RU2689956C1 - Automatic throttle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: soil or rock drilling.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to automatic throttles and can be used for operation of flowing wells in complicated conditions. Proposed device comprises housing with intake and discharge chambers interconnected via union channel, channel cleaning rod with displacement drive composed of spring-loaded piston with end valve coupled with stock to make annular chamber communicated via feed channel with axial channel of feed branch pipe. According to invention piston is equipped with internal bore connected by bypass holes with discharge chamber, union is installed in throttle washer, rigidly connected to housing, rod is made stepped and is installed in housing with arrangement of smaller diameter in channel of union, with formation of annular channel, axial channel of housing from above is covered with plug equipped with feed branch pipe with plug, container, arranged in axial channel of housing with thrust washer inside, equipped with longitudinal slots and adjusting nut on lower end, with mounting seat for end valve, installed on pusher and spring-loaded relative to thrust washer, wherein lower end of pusher is arranged to make a gap with rod while container cavity is filled with working fluid, e.g. hydrate inhibitor.EFFECT: simplification of design, possibility of purification of annular channel of union with a stepped rod, possibility of supply of portion of working liquid (inhibitor) from container at cleaning of union, possibility to supply formation fluid through bypass holes in body of piston into discharge chamber with high flow rate, than at supply through union annular channel.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry and is intended for the operation of flowing wells.

Known design of the valve device (see AS No. 1440574, CL. IPC EV-34/06, publ. 30.11.88, bull. No. 14). The device consists of a cylindrical body with receiving and diverting chambers connected to each other by an axial channel in which a stepped bushing with radial holes fitted with nozzles is installed. Axially installed choke, in the axial channel of which the rod is inserted. The rod is connected with a drive in the form of a spring-loaded sleeve with a retainer. Outside on the sleeve is placed a stepped sleeve, with the formation between them of the camera, which communicates with the discharge chamber. The sleeve is equipped with a spring-loaded slide valve with a spring-loaded retainer.

The operation of the device.

When the choke is clogged with gas hydrates or mechanical impurities, the pressure drop changes in the direction of growth, which is perceived by the liner, which leads to its movement towards the discharge chamber and the impact on the valve. The spool moves in the direction of the radial holes with the removal of the retainer and compression of the spring, which leads to the formation of a hydraulic connection of the receiving chamber through the holes in the body of the stepped bushing, with the axial channel and the discharge chamber. When moving the liner, the rod is introduced into the axial channel of the throttle, with an impact on the layer of mechanical impurities or gas hydrates. When leveling the differential pressure between the receiving and discharging chambers, the force of the compressed spring, the sleeve with the rod returns to its original position, with the extraction process continuing through the axial channel of the throttle.

The disadvantages of the design include:

- the complexity of the design in the assembly and installation of the fittings;

- the complexity of setting on a given technological mode of operation;

- there are no conditions for the intensification of the process of destruction of the gas hydrate layer by introducing a portion of the inhibitor into the axial channel of the throttle.

Automatic valve device is known (see RF patent №2506410. IPC Е21В 34/08, publ. 10.02.2014 g). The device is made in the form of a cylindrical body with a receiving and diverting chambers connected by an axial channel in which a stepped bushing with a choke is placed inside. The cleaning unit of the axial channel of the throttle is made in the form of a rod connected with a spring-loaded sleeve. In the axial channel of the body there is also a saddle and a glass, with longitudinal grooves at the end, between the body and the stepped hub. The glass rests on the saddle to form a hydraulic channel with the body, connected by holes in the body of the stepped bushing with the receiving chamber. The sleeve, in turn, is equipped with an annular piston with an end valve installed with the possibility of forming a movable connection with the glass and overlapping the longitudinal grooves of the stepped sleeve in the initial position. The sleeve is provided with radial holes and is connected to a rod holder provided with by-pass holes connecting the axial channel of the stepped hub with the axial channel of the sleeve. The spring of the annular piston is installed in the chamber between the stepped bushing and the glass.

