RU2529074C2 - Throttle with automatic cleaning of throttling channel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil-and-gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to oil industry and can be used for operation of flowing gas and oil wells. This device consists of the case fitted in discharge pipe axial channel while male adapter with lengthwise grooves and needle holder is fitted in said case. Case opposite side is equipped with barrel provided with circular ledges to make a circular chamber with said case. Said chamber accommodates spring-loaded circular piston with end valve resting on seat at circular ledge end face. Circular piston and end valve make with the case the circular chamber communicated hydraulically via several bores in the case body with circular channel between said case and discharge pipe. Pusher is arranged inside circular chamber to rest on circular piston and equipped with holder with nozzle pressed by the nut to make a sliding joint with needle holder. Barrel body has radial bores for connection of circular chamber under circular piston with the barrel axial channel overlapped at initial position of end valve body. Said barrel is equipped with adjusting nut for spring hold down. Circular chamber between said barrel and pusher is communicated by drain bore with barrel axial channel.

EFFECT: lower hydraulic drag, higher reliability of structure.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry, in particular to wellhead control devices for operating gushing oil and gas wells.

Known design direct-flow adjustable fitting (see. "Reference manual on the gas-lift method of operating wells" Yu.V. Zaitsev, R. A. Maksutov, O. V. Churbanov and others. - M .: "Nedra", 1984 .115-116).

The device consists of a hollow body, in the axial channel of which a nozzle is placed, a tip on the bottom of the hollow piston mounted axisymmetrically to the nozzle, which in turn is connected via ball engagement with a nut on the outside of the hollow body.

By moving the tip, the cross-sectional area of the nozzle channel is changed, which leads to a change in the flow rate of the formation fluid.

Nevertheless, if it is possible to change the flow rate of the well due to the reciprocating movement of the tip, it is impossible to automatically clean the throttling channel from deposits and the presence of mechanical impurities.

Known valve device (see AS No. 1440574, M. CL E21B 34/06, publ. 30.11.88, bull. No. 44).

The device consists of a cylindrical body with receiving and discharge chambers communicating with each other through an axial channel in which a stepped sleeve is installed. In the body of the stepped sleeve made radial holes equipped with nozzles. A throttle is installed axisymmetrically, into the axial channel of which a rod is introduced, equipped with a hydraulic drive in the form of a spring-loaded sleeve with a clamp. Outside, a step sleeve is installed on the sleeve with the formation of a chamber between them, hydraulically connected to the discharge chamber. The stepped sleeve is equipped with a spring-loaded spool with a retainer.

In the event of a change in the pressure drop across the nozzle, for example, when it is clogged with mechanical impurities or gas hydrate deposits, an excess of the calculated pressure drop on the sleeve cross section occurs. This leads to its movement towards the outlet chamber and the impact on the spool, which compresses the spring, with its removal from the clamp, which leads to the formation of a hydraulic connection between the receiving chamber and the outlet through the radial holes in the body of the step sleeve. At the same time, when moving the sleeve with which the rod is connected, the latter is introduced into the axial channel of the throttle with the action of mechanical impurities or gas hydrates on the layer with their destruction and removal. In this case, the differential pressure is equalized to the calculated one, and the rod returns to its original position by the force of a pre-compressed spring with the continuation of the process of producing reservoir fluid through the axial channel of the throttle.

The disadvantages of the design include its complexity and the inability to configure for a given technological mode of operation:

- the complexity of mounting the device in the axial channel of the housing, which is associated with the need to screw into the thread of the stepped sleeve.

A known design of a valve device for controlling the operation of a gas and oil well (see AS No. 1624130, M. class. E21B 34/16, publ. 30.01.91, bull. No. 4). The device consists of a housing with a receiving and a discharge chamber, which are interconnected through the axial channel of the throttle. To clean its axial channel there is a rod with a drive.

The device is equipped with a glass mounted in the upper part of the housing. The landing seat is located in the lower part of the housing with a spring-loaded piston equipped with an annular protrusion and an end valve resting on the seat.

