RU2533957C1 - Method of recovery and strengthening mouldboard of plough body - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: after removal of the worn part of the mouldboard the profiled insert is welded with one fastening weld, which is applied on the operating side of the mouldboard surface. The insert size is selected from the condition of the said weld location outside the intensive wear of the mouldboard. The reinforcing rollers are welded in the area of recovery with their outlet to the zone of expected beam-shaped wear of the mouldboard with deep penetration of the base metal. The wear-resistant electrode material is used for welding deposition, which provides hardness of the rollers of 58-62 HRC. The rollers are located perpendicular to soil movement at a distance of 20 mm from each other to create a composite surface.

EFFECT: method enables to increase the abrasive wear resistance of the mouldboard through creation of its composite surface.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering and machine repair, in particular to the restoration and simultaneous hardening of plow dumps.

Known plow body dump, where it is recommended to restore it by installing a profile insert in a pre-removed extremely worn area, and its fastening occurs due to welding of reinforcing rollers at a given angle to the joint plane with a coulter exit to the working surface, simultaneously performing the function of hardening and welds [ one]. That is, short welds are formed around the perimeter of the junction line of the insert and the blade.

The disadvantage of a similarly restored blade will be an increase in the likelihood of sticking of the working surface (especially during the running-in period) due to the creation of periodically repeating irregularities - corrugations. The presence on the contact surface of the reinforcing rollers leads to increased wear resistance, but still insufficient for a significant increase in resource due to surfacing of the rollers with an electrode with a low-carbon core. The use of such an electrode material cannot provide high hardness of the working surface. It is also doubtful that the strength of the welded joint and the rigidity of the restored part are ensured, especially when plowing heavy and rocky soils.

The prototype is the construction of the plow body blade, which involves performing operations to restore it by welding a heat-strengthened insert into a previously removed worn area by suturing on both sides. The insert is preliminarily subjected to heat treatment for a hardness of 50-60 HRC [2].

In this case, the restoration is associated with ensuring the hardness of the insert to 60 HRC, which will create difficulties with its manufacture, because it is required to obtain a product with a given radius of curvature of a sufficiently large area. Heat treatment to such hardness will create difficulties in obtaining a given radius or require additional technological operations due to the negative effect of residual stresses on the dimensional stability of the part. In addition, in the event of shock loads, the likelihood of destruction of both the insert itself and the restoration area along the weld increases. To ensure such hardness, it is necessary to use steels with a sufficiently high carbon content, the more so the restoration involves through heat treatment. The proposed design does not consider measures to prevent and inhibit wear on other parts of the blade.

An object of the invention is the resumption of the working capacity of the blade, increasing the resistance of the recovery area and the zone of expected lucid wear to abrasive wear, increasing the durability of the part, as well as the use of recycled materials as a material during recovery.

The task is achieved by removing the extremely worn part of the blade and welding a profile insert that is suitable for use and meets the agrotechnical requirements, copying the geometrical shape and dimensions of the restored area with the subsequent creation of a wear-resistant composite surface with high abrasive wear resistance on its surface and in the area of the expected lucid wear. The plate is made of material (steel) of the pipes of the main gas pipelines of the corresponding radius of curvature after they are taken out of service. The dimensions of the profile plate should be such that the fastening welds are outside the zone of intense wear. Welding of the profile insert is carried out along its perimeter by suturing only from the side of the working surface by electric arc welding. To ensure high resistance to abrasion, rollers are welded onto the surface of the insert with electrode material, which ensures their high hardness, which are perpendicular to the movement of soil along the working surface of the blade, i.e. surfacing reinforcement is produced. Surfacing is carried out with deep penetration in such a way that their minimum protrusion relative to the surface of the base metal is achieved. The applied surfacing material must ensure the hardness of the deposited material is not less than the surface hardness specified by the technical conditions for the manufacture of these parts (HRC58-62). The rollers should be placed at a distance of 20 mm from each other, providing the condition for creating a composite surface. (Such a step was determined on the basis of experimental studies. Its reduction leads to a violation of the shape and geometrical parameters of the recovered region and makes the blade unusable. An increase in the pitch does not ensure the creation of a composite surface.) In this case, the insert metal is the base (matrix) with surface hardness 180-200 HB, and the deposited metal performs the function of a reinforcing filler (hardener) with a hardness of about 600 HB.

This combination of soft matrix and hard hardening components creates the condition for increasing the resistance to abrasive wear while maintaining the strength and rigidity of the part as a whole. The arrangement of the rollers perpendicular to the movement of the abrasive particles also contributes to wear resistance.

