RU2522476C1 - Semitrailer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: semitrailer contains platform with ramps located at its front for transported equipment ascending, and wheels mounted at its rear. By its front the platform is connected with frame structure gooseneck with possibility of rotation around lateral horizontal axis, rigid fixation or disconnection. The gooseneck is made with possibility of hinge support by truck coupling unit. At the front part of gooseneck, coupling pin is hinged. The pin is mating to truck coupling unit hole and made with possibility to transfer vertical load to truck coupling unit.

EFFECT: enhancing application of truck for evacuation of quarry equipment due to possibility to be used in coupling with proposed semitrailer.

4 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The invention relates to trackless land vehicles intended for the transportation of both light, small-sized and heavy bulky equipment, machinery and other goods, namely, semitrailers, and semitrailers for dump truck and other vehicles.

A device for coupling a tractor and a semi-trailer is known, comprising a traction beam, the ends of which are pivotally rotatable relative to the vertical axes, connected to forks mounted on the semi-trailer and on the drawbar of the tractor, as well as a mechanism for blocking the rotation of this beam relative to the semi-trailer located on the drawbar, the fork the tractor hitch cross member is rotatable around the longitudinal axis of the tractor, and on the traction beam there is a locking mechanism for the rotation of this beam relative but the tractor and controls, made with the possibility of choosing one of two types of locking the rotation of the traction beam (RF Patent No. 2021907, IPC B60D 1/00, B60D 1/14, 1994).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low efficiency caused by the need to use a specialized tractor.

A known semitrailer containing a platform resting on the undercarriage with a rear part and equipped with a fifth wheel coupling (Certificate of useful model of the Russian Federation No. 5572, IPC B62D 53/06, 1997).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low efficiency caused by the need to use a specialized tractor.

The prototype of this invention is a semitrailer containing a platform with ladders for arrival of the transported equipment located in its front part and wheels mounted in its rear part, the front part connected with the possibility of rotation around the transverse horizontal axis, rigidly fixed or disconnected with a goose frame structure, made with the possibility of articulated support on the towing device hitch (RF Patent No. 2375233, IPC B62D 53/06, B62D 63/06, 2007).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low efficiency caused by the need to use a specialized tractor.

The objective of the invention is to expand the field of application of the towing truck of mining equipment (hereinafter referred to as the tractor) due to the possibility of using it in conjunction with this semi-trailer.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a semi-trailer containing a platform with ladders for arrival of the transported equipment located in its front part and wheels mounted in its rear part, the front part is connected with the possibility of rotation around a transverse horizontal axis, rigid fixation or disconnecting with a goose of the frame structure, made with the possibility of articulated support on the towing device hitch, in the front part of the jib a coupling pin is mounted pivotally, mating with the hole of the tractor unit and configured to transmit the vertical load on the coupling device of the tractor. Preferably, the jib in its rear and the platform of the semi-trailer in its front are equipped with eyelets corresponding to each other with a horizontal axis perpendicular to the axis of the semi-trailer and a finger, mating holes in the eyes, through which it is possible to swivel them. In addition, the jib in its rear part is equipped with lugs set out to the sides, and in the front of the semi-trailer platform two pairs of coaxial eyes are mounted with the possibility of placing the eyelets on the goos between the eyelets of the platform coaxially with them and the locking fingers, which allow the eye lugs to be mutually fixed to each other. goose and on the platform. In a preferred embodiment, the coupling pin in the upper part is provided with a thick-walled thrust disc coaxial with it, rigidly fixed to it.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 is a side view of the semitrailer in working position with transported equipment;

figure 2 is a top view of the semitrailer in the operating position (tractor not shown);

figure 3 is a view of the front of the platform of the semitrailer with a goose sideways with a longitudinal section of the locking finger and with a longitudinal section of the hinge of the rear part of the jib;

figure 4 is a view of a jib in isometry;

figure 5 is a transverse section of the articulation of the front of the jib with a coupling finger;

figure 6 is a view of the semitrailer with the platform of the semitrailer lowered to the supporting surface at the first stage of uncoupling;

Fig.7 is the same, in a disengaged state with the towing coupling device lowered;

on Fig - the same, the tractor pulled forward;

figure 9 is the same, with a raised and fixed coupling pin;

figure 10 - the same with raised to release from fixing in a raised position goose;

figure 11 is the same with the gusset lowered onto a flat and solid horizontal surface.

