RU2503755C1 - Processing line for production of flax fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textiles, paper.

SUBSTANCE: processing line for production of flax fiber comprises consistently mounted downstream the technological process the dryer of flax stock rolls, uncoiler of the rolls, a group of breaking-tow shakers, a blowing-cleaning machine for preliminary processing of industrial fiber, a can small-sized carding machine for cleaning fibers from chaff and partial cottonising of fiber, a modifier of flax ribbon to produce the fiber modified in length, in which the fiber is crushed and is exposed to final purification from chaff, a condenser for removal from fiber of dust and fine foreign impurities.

EFFECT: obtaining flax fiber with length of 50-100 mm and low content of chaff.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of processing flax trusts on a technological line for producing flax fiber for the powder industry and civil purposes.

Most effectively, the present invention can be used in the production of raw materials for the production of cellulose nitrates for gunpowder and other combustible materials, including the production of cellulose that does not contain impurities of lignin, campfire and other inclusions.

The creation of a flax fiber production line is due to a shortage of cotton, traditionally used in the production of gunpowder and cellulose. Providing the powder industry with a raw material base from flax, which grows in many regions of the Russian Federation, is an urgent task of ensuring the country's defense capability.

A highly refined flax fiber production line may be an alternative when replacing imported cotton with domestic raw materials.

Known production lines used in the textile industry for the kotonization of flax fiber by cleaning, loosening and splitting of flax fiber.

The well-known lines of flax fiber cotonization (RU 2109859 C1, 27.04.1998 and RU 2132422 C1, 06.27.1999) are built on the principle of repeated mechanical action on a short fiber in the form of combing, flattening, emulsification, cutting and other processing methods. During prolonged machining, a fiber with a large spread in length is obtained. In addition, a large increase in the output of the share of dust and small indirect fibers, requires further cleaning of the fiber from dust and small fibers, and this lengthens the process, and a large number of small indirect fibers increases the cost of raw materials.

A production line for processing predominantly flax fiber (RU 2116392 C1, 07.27.1999) produces cotonized fiber with increased clogging (bonfire content of 2.0-5.5%), which complicates the process of spinning it in the textile industry.

The closest prototype is a production line for producing cotonized fiber from short flax (RU 2153033 C1, 12/06/1999).

The technical task of the invention is the creation of such a line that would allow to obtain flax fiber of the highest degree of purification and the required size, satisfying the length of the possibility of processing into cellulose to obtain its nitrates. Due to the selection of equipment for cleaning the fiber, its loosening and partial cotonization, which contributes to the production of flax fiber with a length of 50-100 mm and a fire content of 1-2%.

This problem is solved in that the technological line for producing flax fiber, including the dryer of rolls of linen trusts sequentially installed during the process, the unwinder of rolls, a group of muller-shaking machines, according to the invention further comprises a bobbin-cleaning machine for pre-processing technical fiber, a small-sized carding machine pelvic for cleaning fiber from bonfires and partial fiber tonification, linen ribbon modifier for obtaining modified fiber length, a condenser for removing fiber dust and small harmful impurities.

The figure 1 shows a diagram of a line for producing flax fiber with a high degree of purification.

The figure 2 presents a scheme for cleaning flax fiber as it passes through the apparatus for processing it.

The figure 3 shows a diagram of the processing of flax fiber on a machine brand МММТ.

The line for receiving flax fiber contains sequentially installed during the process dryer 1 rolls of linen trusts, unwinder 2 rolls. The flaxseed trust then falls into the group of milling and shaking cleaning machines 3.4, bobbin-cleaning machine (TOM) 5, small-sized pelvic combing machine (MCHMT) 6, linen tape modifier (MLL) 7, condenser (AK) 8 and press 9. The basis of the proposed cleaning line is the MCMT machine, which is an aggregate that performs several technological operations in one device, MLL and manufactured fiber finishing machines to the content of fire and dust of 1-2%. The selection of machines and the sequence of their installation in the line are due to the property of flax raw materials (its ripeness and contamination). The machines in the line are interconnected by the output capacity of the flax semi-finished product.

