs, for fur animals that differ in optimized composition taking into account all the physiological characteristics of animals, remains extremely relevant. Keratin-containing raw materials obtained from bird feathers have a determinate protein composition and, when hydrolyzed, produce peptides with high bifidogenic activity and tend to rapidly reproduce due to the development of the poultry industry. Their use as protein modules in the creation of animal feed is one of the methods for the biological and functional improvement of feed.

As the main protein ingredients, we have chosen: FMP and PCF.

Based on the results of studies on modeling the protein formula of feed, to create 100 g of feed for puppies of small breeds (FPK1), balanced in amino acid composition, 11 g of FMP, 6 g of PCF and 70 g of corn are needed. By mathematical calculations of the diet, taking into account the needs of puppies, it was found that 11 g of FMF contains from the total diet 0.11 feed units of metabolic energy, 9.6% of digestible protein, 0.1% fat, 1.0% ash. 6 g of PCF contains: exchange energy - 0.05 feed units, 5.3% digestible protein, 0.05% fat, 0.2% ash. 70 g of corn contains: exchange energy - 0.93 feed units, digestible protein - 5.1%, fat - 2.9%, nitrogen-free extractives - 2.8%, starch - 45.7%, fiber - 2.7 %, ash - 1.0% of the total diet. To replenish the diet for fat and energy, it is necessary to introduce 5 g of vegetable oil (soybean) in the recipe. At the same time, 5 g of this oil contains 0.02 feed units and 5% fat. Thus, the total total amounts of energy, digestible protein, fat, fiber correspond to the needs of animals. However, to bring the mass of the ingredients to 100 g, it is necessary to add another 8 g of the raw material with low nutritional value to the formulation. It is advisable to use dried beet pulp with this ingredient. 8 g of dried beet pulp contains from the total diet 0.06 feed units of metabolic energy, 0.2% digestible protein, 0.02% fat, 0.1% nitrogen-free extractives, 1.5% fiber and 0.08% ash .

Also, as a result of studies in the mathematical modeling of the protein formula of the designed puppy food, it was found that to compensate for the lack of tryptophan, it is necessary to introduce L-tryptophan at a dosage of 75.4 mg per 100 g of feed in the feed formulation. However, it must be taken into account that during heat treatment during the production of feed there is a loss of amino acids. Therefore, instead of 75.4 mg of L-tryptophan, 80 mg of it should be added to the diet.

Thus, we received 100 g of feed with the following formulation, wt.%: FMP - 11; FKP - 6, corn - 70, soybean oil - 5, dried beet pulp - 8, L-tryptophan - 0.08.

Experimental samples of FPK1 were developed, manufactured on the basis of GOST 22834-87 and in accordance with "Veterinary and sanitary standards and requirements for the quality of feed for non-productive animals" No. 13-7-2 / 1010 of July 15, 1997.

The resulting feed contains per 100 g of product: 1.1 feed units of metabolic energy, 20.2% of digestible protein, 8.07% of fat, 2.9% of nitrogen-free extractives, 45.7% of starch, 4.2% of fiber, 2 , 28% ash. The resulting formulation meets the needs of small breed puppies in accordance with the "Veterinary and sanitary standards and requirements for the quality of feed for unproductive animals" No. 13-7-2 / 1010 of July 15, 1997 (table 1).

When developing a feed ration for dogs older than 8 years (FPK 2) based on mathematical calculations of the protein module, to obtain 100 g of feed, it is necessary to use 17.9 g of FMP and 6 g of PCF. So, 17.9 g of FMP contains 0.18 feed units of metabolic energy, 15.6% of digestible protein, 0.16% of fat, 1.2% of ash. 6 g of the total diet. PCF contains per 100 g of product: metabolic energy - 0.05 feed units, digestible protein - 5.3%, fat - 0.05%, ash - 0.2%. As a grain component, corn was selected in the amount of 70 g per 100 g of feed. 70 g of corn contains from the total diet: 0.93 feed units of metabolic energy, 5.1% digestible protein, 2.9% fat, 2.8% nitrogen-free extractives, 45.7% starch, 2.7% fiber, 1 0% ash. To supplement the diet for fat, 3.5 g of soybean oil must be added to the recipe. It contains: 0.01 feed unit of metabolic energy and 3.5% fat. To supplement the ingredients up to 100 g, 2.6 g of a nutritious product of low nutritional value should be added to the diet formulation. Such an ingredient is dried beet pulp. 2.6 g of dried beet pulp contains from the total diet: 0.02 feed units of metabolic energy, 0.1% of digestible protein, 0.01% fat, 0.04% nitrogen-free extractives, 0.5% fiber and 0.03 % ash.