An annular protrusion of a spring-loaded piston is placed in the annular chamber formed by the glass and the seat, which can interact with the end surface of the glass and the seat. The cleaning rod of the axial channel of the throttle, as well as the receiving chamber are located in the axial channel of the spring-loaded piston.

The drive rod clean made in the form of a spring-loaded pusher installed in the housing, with the possibility of interaction with the spring-loaded piston. The annular cavity has the ability to hydraulically connect to the discharge chamber. For inclusion in the composition of the outlet pipe of the fishing manifold, the housing is equipped with inlet and outlet pipes.

The operation of the device. The formation fluid through the inlet channel, the annular cavity and the radial slots enters the receiving chamber with the retention of large mechanical particles. Formation fluid is supplied through an axial throttling channel to a discharge chamber and then through a discharge channel to a discharge line. A piston with a mechanical valve is pressed against the seat by spring force and overpressure on the annular protrusion from the side of the bore.

The pusher is in its lowest position and is held in it by a spring with adjustment for the calculated pressure drop. When the axial throttling channel is clogged with mechanical impurities or gas hydrates, an increase in the pressure drop between the inlet and outlet lines occurs. This leads to a change in the forces on the power piston of the pusher and the rod moves up to the stop in the piston with the end valve detached from the seat and the reservoir fluid is supplied under the piston with its sharp upward movement. Radial slots pass relative to the sharp edges on the glass, which leads to the removal of sediment and solids.

At the same time, the rod enters the axial throttling channel with the interaction of the sediment layer on its inner surface.

The pressure drop is restored to the calculated one.

By the force of a compressed spring, the power piston of the pusher returns to its original position, the pusher also moves down.

The rod with the piston returns to its original position with the mechanical valve nozzle on the seat and the transition to the production of reservoir fluid through an axial throttling channel.

The disadvantages of the design of the device include:

- the complexity of installing the device on the old well stock, where it is difficult to choose an affordable installation location, and it is also necessary to carry out hot work;

- multiple changes in the direction of flow of the reservoir fluid in the device leads to a sufficiently large hydraulic loss, which is especially necessary to consider when equipping wells with a small pressure drop.

The technical result that can be obtained by implementing the proposed invention is as follows:

- reduction of local hydraulic resistance in the flow of produced reservoir fluid;

- improving the reliability of the structure by reducing the impact of abrasive particles on structural parts;

- the ability to install the device in the axial channel of the outlet pipe without additional operations when re-equipping the wells with the exception of hot work at the mouth.

The technical result is achieved in that the throttle with automatic cleaning of the nozzle throttling channel consists of a housing with a receiving and discharge chambers, a branch pipe, a pusher, a spring-loaded annular piston with an end valve, a landing seat, a nozzle and a cleaning needle.

The housing is equipped with a screwdriver with longitudinal grooves and a needle holder with an axial channel connected bypass holes with a throttling ring channel of the nozzle formed by the nozzle and the needle. The glass is equipped with a protrusion and is connected with the housing by a thread with the formation of an annular chamber between them, in which an annular piston with an end valve is installed, which can be supported on the landing seat at the end of the protrusion and overlap the holes in the body of the glass in the initial position. The nozzle holder is installed in the axial channel of the pusher with the possibility of forming a movable connection of the needle holder with a nut equipped with a seal. The glass is equipped with an adjusting nut, and the annular cavity between the pusher and the glass is connected by a drainage hole with its axial channel.

The design of the device is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 - the device in the context, in the initial operating position of the parts;

figure 2. - the device in the context, in the position of the parts when cleaning the throttling channel from deposits.

The throttle with automatic cleaning of the throttling channel consists of a housing 1 with an external connecting thread 2, at one of the ends connected with the outlet pipe 3. Inside the housing 1 there is a screw 4 with longitudinal grooves 5 around the perimeter, on its outer side facing the wall of the outlet pipe 3. Axially symmetrically, in the top 4, a needle holder 6 with a needle 7 is installed. On the opposite side in the axial channel of the housing 1 there is a glass 8 with an annular protrusion 9 with the formation of an annular cavity 10 in which there is a ring ev piston 11 with an end valve 12, based on the landing seat 13, made on the end surface of the annular protrusion 9. The annular piston 11 is installed with the formation of the annular chamber 14, hydraulically connected by a number of holes 15 in the body of the housing 1 with the annular channel 16 formed by the housing 1 with a discharge pipe 3, which is hydraulically connected through the longitudinal grooves 5 of the screwdriver 4 with the supply chamber 17.