The operation of the valve device.

The device assembly is introduced into the axial channel of the discharge pipe, with the overlap of the annular gap between the casing and the pipe sealer. The reservoir fluid through the throttle enters the axial channel of the glass and then through the radial holes in the body of the sleeve is fed into the axial channel of the sleeve with the flow into the discharge chamber. With the calculated pressure drop, the reservoir fluid through the channels in the body of the flange and the hydraulic channel on the body of the end valve is supplied to the axial channel of the liner. When changing the mode of operation of the well, due to the clogging of the throttle, the pressure drop between the receiving and discharging chambers increases. Under the action of pressure drop, the annular piston is detached from the seat with compression of the spring and joint movement in the direction of the throttle of the liner with the rod, which moves in the axial channel of the throttle, affects the deposits. When the end valve is detached from the saddle, the reservoir fluid from the hydraulic channel enters the axial channel of the saddle through the longitudinal grooves and further into the discharge chamber. At the same time, the flow rate of the reservoir fluid is taken up more than through the main channel of the choke, which leads to the restoration of the pressure drop within the calculated limits. Under the action of a compressed spring, the annular piston with its end valve sits on the saddle, with a simultaneous withdrawal of the rod from the axial channel of the throttle, with the continuation of the production process in the same mode.

The disadvantages of the device should be attributed.

- the impossibility of adjusting the spring to the specified parameters without stopping the well and dismantling the structure from the installation site;

- there is no possibility of accumulation and supply of the inhibitor against the deposits of gas hydrates in the axial channel of the choke when cleaning the latter from deposits.

Known design of the valve device to control the operation of oil and gas wells (see AS No. 1624130, IPC EV 31/16, publ. 01/30/91, Byul. No. 4), adopted for the prototype. The device consists of a cylindrical body with receiving and diverting chambers, which are hydraulically interconnected through an axial channel of the choke, a rod for its cleaning with a drive mechanism. The device is equipped with a glass in the axial channel of the housing. The seating seat is located in the lower part of the body of a spring-loaded piston with an annular protrusion and an end flap. An annular cavity is formed between the end surface of the glass and the seating saddle to accommodate an annular protrusion of the piston in contact with the end surface of the glass and the seating saddle. The cleaning stage of the axial channel of the throttle is located in the axial channel of the spring-loaded body. A spring-loaded pusher is installed in the housing with the ability to interact with a spring-loaded piston. The annular cavity is hydraulically connected to the discharge chamber. The housing is equipped with inlet and outlet connections for installation in the composition of the pipe of the field collector. The operation of the device.

The device is set to work based on the design pressure of the reservoir and the pressure drop across the throttle. The reservoir fluid through the axial channel of the inlet nozzle enters the annular cavity and through the radial slots in the body of the glass flows into the axial channel of the throttle and then through the discharge chamber into the channel of the outlet manifold connected to the pipe of the field collector. In the case of clogging of the throttle channel with gas hydrates, an increase in pressure drop occurs between the inlet and outlet chambers, with an impact on the spring-loaded piston, which overcomes the spring force and the pusher detaches from the saddle, with the rod inserted into the axial throttle channel, acting on the sediment layer. At the same time, the mechanical valve is detached from the seat, with the supply of formation fluid to the discharge chamber, bypassing the throttle channel. In this case, the flow rate of the reservoir fluid or gas exceeds the flow rate through the axial throttle channel, which leads to a decrease in the pressure drop between the inlet and outlet chambers. Compressed spring force pusher returns to its original position. The piston with its end valve sits on the saddle, with the simultaneous withdrawal of the rod from the axial channel of the throttle.

The disadvantages of the design and operation of the device should include:

- the possibility of clogging of the discharge chamber with gas hydrates, with the termination of the extraction process;

- it is possible to restore the device performance by removing it from the installation site, disassembling and removing gas hydrates with subsequent assembly and installation on the well.

