RU2492415C1 - High-explosive ammunition of directed action - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: high-explosive ammunition of directed action comprises a body, an initiation system, a hollow cylindrical explosive charge with high speed of detonation, a submunition block, an additional explosive charge, an internal explosive charge with low speed of detonation and a charge hollow in a base. The charge hollow is filled with the submunition block. The submunition block is made from powders of flammable materials. The additional explosive charge is placed between the body and the hollow cylindrical charge. In the base of the additional charge there is an internal charge hollow.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of rending action in axial direction.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to defense equipment and can be used in various high-explosive fragmentation munitions (OFBP), designed to hit targets with fragments and high-explosive action.

State of the art

Each OFBP contains a certain amount of energy, determined by the mass of the explosive charge (EX). Usually in a PS explosion, this energy is distributed in all directions, regardless of the direction to the target. Since in terms of their energy content (using conventional explosives) the OFBP has reached the limit, a further increase in the power of the OFBP is possible only with a concentrated (directed) energy impact on the target. Therefore, at present, so much attention is paid to the development of directional BP.

Known anti-personnel fragmentation mines with directional fragmentation fields, for example, the domestic anti-personnel mine MON-50. The mine is made with a flat prismatic forward-facing plastic case, in the front wall of which there is a block of ready-made striking elements (GGE), and inside the case there is an explosive charge (BB) with a detonator. When a mine explodes, a beam of steel balls forms, forming a directional fragmentation field at the target.

In another known close technical solution [1] for an engineering mine with directional action, comprising a housing of predominantly rectangular shape with the main explosive charge placed in it, a fuse, a fixed GGE block, and an intermediate explosive charge located between the main charge and the GGE block made with the possibility of extracting it from the mine’s hull, a design is also implemented with directed fragmentation.

The common features with the proposed OFBP are the presence of a destructible body, fuse, two explosive charges in the general case with different detonation velocities and a GGE block.

As for the high-explosive action of a mine, it is not directional, since no constructive measures are taken for this, and it is determined only by the explosive charge form and the point of its initiation.

Another well-known technical solution [2] proposes a tank fragmentation-fragmentation projectile "Dust" with a high-density GPE beam. The projectile contains a housing, in the front of which a GGE block or a predetermined crushing block is placed, and an explosive charge with a bottom detonator is placed in the rest of the housing. The mass of one GGE or a fragment of a given crushing is from 0.2 g to 0.4 g, while the number of finished striking elements or fragments of a given crushing in a block is 6000-25000.

Common features with the proposed OFBP are the presence of a destructible hull, a bottom fuse, an explosive charge, and a head block of the GGE.

The implementation of this technical solution leads to several advantages that lead to increased fragmentation in the axial direction, since a large number of small fragments (like a dust cloud) move along the BP axis. As for the high-explosive action, it remains the same (as with a regular projectile), because and in this decision no special design measures are taken to strengthen it.

A close technical solution adopted for the prototype is known for a directional fixed-frequency safety factor containing a housing, an initiation system, an external hollow cylindrical explosive charge with a high detonation velocity, and an internal explosive charge with a lower detonation velocity, the detonation velocities of which are 1: (0.7 ... 0.8), while the internal charge is made of a thermobaric composition and a cumulative recess (KB) is placed in its base in the form of a truncated cone with an angle at the base of 37 ° ... 45 ° and a diameter of the upper base (0.3 ... 0.5) d where d is the diameter of the inner charge.

Common features with the proposed OFBP are the presence of a housing, an initiation system, a hollow cylindrical explosive charge with a high detonation velocity, an internal explosive charge with a lower detonation velocity and KB in the base filled with a PE block. Although the proposed technical device is a design of OFBP with a directional fragmentation field, but the structural solutions incorporated in it, with further development allow us to develop an effective OFBP of directional high-explosive action.

Disclosure of invention

The object of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of high-explosive action in the axial direction.

This problem is solved by the fact that in the known technical device comprising a housing, an initiation system, a hollow cylindrical explosive charge with a high detonation velocity, an internal explosive charge with a lower detonation velocity and KB at the base filled with a block of damaging elements, the block of damaging elements is made of combustible powders metals, while between the body and the hollow cylindrical charge an additional explosive charge is placed, at the base of which its own HF is made.

An embodiment of the OFBP is possible in which the surface of the cumulative recess at the base of the additional explosive charge is made in the form of a cone with a vertex on the axis of the internal charge.

The initiation system in the proposed technical solution is made in the form of an inert explosion-proof lens, on the outer end of which there is a transfer sheet charge in contact with the end face of the hollow cylindrical charge.

