RU2291377C1 - High-explosive warhead of jet projectile - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: high-explosive ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: the warhead has a nose fuze, body, detonating filling, central detonator and a cross diaphragm serving as a shock-wave deflector. The body consists of an ogival head fragmentation section and a high-explosive section installed on the carrier shell. The fragmentation section is filled with a condensed explosive, inside it has a net of helical rifles inclined to the longitudinal axis at an angle of 30 to 45 deg, forming semi-finished affecting elements, whose material is sealed around the edges by a shaping plastic deformation. The high-explosive section has a tubular shell with a bottom filling assembly, filled with a fluid detonating composition, the detonator rests on the cross diaphragm, which is spaced from the bottom filling assembly at a distance comparable with the length of the inert circular lens of the detonator installed on the carrier shell.

EFFECT: enhanced power of the jet projectile due to separate formation of the high-speed affecting fragmentation elements of the head section and thermobaric affecting factor of the high-explosive section.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, and more particularly to rockets with a high-explosive fragmentation warhead, the shell of which has grooves for uniform crushing into fragments, which is volume-detonating.

The level of this technical field is characterized by a high-explosive fragmentation warhead according to patent RU 2185593, F 42 B 12/32, 2002, which has a high high-explosive effect and an increased, evenly distributed speed of finished striking elements and shell fragments having an optimized scattering angle, which are designed for use in ammunition of multiple launch rocket systems.

The specified warhead contains a block of ready-to-use striking elements, embedded in a polymer carrier, placed between the body and the shell of the propellant charge of the explosive associated with the initiator.

The length of the shell of the propellant charge closed at the ends by massive covers exceeds the length of the coaxial fragmentation block. The parts of the bursting charge located beyond the boundaries of the fragmentation block, providing a purely high-explosive action, make it possible to optimize the declination angle of the fragmentation field by creating excess end pressure and compensating for the energy loss due to crushing of the body.

The disadvantage of the described warhead is the unsatisfactory high explosiveness and high complexity of manufacturing a fragmentation unit with ready-made striking elements, the speed of which is limited by the energy loss of the propelling charge for crushing the hull, which reduces the main destination indicators.

The noted drawbacks are excluded in the more effective munition according to the patent 2156953, F 42 B 12/20, 14/00, 2000, which is selected by the number of matching features as the closest analogue of the proposed warhead missile.

The well-known missile has an elongated warhead, a thick-walled fragmentation shell of which is filled with a fluid flowing detonation-friendly suspension of aluminum powder in a combustible liquid and is closed on the engine side by a cap screwed into the filling technological window. A fuse and detonator are mounted in the spherical head of the hull, behind which there is a transverse shock wave reflector made in the form of a diaphragm with through-holes in the bottom volume of the warhead.

When the detonator explosive charge is triggered, shock and detonation fronts are formed sequentially in the filling, which freely penetrate through the through-openings of the diaphragm into the bottom volume.

The shock front ignites a flammable filling fluid, which is sealed on the body without sticking particles of aluminum powder, which is heated and chemically activated. That is, in a closed volume of the body, combustion occurs in the deflagration mode at a pressure of hundreds of kbar created by the detonation front of the propellant charge.

Part of the shock wave is reflected from the diaphragm and is directed along the body of the incident wave, as a result of the interaction of which it is embrittled and crushed. This is also facilitated by cavitation processes that occur in the adhesive film of liquid on particles of aluminum powder.

The further phase of acceleration and the formation of fragments are due to the arrival of the detonation front to the expanding corps of the warhead. Multiple loading of the body with a series of shock-wave pulses and a detonation wave provides an increased speed of throwing fragments.

The predetermined angle of radial expansion of the fragments is formed by the transverse barrier of the spherical head and the excess pressure created by the bottom volume of the body filling behind the diaphragm.

Following the fragments, the shell is dispersed into the atmosphere, where, mixing with air, it forms an explosive cloud of aerosol, which is initiated by a detonation pulse, thereby creating a thermobaric factor of the damaging effect of the ammunition.

However, the disadvantage of this effective warhead of a rocket projectile is the noticeable loss of explosion energy due to crushing of a thick-walled body, the spherical warhead of which is mainly thrown by an axial beam, which is impractical for ammunition of multiple launch rocket striking targets over an area.

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to increase the main indicators of the appointment of high-explosive fragmentation warheads in comparable weight and size parameters.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known high-explosive fragmentation warhead of a rocket containing a head fuse, a fragmentation shell filled with a liquid flowing detonative suspension of aluminum powder in a combustible liquid, where a central detonator and a diaphragm that acts as a shock wave reflector are installed, according to the invention, it is made of two sections, while the shape of the fragmentation shell of the head section is filled with condensed explosive and has an internal shape and a grid of oncoming riffles, inclined to the longitudinal axis at an angle of 30-45 degrees, forming semi-finished striking elements, the material of which is reinforced along the perimeter by forming plastic deformation, and the fluid flow filling is placed in a tubular shell docked to the bearing dividing shell, while the detonator rests on a transverse diaphragm, spaced from the bottom filling unit at a distance comparable to the length of the inert annular lens of the detonator mounted on the separation shell of the sections, and the reef whether the fragmentation shells have a triangular profile with an angle at the apex of 60 degrees and are made at 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the thickness of its wall.