Thus, we received 100 g of food for dogs over 8 years old with the following recipe, wt.%: FMP - 17.9, FKP - 6, corn - 70, soybean oil - 3.5, dried beet pulp - 2.6.

Experimental samples of FPK 2 were developed, manufactured on the basis of GOST 22834-87 and in accordance with “Veterinary and sanitary standards and requirements for the quality of feed for non-productive animals” No. 13-7-2 / 1010 of July 15, 1997 in the amount of 20 kg .

The resulting feed contains per 100 g of product: metabolic energy - 1.19 feed units; digestible protein - 26.1%, fat - 6.61%, nitrogen-free extractive substances - 2.84%, starch - 45.7%, fiber - 3.2%, ash - 2.43%.

The resulting formulation meets the needs of the diet of food for dogs older than 8 years in accordance with the "Veterinary and sanitary standards and quality requirements for feed for non-productive animals" No. 13-7-2 / 1010 of July 15, 1997 (table 2).

When compiling a dry full-ration feed for minks (FPK3), balanced in terms of amino acid composition as the main protein components, the PMF and FPK were taken in the amount of 10 and 15 g, respectively, based on the results of the mathematical design of the protein formula. So, 10 g of FMP contains per 100 g of product: 0.1 feed unit of metabolic energy, 8.7% of digestible protein, 0.09% of fat, 0.7% of ash. 15 g of PCF contains: metabolic energy - 0.12 feed units, digestible protein - 13.2%, fat - 0.12%, ash - 0.5% of the total diet. As a grain component in the development of the diet formulation, corn was used in an amount of 30 g per 100 g of feed. So, 30 g of corn contains from the total diet: 0.4 feed units of metabolic energy, 2.2% of digestible protein, 1.3% of fat, 1.2% of nitrogen-free extractives, 1.2% of fiber, 0.4% ashes. To supplement the diet for fiber, wheat bran was used in an amount of 10 g per 100 g of feed. So, 10 g of wheat bran contain: exchange energy - 0.07 feed units, digestible protein - 1.1%, fat - 0.3%, nitrogen-free extractives - 5.3%, fiber - 1.2%, ash - 0.4% in terms of 100 g of feed. To supplement the diet for fat, animal fat with a feed mass of 13 g per 100 g of feed was included in the composition of the formulation. It contains 0.12 feed units of metabolic energy and 13% fat of the total diet. To bring the ingredients to a total weight of 100 g, dried beet pulp was included in the diet formulation in a volume of 22 g per 100 g of product. It contains from the total diet: 0.18 feed units of metabolic energy, 0.8% digestible protein, 0.1% fat, 0.4% nitrogen-free extractive substances, 4.3% fiber, 0.2% ash.

In the mathematical design of the protein formula, we found that this diet must be balanced for methionine and tryptophan, introducing DL-methionine at a dosage of 119.6 mg per 100 g of product and L-tryptophan at a dosage of 154.5 mg per 100 g of feed in the diet formulation . However, during heat treatment of the feed during its production, part of the amino acids will be destroyed. Therefore, instead of the prescribed dosages, 125 and 160 mg of DL-methionine and L-tryptophan, respectively, should be introduced into the diet formulation.

Thus, we received 100 g of mink food with the following recipe, wt.%: FMP - 10, FKP - 15, corn - 30, wheat bran - 10, animal feed fat - 13, dried beet pulp - 22.

