RU2522717C1 - Facing of missile-forming charge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to structures of facing of missile-forming charges, and can be used in devices of forming the damaging elements (DE) for penetration of armoured targets. The facing of missile-forming charges is made of different thickness, single layer and with a thickness in the centre, 1.6-4 times exceeding the thickness of the peripheral part. At that its surface is formed by four radii of curvature, and the ratio of height of facing H to its diameter D is selected from the ratio: $$0.07<\frac{H}{D}<\mathrm{0.3.}$$

EFFECT: formation of DE of a certain form, which weight is approximately equal to the weight of the facing.

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Description

The invention relates to ammunition, in particular to the structures of the shells of shell-forming charges, and can be used in devices for the formation of striking elements (PE) for penetrating armored targets. The striking element is formed from the lining of the charge, which has a certain mass, geometry and shape, in most cases - sphere-like.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is to form PE of the required shape, the mass of which is approximately equal to the mass of the lining, i.e. in creating a design that ensures the transfer of the forming PE almost entirely of kinetic energy, selected by the lining from the explosive charge (EX).

Known cumulative charge lining according to patent RU 2253831 (publication of 06/10/05), which contains a mixture of a powder of a heavy metal and a powdered metal binder, said lining being molded into the desired shape by injection molding and sintering. Preferred forms of liners include conical, biconical, tulip-shaped, hemispherical, circular, linear and funnel-shaped.

The disadvantage of this solution is that since the converging detonation wave approaches the cladding at the same time over the entire surface, the energy consumption of the cladding from the explosive charge is reduced, which accordingly reduces the damaging effect of the charge.

From the prior art, in particular, from the description of patent RU 2169897 (description published on 06/27/01), a projectile-forming charge structure is known that partially eliminates the disadvantages of the previous one and includes a sphere-like uniform thickness lining. To create a specific profile of the detonation wave, a shaper of multipoint initiation of the explosive charge is used, in which the length of the detonation channels meets a given condition. This solution allows increasing the kinetic energy of PE due to the formation of a specific detonation wave profile by selecting the length of the detonation channels.

The disadvantage of this solution is that the equal thickness lining does not provide the optimal shape of PE.

Another shell-forming charge is known (patent RU 2262059, description published on 10.10.05), the cladding design of which is selected as a prototype, as the closest in the number of similar features and the problem to be solved. The shell of this projectile-forming charge is made sphere-like, multilayer, bimetallic of materials with different densities, while a layer of material with a higher density is located in front of a layer of material with a lower density adjacent to the explosive charge. The geometrical dimensions of the charge, the materials of the cladding layers, and the location of the points of the initiation system are selected from the condition that the explosive charge will provide for implantation of a material with a higher density located in front of the head of the formed PE due to the asymmetry of the detonation wave exit to the cladding surface. In this case, the thickness of the cladding layer made of a material with a higher specific gravity decreases from the center to the periphery. After the detonation wave reaches the cladding due to heating and acting loads, it passes into the plastic state and takes the desired shape, while a material with a higher specific gravity, precipitating onto a material with a lower specific gravity, interacts with it (mixing turbulently along the separation line), forming solid bimetallic element. The cladding made in this way allows its entire mass to be transferred to the composition of the striking element, that is, all kinetic energy selected from the explosive charge is almost completely transferred to the striking element. The shape of PE depends on the different masses of the various sections of the cladding, their variability and the shape of the front of the detonation wave. In the advanced mode, a material with a higher specific density, located in the central zone, whose mass is greater than the mass of the peripheral zone of the cladding, which in turn moves at a lower speed, is involved in the formation of the head part of PE. As a result, the center of gravity of the PE is shifted towards its head, providing better aerodynamic performance during flight.

However, it should be noted that in order to further expand control over the process of PE formation and optimize the shape of PE, it is necessary to look for other ways that simplify this process.

The expected technical result from the implementation of the present invention is to simplify the design and increase the manufacturability of the shell shell-forming charge while optimizing the shape of the striking element (spherical or elongated), the mass of which is approximately equal to the mass of the shell-forming cladding.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the lining of the projectile-forming charge, made of different thickness with decreasing thickness from the center to the periphery, and with a surface including spherical sections,

.made single-layer and in the center of the thickness, 1.6-4 times the thickness of the peripheral section, while its surface is formed by four radii of curvature (the surface on the side of the explosive plate and the opposite surface are formed by two conjugate sections of spherical surfaces of different radii), and the height ratio facing N to its diameter D is selected from the ratio: $$0.07<\frac{H}{D}<0.3$$

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Performing a single-layer cladding allows affordable means and more technologically provide the required characteristics of PE for impact on armored vehicles.

The execution of the lining with a surface formed by four radii of curvature allows you to form PE of the most compact form with the highest kinetic energy with a simpler design compared to the prototype.

The specified thickness of the cladding is selected experimentally and ensures the optimal formation of PE in terms of its mass, speed, integrity and shape.

The ratio of the height of the lining H to its diameter D is chosen experimentally to ensure the formation of PE of a certain length and diameter.

Figure 1 schematically shows a shell-forming warhead (SFBCH) with a cladding, with the help of which a ball-shaped or elongated striking element is formed, with a mass approximately equal to the mass of the charge lining, where 1 is an electric detonator, 2 is an initiation system, 3 is an explosive charge, 4 - shell-forming lining, 5 - body.

Figure 2 presents the geometry of the projectile-forming cladding (with four radii of curvature), figure 3 presents the calculated form of PE, figure 4 is a radiograph of PE obtained in the experiment.

An example of a specific implementation of the claimed invention can serve as SFBCH, including a cylindrical aluminum case, in which the explosive bomb with a diameter of 174 mm is placed, a detonator with an initiation system is installed on one of the ends of the case, on the other hand there is a shell-forming cladding made of M1 copper, but it can also be made of tantalum, steel or other metal. The cladding is of different thickness, on the axis of symmetry its thickness is 7.65 mm. The height of the cladding is 18.1 mm. The surface of the lining on the charge side of the explosive is formed by two mating sections of spherical surfaces with radii R ₃ and R ₄ (277 and 106 mm, respectively, see Fig. 2), the opposite surface of the lining is formed by two mating sections of spherical surfaces with radii R ₁ and R ₂ (478 and 108 mm, respectively). Spherical surfaces are conjugated at a distance of Y ₀ (58 mm) from the axis of symmetry. The initiation system is a Plexiglas disk in which channels filled with explosives are made, connecting the electric detonator with the explosive charge.

The formation of PE is as follows. After the detonator 1 is triggered, the initiating pulse through the channels of the initiation system 2 (not shown in the figure) is transferred to the explosive charge 3, where a quasi-plane detonation wave is formed, which goes to the lining. As a result of the impact of the detonation wave on the lining 4, it accelerates and the formation of PE of the desired shape (spherical), the mass of which is approximately equal to the mass of the lining. During the formation of PE, the peripheral part of the cladding 4 flows onto the central part, forming a spherical PE.

Conducted computational and experimental studies of the described device showed the minimum distortion of the x-ray of the PE obtained in the experiment (figure 4) from the presented design form (figure 3).

T.O. The claimed device allows to optimize the shape of PE with manufacturability and simplicity of design.

Claims (1)

The shell of the projectile-forming charge, made of different thickness, with decreasing thickness from the center to the periphery, and with a surface including spherical sections, characterized in that the lining is single-layer and in the center of the thickness, 1.6-4 times the thickness of the peripheral section, while the surface on the side of the explosive block and the opposite surface are formed by two mating sections of spherical surfaces of different radii, and the ratio of the lining height H to its diameter D is selected from the relation:

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