Distinctive features provided an increase in the power of the multiple launch rocket system due to the separate formation of the striking elements, throwing at a speed of 2000-2500 m / s, in the head section, which has a thick-walled corrugated housing of the animated profile, and a thermobaric damaging factor of a significantly larger scope.

The implementation of a high-explosive fragmentation warhead of a two-sectional design allowed spatially and in the dynamics of functioning to constructively separate the thick-walled shell of the fragmentation section from the shell of a high-explosive section of thermobaric action, sequentially mounted on the supporting shell, independently from each other, and connected by a detonation initiation channel.

The revival form of the head section of the projectile, the thick-walled body of which is filled with condensed explosive, provides the necessary angle of fragmentation during the formation of the lesion field.

The implementation of spiral intersecting multiple grooves on the inner surface of the shell, while maintaining the ballistic surface of the projectile, creates distributed stress concentrators in the shell material and forms the so-called gas wedges of detonation products, contributing to its predetermined fragmentation into fragments.

The slope of the riffles at an angle of 30-45 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the projectile, that is, to the texture of the material of the tubular body, which is formed technologically when rolling the tube billet, maximizes the accumulation of explosion energy in a closed volume of a plastic expanding body without destruction, which then occurs almost uniformly and along the entire surface at the same time, which ultimately ensures the achievement of a velocity of damaging elements of 2.0-2.5 km / s.

The separation of the body into the striking elements of a given profile is facilitated by the strength gradient of the body material, which is automatically achieved by reducing the tubular billet of the body to the tool holder, when, as a result of plastic deformation and metal flow, it is fretted along spiral corrugations alternately in the opposite direction to form a grid of distributed semi-finished striking elements .

The thickness of the tubular shell in which the fluid flowing detonation-filling is placed is minimized from the condition of bearing strength under dynamic transverse operational loads.

The longitudinal sequential placement of the sections of the projectile mounted on a common supporting shell allows them to be autonomous and structurally different from the conditions of independent functioning and as intended.

The support of the central detonator on the transverse diaphragm is aimed at increasing the rigidity of the elongated warhead, which, with a minimum shell thickness of the high-explosive section, provides the bearing strength and design functionality, reliable during storage, transportation and shooting.

Placing the diaphragm at a distance from the bottom filling device, comparable with the length of the head inert lens of the propellant of the high explosive section, was performed with the aim of forming the ends of the symmetric aerosol cloud as a source of volumetric pressure with the detonation of the fuel-air mixture of the dispersed aluminum powder filling the section into the atmosphere, which is carried out through the detonation of the central propellant charge. In this case, the ends of the cloud are formed correspondingly by the shock wave of the bottom bottom broadening of the filling and the temporary deceleration of the detonation of the head part of the filling over an inert annular lens.

The profile of the riffles of the fragmentation case is optimized from technological conditions for automatic screwing of a tubular workpiece after pressing from a reduction toolholder.

The depth of the corrugations is optimized in accordance with the conditions for ensuring the bearing strength of the shell of the shell with semi-finished striking elements and its regular predetermined crushing into compact aerodynamic fragments.

When the depth of the grooves is less than a quarter of the thickness of the wall of the body, its predetermined crushing degenerates, and in the case when the depth of the grooves is more than a third of the wall thickness, premature destruction of the body into fragments occurs, which have a scattering speed of 700-800 m / s, much lower than the speed, achieved by fragments in the construction according to the invention: 2000-2500 m / s.

Therefore, each essential feature is necessary, and their combination is sufficient to achieve a novelty of quality that is not inherent in the signs of disunity, thus the technical problem posed in the invention is solved by means of the super effect of the sum of the signs, and not the sum of their effects.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which schematically depict:

figure 1 is a General view of a two-section warhead missile;

figure 2 is a view of figure 1;

figure 3 is a section along BB in figure 2.

A missile with an elongated (10-12 gauge) warhead, designed for firing from artillery multiple launch rocket systems, includes a rocket propulsion engine 1 and a two-section high-explosive fragmentation warhead 2 equipped with a head fuse 3.

The warhead 2 contains longitudinally mounted on the supporting shell 4, forming a rigid single structure associated with the engine 1, functionally autonomous sections 5 and 6, fragmentation and high explosive, respectively, with a ratio of their lengths 1: 3.

The head fragmentation section 5 includes a thick-walled corrugated inside case 7 rigidly connected to the shell 4 and filled with condensed explosive 8, which communicates with the fuse 3.

On the opposite side of the shell 4, there is a high-explosive section 6, a thin-walled tubular shell 9 of which is mounted on a bearing adapter 10 mounted on the end of the engine 1.

On the inner surface of the housing 7 there are intersecting multi-way spiral corrugations 11 forming a grid of semi-finished striking elements 12 (FIG. 2).

