RU2581075C2 - Regulated valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: valve comprises two half-bodies with supply and outgoing channels, in which grooves are made, and seats are installed. In one of the half-bodies a cylindrical bore is made, inside it on an axle of rotation a disk gate with a tooth sector is installed, it is linked with a drive in the form of a shaft-pinion. In the disk gate a seating hole is made for the seat, in it a replaceable throttling union is installed. In the half-bodies cylindrical bores are made, in one of them a regulating elements is located, it contains a slotted bushing, a thread bushing with an internal ring collar, on which a stem sleeve rests by an external ring collar, it passes inside the slotted bushing. Inside the thread bushing a follower is installed on a spring. In another half-body in the cylindrical bore the slotted bushing is installed with an internal ring collar, pressed to the end face of the disk gate by the thread bushing. The internal ring collar of the tread bushing has a seat, it supports the spring-loaded ball valve. Inside the thread bushing on the thread a follower is installed with a possibility of interaction with the ball valve. The axial channel of the thread bushing is connected by drain holes with an atmosphere. The cylindrical bores in the half-bodies are made at the same distance from the dick gate rotation, as the bores for the seats and replaceable throttling union.

EFFECT: increased valve reliability.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry, in particular to wellhead regulating devices for the operation of flowing oil and gas wells.

The design of a straight-through adjustable nozzle is known (see "Reference manual on the gas-lift method of operating wells", Yu.V. Zaitsev, R.A. Muksutov, O.V. Churbakov, etc. - M .: "Nedra", 1984, p. 115-116).

The device consists of a hollow body, in the axial channel of which a nozzle is placed. A tip is installed on the bottom of the hollow piston symmetrically to the nozzle nozzle channel, which is connected through ball engagement with a nut on the outside of the hollow body.

Due to the axial movement of the tip, the cross-sectional area of the channel of the nozzle nozzle is changed. Thereby, a change in the flow rate of the formation fluid is provided. However, it is impossible to replace the nozzle nozzle without dismantling the device from the installation site by moving the tip. It is also impossible to clean the throttle channel from deposits and the presence of mechanical impurities.

Known valve device (see ed. St. No. 1.440.574, M. class. E21B 34/06, publ. 11/30/1988, bull. No. 44).

The device consists of a cylindrical body with receiving and discharge chambers communicating with each other through an axial channel in which a stepped sleeve is installed. In the body of the stepped sleeve made radial holes equipped with nozzles. A throttle is installed axisymmetrically, into the axial channel of which a rod is introduced, equipped with a hydraulic drive in the form of a spring-loaded sleeve with a clamp. Outside, a step sleeve is installed on the sleeve with the formation of a chamber between them, hydraulically connected to the discharge chamber. The stepped sleeve is equipped with a spring-loaded spool with a retainer.

In the event of a change in the pressure drop across the nozzle, for example, when it is clogged with mechanical impurities or gas hydrate deposits, the pressure exerted by the calculated pressure drop on the sleeve cross section is affected. This leads to its movement towards the outlet chamber and the impact on the spool, which compresses the spring and removes it from the latch, which leads to the formation of a hydraulic connection between the receiving chamber and the outlet chamber through radial holes in the body of the step sleeve. At the same time, when moving the sleeve with which the rod is connected, the latter is introduced into the axial channel of the throttle and acts on the layer of mechanical impurities or gas hydrates, with their destruction and removal. In this case, the differential pressure is equalized to the calculated one, and the rod returns to its original position by the force of a pre-compressed spring with the continuation of the production of formation fluid through the axial channel of the throttle.

The disadvantages of the design include the following:

- the inability to configure the device for a given technological mode of operation without dismantling from the place of use;

- the complexity of mounting the device in the axial channel of the housing, which is associated with the need to screw it into the pipe.

In addition, during operation of the device, conditions arise for clogging the passage channel of the nozzle nozzle with mechanical impurities or gas hydrates with a change in the operating mode for the worse. At the same time, it is not possible to restore the operability of the device without dismantling from the place of use.

Known valve device for controlling the operation of a gas and oil well (see ed. St. No. 1.624.130, M. class. E21B 34/16, publ. 30.01.91, bull. No. 4), adopted by the authors for the prototype.

The device consists of a housing with receiving and discharge chambers, interconnected through the axial channel of the throttle, a rod for cleaning and driving.

The housing is equipped with a glass, in the stepped bore in the lower part of which there is a landing seat on which an end valve is installed. An annular cavity is formed between the glass and the seating saddle, in which the annular protrusion of the spring-loaded piston is placed. A rod and a throttling fitting are placed in its axial channel. The rod is located above the radial slots of the spring-loaded piston hydraulically connected to the receiving chamber and the annular cavity. The height of the slots adopted less than the diameter of the channel of the throttle fitting.

Device operation

The formation fluid from the supply line is fed into the device and then through the slots into the channel of the throttle fitting, from where it flows into the discharge chamber and then into the field reservoir.