The technical result that can be obtained by implementing the present invention:

- simplified design;

- the ability to ensure the cleaning of the annular channel fitting stepped rod, due to the movement of the spring-loaded piston;

- the ability to supply a portion of the working fluid (inhibitor) from the container at the time of cleaning the nozzle;

- the ability to supply reservoir fluid through the bypass holes in the body of the piston in the discharge chamber with a higher flow rate than when fed through the annular channel fitting.

The technical result is achieved in that the device for operating the gushing wells includes a housing with receiving and diverting chambers interconnected through the nozzle channel, a rod cleaning channel with a displacement drive in the form of a spring-loaded piston with a face valve connected with a rod with the formation of an annular chamber connected with an inlet channel with the axial channel of the inlet pipe. The piston is provided with an internal bore, connected by by-pass holes with a discharge chamber, the nozzle is installed in a throttle washer rigidly connected to the body, the rod is stepped and installed in the body with a smaller diameter in the nozzle channel, forming an annular channel; equipped with a supply pipe with a plug, a container placed in the axial channel of the housing with a thrust washer inside, equipped with longitudinal grooves and an adjusting nut at the lower end, from adochnym valve seat under the socket mounted on a spring-loaded relative to the pusher and the thrust washer, the lower end of the pusher is mounted to define a gap with the rod and the container cavity is filled with a working fluid such as hydrate formation inhibitor.

The design of the automatic throttle is illustrated by drawings where:

- in fig. 1 shows a general view of the device in section, in the position of the formation fluid supply through the nozzle channel;

- in fig. 2 shows a general view of the device in section, in the position of cleaning the channel of the nozzle from sediments.

The device comprises a housing 1 with a receiving 2 and diverting chambers 3, which are hydraulically connected to each other through an annular channel 4 of fitting 5, in which a stepped rod 6 is placed for cleaning deposits. The stepped rod 6 is rigidly connected to the piston 7 placed in the axial channel 8 of the housing 1 under the throttle washer 9 connected to the housing 1.

The piston 7 is provided with an end valve 10 and an internal bore 11, which is hydraulically connected by a bypass hole 12 with a discharge chamber 3. The axial channel 8 of the housing 1 is blocked at the bottom by a stopper 13 with a seat under the end valve 10 of the piston 7, in which an axial bore is made and the rod 14 is omitted, associated with the upper end of the piston 7.

The lower end of the rod 14 extends beyond the cap 13 and is equipped with a spring 15, pressed by a nut 16. The receiving chamber 2 is connected through holes 17 to the axial channel 18 of the supply line, and the discharge chamber 3 through holes 19 in the body of the housing 1, to the axial channel 20 of the discharge line . The upper end of the housing 1 is provided with a stopper 21, in which a supply nozzle 22 with a plug 23 is installed.

The stopper 21 has an internal bore in which a container 24 is fitted to the thread, equipped with a bearing washer 25 and an adjusting nut 26. A number of longitudinal grooves 27 are made on the inner surface of the supporting washer 25 to pass the reagent into the cavity 28. A fitting seat is made on the inner surface of the adjusting nut 26 29 under the face valve 30, mounted on the pusher 31 and pushed by the spring 32 to the landing seat 29, in which longitudinal grooves 33 are made, which are hydraulically connected to the receiving chamber 2. Steam is provided for cleaning the deposits The rye 6 is made stepwise with the location of a smaller diameter section in the nozzle channel 5. The larger diameter rod section is provided with a thread 34, the outer diameter of which is comparable to the internal diameter of the nozzle 5 axial channel. The pusher 31 with its lower end extends beyond the adjusting nut 26, the formation of a gap 35 with the end of the stepped rod 6.

