RU2508893C2 - Device for separation of husk from peanut - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery industry, namely devices for separating the seeds from the peanut husk. The device comprises a housing, a loading hopper, a chamber for peeling with a device placed in it for peeling peanuts and placed at the outlet of the chamber for peeling, a separation-cleaning mechanism. The device for peeling peanuts is made in the form of two abrasive elements - upper and lower - mounted horizontally and coaxially to the outlet of the loading hopper. The upper element is made of an elastic material, hollow, with a central opening for passage of peanuts and has the ability to control the position in height. The lower element is made in the form of a rotating disc with a coating of elastic material and is mounted with clearance relative to the upper element. The separation-cleaning mechanism is made in the form of an aspiration unit. The chamber for peeling is equipped with a discharge chute connected through the aspiration channel with the separation-cleaning mechanism.

EFFECT: use of the invention enables to improve the reliability of operation of the device with simultaneous ensuring quality of nut peeling.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, and in particular to devices for separating husks from peanuts.

A device containing a frame, a loading hopper, a peeling chamber with a peeling device and a separation and cleaning mechanism at the outlet of the peeling chamber is known (see the description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2203736, IPC V02B / 04, publ. 05/10/2003).

The device for peeling in the known device is made in the form of an abrasive roll and deck with a stepped inner surface formed by alternating friction and perforated elements. The known device will not provide high-quality separation of the husks from peanuts, in addition, it is metal-intensive and has a complex structure.

A device is known, adopted as the closest analogue, containing a frame, a loading hopper, a peeling chamber with a peanut peeling device placed in it and a separation and cleaning mechanism at the outlet of the peeling chamber (see the description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2023404, IPC A23N 5/00, published on November 30, 1994).

In the known device, drums with cleaving teeth are mounted on horizontal parallel axes in a peeling chamber, and the separation and cleaning mechanism comprises a screw with a brush on the screw edge and a fan. Along the length of the casing of the screw are made, located in a checkerboard pattern, hole-shaped holes for separating peanut seeds.

The known device has a low efficiency in the separation of husks from peanuts and low reliability during operation. The design of the known device is metal-intensive, complex and expensive and, in addition, has low maintainability, which is its drawbacks.

The technical task of the proposed device is to increase the reliability of the device while ensuring the quality of peeling peanuts and reducing the size of the device.

The technical problem is solved in that the device for separating husks from peanuts contains a frame, a loading hopper, a peeling chamber with a peanut peeling device placed in it and a separation and cleaning mechanism at the outlet of the peeling chamber, while the peanut peeling device is made in the form two grinding elements installed horizontally and coaxially with the outlet opening of the loading hopper, upper and lower, while the upper element is made with a central hole for passage of peanuts ca and has the ability to adjust the position in height, and the lower member is disposed with a gap relative to the upper element and is rotatable, and the separating-purifying mechanism is designed as a suction installation. The upper grinding element is made hollow of elastic material. The lower grinding element is made in the form of a disk coated with an elastic material.

The proposed device allows you to:

- to ensure complete peeling of the peanut husk, as well as to minimize peanut crushing;

- double the productivity of the installation;

- significantly reduce the metal consumption and installation dimensions while improving reliability and maintainability.

When the product passes through aspiration, the selection of foreign bodies (dust, debris, etc.) takes place, respectively, complete cleaning of the peeled peanuts ready for use, without additional operations associated with its cleaning.

The proposed device is compact, maintainable.

The figure shows a cross section of a device for separating husks from peanuts.

A device for separating husks from peanuts comprises a housing 1, a loading hopper 2 with a slide gate 3, a peeling chamber with a peanut peeling device located therein.

The peanut peeling device is made in the form of two horizontally and coaxially mounted outlet holes at the base of the feed hopper 2 of the grinding elements 4 and 5, the upper and lower, respectively.

The upper grinding element 4 is made of an elastic material, hollow, with a central hole for feeding peanuts, for example, in the form of a torus and has the ability to adjust the position in height (the hole in the drawing is not shown conventionally).

The lower grinding element 5 is made in the form of a disk with a coating 6 of an elastic material, for example rubber, intended for contact with food products. The lower grinding element 5 is located with a gap relative to the upper grinding element 4, has the ability to rotate from the drive 7. The peeling chamber is equipped with a discharge tray 8 connected via an aspiration channel 9 to a separation and cleaning mechanism made in the form of an aspiration unit 10.

A device for separating husks from peanuts works as follows.

Roasted peanuts coming from the loading hopper 2 fall into the gap between the grinding elements 4 and 5. When the disk 5 is rotated, the peanuts come in contact with the surface of the torus and the coating 6, as a result of which the husks are removed from the peanuts. Next, the mixture of peeled peanuts and husks enters the outlet tray 8, and then into the suction channel 9. Light particles (husks) are removed through the suction channel 9 under the influence of the air flow created by the suction unit 10, and the peanuts peeled under the influence of gravity come from the suction channel 9 along the discharge channel 11 into a container for collecting them (the tank in the drawing is conventionally not shown).

Claims (1)

A device for separating husks from peanuts, comprising a housing, a loading hopper, a peeling chamber with a peanut peeling device located in it and a separation-cleaning mechanism located at the outlet of the peeling chamber, characterized in that the peanut peeling device is made in the form of two installed horizontally and coaxially with the outlet of the loading hopper of the grinding elements - upper and lower, while the upper element is made of elastic material hollow with a central hole for For the passage of peanuts, it also has the ability to adjust the height, and the lower one in the form of a rotating disk coated with elastic material and installed with a gap relative to the upper element, while the separation and cleaning mechanism is made in the form of an aspiration unit, and the peeling chamber is equipped with a discharge tray, connected by means of an aspiration channel with a separation and cleaning mechanism.