When the throttle fitting channel is clogged with gas hydrates or mechanical impurities, the pressure drop between the supply and exhaust lines changes, which leads to the movement of the spring-loaded piston with the throttle fitting up, with the rod entering the axial channel of the fitting and cleaning deposits. In this case, the process of producing reservoir fluid is conducted through an annular chamber under an open annular piston.

When equalizing the differential pressure, the annular piston returns to the saddle, with the rod leaving the channel of the throttle fitting and production resumes as before.

The disadvantages of the design of the device include the following:

- high hydraulic resistance to the flow of formation fluid, which exists when the direction of movement changes;

- to replace worn parts (throttling fitting, rod, seat, etc.), it is necessary to stop the flow and discharge of formation fluid through the device, which requires the presence of valves. For this, it is necessary to re-dress wellhead equipment using gas welding.

The technical result that can be obtained by implementing the invention is as follows:

- reduction of local hydraulic resistance to the flow of produced reservoir fluid;

- the ability to replace and clean the axial channel of the throttling fitting without dismantling the device from the place of use and performing additional operations to re-equip the wellhead ballast valves;

- improving the reliability of the device by reducing the impact of abrasive particles on structural parts;

- the ability to maintain the necessary contact stresses on the end surface of the disk gate with its centering relative to the saddles installed in the bores of the housing floor.

The housing of the device is detachable and consists of two half-bodies with inlet and outlet chambers, interconnected through the axial channel of a replaceable throttling fitting. In one of the half-shells, an internal bore is made in which a disk gate is placed on the axis of rotation. The gate is equipped with a toothed rim and a landing hole in which a landing seat is installed with a replaceable throttling fitting inside. The drive is made in the form of a gear shaft installed with the possibility of interaction with the ring gear of the disk gate. In the inlet and outlet channels of the half-shells, grooves are made, inside of which there are saddles installed with the possibility of end contact with the disk gate. In the body of the half-shells, cylindrical bores are additionally made, remote from the axis of rotation at an equal distance, as the landing hole for the replaceable throttling fitting in the gate. A regulating element is installed in one of the cylindrical bores. It includes a slotted sleeve, pressed against the end of the disk gate by a threaded sleeve with an internal annular protrusion, into the axial channel of which a spring-loaded rod is passed. In the cylindrical bore of the other half-housing there is a slotted sleeve with an inner annular protrusion, which is pressed against the end surface of the disk gate with a threaded sleeve. The latter has drainage holes and an internal constriction, which serve as a landing seat under a spring-loaded ball valve. Also, in the axial channel of this threaded sleeve, a pusher is installed, which is installed with the possibility of interaction with a ball valve.

Slotted sleeves are made of a material having a low coefficient of friction, for example fluoroplastic.

The design of the adjustable valve is shown in the figures, where:

- FIG. 1 is a General view of the device in section in the working position of the supply of formation fluid;

- FIG. 2 - in a section and an enlarged scale shows the device at the location of the regulatory structural elements;

- FIG. 3 - the relative position of the regulatory structural elements when the supply of formation fluid through the device is stopped on an enlarged scale.

The adjustable valve consists of two half-bodies 1 and 2, in one of which a bore is made 3. In half-bodies 1 and 2 there are inlet 4 and outlet 5 channels, in which grooves are made with the seats 6 and 7 installed in them. These seats form an end contact with a disk gate 8 located on the axis of rotation 9 inside the bore 3. In the body of the disk gate 8, a bore hole 10 is made with a seat seat 11 disposed therein with a replaceable throttle fitting 12. The disk gate 8 comprises a gear sector 13.

In the half-bodies 1 and 2, a drive is installed in the form of a shaft - gear 14. It is located inside the bore 3 and interacts with the teeth of the gear sector 13 of the disk gate 8.

A cylindrical bore 15 is made in the body of the half-housing 1, in which a control element is placed, consisting of a slotted sleeve 16 pressed against the end surface of the disk gate 8, and a threaded sleeve 17 with an internal annular protrusion 18 in the axial channel 19. Based on its inner annular protrusion 18 an outer annular protrusion 20 of the cup 21, passing in the axial channel of the slotted sleeve 16. Inside the axial channel of the threaded sleeve 17, a rod 22 is installed with the formation of an annular gap 19 between them, in which the spring 23 is placed with a support internal restriction 24 cup 21 covering the rod 22. The body of the thread of the threaded sleeve 17 is formed, on which the thrust nut 25 is installed.

The cylindrical bore 15 is made at an equal distance from the axis of rotation 9 of the disk gate 8, and the grooves for the seat saddles 6 and 7. Axially symmetrical to the location of the cylindrical bore 15 in the body of the half-body 2, a cylindrical bore 26 is also made, in which a slotted sleeve 27 with an inner annular protrusion is installed 28, pressed against the end surface 29 of the disk gate 8 by a threaded sleeve 30 with an inner annular protrusion 31. This protrusion ends in a narrowing 32, acting as a seat under the ball valve 33, which is pressed by the spring 34 th.

