RU2479821C2 - Apparatus for forming compact element - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus for forming compact element has an explosive charge, a triggering system therefor and a compact element which is accelerated by the explosion of the explosive substance. The compact element is made of layers of materials of different density. A layer of high density material lies in front of a layer adjoining the explosive substance made of material of a lower density. The explosive charge is placed in a housing. The compact element has at least three layers. Each layer following the layer adjoining the explosive charge is made of material of higher density than material of the previous layer.

EFFECT: improved kinematic and aerodynamic properties of the compact element.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of experimental physics. The primary area of use is the study of high-speed interaction of solids, for example, in modeling the protection of space objects from artificial debris.

A device is known according to US patent No. 3025794 of 03.20.62, IPC ⁷ F42B 1/02, containing an explosive charge (BB) placed in the housing, its initiation system and an explosive accelerated explosive element that is made of bimetallic materials of different densities, this layer adjacent to the explosive charge is made of zinc or aluminum, and the layer in contact with the above is made of copper or steel (i.e., a layer of material with a higher density is located in front of the layer of material with a lower density).

The closest analogue adopted as a prototype is the device described in RF patent No. 2262059 dated 05/12/2003, IPC ⁷ F42B 1/02, publ. 10.10.2005, containing a charge of explosive (BB) placed in the housing, its initiation system, and a explosive explosive accelerated compact element made of a laminate of materials with different densities, while a layer of material with a higher density is located in front of a layer of material with a lower density adjacent to the explosive .

The disadvantages of the considered technical solutions are not a wide range of forms of the resulting compact elements (CE).

The aim of the invention is to improve the kinematic and aerodynamic characteristics of a compact element, expanding operational capabilities when controlling the process of formation of FE and giving it additional properties, for example pyrophoric.

The technical result consists in providing implantation in the explosion of an explosive material with a higher density, located close to the explosive, in the head of the formed element and the ability to control the formation of a compact element due to the asymmetry of the detonation wave exit to the FE surface. The formation of the compact element occurs in the form of leakage of the materials of the compact element on the axis of symmetry due to the greater thickness in the pole region of the high density layer. In this case, materials with a lower specific gravity, deposited on a material with a higher specific gravity, form a low-density shell of an integral multilayer element.

This is achieved by the fact that in the device for the formation of a compact element containing an explosive (BB) charge placed in the housing, its initiation system and a compact element accelerated by the explosion of an explosive, laminated from materials with different densities, while a layer of material with a higher density is located in front of the layer adjacent to the explosive material with a lower density, according to the invention, the compact element is made with the number of layers of at least three, and each subsequent layer after the layer adjacent to the explosive charge is made from a material with a higher density relative to the material of the previous layer.

In addition, the layers of the compact element are made of different thicknesses with a decrease in thickness from the central part to the peripheral.

In addition, one of the layers of the compact element located behind the layer adjacent to the explosive can be made of a material with pyrophoric properties.

The presence in the claimed invention features that distinguish it from the prototype, allows us to consider it appropriate to the condition of "novelty."

New features (a compact element is made with a number of layers of at least three, and each subsequent layer after layer adjacent to the explosive charge is made of a material with a higher density relative to the material of the previous layer) not found in technical solutions for a similar purpose. On this basis, we can conclude that the claimed invention meets the condition of "inventive step".

Figure 1 shows a device for forming a multilayer metal compact element.

Figure 2, 3 and 4 shows x-rays of experimentally obtained FE.

The device for forming a compact element comprises a housing 1, a charge of explosive 2, an initiation system 3, and a compact element 4 made of a multilayer and metal one, consisting of a layer of material with a higher specific density 5, for example, tantalum, copper, and layers 6, 7, 8 of metals with decreasing density, for example 6 - from zirconium, 7 - from aluminum, 8 - from magnesium, etc. The layers can contact each other either on the entire surface or on the peripheral part. In the latter case, the central part of the layer 5 can directly contact the explosive charge. The thickness of the layers 5, 6, 7, 8, etc. may decrease from the central to the peripheral. At least one of the layers, for example 6, located behind the layer 5 with a higher density, can be made of pyrophoric material to provide incendiary action of the compact element. The points of the initiation system can be placed in such a way that the formed detonation wave front will give different fragments of the compact element a different speed, thereby contributing to the formation of FEs of various shapes: asymmetric, elongated, etc.

The formation of a compact element is as follows.

The explosive charge 2 is blasted using the initiation system 3. After the detonation wave passes through the explosive, it forms a shock wave in the compact element 4, and when the shock wave passes through the compact element 4, its material goes into a plastic state. Due to the high peak shock loads, the material is heated, and due to the difference in the velocities of the layers of the compact element 4, it takes the desired shape. The adopted shape of the compact element 4 depends on the different masses of the layers of the compact element 4, their different dynamics, as well as on the shape of the front of the detonation wave (its curvature), determined by the location of the initiation points. The movement of the peripheral zone occurs at a higher speed due to the lower mass, but with a relative delay in the detonation wave reaching the surface of this zone. As a result of this, the center of gravity of the FE shifts in the direction of its head due to the fact that most of the low-density materials of the compact element 4 remain in the “tail” part of the compact element 4, providing better aerodynamic performance during flight. When layer 6 of a material with pyrophoric properties is used as part of a compact element 4, this layer flows onto layer 5 of a material with a higher density, while layer 6 itself is enveloped by the following layers 7 and 8 of materials with a lower density, turning compact element 4 into a projectile, providing penetrating due to high-density warhead and pyrophoric effect.

The enterprise made prototypes of CE formation devices and conducted their laboratory tests.

Figure 2 shows an x-ray of the experimentally obtained three-layer CE with pyrophoric material, and figure 3 and 4 are x-ray images of a four-layer CE.

The use of this invention will allow obtaining CE with improved kinematic and aerodynamic characteristics, with the ability to control the formation of compact elements and give them additional, for example, pyrophoric properties.

Thus, the above information indicates that when using the invention the following set of conditions:

- in the device for forming a compact element, the basic characteristics of the FE, namely kinematic and aerodynamic, are improved;

- for the claimed invention in the form described in the claims, the possibility of its implementation using the above-described structural solutions is confirmed, namely, a device for forming a compact element with improved kinematic and aerodynamic characteristics due to the implantation of an explosive material with a higher density is implanted, located in front of the explosive charge into the head of the projectile being formed and the ability to control the process of forming a compact element due to t asymmetry output detonation wave on the surface of TBE;

- a device for forming a compact element embodied in the claimed invention, when implemented, is capable of ensuring the achievement of the technical result perceived by the applicant.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "industrial applicability".

Claims (3)

1. A device for forming a compact element containing an explosive charge placed in the housing, its initiation system and accelerated by the explosion of an explosive compact element, laminated from materials with different densities, while a layer of material with a higher density is located in front of a layer of material adjacent to the explosive with lower density, characterized in that the compact element is made with the number of layers of at least three, and each subsequent layer after layer adjacent to the charge of the explosion volatile matter, made of a material with a higher density relative to the material of the previous layer. 2. The device for forming a compact element according to claim 1, characterized in that the layers of the compact element are made of different thicknesses with a decrease in thickness from the central part to the peripheral. 3. The device for forming a compact element according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the layers located behind the layer adjacent to the explosive is made of a material with pyrophoric properties.

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