To balance this diet with methionine and tryptophan, 125 and 160 mg of DL-methionine and L-tryptophan, respectively, are introduced into the diet formulation.

Experimental samples of FPK 3 were developed, made on the basis of GOST R 1166-98 “Compound feed for fur animals, rabbits and nutria” and in accordance with “Veterinary and sanitary standards and requirements for the quality of feed for unproductive animals” No. 13-7-2 / 1010 dated July 15, 1997

The resulting feed contains per 100 g of product: metabolic energy - 0.99 feed units; digestible protein - 26.0%, fat - 14.9%, nitrogen-free extractive substances - 6.9%, fiber - 6.3%, ash - 1.8% (table 3).

The resulting formulation meets the needs of minks in accordance with GOST R 1166-98 "Compound feed for fur animals, rabbits and nutria."

The total digestibility of the protein fraction of the FPK was expressed in% of the total protein content. Testing of the total nitrogen content in the initial FPK and in the residue after pepsin digestion for 48 h was carried out by the Kjedldahl method using a Kjeltec 8200 automatic nitrogen analyzer (Foss Tecator, Denmark). A standard conversion factor of 6.25 was used to calculate the total protein content. The results of testing the overall digestibility of FPK are presented in table 4.

In terms of total protein content, FPK1 and FPK2 fully comply with international standards governing the nutritional value of feed for non-productive animals (Recommendations of the American Association of American Feed Controllers for Animal Feed Quality Association AAFCO - Association of American Feed Control Officials). FPK1 and FPK2 were characterized by high digestibility of the protein fraction - more than 97.5%, which is important from the standpoint of nutrition of puppies and older dogs. The digestibility of the protein fraction of the feed for minks (FPK3) was about 93%.

Food is prepared as follows.

Chopped corn is added to the PMF and PCF. Separately, dried beet pulp and soybean oil are mixed. After that, all the ingredients of the feed are mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained. The finished feed is molded and dried to 12-15% moisture, cooled, packaged in airtight bags.

Example 1. To dried PMF and PCF, crushed corn is added. Separately, dried beet pulp and soybean oil are mixed. After that, all the ingredients of the feed are mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained. The finished feed is molded and dried to 12-15% moisture, cooled, packaged in airtight bags.

To obtain 100 kg of food for puppies of small breeds, the following ratio of components should be observed, wt.%:

Functional Meat Protein eleven Functional Keratin Pen 6 Corn 70 Soybean oil 5

Dried beet pulp

Example 2. To dried PMF and PCF, crushed corn is added. Separately, dried beet pulp and soybean oil are mixed. After that, all the ingredients of the feed are mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained. The finished feed is molded and dried to 12-15% moisture, cooled, packaged in airtight bags.

To obtain 100 kg of feed for adult dogs over 8 years old, the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Functional Meat Protein 17.9 Functional Keratin Pen 6 Corn 70 Soybean oil 3,5 Dried beet pulp 2.6

Example 3. To dried PMF and PCF, crushed corn and wheat bran are added. Separately mixed dried beet pulp and animal feed fat. After that, all the ingredients of the feed are mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained and 125 and 160 mg of DL-methionine and L-tryptophan, respectively, are introduced. The finished feed is molded and dried to 12-15% moisture, cooled, packaged in airtight bags.

Functional Meat Protein 10 Functional Keratin Pen fifteen Corn thirty Wheat bran 10 Animal feed fat 13 Dried beet pulp 22

Ready food is recommended for animals based on their weight.

The technical result consists in improving the quality of feed due to the balance of feed in amino acid composition and increasing nutritional and biological value, in normalizing digestion, increasing the biological safety of feed, maximizing the use of secondary resources of the enterprise, and in waste-free feed production. All components of the feed are valuable sources of metabolic energy, digestible protein, fat, ash, nitrogen-free extractives, starch, fiber and meet the needs of animals.

