RU2506373C2 - Channel of opposite flows of multiflow hydraulic actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to machine-building hydraulics, and namely to hydraulic actuators of mobile machines and hydraulic plants of cyclic action with several actuating mechanisms. The invention proposes a channel of multiflow hydraulic actuator, which is intended for supply of a working liquid flow to pressure cavities and consists of several in-series connected double flow cavities having the possibility of disconnecting their inlets and outlets. Besides, on the flow inlet side, each double flow cavity is connected to the corresponding pressure cavity. Besides, in ties between pressure and overflow cavities there additionally installed are check valves directed with their outlets to pressure cavities. And outlets of double flow cavities are connected through inlets of check valves to the corresponding pressure cavities. Besides, the outlet of the last double flow cavity serves as an inlet for the other flow.

EFFECT: proposed invention allows supplying two independent flows via one hydraulic channel with several pressure cavities, as well as simplifying a hydraulic actuator and reducing dimensions of hydraulic equipment.

2 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering hydraulics, in particular to hydraulic drives of mobile machines and hydraulic installations of cyclic action with several actuators.

Hydraulic drives of excavators, cranes and manipulators are known in which the channels supplying the working fluid from the pressure line communicate with several pressure cavities, from which the hydraulic motors of the actuators are powered when they are turned on. Depending on the functions inherent in the hydraulic drive, these channels can be performed in various ways.

When a simultaneous supply of working fluid to several actuators is required, the channel is made so that it combines the pressure cavities corresponding to these mechanisms in a parallel circuit (Fig. 79a, [1]). This version of the channel is typical for hydraulic valves of the MO type from Bosch Rexroth AG; it provides a parallel circuit for connecting spools to pressure [2].

The disadvantage of this version of the channel supplying the flow is that it does not allow the combination of two or more working movements with the regulation of their speed, since the liquid tends to enter the hydraulic motor of the working body with the lowest external resistance.

In the case when it is required to exclude the simultaneous supply of the working fluid to more than one mechanism, another channel option is used. This channel is formed from several double flow cavities connected in series, communicating with each other.

This channel option provides an individual connection scheme for actuators. Moreover, the priority of connecting to the pressure, with the simultaneous inclusion of several mechanisms, will be for the mechanism, the pressure cavity of which is fed from the flow cavity located closest to the beginning of the channel. The working fluid will flow into its corresponding pressure cavity. When this actuator is turned on, the passage between the cavities of the double flowing cavity will be blocked, therefore, there will be no supply of working fluid to the mechanisms powered by the following double flowing cavities (Fig. 79c, [1]).

This version of the feed stream channel, providing an individual circuit for connecting actuators to pressure, is the closest analogue of the claimed technical solution and is taken as a prototype.

This invention solves the following problems:

a) the supply through one channel of two independent flows into the pressure cavity corresponding to any included spool;

b) the supply through one channel of two independent from each other flows into separate pressure cavities of two priority spools when several spools are turned on.

c) simplification of the design of hydraulic machines.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that two independent streams directed towards each other are fed into one supply channel from its different ends. To ensure the function of adding flows when one actuator is turned on, as well as to ensure the simultaneous operation of the actuators of each of its own flows, all flow cavities of such a channel are connected through the inlet of the check valves to the corresponding pressure cavities.

Figure 1 shows a variant of the channel, identical to that adopted for the prototype. Figure 2 shows the channel of oncoming flows, which is the subject of this invention. In both figures, channels are shown in which the flow cavities are locked by means of a cylindrical spool, and in these figures and in the following, cavities are shown which form a channel of oncoming flows. Other cavities not related to the oncoming flow channel are conventionally not shown. Figure 3 shows a diagram of a hydraulic channel of oncoming flows. In Fig. 4, the arrows show the direction of flow when locking the second flow chamber from the bottom. Figure 5 is the same when locking the first and third flow cavity. Figure 6 shows a variant of the oncoming flow channel with a disconnecting element made in the form of a controlled valve and the direction of flow when locking the second flow cavity. In Fig.7 - the direction of movement of the flows when locking the first and third flow cavities of the channel of the oncoming flows with a valve isolating element. On Fig shows a simplified diagram of a hydraulic actuator with an individual circuit for connecting mechanisms to two independent flows using one channel of oncoming flows. For clarity, the channel elements of the oncoming flows in Fig. 8 are shown by thickened lines.

The oncoming flow channel includes pressure cavities 1-4, dual flow cavities 5-8, with inputs 9-12 and outputs 13-16, check valves 17-24, inlet 25 for the second flow. Inputs 9-12 and outputs 13-16 are connected through check valves 17-24 with pressure cavities 1-4.

In the case of execution of the oncoming flow channel according to claim 2, all of the above elements are performed in the housing 26 of a multi-threaded hydraulic distributor (Figs. 2, 6).

The counter stream channel works as follows. In the neutral position, all double flow cavities 5-8 are not locked, the channel is open along the entire length from the inlet 9 to the second inlet 25 (Figs. 2, 3, 8), the pressure in the duct is minimal, the check valves 17-24 are closed, the pressure cavities 1 -4 disconnected from actuators.

When only one actuator is turned on, the channel of oncoming flows overlaps, for example, in a double flowing cavity 6. Input 10 and output 14 of this cavity are disconnected. The flow P1 from the inlet 9, bypassing the open double flow cavity 5, through the check valve 19 is directed to the pressure chamber 2. The second stream P2 from the inlet 25, bypassing the open double flow cavities 8 and 7, through the check valve 20 is also sent to the pressure cavity 2 As a result, the total flow rate of the two flows is directed to the actuator, which allows to increase the maximum possible speed of this actuator (Figs. 4, 6).

If you try to connect several more actuators, for example, additionally block the double flow cavities 5 and 7 (Figs. 5, 7), then the pressure flow P1 from the inlet 9 through the check valve 17 will be directed to the pressure cavity 1, and from there to the corresponding executive to the mechanism. The passage of the flow P1 to the pressure cavity 6 will be blocked by a locked double flowing cavity 5 located closer to the inlet 9 of the flow P1.

The second pressure stream P2 will go from the inlet 25, bypassing the open flow cavity 8, through the check valve 22, into the pressure cavity 3, and then to the corresponding actuator. The passage of the flow P2 to the pressure cavity 2 will be blocked by a locked double flowing cavity 7 located closer to the inlet 25 of the flow P2. As a result, the movement of the actuator of the corresponding pressure cavity 2 will become impossible.

The actuator corresponding to the pressure cavity 1 will be connected to the pressure P1, and the actuator corresponding to the pressure cavity 3 will be connected to the pressure P2. Thus, the independent simultaneous work of two executive bodies will be implemented, having priority over the previously included executive body.

Claims (2)

1. The channel is a multi-threaded hydraulic drive, designed to supply the flow of the working fluid to the pressure cavities, consisting of several series-connected double flow cavities, with the ability to disconnect their inlets and outlets, and on the flow inlet side, each double flow cavity is connected with the corresponding pressure cavity, characterized in that in the connections between the pressure and overflow cavities, check valves are additionally installed, directed by their exits to the pressure cavities, and the double exits rotochnyh cavities are connected to inputs of check valves with the respective pressure chambers, the output of the last double flow cavity serves as an entrance to another thread. 2. The channel according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the housing of a multi-threaded hydraulic distributor.

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