RU2514075C1 - Building-bridge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: building-bridge comprises a traffic area and premises. The traffic area and premises are inside the main span load-bearing structure of a box-shaped section, shelves and walls of which are internal fences of the premises located inside. Cable braces on pylons are used as the bearing frame of the walls. The inner volume of the building bridge is divided into two or more levels, one of which is occupied by the traffic area, and other levels are occupied by premises of different purpose. Suspensions are attached at the bottom to cable braces, and at the top there are stands that serve as supports for structures of floor decks. Internal walls and slabs of the premises are simultaneously the stiffening elements of the main bridge span. Slabs in areas of fixation to cable braces have edging from metal shapes, for instance, a channel equipped with reinforcement hinges poured with concrete during arrangement of the slabs. The ratio of the building-bridge height to the span makes at least 1/2.5.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to considerably reduce consumption of building materials due to creation of a single structure of a building-bridge and to reduce development area.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used where transport communication through rivers, highways and other long obstacles are necessary.

Known bridge, including supports with carriageways and pedestrian parts, as well as side branches (patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2397288, E01D 1/00, 11/23/2007). However, the known construction of the bridge does not provide premises for housing, civil or industrial purposes.

Closest to the proposed solution is the Ponte Vecchio bridge over the Arno River in Florence built in 1345, bearing three-story buildings on both sides of the carriageway (Florence. The city and its masterpieces. Ed. BONECHI, 1996, pp. 66-69 or vekko.html) .

The advantage of this building is that it performs two functions at once: transport communication between the river-divided parts of the city and the placement of premises useful for city residents. Such a successful combination of functions allowed him to exist without any significant changes for more than six and a half centuries, up to our time. The drawback of the construction is that structurally the buildings and the bridge work separately: the buildings are a passive load on the bridge. This led to the irrational consumption of a large number of building materials, which became one of the reasons for the very small number of cases of the construction of such structures.

The technical result of the invention consists in a significant reduction in the consumption of building materials due to the creation of a unified construction of a building-bridge that accommodates the carriageway and premises within its construction height, as well as a significant reduction in the weight of the structure by replacing the rolled metal with high-strength wire rope steel. In the proposed solution, cables for pylons are used as the skeleton of the external walls with the transfer of load on them from the ceilings through the racks above and through the suspensions from below. Pylons are installed on foundations in the outer corners of a bridge building. Floor-by-floor efforts to tighten the cables are perceived by monolithic slabs. To transfer the pulling forces from the cables to the floor slabs, the latter at the intersections with the cable shafts have edges made of a metal profile, for example, a channel equipped with reinforcing loops that are poured with concrete in the process of overlapping. In this case, the specific consumption (reduced to 1 m ^{2 of} usable area) of structural building materials decreases with an increase in the number of floors. The proposed solution can also significantly reduce the building area.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the bridge building containing the carriageway and the rooms, the carriageway and the rooms are located inside the main span supporting structure of the box section, the shelves and walls of which are external fences located inside the premises. At the same time, guys on pylons are used as the supporting frame of the walls, the internal volume of the bridge building is divided into two or more levels, one of which occupies the carriageway, and the other levels occupy premises for various purposes, with pendants attached to the cables from the bottom and from the top racks that serve as supports for the construction of floors. The internal walls and ceilings of the premises are simultaneously elements of rigidity of the main bridge span structure. Plates of overlap at the points of attachment to the cable-stayers have edgings made of a metal profile, for example, a channel equipped with reinforcing loops poured with concrete when installing ceilings. The ratio of the height of the building-bridge to the span is at least 1 / 2.5.

The figure 1 presents a General view of the building bridge with the roadway in the lower level. The slab of the upper floor 1, lower floor 7 and the outer wall with a skeleton consisting of a cable 2 on the pylon 3, racks 4 and suspensions 5 are the upper and lower shelves and the wall of the main span structure of the box section. Interfloor ceilings 6, performing load-bearing and enclosing functions within their premises, are at the same time stiffeners that ensure the stability of the main span structure. The premises contained in the bridge building can be of various purposes: housing, civil, industrial. The ratio of the height (H) of the bridge building to the span (L) is at least 1 / 2.5.

The figure 2 shows the edging 8 of the slab 6 with reinforcing loops 9 at the intersection of the slab with the cable guy.

The main span structure of the building-bridge in the cross section has a box-shaped shape, where the shelves and walls, performing the supporting function, are simultaneously the enclosures of the rooms. To do this, all their external surfaces are closed with insulating layers.

When erecting a bridge building, the building area is limited to the area of the supporting parts, which do not exceed 20% of the ground floor area (building spots). The remaining 80% of the territory is used for other needs of the city.

With an increase in the number of storeys of a building, the proportion of material consumption for the transport (bridge) part of the structure decreases. Upon reaching the ratio of the height of the building-bridge to a span of 1 / 2.5 or more, the proportion of the consumption of structural materials on the bridge part is reduced to 10%, and the total specific consumption of these materials can be equal to the consumption for an equal in volume (and useful area) building with the same built-up area, standing entirely on the ground.

Claims (3)

1. The building is a bridge containing the roadway and premises, characterized in that the carriageway and premises are located inside the main span supporting structure of the box section, the shelves and walls of which are external fences located inside the premises, and the cables are used as pylons on the pylons, the internal volume of the bridge building is divided into two or more levels, one of which occupies the carriageway, and other levels occupy premises for various purposes, with pendants attached to the bottom of the cables, and racks serving as supports for the construction of interfloor ekryty. 2. The bridge building according to claim 1, characterized in that that the floor slabs at the points of attachment to the cable-stayers have edgings made of a metal profile, for example, a channel equipped with reinforcing loops poured with concrete when installing the ceilings. 3. The bridge building in paragraphs 1 or 2, characterized in that that the ratio of the height of the building-bridge to the span is at least 1 / 2.5.

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