In part of the volume of the cavity KB internal charge can be additionally installed block GGE.

List of drawings

Figure 1 is an axial section of OFBP;

Figure 2 - position of the fronts of detonation waves (DW) in charges at some point in time;

Figure 3 is a diagram of the formation and development of the jet stream at the end of the OFBP;

Figure 4 - option OFBP with block GGE.

The implementation of the invention

In the drawings, the numbers indicate:

1 - PSU case;

2 - fuse;

3 - hollow cylindrical charge of explosives;

4 - inert explosion-proof lens;

5 - internal explosive charge;

6 - additional explosive charge;

7 - KB internal charge;

8 - KB of additional charge;

9 - end cap;

10 - products of the explosion (PV) of a hollow cylindrical charge;

11 - PV internal charge;

12 - position of the front of the Makhov FE;

13 - position of the front of the DW in the internal charge;

14 - PV additional charge;

15 - position of the front of the DW in a hollow cylindrical charge;

16 - position of the front of the DW in the additional charge;

17 - external jet of PV additional charge;

18 - an internal stream formed by burning damaging elements;

19 - front of an air shock wave (HC) in front of an internal jet;

20 - toroidal front of an air shock in front of an external stream;

21 - transfer sheet charge;

22 - block GGE.

Implementation OFBP on the proposed technical solution (Figure 1) improves the efficiency of high-explosive action in the axial direction.

Indeed, in this case, the process of functioning of the OFBP according to the proposed technical solution is carried out as if in two stages.

At the first stage, the initiation system from the fuse 2 is triggered, which ensures the transfer of the initiating pulse from the fuse 2 to the transfer sheet charge 21 located on the outer end of the inert explosion-proof lens 4, and then to the hollow cylindrical charge 3. In the future, the whole process of detonation of the OPF will be carried out with detonation velocity D ₁ charge 3.

It is proposed to use as explosives for charges:

- a powerful explosive with a high detonation velocity Di for charge 3;

- high-energy explosive (such as thermobaric) for charge 5;

- arbitrary explosive with a detonation velocity D ₃ ≤D ₁ .

At the second stage (Figure 2), the formation of the DW in charges 5 and 6 (shown by the PV behind the front of the DW 11 and 14), the fronts 13 and 16 of which propagate to the axis of the RPF in charge 5 and to the body wall in charge 6 with their detonation velocities D ₂ and D _3, respectively. When converging to the axis of symmetry, the parameters at the front of the conical DW 13 begin to increase and reach a maximum at the moment of collapse on the axis. The consequence of this is the formation of a secondary DW propagating in the axial direction — the Mach 12 DW. As the complex of interacting DW 12 and 13 propagates in charge, the diameter of the Mach disk increases to a certain size, after which its growth stops and the detonation-wave complex formed ( DCK) propagates in a stationary mode with a detonation velocity of charge 3 over the remaining part of the RPF. Since in this case the velocity of the front of Mach 12 DW (D ₄ ) is significantly higher than the normal detonation velocity of charge 5 (D ₂ ), an increase in the detonation parameters (pressure, density, mass velocity, etc.) at the front of DW 12 ( respectively, behind the front), which propagates over charge 5 in overcompressed mode.

If KB 7 is formed in charge 5, which coincides in form with DCK 12-13, then in this case the DW will be returned to normal at any point on the surface of the CV. Thereby, the maximum possible loading parameters of KB will be realized, and, therefore, immediately after the exit of the DW to the surface of KB, the outflow of the PV charge 5 into the surrounding air will begin in the direction of the axis of symmetry with the formation of a high-speed jet. In this case, the end cover 9 is discarded or destroyed.

Moreover, if KB 7 contains a block of damaging elements made of powders of combustible metals, then the elements are involved in the joint movement as part of the internal jet 18 with simultaneous ignition and combustion (Figure 3). Since the movement of the internal jet is supersonic, an air HC 19 is formed in front of it. The heat energy released during the combustion of the internal jet (damaging elements) increases the specific internal energy of the medium behind the front of the HC 19, which in turn leads to an increase in the parameters at its front (pressure, density, mass velocity, etc.). It is this process of energy transfer from the burning jet 18 to HC 19 and its range that determine the effectiveness of the high-explosive action of the directional fixed-frequency fire-fighting beam.