The axial channel 35 of the threaded sleeve 30 is hydraulically connected by drainage holes 36 to the external environment. Inside the threaded sleeve 30 in the axial channel 35 there is a pusher 37 with the possibility of its interaction with the ball valve 33 during axial movement.

Device operation

The complete assembly is installed as part of the well’s fountain with open hydraulic connection of the inlet channel 4 of the half housing 1 through a replaceable throttling fitting 12 with the outlet channel 5 of the half housing 2.

During the operation of the well, there is a possibility of clogging of the bypass channel of the replaceable throttling fitting 12 with mechanical impurities in the form of scale or sand. If the thermodynamic regime of well operation changes and the ambient temperature drops sharply, there is a high probability of gas hydrate deposition inside the device, which can also lead to the termination of the formation fluid production process.

In this case, there is a need to restore the bandwidth of the device. To do this, by rotating the gear shaft 14, rotate the disk gate 8 on the axis of rotation 9 to obtain a state when the axial channel of the replaceable throttle fitting 12 is located axisymmetrically to the cylindrical bores 15 and 26 in the half-bodies 1 and 2. In this position, the pusher 37 is axially moved inside the threaded bushings 30, with the impact on the ball valve 33 and its extraction from the seat 32. In the case of the presence of reservoir fluid under pressure inside the device, it is vented to the atmosphere through the drain holes 36 in le threaded sleeve 30. After that, the axial channel of the replaceable throttling fitting 12 is cleaned by entering the shaft 22 into the sediment layer, which is destroyed and carried into the cavity of the slotted sleeve 27 of the half-shell 2. If there is a large amount of deposits, the threaded sleeve can be removed for 30 s slotted sleeve 27, which allows you to freely remove mechanical impurities from the cylindrical bore 26 into the environment. Then, the slotted sleeve 27 and the threaded sleeve 30 are reinstalled. After that, the rod 22 is returned to its original position with its output from the axial channel of the replaceable throttle fitting 12. By rotating the gear shaft 14, turn the disk gate 8 on the axis of rotation 9 until until the axial channel of the replaceable throttling fitting 12 becomes axisymmetric to the seats 6 and 7. This allows the production of formation fluid to continue.

If it is necessary to change the technological mode of production, there is a need to change the throttling nozzle 12. For this, the device is switched to the mode of stopping the production of reservoir fluid with the location of the disk gate 8 so that the replaceable throttling nozzle 12 is located axisymmetrically to the cylindrical bores 15 and 26. The control elements are removed from these bores and remove the replaceable throttle fitting 12 from the seat saddle 11 in the body of the disk gate 8. Then replace it with a new one with a larger or smaller diameter m its passageway. In accordance with these dimensions, rod 22 is also selected. Then, the regulating elements are restored to their former place. By rotating around the axis 9 of the disk gate 8, the replaceable throttling fitting 12 is returned to its former position, with the continuation of the process of production of formation fluid.

To increase the sealing efficiency of the annular gap between the end surfaces of the disk gate and the half-shells 1 and 2, the slotted sleeves 16 and 27 are made of thermally expandable material with a low coefficient of friction, for example fluoroplastic. In this design, they play the role of a slotted spring. Also, this design allows for reliable alignment of the disk gate 8 relative to the seats 6 and 7.

Claims (2)

1. The valve is adjustable, consisting of a housing with a receiving and outlet chambers connected to each other through the axial channel of a replaceable throttling fitting, a cup, a spring-loaded rod for cleaning the axial channel, a sliding gate drive, characterized in that the housing is detachable, consisting of two half-bodies with an internal bore in one of them, in which a disk gate is installed on the axis of rotation, equipped with a gear rim and a landing hole with a seat located in it with a replaceable throttling fitting inside, the drive made in the form of a pinion shaft installed with the possibility of interaction with the ring gear of the disk gate, in the body of the half-bodies in the inlet and outlet channels grooves are made, equipped with saddles installed with the possibility of face contact with the disk gate, and in the body of the half-bodies made cylindrical bores remote from the rotation axis at the same distance with the mounting hole in the disk gate, in one of the cylindrical bores there is a regulating element, including a slotted sleeve, pressed to a disk gate with a threaded sleeve with an inner annular protrusion, on which a glass with an internal constriction rests, a spring-loaded rod is passed into the axial channel, and a slotted sleeve with an inner ring ledge is installed in another cylindrical bore, pressed against the surface of the disk gate with a threaded sleeve with drainage holes and an inner narrowing, performing the role of a landing seat, a spring-loaded ball valve and a pusher mounted in a threaded sleeve with the possibility of interaction with the balls th valve. 2. The adjustable valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the slotted bushings are made of heat-resistant material with a low coefficient of friction, for example, fluoroplastic.

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