Positions in the figures indicate: 1 - platform; 2 - ladders; 3 - wheeled trolley, 4 - wheels; 5 - geese; 6 - coupling device of the tow truck; 7 - tractor; 8 - vertical eyes on the goose; 9 - vertical eyelets on the platform; 10 - pin swivel jib with the platform; 11 - eyes set out to the side on the goose; 12 - two pairs of coaxial eyes on the platform; 13 - locking fingers; 14 - eyes of a spherical hinge; 15 - spherical hinge; 16 - coupling pin; 17 - thick-walled persistent disk; 18 - reference platform platform; 19 - high pressure hoses; 20 - wheel chocks; 21 - a lifting cable; 22 - safety chains (cables).

The semi-trailer contains a platform 1 with ladders 2 for arrival of the transported equipment located in its front part. With its rear part, the platform 1 is connected to a wheeled trolley 3 with wheels 4 mounted on it. The front part of the platform 1 is connected to the jib 5 of the frame structure, made with the possibility of hinged support on the coupling device 6 of the tractor 7. The jib 5 is connected to the platform 1 pivotally with the horizontal axis of the hinge with the possibility of rotation around the axis of the hinge, rigid fixation or separation. Preferably, the jib 5 in its rear and the platform 1 of the semitrailer in its front are provided with vertical eyes 8, 9 corresponding to each other with a horizontal axis perpendicular to the axis of the semitrailer and a pin 10 of hinging the rear of the jib with the platform, mating holes in the vertical eyes 8, 9, by which their articulation is possible. In addition, the jib 5 in its rear part is provided with two eyes 11. The two eyes are mounted at the front of the platform 1 of the semitrailer. Two pairs of coaxial eyes 12 are mounted with the possibility of turning the eyes 11 on the jib 5 between the eyes 12 on the platform 1, coaxially with them. Locking fingers 13 can be placed in the eyes 11 and 12, by means of which mutual fixation of the jib 5 and the platform 1 is possible. In the front part of the jib 5 there are two lugs 14 with a horizontal transverse axis, in which the spherical hinge 15 is mounted. On the spherical hinge 15 with the possibility of the lateral swaying and longitudinal rotation mounted coupling pin 16, the response hole of the coupling device 6 of the tractor 7. The coupling pin 16 is configured to transfer vertical load to the coupling device 6 of the tractor 7. In the preferred In this variant, the coupling pin 16 in the upper part is equipped with a thick-walled thrust disc 17 coaxially attached to it, the front part of the platform 1 of the semitrailer is equipped with a supporting platform platform 18 from the bottom. The semitrailer includes wheel chocks 20, a lifting cable 21, safety chains (cables ) 22.

The semi-trailer works as follows.

The coupling pin 16 transfers longitudinal and transverse to the tractor, and its thrust disc 17 - the vertical load from the weight of the semitrailer and the payload. The spherical hinge 15 allows the semi-trailer to make longitudinal and transverse swaying when riding the semi-trailer on bumps. Rotational movements in the horizontal plane at the entrance and exit from the turns are carried out by turning the coupling pin 16 in the opening of the coupling device 6 of the tractor 7. The locking fingers 13 in the side-mounted eyelets 11 and 12 with the vertical axis fix the jaw 5 from turning in the vertical eyelets 8, 9 with a horizontal axis and give the whole structure (jib 5 + platform 1) rigidity. With strong jerks forward, they do not allow the jib 5 to tear off the platform 1 (crank in horizontal eyelets). In a detached position from the tractor, they hold the jib 5 from turning and falling.

