RU2526942C1 - Uhf installation for baked products thermal treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention may be used during production of baked products such as ring-shaped cracknels, bread sticks, bagels etc. The UHF installation contains a cylindrical screen body wherein generator units with a magnetron are positioned. The cylindrical screen body is positioned so that its axis is parallel to the horizontal plane. There are partitions between the two generator units that enclose the system for supply of acute steam for the dough piece scalding. Under each generator unit, upper semi-cylindrical resonator chambers are rigidly fixed so that the radiator is turned from the lateral surface side into the cylinder. Concentrically positioned inside the screen body is a rotor on the lateral surface whereof the lower semi-cylindrical resonator chambers are installed. Grill lamps are installed between the other generator units. Inside each lower semi-cylindrical resonator chamber dielectric cradles are installed. Each base of the cylindrical screen body is composed of a semi-circle and a rectangular plane on a mounting framework ensuring the support. Supply of dough pieces into the dielectric cradles is performed with the help of the supplying transporter while acceptance of ready baked products is performed with the help of the receiving transporter.

EFFECT: installation characteristics improvement.

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Description

       The present invention relates to the food industry, in particular the baking industry, and can be used for the production of flour products such as dryers, bread sticks, bagels, etc.

      A known method for the production of sheepskin products using microwave energy (patent 2422018 from 06/27/2011, bull. No. 18) [1]. The method provides proofing of dough pieces in the electromagnetic field of the microwave range, with a power of 250 ... 500 W for 10 ... 40 s.

According to the proposed scheme for the production of lamb products, the dough pieces after molding are sent to the restoration and formation of the porous structure by processing in a microwave installation located in the scalding chamber. The disadvantage of this method is that when the microwave generator is in a humid environment, the reliability of its operation deteriorates sharply. The second disadvantage is that the test pieces are heat treated only due to the edge effect of electromagnetic radiation (EMR), since the conveyor does not move through the resonator chamber. The maximum power flux of the EMP is concentrated in the resonator chamber, therefore, the efficiency of heat treatment of the dough pieces in the prototype is very low, which means that the energy costs for heat treatment are quite high.

An object of the invention is to develop an installation using microwave energy, which provides the intensification of the heat treatment of dough pieces to create a porous structure in the process of proofing and improve the quality of flour products with reduced energy costs.

          The specified technical result is achieved in that the microwave installation for heat treatment of flour products contains inside the screen cylindrical body a rotor located in a horizontal plane, on the entire lateral surface of which there are semicylindrical resonator chambers with dielectric cradles, and generator blocks with emitters containing rigidly mounted semi-cylindrical resonator chambers, while the emitters are directed from the side of their lateral rotation and, when the rotor rotates due to the gear motor, the semi-cylindrical resonator chambers form cylindrical resonator chambers, and between the first and second generator blocks there are shielding partitions, inside which a steam supply system is installed, and grill lamps are installed between the subsequent generator blocks, and on the side the surface of the cylindrical screen housing on the opposite side has holes for mounting the supply and receiving conveyors.

The drawings show a microwave installation for heat treatment of flour products and its individual components.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a microwave installation for heat treatment of flour products (front view, with the base of the screen case open): 1 - a cylindrical screen case, 2 - a generator unit, 3 - a magnetron with a radiator, 4 - a sharp steam supply system, 5 - screen partitions, 6 - rotor, 7 - upper semi-cylindrical resonator chambers, 8 - lower semi-cylindrical resonator chambers, 9 - grill lamps, 10 - dielectric cradles, 11 - bases of the cylindrical screen housing, 12 - gear motor, 13 - finished products, 14 - receiving conveyor , 15 - feed t ansporter.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a microwave installation for heat treatment of flour products (side view, with the side of the cylindrical screen body open): 1 - cylindrical screen body, 2 - generator block, 3 - magnetron with emitter, 7 - upper semi-cylindrical resonator chambers, 8 - lower semi-cylindrical resonator chambers, 11 - the base of the cylindrical screen housing, 12 - the gear motor, 13 - the finished product.

The microwave installation for heat treatment of flour products (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) contains the following elements: a cylindrical screen housing 1, a generator unit 2 with a magnetron 3, a sharp steam supply system 4, insulated by screen partitions 5, a rotor 6, resonator chambers from two half cylinders 7 and 8, grill lamps 9, dielectric cradles 10.

