RU1798444C - Hydraulic drive of single-bucket excavation loader - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the development and loading of soils by cyclic machines. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a hydraulic actuator comprises a first group of hydraulic motors and a first valve with two flow channels with an opposite direction of flow of the working fluid. The input of one of the channels is communicated with the first pump. A second valve with two flow channels is connected to the second group of hydraulic motors. The channel inputs are respectively communicated with the channel outputs of the first control valve, and the outputs are connected to the hydraulic tank. 1 C.p. f-ls, 1 ill.

Description

The invention relates to road construction vehicles.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of operational capabilities.

The drawing shows a hydraulic diagram of a single bucket excavator loader.

The hydraulic actuator consists of two pumps 1 and 2, a hydraulic tank 3, a safety valve block 4. Pumps 1 and 2 are respectively connected by pressure lines to the control valves 5 and b, whose spools 7-16 are connected by corresponding pipelines to the hydraulic motors: 17 - the loader bucket hydraulic cylinder, 18 - the hydraulic cylinder of the boom of the loader, 19 - the hydraulic cylinder of the bucket of excavation equipment, 20 - the hydraulic cylinder of the boom, 21 - the hydraulic cylinder of the handle, 22 - the hydraulic cylinder

rotation mechanism drive, 23 — telescopic arm hydraulic cylinder, 24 and 25 — support shoe hydraulic cylinders. The spools 15 and 16, which control the hydraulic cylinders of the support shoes, are made according to a scheme that ensures the divided or, if necessary, joint operation of the two supports. Two pressure channels are made in the directional control valves (directional control valve 5 — channels a and b, directional control valve 6 — channels c and d), which provide oncoming movement of the working fluid flows from two pumps.

The design of the three spools 10-12 of the control valve ensures that the pressure channel is connected in after the third spool 12 by a pipe 30 with a drain. .Connection of pumps 1 and 2 s

4

the first 5 and second 6 hydraulic distributors are implemented as follows.

The flow from the pump 1 through the pressure pipe 26 enters the pressure channel and the valve 5, while the flow from the pump 2 enters the pressure channel b of the same valve. When neutral. the position of the spools is the opposite movement of flows from two pumps 1 and 2. From the channel a of the control valve 5 through the pipe 31, the flow of the working fluid enters the pressure channel to the control valve 6 and after the slide valve 12 through the pipe 30 enters (at the neutral position of the slide valves) hydraulic tank 3.

At the same time, the flow of the working fluid from channel b of the control valve

5 through the pipe 28 enters the pressure channel g of the valve 6 (at the neutral position of the valve spools 6) through the pipe 30 enters the drain in the hydraulic tank 3.

So in the valve

6, in the section of three spools 10-12, the oncoming flow flows from two pumps 1 and 2 along the Whig channels.

The hydraulic actuator operates as follows,

In the initial position, the spools of the control valves 5 and b are in the neutral position. The working fluid supplied by the pump 1 and 2 from the hydraulic tank 3 along the pressure lines 26 and 27, respectively, enters the pressure channels a and b of the hydraulic distributor 5; which provide oncoming movement of flows, from the control valve b, the working fluid from the channel a passes through the pipe 31 to the channel to the control valve 6 and then after the spool 12 controls the handle cylinder through the pipe 30 to drain into the hydraulic tank 3, and from the channel b the steam distributor 5 through pipeline 30 to drain. Spools 10-12 of the control valve 6 are connected to the VIG pressure channels by two flow lines. The pressure of the pressure lines 26 and 27 is equal to the drain pressure, taking into account losses in the channels of the hydraulic distributor.

When one of the spools 7, 8 or 9 of the valve 5 or valve 10,11 or 12 of the valve 6 is switched to one of the operating positions, the flow of working fluid from channels a and b of the valve 5 or the wig of the valve 6 is combined on the included valve and enters through the pipelines to the corresponding hydraulic motor, i.e. depending on the spool turned on, operation of the cylinders of the loader 17, 18 or bucket 19, boom 20 or arm 21, respectively, is provided.

When simultaneously switching any two spools 7.8 or 9 of the control valve 5 or spools 10-16 of the control valve 6 in any sequence, each of the two spools simultaneously connected ensures that only one pump flows into the corresponding hydraulic motor.

When simultaneously switching the spools 7 and 8 of the control valve 5, through the spool 7 from the channel a through the pipeline, the flow from the pump 1 enters the hydraulic motor 17. At the same time, through the included spool 8 from the channel b, the flow from the pump 2 enters the hydraulic motor 18.

Thus, a stable alignment of the hydraulic motors of the loading equipment is ensured regardless of the external load.

When the spools of block b are turned on, for example, the spools 10 and 11, through the spool .10 from the channel a from the pump 1., The flow of the working fluid enters the hydraulic cylinder of the bucket 19. At the same time, when the spool 11 is turned on, the flow from the pump 2 through the channel b of the block 5, pipeline 28, channel g, spool 11 enters the boom cylinder 20, i.e. when you turn on any two spools of the drive of the working equipment (bucket 10, boom 11, arm 12), a stable combination of working movements is ensured.

When the spool 14, which controls the hydraulic cylinders of the rotation mechanism drive, is turned on, the flow of working fluid from the pump 2 through channel b of block 5, pipeline 28, channel g of block 6, the spool 13 enters the hydraulic cylinder 22.

At the same time, when one of the spools of the working equipment is turned on, the flow of the working fluid from the pump 1 through the channel a of block 5, pipeline 31, channel-in enters the corresponding hydraulic cylinder, i.e. with this combination of switching on the spools of block b, a stable combination of the operation of the bucket, arm or boom with the rotation of the excavation equipment is realized. The spools 15 and 16, which control the hydraulic cylinders of the supports 24 and 25, are made according to the scheme, which, when switching the spool 16, provides a flow of the working fluid simultaneously to the hydraulic cylinder 25 and to the spool 15, and, if the spool 15 is turned on in parallel with the spool 16, the working fluid flows to hydraulic cylinders 24 and 25, which provides both a given separate and joint work of two supports.

Claims (2)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A hydraulic drive of a single-bucket backhoe loader, comprising pumps, a hydraulic tank, a first group of hydraulic motors, a first hydraulic control valve connected to the first group of hydraulic motors with two flow channels with an opposite direction of flow of the working fluid, one of which communicates with the first pump and the other with the second pump, with the exception of the fact that, in order to expand operational capabilities, the hydraulic drive is equipped with a second group 0 hydraulic motors and a second valve with two flow channels connected to it, the inputs of which are respectively connected with the outputs of the flow channels of the first valve, s outputs of the flow channels of the second valve, are connected with the hydraulic tank,. 2. The hydraulic actuator is pop. Characterized in that one of the flow channels of the second valve is made in part of its spool.