Spiral flutes 11 with a depth equal to 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the thickness "t" of the wall of the housing 7 have a triangular transverse profile (Fig. 3) with an angle at the apex of 60 degrees and are inclined to the longitudinal axis at an angle of 30-45 degrees (Fig. 2), smoothly around the perimeter, trimming the metal texture of the tubular shell of the housing 7.

Spiral flutes 11 are formed by plastic deformation of the tubular billet of the housing 7 when it is reduced through a calibration matrix to a rotary mandrel with spiral projections between which a plastically deformable metal of the pipe wall flows.

Then this operation is repeated from the opposite end of the processed workpiece body 7 by pushing through a matrix of a smaller diameter, forming distributed semi-finished striking elements 12 of a given profile.

Automatic screwing of the machined tubular billet of the housing 7 in successive counter-reduction operations occurs without noticeable efforts, because this is facilitated by an optimized angle of 60 degrees of inclination of the protrusions of the tool holder, respectively, from the formed corrugations 11, which form a kinematic pair of the lead screw.

During plastic deformation by reduction, the metal of the body 7 along the flutes 11 is abraded, that is, it increases the strength of the damaging elements 12 along the periphery. The corrugations 11 serve as stress concentrators in the shell of the fragmentation shell 7 and perform the functions of the so-called gas wedge of the detonation products of the explosive filling 8, providing crack formation of a given configuration, resulting in the formation of compact aerodynamic fragments.

The final operation of the shaping of the housing 7 is the crimping of the head part with a die punch in a prefabricated matrix having an animated profile of the finished product.

Inside the shell 9 of the high explosive section 6, a transverse massive diaphragm 13 is fixed with peripheral windows 14.

A central detonator 15 is mounted on the shell 4 and the diaphragm 13, in an propellant charge 16 of which an inert (polymer, metal, etc.) ring lens 17 is mounted on the side of the shell 4.

The volume of the shell 9 is filled with a fluid flowing detonation-friendly mixture of 18 aluminum powder with a combustible liquid, which is equipped through the technological window of the adapter 10 in the vertical position of the shell 9, assembled closed by a screw cap 19.

The length “L” of the lens 17 (FIG. 1) is selected comparable with the distance between the diaphragm 13 and the cover 19 that overlaps the fill window of the adapter 10, that is, the massive bottom of the thin-walled shell of the high-explosive shell section 6 of the projectile.

The warhead operates as follows. The pulse of the fuse 3 is initiated by an explosive 8, the detonation energy of which the body 7 is crushed into predetermined fragments, forming compact damaging elements 12, which radially fly apart at a speed of 2.0-2.5 km / s with a minimum declination determined by the animated profile of the housing 7.

The detonation pulse through the influence is transmitted to the propellant charge 16 of the detonator 15, initiating the filling 18.

When the propellant 16 is triggered, a shock pulse and a subsequent detonation front are formed in the filling 18.

The shock wave compacts the mixture 18 to the swelling shell 9 and ensures the heating of the aluminum powder, which burns in the deflagration mode of the liquid component, which prevents the adhesion of metal particles. The shock front freely through the windows 14 penetrates into the bottom volume of the shell beyond the diaphragm 13, from which the reflected shock front is directed back along the filling 18 and the shell 9, embrittleing its material, which contributes to the crushing of the shell by a detonation front.

Slowing the fronts exit to the head of the filling 18, which is provided by an inert lens 17, is adequate to the initiation time of the bottom bottom filling 18 behind the diaphragm 13, which contributes to the symmetrical expansion of particles of the aluminum filling powder 18 into the atmosphere, where, mixed with air, the dispersible aluminum powder forms an aerosol cloud explosive air-fuel mixture.

The dispersion of the dispersed aluminum powder of filling 18 is carried out at a speed of 700-800 m / s, while the aerosol cloud exceeds the projectile caliber by 10-12 times when its volume detonation occurs, which results in the thermobaric effect of the damage. It should be borne in mind that the mass of equipment of the high-explosive section 6 is 3.5 times higher than the mass of the explosive 8 of the fragmentation section 5.

A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with the identified analogues of the prior art, from which the invention does not explicitly follow for an ammunition specialist, showed that it is not known, and taking into account the possibility of industrial serial production of high-explosive fragmentation warheads for rockets, we can conclude that patentability criteria.

Claims (2)

1. High-explosive fragmentation warhead of a rocket containing a head fuse, a body, detonation-filling, a central detonator and a transverse diaphragm that acts as a shock wave reflector, characterized in that the body consists of a lively fragmentation head section and a high-explosive section mounted on a carrier the shell, while the fragmentation section is filled with condensed explosive and has a grid of spiral corrugations inside, inclined to the longitudinal axis at an angle of 30-45 °, forming half new damaging elements, the material of which is reinforced along the perimeter by forming plastic deformation, and the high-explosive section consists of a tubular shell with a bottom filling unit filled with detonation-filled filling made of fluid flow, while the detonator rests on a transverse diaphragm that is at a distance comparable from the bottom filling unit with the length of the inert annular detonator lens mounted on the bearing shell. 2. The warhead according to claim 1, characterized in that the riffles of the fragmentation section have a triangular profile with an angle at the apex of 60 ° and are made on 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the thickness of its wall.

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