Inside the cylindrical screen housing 1, there are generator blocks 2 with a magnetron 3. The cylindrical screen housing 1 is located so that its axis is parallel to the horizontal plane. Between the two generator blocks 2 there are partitions 5 enclosing the sharp steam supply system 4 for scalding the dough piece. For each generator block, the upper semi-cylindrical resonator chambers 7 are rigidly fixed so that the emitter 3 is directed from the side of the side surface into the inside of the semi-cylinder. Inside the screen housing 1, a rotor 6 is concentrically located, on the lateral surface of which lower semi-cylindrical resonator chambers are installed 8. Between the other generators blocks 2 there are grill lamps 9. Dielectric cradles are installed inside each lower semi-cylindrical resonator chamber 8. 10. Each base of the cylindrical screen housing 11 is assembled from a semicircle and a rectangular plane on a mounting frame that provides support. The rotor 6 rotates due to the gear motor 12. The supply of dough pieces in the dielectric cradles is carried out using the feed conveyor 15, and the reception of finished flour products using the receiving conveyor 14.

       The process of heat treatment of dough pieces is as follows. Using the gear motor 12, the rotor 6 is turned on. Next, the feed conveyor 15 is turned on. After molding, the dough pieces are fed into the dielectric cradles by means of the feed conveyor 10. At the same time, the microwave generators 2 with magnetron 3 and the sharp steam supply system 4 are turned on. Test blanks located in dielectric cradles 10, when the rotor 6 rotates, they enter the cylindrical resonator chamber 7 and 8, where they are exposed to the electromagnetic field of superhigh frequency (EMF), endogenously heated, the etching and formation of a porous structure, i.e. proofing. As a result of exposure to EMF microwave, intense evaporation of water occurs, which leads to the formation of uniform porosity throughout the volume of the dough pieces.

Further, during the rotation of the rotor 6, the dough pieces located under the steam supply system 4 are scalded with saturated low-pressure water vapor. Inside the dough pieces and most fully on the surface during the scalding process, protein substances are denatured and starch gelatinized. Protein denaturation fixes the achieved workpiece volume at the end of the scalding, the gelatinization of starch on the surface provides (when baking) a shiny, even and intensely colored surface. The fermentation microflora of the test, when endogenously heated to a certain tension (above 1 kV / cm), dies. Further, after scalding, the dough pieces again fall into the resonator chamber, where endogenous heating is performed at a higher speed (the specific power of the generator is higher than that of the first generator) and partial baking of flour products without steam, since the blanks were already sufficiently moistened during scalding. The presence of steam during the baking process makes the product glossy.

Further, going beyond the limits of the resonator chamber (EMFHF), the pressure and temperature equalize in the volume of the product, and also exogenous heating occurs due to the grill lamp 9, which contributes to further baking. To increase the productivity of the installation, an alternation of several generator blocks with a grill is provided 9. Ready-made flour products 13 are unloaded to the receiving conveyor 14 and displayed outside the installation. The fragility and swelling of products depends on the mode of baking. Baking at high temperature and significant dehydration of products provide a loose structure and their high swelling. Products baked for a long time at low endogenous temperature are dense and do not swell well in water. The performance of the installation is regulated by the power of microwave generators taking into account the necessary dose of exposure to electromagnetic radiation of the microwave range. This setting allows you to reduce the specific energy costs of the process of proofing and baking flour products. The rate of endogenous heating, the specific power of the microwave generator should be optimized depending on the type of flour product.

 Bibliographic list

1. Method for the production of lamb products using microwave energy. Patent 2422018 dated 06/27/2011, bull. Number 18.

Claims (1)

Microwave installation for heat treatment of flour products, characterized in that it contains a rotor inside the screen cylindrical body located in a horizontal plane, on the entire lateral surface of which there are semicylindrical resonator chambers with dielectric cradles, and generator blocks with emitters rigidly mounted above the upper half of the rotor fixed semi-cylindrical resonator chambers, while the emitters are directed from the side of their side surface, and during rotation The semicylindrical resonator chambers form cylindrical resonator chambers due to the motor reducer, and there are shielding baffles between the first and second generator blocks, inside which a steam supply system is installed, and grill lamps are installed between the subsequent generator blocks, and on the side surface of the cylindrical screen housing with on the opposite side there are holes for mounting the feed and receiving conveyors.

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