The alleged invention uses the results of intellectual activity obtained in the course of research work under the State contract of March 1, 2011 No. 16.512.11.2142 in the framework of the federal target program “Research and development in priority areas of development of the scientific and technological complex of Russia for 2007- 2013 years. "

Table 1 FPK1 feed formulation for puppies of small breeds Feed ingredients Exchange. energy, feed. units Digest protein,% Fat% BEV,% Starch,% Cellulose, % Ash% FMP, 11 g 0.11 9.6 0.1 - - - 1,0 FKP, 6 g 0.05 5.3 0.05 - - - 0.2 Corn, 70 g 0.93 5.1 2.9 2,8 45.7 2.7 1,0 Soybean Oil, 5 g 0.02 - 5 - - - - Beet pulp, dried, 8 g 0.06 0.2 0.02 0.1 1,5 0.08 Total 100 g feed 1,1 20,2 8.07 2.9 45.7 4.2 2.28 Needs* 0.7 twenty 8 Not standardized * - in accordance with the "Veterinary and sanitary standards and requirements for the quality of feed for non-productive animals" No. 13-7-2 / 1010 of July 15, 1997

table 2 FPK2 feed formulation for adult dogs over 8 years old Feed ingredients Exchange. energy, feed. units Digest protein,% Fat% BEV,% Starch,% Cellulose % Ash% FMP, 17.9 g 0.18 15.6 0.16 - - - 1,2 FKP, 6 g 0.05 5.3 0.05 - - - 0.2 Corn, 70 g 0.93 5.1 2.9 2,8 45.7 2.7 1.0 Soybean Oil, 3.5 g 0.01 - 3,5 - - - - Dried beet pulp, 2.6 g 0.02 0.1 0.01 0.04 0.5 0,03 Only 100 g of feed 1.19 26.1 6.61 2.84 45.7 3.2 2.43 Needs* 0.3 26 6.5 Not standardized * - in accordance with the "Veterinary and sanitary standards and requirements for the quality of feed for non-productive animals" No. 13-7-2 / 1010 of July 15, 1997

Table 3 FPCZ feed formulation for fur animals Feed ingredients Exchange. energy, feed. units Digest protein,% Fat% BEV,% Cellulose, % Ash% FMP, 10 g 0.1 8.7 0.09 - - 0.7 FKP, 15 g 0.12 13,2 0.12 - - 0.5 Corn, 30 g 0.4 2.2 1.3 1,2 1,2 0.4 Wheat bran, 10 g 0,07 1,1 0.3 5.3 0.8 0.5 Animal fat, feed, 13 g 0.12 - 13 - - - Dried beet pulp, 22 g 0.18 0.8 0.1 0.4 4.3 0.2 Total 0.99 26.0 14.9 6.9 6.3 1.8 Needs* 0.8 22 fifteen 1,5 1,0 * - in accordance with GOST R 1166-98 "Compound feed for fur animals, rabbits and nutria"

Table 4 Protein content and general digestibility of FPK. FPP parameter mass fraction of protein,% total digestibility,% FPK1 25.41 ± 0.37 97.64 ± 0.31 FPK2 20.58 ± 0.22 97.66 ± 0, b8 FPK3 27.49 ± 1.03 93.43 ± 0.77

Claims (4)

1. Food for puppies of small breeds, including functional meat protein, functional feather keratin, corn, soybean oil, beet pulp, in the following ratio, wt.%
Functional Meat Protein eleven Functional Keratin Pen 6 Corn 70 Soybean oil 5 Dried beet pulp 8 2. Food for adult dogs over 8 years old, including functional meat protein, functional feather keratin, corn, soybean oil, beet pulp, in the following ratio, wt.%
Functional Meat Protein 17.9 Functional Keratin Pen 6 Corn 70 Soybean oil 3,5 Dried beet pulp 2.6 3. Mink food, including functional meat protein, functional feather keratin, corn, wheat bran, animal fodder fat, beet pulp, in the following ratio, wt.%
Functional Meat Protein 10 Functional Keratin Pen fifteen Corn thirty Wheat bran 10 Animal feed fat 13 Dried beet pulp 22 4. Food according to claim 3, characterized in that to balance this diet with methionine and tryptophan, 125 and 160 mg of DL-methionine and L-tryptophan, respectively, are introduced into the diet formulation.