RU2518136C2 - Method for conversion of reciprocal motion of pistons in piston rotor cylinders into rotational motion of rotor and transmission mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building and can be used in hydraulic and air engines, pumps, compressors and other units. Method for the conversion of reciprocal motion of pistons in piston rotor cylinders into the rotational motion of a shaft in a transmission mechanism is implemented by the rotation of the piston rotor fixed at the shaft. Piston rods of the piston rotor bring rack reducers in motion. The rack reducers interact with the sun wheel of the planetary gear. A transmission mechanism for the method implementation comprises a piston rotor, rack and planetary gears. The rotor shaft (1) is movably fixed at immovable supports (2) and bearings (3). The rotor is fitted by rigidly fixed "n" cylinders (4) and the respective number of rack reducers (8). A displaceable piston (6) with a rod (7) being simultaneously a reducer rack is installed inside each cylinder. A planetary pinion (10) is located on the output shaft (9) of each rack reducer. The planetary pinions are set on the rigidly fixed sun wheel (11).

EFFECT: higher efficiency output.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering. The gear mechanism is a rotary piston planetary and is designed to convert the translational movement of the piston in the cylinder of the piston rotor into the rotational movement of the piston rotor itself. This mechanism can be used in hydraulic and pneumatic engines, pumps, compressors and other designs. In some cases, it can replace the crank gear.

The invention is known STEERING VEHICLE VEHICLE.

The invention relates to the field of transport engineering, in particular to the steering mechanisms of vehicles of land, air and water. The steering mechanism of the vehicle includes at least two gears fixed to the drive shaft, one of which is installed with the possibility of interaction with the driven gear rack and pinion mechanism. The rack and pinion mechanism is made in the form of at least two rack sectors, rigidly fastened together and interacting with round driving gears. The second gear wheel mounted on the drive shaft is non-circular and mounted to interact with the driven non-circular wheel mounted on the driven shaft coaxially with the round drive wheel. Round driving gears are installed with the possibility of simultaneous interaction with the respective rack sectors on the ranges with matching gear ratios. The technical result consists in expanding the range of the gear ratio (1).

Known invention STEERING RACK AND TYPE TYPE.

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, namely to gear rack and pinion steering gears. The steering device includes a crankcase, a gear wheel, a movable gear rack with teeth engaged with said gear wheel, a gear rack guide and resilient means that is located between said crankcase and said gear rack guide. The guide rail includes a housing with a cylindrical outer edge surface, a wide annular recessed portion on the outer edge surface, and at least one narrow annular groove on the lower surface of the wide annular recessed section of a smaller width than the width of the wide annular recessed section. The guide rail includes a sliding support, an endless annular elastic element and a cylindrical sleeve with a slotted groove. The cylindrical sleeve with an interference fit is inserted into the fixing hole of the crankcase, and the edge surface of the said cylindrical sleeve is in movable contact with the cylindrical inner edge surface of the crankcase defining the fixing hole of the crankcase. An increase in the wear resistance of the steering gear transmission is achieved (2).

The invention is known. EXECUTIVE MECHANISM FOR STEERING A VEHICLE.

The invention relates to the steering of vehicles, in particular to the steering of cars with a mechanical gear mechanism, especially a rack-and-pinion gear, mainly for cars equipped with an anti-lock system. The steering mechanism of a vehicle includes a steering gear housing with a drive gear installed therein, kinematically connected to the steering wheel and engaged with a rack and pinion gear used to transmit power to the steering gear, and a steering gear with steering rods kinematically connected to the steered wheels to provide steering wheel locking capabilities. The actuator is equipped with a mechanism for automatic locking of the steered wheels, including a hydraulic cylinder with a partition dividing its cavity into a left cavity in which a spring-loaded control piston connected to a rack gear rod is installed, and a right cavity in which a spring-loaded controlled piston connected to the rod with steering rods is mounted . An axial hole is made in the baffle of the hydraulic cylinder, connecting the left and right piston cavities with each other and, in the absence of control action from the gear rack rod in the stage of blocking the steered wheels, blocked by a spool located in the radial hole of the hydraulic cylinder baffle to allow the left and right piston cavities to be connected control action from the side of the rack gear rod in the stage of unlocking the steered wheels. The technical result is a reduction in self-oscillations of the steered wheels and a decrease in their influence on the driver, improved vehicle handling and reduced wear of tires and steering gear parts (3).

The invention is known TRANSMISSION MODULE AND TRANSMISSION ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY.

The invention relates to a transmission module (10) for a tractor that can be selectively configured between a continuously variable transmission mechanism and a multi-gear transmission mechanism. The module comprises a planetary gear assembly (13), in which the first planetary gear element is mechanically actuated from the input shaft (11), and the second planetary gear element is designed as the output shaft of the transmission module. Using a simple CVT coupling or assembly (24) or a pair of clutches (80) between the input shaft and the third planetary gear element, the module (10) can be converted into a transmission with the desired layout. Achieved versatility and reduced manufacturing time of the device (4).

The invention is known PLANETARY VARIATOR.