The absence of protruding parts of the surfacing will avoid sticking to the working surface of the blade and increase traction resistance. The presence of one-sided welding without cutting helps simplify the replacement of the insert during repeated restoration, as partial abrasion of the seam occurs. In addition, the exit of the reinforcing rollers beyond the plate into the zone of the expected lucid wear prevents and inhibits its formation and development.

The claimed method is carried out due to the following factors: the life of the part is restored by welding a profile plate that copies the size of the worn-out area (with a slight increase in size to the larger side), the shape of which is similar to the worn-out area, and it is made from recycled materials - gas pipes with the same radius of curvature as the restored section of the blade; creating high resistance to abrasive wear in a local (limited) area due to the formation of a composite surface by surfacing with deep penetration of high hardness rollers NKS58-62 with a pitch of 20 mm and covering the restoration region and the zone of possible formation of lucid wear.

The proposed method allows you to resume lost performance by replacing the extremely worn area by welding the profile plate (or replacement plate) of the appropriate shape and size, provides the ability to repeatedly restore the blade with its periodic change, thereby increasing durability. Carrying out surfacing reinforcement of the recovery area with access to the zone of the most likely formation of lucid wear by surfacing of a wear-resistant alloy with deep penetration will create a wear-resistant composite surface and increase its resistance to abrasive wear. In addition, high durability of the blade is ensured by increasing abrasion resistance. The use of secondary raw materials avoids the technological operation of manufacturing the plate and reduce the cost of recovery.

A comparative analysis of the proposed solution with the prototype shows that the claimed method differs from the known one in that the profile insert is made from recycled materials - pipes of main gas pipelines of the corresponding radius of curvature and is not subjected to heat hardening treatment. The plate is welded only from the working side of the blade. Improving the resistance to abrasion is achieved by creating a composite surface by forming rollers on the working surface of the restored area with the coverage of the probable zone of formation of illusory wear. The rollers are applied with deep penetration by surfacing material, providing their high hardness (in comparison with the base metal), located at a distance of 20 mm from each other perpendicular to the path of the soil.

Thus, the claimed method meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

Known technological solutions involve the restoration of dumps by fastening instead of the worn part of the profile insert copying it; in the case of an analog, the fastening is carried out by means of reinforcing rollers without deep penetration of the base metal, leaving the working, serviceable part of the blade and creating a pronounced corrugated profile; in the case of the prototype, the fastening is carried out by welding a heat-strengthened plate by applying rollers around the perimeter from two sides, which is absent in the proposed method, where there is welding by applying one seam around the perimeter of the joint only from the working side.

Other distinctive features of the proposed method are: reinforcing with deep penetration of the base metal by electrode material, which provides high hardness of the surface of the deposited rollers in comparison with the base metal, thereby creating a composite surface and the reinforcing rollers exit beyond the recovery region into the zone of the expected formation of lucid wear. Such surfacing provides a minimum protrusion of the rollers above the working surface. As a result, the above arguments allow us to conclude that the proposed method meets the criterion of "significant differences".

Figure 1 shows the restored and hardened blade: 1 - restored blade; 2 - profile insert; 3 - welding seam; 4 - zone of probable wear; 5 - reinforcing roller.

The restoration of a share with a cultural work surface is carried out according to the following technological scheme.

1. Removal of extremely worn parts.

2. Preparation (cutting) of the plate from the pipe of the corresponding radius of curvature.

3. Welding the plate by suturing along the perimeter of the insert only from the side of the working surface.

4. Surfacing of reinforcing rollers in the recovery area, covering the zone of expected wear.

The method, in addition, is technologically simple to implement, does not require special equipment and highly skilled performers.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 115609 / U1, 05/10/2012.

2. RF patent No. 92823 / U1, 04/10/2010.

Claims (1)

A method for restoring a blade of a plow body with its simultaneous hardening, including removing the worn part of the blade, welding a profile insert having the shape and dimensions of a restored part of the blade with a welding seam, and surfacing the reinforcing rollers in the restoration area, characterized in that the profile insert is welded with one fixing seam, which is imposed on the working side of the surface of the blade, the size of the insert is selected from the condition of the location of the said seam outside the zone of intensive wear of the blade, and avku reinforcing beads produce their yield in the expected zone luchevidnogo blade wear deep penetration of the base metal, the cladding used for wear-resistant electrode material, the hardness of the rollers provides 58-62 HRC, and a displacement of the rollers perpendicular to the soil at a distance of 20 mm from each other.