RU2413601C1 - Method to recover plowshares - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building and repair of agricultural machinery, particularly, to recovery of plowshares tips. In compliance with this invention, steel cover element is cut out to be welded to worn-out surface of plowshare front part. Also, reinforcing rolls are welded on surface of possible areas wherein star wear is expected. Said steel cover element represents a pre-sharpened plate with thickness that corresponds to that of recovered plate, but not over 6 mm, that repeats geometry of chisel-type share which is cut out from hardened strip of secondary steel. Note here that width of the plate extension corresponds to shape chisel width. Welding is carried out on arranging plate lower edge parallel to plow blade, while front edge is aligned with landward edge shape.

EFFECT: simplified recovery, reducing probability of occurrence on deformations and fractures in 5-6 mm-thick plowshares.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering and machine repair, in particular to the manufacture, restoration and hardening of plow shares operating under conditions of abrasive wear, in order to extend their service life.

A known method of restoring a worn sock of a ploughshare by a blacksmith guy [1].

The disadvantage of this method is the decrease in strength of the sock, the need for heat treatment, the inability to re-restore and the low resource after recovery due to the accelerated appearance of lucid wear in the field of the crop edge.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a method of welding the toe and blade and their subsequent hardening. Worn ploughshare geometry is removed by cutting off the bow and its straight section to a width of 25 mm, followed by two-sided welding of the toe and blade attachments. The patch toe is subjected to hot molding, copying the front part of the worn part, while its hardfacing is performed on top of a concave surface at a width of 60-80 mm, a thickness of 2.0-2.5 mm. This plate is welded to the ploughshare body 24 mm below the rectilinear portion of the blade to ensure shape factor. After surfacing, the ploughshare is subjected to mechanical processing - sharpening [2].

The disadvantages of this method are: the complexity of the technological process due to a significant number of operations (cutting a worn nose and blade parts, cutting out overhead elements, hot forming them to give concavity, welding in compliance with the dimensional factor, surfacing on the nose of a hard alloy, sharpening); a tendency to the appearance of deformations and kinks, especially increasing with a decrease in the share thickness to 5 ... 6 mm; low resource due to accelerated formation of radial wear.

The technical result of the invention is the simplification of recovery technology, reducing the likelihood of deformations and fractures, the ability to recover shares with a thickness of 5 ... 6 mm and increasing their resource.

The specified technical result is achieved by cutting a steel patch and welding it onto a worn working surface of the front part of the plowshare with subsequent surfacing of the reinforcing rollers in the expected area of formation of wound wear, while a pre-sharpened plate with a thickness corresponding to the thickness is used as a steel patch of the restored part, but not more than 6 mm, copying the geometrical shape of the chisel ploughshare and cut out of hardened th strip of secondary raw materials with increased hardness, while the width of the protruding lower part of the plate corresponds to the width of the share ploughshare, welding is carried out by placing the lower edge of the plate parallel to the share blade, and the front edge of the plate is combined with the contour of the field edge.

Cutting of plates is made from recycled materials, for example, from rejected parts in the form of strips that have undergone hardening treatment. Then the plate thickness corresponds to the thickness of this part, but not more than 6 mm. The technological process boils down to four operations: cutting overhead elements, sharpening, welding, surfacing reinforcement. The use of this method leads to an increase in the stiffness of the sock, which, in turn, reduces the likelihood of deformation of the bow of the share during operation and makes it possible to restore parts with a thickness of 5 ... 6 mm. The use of surfacing reinforcement provides an increase in resistance to the formation of lateral wear, thereby increasing the resource of the part. This allows us to conclude that this method meets the criterion of "novelty."

The proposed method makes it possible to exclude the operation segments of the blade and nose parts, hot forming of the patch element, hardfacing, subsequent machining. In addition, the method eliminates the strict observance of the dimensional factor when welding an additional element and involves carrying out surfacing reinforcement in the zone of expected wear. Thus, the claimed method meets the criteria of the invention "significant differences".

The drawing shows a ploughshare restored according to the new method described above, where

1 - the working surface of the share;

2 - welded steel plate;

3 - field crop;

4 - welds;

5 - reinforcing rollers;

6 - area of lucid wear.

The implementation of the claimed method is illustrated by the example of restoring the health of worn plow shares of the brand P-702. A steel plate (2) is welded to the working surface (1) of the front part of the plow share with 4 mm diameter welding electrodes of the E46-MG-EPS-4,4-UO grade with a current strength of 140-160A so that its front edge is aligned with the contour field cutoff (3). The cutting of the plate is carried out from secondary raw materials - springs of cars and carts, which have lost their elastic properties, but have retained significant hardness, which helps to increase abrasive wear resistance. Welds (4) are superimposed at the joints and along the field edge. The width of the protruding lower part (1) should correspond to the width of the bit of a standard share. The total width of the additional element is determined by the amount of wear or the width of the applied spring. From practical experience it is known that a smaller overall width provides a relatively better burial depth of the share and reduces the traction resistance of the unit. The length of the plate is limited by the size and form of wear of the share of the share. Surfacing reinforcement (5) in the area of lucid wear (6) is made by the same brand of electrode and with the same mode parameters. The distance between the reinforcing rollers is 30 mm.

Field tests showed the provision of a resource for reconstructed shares of at least 100% of factory-made parts. Deformations and kinks amounted to no more than 7 ... 10% of the total number of experimental products.

Information sources

1. Puchin EA, Novikov B.C., Ochkovsky N.A. et al. Machine repair technology. Ed. E.A. Puchina. - M.: “KolosS”, 2007. - 488 p.: Ill.

2. Patent No. 2125507, cl. B23P 6/00, 1999.

Claims (2)

1. A method of restoring and hardening the bow of a plow share, including cutting a steel patch and welding it onto a worn working surface of the front of the plow share, followed by surfacing of reinforcing rollers in the expected area of formation of wound wear, characterized in that they are preliminarily used as a steel patch a sharpened plate with a thickness corresponding to the thickness of the part being restored, but not more than 6 mm, copying the geometric shape of the chisel-like share cut from a hardened strip of secondary raw materials with increased hardness, while the width of the protruding lower part of the plate corresponds to the width of the share ploughshare, welding is carried out when placing the lower edge of the plate parallel to the share blade, and the front edge of the plate is combined with the contour of the field edge. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a secondary raw material with increased hardness, car springs and carts are used for making reinforced strips from them.