The line works as follows. Rolls of flax trust enter dryer 1, into which warm air is supplied from the heat generator. It is desirable to maintain the dried rolls of the trust for at least 1 day to even out the layers of the trust in moisture, which is important in the further processing of the trust into fiber. Next, the rolls are fed to the unwinder 2, where the trust rolls are unwound and fed, then to cleaning machines 3,4 for pre-treatment of flax, in which the trust is freed from coarse impurities and partially parallelized and formed into a ribbon of linen fibers. Cleaning machines are connected to a cyclone to separate impurities from the fiber.

On the shaking-cleaning machine 5, the fiber is released from small inclusions of the fire and lignin.

Next, the fiber is directed to a small-sized pelvic combing machine 6. The fiber is loaded into the hopper 10 of the feeder, the bottom of which is an inclined shield, and one of the walls is a needle conveyor 11, which feeds the fiber from the hopper into the weight box 12. An even layer of fiber on the needle conveyor is formed by a leveling crest 13 and is removed with a special roller 14.

When the weighing box is full, the sensor turns off the feeder, and fiber intake stops. The weighing box opens, and a portion of the fiber enters the feed conveyor 15, where it is sealed with a roller 16 and fed to the feed rollers 17. From the feed rollers, the fiber layer is transferred through the feed drum 18 to the pre-drum 19.

In the pre-screening drum, the fiber is intensively loosened and laid in parallel layers along the length of the rollers 20, 21. Next, the fiber is transferred by rollers 22, 23 to the main drum of the screen 24, in which the fiber is scratched on the working 25 and removable 26 rollers.

Fiber in the form of a canvas is removed from the main drum to the removable drum 27, from where it enters the removable comb 28. The removable comb is an executive working body designed to remove from the surface of the removable drum of the comb in the form of a thin layer of fleece. The comb makes oscillatory movements of a sufficiently high frequency and in a certain area with the force of the blow removes the fleece from the drum needles and compacts it.

The fleece is sent to the forming funnel, then passes between the self-loading and exhaust rollers 29 and in the form of a tape enters the flattening shafts 30 of the conveyor. When the spreader is rotated, the tape spirals into the basin.

As a result of repeated combing, the fiber is partially cotonized, which introduces an additional effect on the reactivity of its chemical conversion to cellulose and further to nitrates.

The fiber from the MFMT is sent by pneumatic transport to the working chambers of modifier 7, in which the fiber is chopped and finally cleared of the fire. The fiber processed in the modifier has a length of 50-100 mm.

The length-modified fiber is transported by means of a fan to the condenser 8. The fiber supplied to the condenser loading hatch is distributed over the top of the drum and, on the way to the removable drum, the fiber is dusted off and dumped into the hopper to collect the purified fiber and then to the press 9 to form a bale of the finished fiber.

The proposed flax fiber processing line allows to obtain partially cotonized fiber with a fire content of 1-2% with a length of 50-100 mm. In known analogues, the flax fiber weediness is either more than 2% or less than 1%. The proposed technology does not provide for emulsification of the fiber during processing, resulting in a more stringent machining, but this significantly reduces waste in the form of dust.

Thus, the proposed technology provides partially cotonized flaxseed, which meets the requirements for the production of cellulose from it by chemical treatment.

Industrial applicability. The invention can be used in the production of cellulose and further cellulose ethers for enterprises of special chemistry.

Claims (1)

A flax fiber production line containing a flax trust roll dryer, a roll unwinder, a group of jarring and shaking machines, sequentially installed during the process, and a group of jarring and shaking machines, characterized in that it additionally contains a flap-cleaning machine sequentially installed after a group of jarring and shaking machines for preliminary processing of technical fiber, a small-sized pelvic combing machine for cleaning fiber from a bonfire and partial fiber tonification, linen linen modifier you for producing modified fibers by length, the fiber is ground and finally is purified of fires, a condenser for removing fiber dust and small harmful impurities.

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