In the process of movement, the high-speed jet 18 experiences intense interaction with the surrounding air, which leads to its braking, blurring along the side surface and expansion. The consequence of this is a decrease in the range of the jet. To increase the range of the jet 18, you can use the method proposed in [4], when a coaxial external jet is created on the external surface of the internal jet, which shields the internal one from interaction with the surrounding air. To this end, in the proposed technical solution (Figure 1), the hollow cylindrical charge 3 is made spaced from the wall of the housing 1, and in the space between the charge 3 and the wall of the housing 1 an additional charge 6 is placed, which has its own KB 8 at the end. During detonation in the charge 6, a conical DW 16 is formed (Figure 2), which, together with the DW 15 in the hollow charge 3, inside the KB 8 form flows of airflows, the interaction of which leads to the formation of an external supersonic jet of airflow guns 17 (Fig. 3). Ahead of the external jet 17 is propelled by its own airborne hydrocarbon 20 having a toroidal shape. Since the external jet 17 is gas, it is lighter and therefore more high-speed than the internal jet 18 containing heavy powder damaging elements. For this reason, at the initial portion of the expansion, the external jet 17 overtakes the internal jet 18. However, the light jet 17 is decelerated more intensively than the heavy jet 18, and from some point in time the jet 18 will catch up with the jet 17 with the formation of a common air shock. Thus, the presence of an external jet 17 will allow the formation (in the initial section) of the field of expansion velocities in the jet 18, which will provide it with greater range.

When performing KB 8 at the base of the additional charge 6 with a surface in the form of a cone with a vertex on the axis of the internal charge 5, the flows of PV from charges 3 and 6 allow the formation of an external stream parallel to the axis of the internal charge 5.

Figure 4 presents the variant OFBP, in which in the part of the cavity KB 7 placed block GPE 22, and its location is preferably in the base KB, at its apex or simultaneously in both places. In the first case, the GGE block 22 has a transporting effect on the jet 18 flying behind them from burning damaging elements, turbulizing the air in front of it and providing better conditions for burning. In the second case, starting from some point in time of motion, the GGE 22 penetrate the jet 18 flying in front of them, turbulizing it and mixing it with air to improve combustion. The last option has the sum of all the features noted above.

Thus, when the GPE block 22 is placed in the part of the KB 7 cavity, the fragmentation effect in the axial direction is additionally enhanced, since a rather narrow high-speed GPE flow will propagate along the BP axis.

The proposed OFBP works as follows. Preliminarily, using the control system, the OFBP is oriented by the BP axis to the target. On command, fuse 2 is triggered and a hollow charge 3 is initiated, detonation from which is transferred to charges 5 and 6. As a result of the propagation of detonation, a DCK 12-13 is formed in charge 5, matching in shape with KB 7 form, which will provide maximum throwing parameters for the resulting internal jet 18, consisting of PV 11 and burning destructive elements located in KB 7. After detonation of the additional charge 6 from its own KB 8, a coaxial external jet 17 is formed, which shields the jet 18 from the inhibitory interaction I'm with ambient air. As a result, the range of the central internal jet 18 increases, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the high-explosive action of the OFBP in the direction of the target.

Information sources

1. Patent RU 2206864 dated 12/10/2001, F42B 23/10. Engineering mine directional.

2. Patent RU 2374600 dated 01.12.2008, F42B 12/32, F42B 12/62. Tank fragmentation-fragmentation projectile "Dust" with a high-density beam of finished striking elements.

3. Patent RU 2427785 dated 05/20/2010, F42B 1/02, F42B 12/20. High-explosive fragmentation ordnance.

4. Patent RU 2243036 dated 04/17/2003, B05B 7/00. A method of creating a gas-droplet jet and a device for its implementation.

Claims (4)

1. High-explosive explosive ordnance containing a body, an initiation system, a hollow cylindrical explosive charge with a high detonation velocity, an internal explosive charge with a lower detonation velocity and a cumulative recess in the base filled with a block of damaging elements, characterized in that the block of damaging elements made of powders of combustible metals, while between the body and the hollow cylindrical charge an additional explosive charge is placed, at the base of which made own cumulative excavation. 2. High-explosive fragmentation munition according to claim 1, characterized in that in it the surface of the cumulative recess at the base of the additional explosive charge is made in the form of a cone with a vertex on the axis of the internal charge. 3. High-explosive fragmentation munition according to claim 1, characterized in that the initiation system in it is made in the form of an inert explosion-proof lens, on the outer end of which there is a transfer sheet charge of the explosive in contact with the end face of the external hollow cylindrical charge. 4. High-explosive fragmentation munition according to claim 1, characterized in that, in terms of the volume of the cumulative funnel of the internal charge, an additional block of ready-made striking elements is additionally installed.

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