The invention relates to variators and is designed to smoothly change the gear ratio when transmitting rotation from the engine shaft to the driving wheels of the car. The planetary variator includes a carrier (1) mounted on the shaft (2) and having two satellites (3, 4) located on one shaft (5). One satellite (3) is alternately engaged with wheels (6) having displaced teeth, rolling along these teeth. The wheels (6) are located with the carrier with the possibility of rotation and subsequent fixation on the shafts (7) placed on the frame (8). Together with the wheels (6), the wheels (9) kinematically connected with the wheel (10) are also fixed on the shafts (7). The wheel (10) is mounted on the shaft (2) with the possibility of rotation and subsequent fixing by means of a drive mechanism (12). The second satellite (4) is kinematically connected to the ring gear (13), which has a connection with the driving wheels of the car. The invention allows you to smoothly change the gear ratio when transmitting rotation from the engine to the drive wheels of the car, and also perform the functions of clutch and neutral gear (5).

The invention is known. Stepless Transmission, VARIATOR, TRANSMISSION NUMBER RANGE AND SATELLITE.

The group of inventions relates to mechanical engineering and relates to a continuously variable transmission of vehicles with a friction variator. The continuously variable transmission contains input (3) and output (26) shafts, a planetary multi-plate friction variator, a reversing mechanism and a controllable gearbox range limiter. The variator includes an epicyclic mounted in the housing, made in the form of a package of pairwise arranged disks (1) with an internal touch, a package of pairwise arranged solar disks (2) with an external touch, a carrier connected to the output shaft of the variator and including two disks connected to the c satellites placed on them in the form of intermediate disks. Solar disks (2) are placed on the output shaft of the variator connected to the input shaft of the reversal mechanism. The carrier disks have figured grooves in terms of the number of satellite axes, and satellite axes are connected with figured grooves with the possibility of changing their position and interaction between intermediate disks and solar disks and epicyclic disks. Each of the solar disks and epicyclic disks has a cross section of a shape selected from the series: Z-shaped, unequal corner, Taurus, I-beam, channel. Satellites have a biconvex lenticular shape. The reversing mechanism contains a multi-threaded step-up gearbox and a reverse gearbox with common intermediate shafts. The gearbox range limiter is made in the form of an annular element with an internal conical surface mounted in the housing with the possibility of axial movement and interaction with rollers associated with the balancers. Achieved a reduction in mass, dimensions, increased service life and reduced requirements for the materials of the transmission and its parts (6).

The invention is known for RAPIDLESS PLANETARY-CRANKSHAFT ROTATION CONVERTER FOR ENGINES (OPTION 3-I).

The invention relates to rodless rotation mechanisms and can be used in internal combustion engines. The rotation conversion mechanism contains two crank shafts, two rods connected by end heads with pistons, and the middle heads with the crank axis of the middle crank shaft, a hypocyclic mechanism and a planetary reverse gear. The planetary mechanism contains a stationary crown gear with an inner rim, a movable carrier with three trunnions and three satellite gears with an outer rim mounted on the trunnions. In this case, one of the satellite gears consists of two crowns with a gear ratio of 2/3 or a multiple of 12/18 and is kinematically interconnected with the rod. The invention allows the use of the mechanism in both single-cylinder and multi-cylinder engines at any angle of the cylinders (7).

The invention is known. AUTOMATIC DRIVE.

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in various devices and mechanical transmissions for automatic control of the gear ratio in order to protect engines from overload in continuous rotation. The two-row planetary mechanism comprises a friction clutch, by means of which the sun wheels (3, 10) of the first and second planetary gears are connected, and an overtaking clutch controlled by a screw pressure device, which triggers when the moment of resistance to rotation on the drive shaft increases to values creating engine overloads, capable of disable it. The invention solves the problem of increasing the gear ratio with increasing load in the form of resistance torque on the drive shaft. In this case, the load on the engine is reduced, and the rotation of the drive shaft continues with a reduced speed (8).

The invention is known DISK PLANETARY OPTION.

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used for mechanical drives with both automatic and forced regulation of the gear ratio. The planetary disk variator includes external and internal central friction disks (1) and (2), intermediate conical friction satellite disks (3) and a carrier (5). The ends of the pivoting levers (4), opposite to those on which the satellites are fixed (3), are equipped with pushers-rollers (7) that run around the working surfaces of the profile holes of the control link-disk (10) connected to the output shaft (11) of the variator. The swing levers are spring-loaded relative to the carrier so that the satellites (3), under the action of the springs (6), tend to the center of the variator, which corresponds to a reduction in the gear ratio. The rotary levers (4) are connected to the housing (23) by mechanical connections that convert the rotation of the rotary levers (4) on a rotating carrier (5) into the axial movement of the sleeve (21), which is driven by a linkage mechanism (12). Forced change of the gear ratios of the variator is carried out by turning the lever manually or using a servo drive. In addition to the automatic operation mode, the variator also allows operating with a forced change in the gear ratio (9).

The invention is known Stepless Transmission 5.