A pusher 18 is mounted inside the axial channel of the housing 1, resting on an annular piston 11, equipped with a nozzle holder 19 with a nozzle 20, a compressible nut 21, which forms a movable connection with the needle holder 6.

The needle holder 6 is made hollow with a bypass channel 22, which is hydraulically connected bypass holes 23 with a throttling annular channel 24 of the nozzle 20 formed with a needle 7.

The glass 8 is equipped with an adjusting nut 25 for pressing the spring 26 of the annular piston 11 with an end valve 12 mounted on the landing seat 13, with the overlapping of the holes 27 extending into the axial channel 28 connected to the discharge chamber 29.

The axial channel 28 is also hydraulically connected by the drainage hole 30 with the annular cavity 10.

The throttle with automatic cleaning of the throttling annular channel 24 of the nozzle 20 operates as follows.

The complete assembly is installed in the axial channel of the outlet pipe 3. At the wellhead, the formation fluid is supplied under pressure into the supply chamber 17, from where the flow is supplied to the needle holder channel 6 and then through the bypass holes 23, the throttling annular channel 24 of the nozzle 20 with the axial outlet the channel 28 of the cup 8 connected to the outlet chamber 29. The overpressure of the formation fluid from the inlet chamber 17 through the longitudinal grooves 5 and the annular chamber 16 is in communication with the annular cavity 14 under the annular piston 11. The force, Vai spring 26 balances the force from the pressure differential acting on the annular piston 11 from the annular cavity 14. In this position, the operation is carried out well with the calculated flow rate and the calculated differential pressure. When clogging the throttling annular channel 24 with mechanical impurities or gas hydrates, the well operating mode changes with an increase in the pressure drop between the receiving 17 and the outlet 29 chambers. The excess pressure of the reservoir fluid, which is perceived by the cross-sectional area of the annular piston 11, the latter moves towards the vertice 4 with the mechanical valve 12 detached from the landing seat 13. In this case, the annular piston 11 moves even more towards the vertice 4 with the end contact with the latter. The nut 21 of the nozzle holder 19 slides along the surface of the needle holder 6 with its introduction into the axial channel of the nozzle 20 and the cleaning of its inner surface from deposits. Formation fluid flows freely or with increased flow from the discharge chamber 17 through the longitudinal grooves 5, the annular chamber 16, a series of holes 15 in the body of the housing 1 and openings 27 in the body of the glass 8 into its axial channel 28 with a flow into the discharge chamber 29. the calculated flow rate, the pressure drop between the inlet 17 and outlet 29 chambers is reduced, which leads to the return of the annular piston 11 with the end valve 12 by the force of the compressed spring 26 to the seat saddle 13 with the termination of the hydraulic connection of the annular chamber 14 with the axial channel 28 s takana 8. The nozzle holder 19 together with the pusher 18 returns to its original position with continued supply of formation fluid through the throttling annular channel 24 of the nozzle 20 in the previous design mode.

Claims (1)

Throttle with automatic cleaning of the nozzle throttling channel, consisting of a housing with a receiving and discharge chambers, a discharge pipe, a pusher, a spring-loaded annular piston with an end valve of the seat, nozzle, and needle, characterized in that the housing is equipped with a screwdriver with longitudinal grooves and a needle holder made with an axial channel hydraulically connected bypass holes with a throttling annular channel of the nozzle formed by a nozzle and a needle, a glass with a protrusion associated with the housing, with the formation between them an annular chamber, in which an annular piston with an end valve is placed, with the possibility of support on the landing seat at the end of the protrusion and overlapping holes in the body of the glass in the initial position, the nozzle holder is installed in the axial channel of the pusher with the possibility of the formation of a movable connection of the needle holder with a nut, and the glass equipped with an adjusting nut, and the annular cavity between it and the pusher is connected by a drainage hole to the axial channel of the glass.

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