The cross-sectional area of the bypass holes 12 in the body of the piston 7 is taken more than the cross-sectional area of the holes 19 in the body of the housing 1 to ensure the operation of the device in a given technological mode. Between the piston 7 and the plug 13, an annular chamber 36 is formed, which is hydraulically connected by a channel 37 to an axial channel 18 of the supply line. The cavity of the container 24 is filled with a working fluid, for example, an inhibitor of deposits of gas hydrates or deposits of paraffin.

The principle of operation of the device.

In the initial position of the parts, as shown in figure 1, the device is installed in the composition of the Christmas tree. The reservoir fluid (gas, oil, reservoir fluid) from the axial channel 18 of the supply line through the holes 17 in the body of the housing 1 is fed into the receiving chamber 2, from where through the annular channel 4 of the fitting 5 enters the discharge chamber 3 and then through the holes 19 in the body of the housing 1 , in the axial channel 20 of the discharge line. The pressure of the formation fluid from the axial channel 18 of the supply line through the feed holes 37 is communicated into the annular chamber 36 under the piston 7, the end valve 10 of which is pressed to the seat at the end of the plug 13 by the spring 15.

The cavity of the container 24 is filled with a reagent, i.e. the flow of reservoir fluid is fed through the annular channel 4 of the fitting 5 into the discharge chamber 3.

When the formation fluid supply mode changes, if a layer of sediments is formed in the annular channel 4, the pressure differential between the piston 2 and the discharge chamber 3 increases. Under the action of excessive pressure drop communicated through the feed hole 37 into the annular chamber 36, the piston 7, overcoming the spring resistance 15, moves upward with the insertion of the rod 6 with its threaded end 34 into the axial channel of the nozzle 5, with the destruction of the sediment layer. Simultaneously, the rod 6 with its gorny surface interacts with the end face of the pusher 31, the end valve 30 detaches from the seating seat 29, with the formation of a hydraulic connection of the cavity 28 of the container 24, through the longitudinal grooves 33 in the body of the adjusting nut 26 with the receiving chamber 2. Since the cross-sectional area of the bypass holes 12 in the body of the piston 7 far exceeds the cross-sectional area of the annular channel 4 of fitting 5, then there is a decrease in pressure in the axial channel 18 of the supply line and in the annular chamber 36 under the piston 7. This leads to Moving the piston 7 with the face valve 10 towards the plug 13 and terminating the hydraulic connection of the annular chamber 36 through the bypass holes 12 in the body of the piston 7 with the discharge chamber 13. The rod 6 leaves the axial channel of the fitting 5, with a portion of the inhibitor fed into it for complete cleaning of the fitting 5 from sediment. The pusher 31 with the mechanical valve 30, the force of the compressed spring 32, returns to its original position, with the termination of the hydraulic connection of the cavity 28 of the container 24 with the receiving chamber 2. When using the entire volume of the reagent in the container 24, it is filled through the feed nozzle 22 when removed plug 24.

The cleaning process of the annular channel 4 of the nozzle 5 from sediments takes place in an automatic mode, without interrupting the process of producing formation fluid.

Claims (1)

A device for operating gushing wells, comprising a housing with receiving and diverting chambers connected to each other through a nozzle channel, a channel cleaning rod with a displacement drive in the form of a spring-loaded piston with an end valve connected with a rod with the formation of an annular chamber connected with an inlet channel with an axial channel of the inlet pipe, characterized in that the piston is provided with an internal bore, connected by bypass holes with a discharge chamber, the fitting is installed in a throttle washer rigidly connected with the housing, the rod is stepped and installed in the housing with a smaller diameter in the nozzle channel, with the formation of an annular channel; the axial channel of the housing is blocked from above with a stopper equipped with a supply pipe with a plug, a container placed in the axial channel of the housing with an axial washer inside, equipped with longitudinal grooves and an adjusting nut at the lower end, with a mounting seat for the end valve mounted on the pusher and spring-loaded relative to the thrust washer, with the lower end of the pusher mounted form a gap with the rod and the container cavity is filled with a working fluid such as hydrate formation inhibitor.

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