The invention relates to continuously variable transmissions and can be used in vehicles and machine tools. The continuously variable transmission contains driving (1) and output (2) shafts and a housing (3), in which a planetary gear (4), a gear ratio control mechanism, speed limits, parking braking and switching the direction of rotation of the output shaft of the transmission, including reversible adjustable hydraulic pump (12) connected to an adjustable hydraulic motor (19). The planetary gear (4) contains the sun (5) and ring (6) gears kinematically connected to each other through pairs (7) of coaxially connected satellites (8) and (9) of different diameters. Each pair (7) is engaged with one pinion gear (6) by one satellite (8), and the second pinion (9) is engaged with the sun gear (5) and fixed with the possibility of rotation by a common axis (10) into the carrier (11) . In this case, the planetary gear (4) is connected by the leading link of the sun gear (5) to the drive shaft (1), the carrier (11) is connected to the output shaft (2) and the ring gear (6) is attached to the hydraulic pump unit (13) (12). EFFECT: simplification of control, manufacturing, repair and reduction of weight, dimensions and transmission cost (10).

However, the above solutions are not universal enough, rack and pinion and planetary gears are used separately.

The objective of the proposed solution was the development of a rotary-piston planetary gear mechanism designed to convert the translational movement of the piston in the cylinder of the piston rotor into the rotational motion of the piston rotor itself using rack and pinion gears.

The technical result is the ability to design equipment for converting pressure, for example, liquid or gas into mechanical energy of rotational motion, while it is expected that the efficiency will be significantly increased in comparison with those used, for example, turbines (2-2.5 times), because the proposed transmission mechanism does not have significant structural power losses.

The inventive mechanism is illustrated in figure 1 (side view) and figure 2. (end view), on which the numbers indicate: 1 - rotor shaft, 2 - fixed bearings, 3 - bearings, 4 - cylinder, 5 - mount, 6 - piston, 7 - piston rod, 8 - rack gear, 9 - output shaft, 10 - planetary gear satellite, 11 - central wheel.

The rack and pinion gear includes a rod 7, which is simultaneously a rack, and a gear 8. The planetary gear includes a carrier, which is a rotor, a satellite 10, a central wheel 11.

Structurally, the transmission mechanism is a combination of a piston rotor, rack and planetary gears. On the fixed bearings 2 and bearings 3, the rotor shaft 1 is movably fixed, on which several ("n") cylinders 4 and the same (corresponding, reciprocal) number of rack gearboxes 8, the design of which can be different, are fixed using fasteners 5. Inside each cylinder there is a movable piston 6 with a piston rod 7, which is also a gear rack, on the output shaft 9 of which there is a planetary gear 10, with the satellites located on a fixed central wheel 11.

The proposed mechanism works as follows.

With the longitudinal movement of the piston 6 inside the cylinder 4, the piston rod 7 passes through the gearbox 8. The gearbox rotates the planetary gear satellites 10, while the piston rotor, acting as a planetary gear carrier, rotates.

Thus, the principle of operation of the rotary-piston planetary gear mechanism is the conversion of the reciprocating motion of the pistons in the cylinders of the piston rotor into the rotational movement of the piston rotor itself, using the rack and planetary gears to convert the movement.

The advantages of the proposed gear mechanism are:

- increase in efficiency in front of mechanisms of similar purpose in 2-2.5 times;

- the use of a transmission mechanism in the construction of hydropower equipment, compressors, pumps and similar equipment.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2268187, B62D 3/12, the application. 07/20/2004.

2. RF patent No. 2427493, B62D 3/12, the application. 04/20/2007.

3. RF patent No. 2156710, B62D 5/10, decl. 05/25/1999.

4. RF patent No. 2454580, F16H 47/04, F16H3 7/02, F16H5 7/02, claimed. 05/16/2008.

5. RF patent No. 2447338, F16H 3/76, BKK 17/08, claimed. 10/06/2010.

6. RF patent No. 2399814, F16H 15/50, F16H 37/08, filed 10/26/2009.

7. RF patent No. 2398121, F02B 75/32, F01B 9/02, F16H 21/14, claimed. 04/05/2005.

8. RF patent No. 2397387, F16H 3/44, decl. 05/26/2009.

9. RF patent No. 2391586, F16H 15/02, decl. 08/15/2008.

10. RF patent No. 2385434, F16H 47/04, claimed. 07/25/2008.

Claims (2)

1. The method of converting the reciprocating motion of the pistons of the n-number of piston rotor cylinders into the rotational movement of the gear shaft, which is carried out by rotating the piston rotor itself mounted on the shaft, achieve the interaction of the n-number of rack gears, which are driven by the piston rods with a central one planetary gear wheel. 2. The transmission mechanism that implements the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a piston rotor, a rack and pinion and planetary gears, on the fixed bearings and bearings the rotor shaft is movably fixed on which "n" cylinders and the corresponding number of rack and pinions are fixed gearboxes, inside each cylinder there is a movable piston with a piston rod, which is also a gear rack, on the output shaft of which there is a planetary gear satellite, while the satellites are not centrally fixed wheel.

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