The detachment and attachment of the semi-trailer, and, if necessary, the jib 5 is carried out on a flat and solid horizontal surface. To unhook the semitrailer, lower the semitrailer on a flat and solid horizontal surface, while making sure that the left and right support platforms 18 are equally supported on the ground, put under the wheels 4 of the semitrailer wheel chocks 20, brake the semitrailer with a parking brake (not shown), and disconnect the high sleeves pressure 19 (see Fig.6). The coupling device 6 of the tractor 7 is lowered, thereby disengaging it from the coupling with the coupling pin 16 of the jib 5 (see Fig. 7). The safety chains 22 are disconnected from the jib 5. Move off a short distance from the semi-trailer (see Fig. 8) and lift the coupling device 6 of the tractor 7 so that it is slightly higher than the jib 5. Lift the coupling pin 16 and fix it (see Fig. 9). Drive up on the tractor 7 so that the coupling device 6 of the tractor 7 is above the jib 5 (see figure 10). The jib 5 is lifted by the lifting cable 21, thereby freeing the locking fingers 13 from the weight of the jib 5. The locking fingers 13 are removed, thereby giving the jib 5 the possibility of rotation around the horizontal finger 10 relative to the platform 1 of the semi-trailer. Lay jib 5 on the ground. Remove the lifting cable 21 of the jib 5 from the tractor 7. Drive off on the tractor 7. Fold down the ladders 2 for the arrival of equipment (see Fig.11).

Hitching is in the reverse order.

To load wheeled or tracked vehicles with low ground clearance, lower the jib 5 of the semi-trailer onto a flat and solid horizontal surface or completely disconnect it (see Fig. 11). If it is necessary to completely detach the jib 5, remove the horizontal pin 10 from the hinge of the vertical eyes 8 and 9. Move away from the semi-trailer, the jib 5 remains hanging on the coupling device 7 of the tractor 6.

The use of this invention allows to expand the scope of towing trucks. It allows you to use a tow truck, not only for moving dump trucks, but also for use in conjunction with this semi-trailer for transporting a variety of equipment and goods. Thus, one tow truck can transport any load that is suitable in size and weight. The tow truck is not originally designed for driving with semitrailers due to the lack of a standard fifth wheel coupling. The proposed semitrailer is easily coupled to a tow truck with a special coupling pin on the jib. Thus, the speeds of moving equipment and cargo from one place to another are increased and an economic effect is obtained due to the more frequent (without downtime) use of a tractor-tow truck of mining equipment. The jib design for fastening, fastening, raising and lowering upon arrival of the equipment does not need any additional energy sources, such as pneumatic or hydraulic systems. Raising and lowering occurs due to structural elements of the tow truck. The pneumatic system is only needed for use in the brake system of the semi-trailer.

The parameters are substantiated and working documentation is developed for the manufacture of a prototype of the proposed semi-trailer at LLC Company Specpricep.

Claims (4)

1. A semitrailer containing a platform with ladders for entering the transported equipment located in its front part and wheels mounted in its rear part, the front part connected with the possibility of rotation around the transverse horizontal axis, rigidly fixed or disconnected with the goose of the frame structure made with the possibility of hinged support on the towing device of the tractor, characterized in that in the front part of the jib a coupling pin is mounted pivotally, mating to the opening of the towing device of the tractor and the ability to transfer vertical load to the towing device of the tractor. 2. The semitrailer according to claim 1, characterized in that the jib in its rear part and the platform of the semitrailer in its front part are provided with eyelets corresponding to each other with a horizontal axis perpendicular to the axis of the semitrailer and a finger, mating holes in the eyes, through which it is possible to swivel them. 3. The semitrailer according to claim 1, characterized in that the jib in its rear part is provided with lugs set out to the sides, and two pairs of coaxial lugs are mounted in the front of the semitrailer frame with the possibility of arranging the eyelets on the gooseneck between the lugs on the platform coaxially with them and the locking fingers , responding to the eyes, through which mutual fixing of the eyes on the goose and on the platform is possible. 4. The semitrailer according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling pin in the upper part is provided with a thick-walled thrust disc coaxially with it, rigidly fixed to it.

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