RU2413921C1 - High-explosive fragmentation shell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: high-explosive fragmentation shell comprises body, detonating fuse, main charge of high-energy explosive substance with reduced speed of detonation and additional charge of high-capacity explosive substance with high speed of detonation. Additional charge is arranged in the form of extended cord charges in amount of N≥4, evenly arranged on inner surface of ammunition vessel along its axis. Bulk weight of cord charges is within the range of (0.5…2.0)ρ_dh², where ρ_d - density of additional charge, h - thickness of ammunition vessel.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of demolition action.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to defense technology and can be used in various high-explosive fragmentation munitions (OFBP) designed to hit targets with fragments and high-explosive action.

State of the art

There are many designs of OFBP (see, for example, the catalog "Arms of Russia", v. 7. - M .: AOZT "Military Parade", 1997). The main elements of these structures are the body, the fuse, as a rule, the central glass with an additional explosive charge of the explosive (BB), which performs the functions of transmission and amplification of the initiating pulse from the fuse to the equipment (main charge) of the PSU. Therefore, powerful explosives with sufficiently high sensitivity to detonation are used for the additional charge, while the mass of the additional charge usually does not exceed several percent of the mass of the main charge. A wide range of explosives is used as equipment, the choice of which for a particular PSU design is determined by various conditions.

It is known that the thick and durable OFBP casing absorbs up to 50 ... 70% of the explosion energy (see Sadovsky, MA Selected Works. Geophysics and Explosion Physics. - M .: Nauka, 1999. - 335 p.) significantly reduces the effectiveness of high-explosive action. The absorbed energy is spent on work on the deformation and destruction of the body, as well as on the kinetic and internal energy of fragments generated during crushing of the body. Therefore, to increase the high-explosive action, it is necessary in some way to reduce the amount of absorbed energy by the OFBP case. To achieve this goal, various methods are possible, one of which is a method of controlled destruction of the body into fragments along previously weakened surfaces, for example, internal (external) mechanical (laser) trimming (notching) of the body, cutting with detonating cords (LH), etc.

A close technical solution is known (patent US 3971290 from 09/13/1974, B26F 1/26) for elongated fracture charges, in which a breaking charge (LH), having a circular cross section in cross-section, is placed on the material and used for its destruction (cutting).

Common features with the proposed OFBP are the presence of destructible body (material), fuse (detonator) and explosive charge (LH). This technical solution is not intended for causing high-explosive fragmentation damage to targets.

In another well-known technical solution (RU 2341760 dated 03/29/2006, F42 B 12/20), adopted as a prototype, an OFBP is proposed comprising a body, fuse, a main charge of a high-energy explosive with a low detonation velocity and an additional charge of a powerful explosive with a high speed detonation. On the lateral surface of the additional charge, cumulative recesses are made along its entire length, formed by radial rays with a beam thickness greater than the critical detonation diameter, while the main charge is located in the volume of cumulative recesses, and the number of cumulative recesses is N≥4. When the device is triggered in cumulative recesses, detonation of the main charge is excited in an overcompressed mode with the formation of Mach detonation waves and high-speed jets of detonation products (PD) flying into the air after the destruction of the body.

Common features with the proposed OFBP are the presence of a destructible body, fuse, primary and secondary charges with different detonation speeds.

The implementation of this technical solution leads to a number of advantages, however, with an increase in the thickness of the case, these advantages begin to level out. Indeed, in an OFBP with a thick and strong body (for example, a projectile), the destruction of the body when the detonation wave (DV) exits onto the inner surface of the body along the rays can be so prolonged that the pressure in the primary and secondary charges will have time to equalize, and then the high-speed air defense (main advantage) becomes problematic.

Disclosure of invention

The object of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of high-explosive action, achieved by accelerating the process of destruction of the casing until the front of the main charge reaches the internal surface of the casing.

This problem is solved by the fact that in the known technical device containing a housing, fuse, the main charge of a high-energy explosive with a low detonation speed and an additional charge of a powerful explosive with a high detonation speed, the additional charge is made in the form of elongated cord charges in an amount of N≥4, evenly placed on the inner surface of the PSU case along its axis, while the linear mass of cord charges is in the range (0.5 ... 2.0) ρ _d h ² , where ρ _d is the density of the additional charge, h is the thickness of the PSU case.

Cord charges (SH) can be made LH of rectangular cross section with a ratio of height to width H / b = 0.1 ... 0.5 and placed on the inner surface of the housing with its wide face.

In addition, an additional intermediate charge made of a high-sheen condensed explosive can be installed along the axis of the housing in the OFBP.

List of drawings

Figure 1 - cross section of the PSU;

Figure 2 - position of the fronts of shock waves from elongated SHZ at some point in time;

Figure 3 is a diagram explaining the process of destruction of the body after detonation of an elongated SC;

Figure 4 is an embodiment of a power supply unit with a rectangular section cross section and an additional intermediate charge on the axis.

The implementation of the invention

In the drawings, the numbers indicate:

1 - PSU case;

2 - the main explosive charge;

3 - additional explosive charge in the form of elongated SHZ;

4 - PD additional charge;

5 - knocked out part of the body;

6 - additional intermediate charge on the BP axis.

Implementation OFBP on the proposed technical solution (figure 1) allows you to realize the advantages inherent in the prototype, including for thick cases.

Indeed, in this case, the process of functioning of the OFBP according to the proposed technical solution is carried out as if in two stages.

At the first stage, the elongated SCs are detonated on the inner surface of the PSU case (Fig. 2) with the formation of shock waves in the array of the main explosive charge propagating to the symmetry axis of the PSU. The linear mass of the SHZ is selected from the condition of reliable destruction of the PSU case in the event of a contact explosion - (0.5 ... 2.0) ρ _d h ² , while the detonation of the cords should not cause the detonation of the main charge. Otherwise, if detonation of the main charge occurs, then the case of loading the body of the outgoing DW will be realized, in which the initial velocities of the outflow of the AP through the formed slits and throwing fragments will have significantly lower values than in the case of throwing the incident DW, as in the prototype.

The linear mass of the SHZ depends on their detonation parameters, thickness and strength characteristics of the PSU case material, density and sensitivity of the main charge. The theoretical analysis showed that in the real range of variation of these properties the linear mass of the SHZ, ensuring through penetration of the BP case with thickness h and, at the same time, not initiating detonation of the main charge, should lie in the range (0.5 ... 2.0) ρ _d h ² , and their number should be N≥4, as in the prototype.

When the shock wave moves to the BP symmetry axis, the parameters at the front begin to increase and reach large values at the moment of collapse on the symmetry axis, sufficient to initiate detonation of the main charge.

From this moment in time, the second stage of the PSU functioning begins. In this case, DWs with increased parameters at the front will propagate from the axis of symmetry in the opposite direction along the shock-compressed explosive of the main charge.

During the travel time of the shock wave to the axis and the backward movement of the DW to the inner surface of the body, the thick body will be destroyed by the mechanism of knocking out the plug (Fig. 3) and a slight outflow of the additional charge through the formed gaps. The main loading of the hull and its destruction into fragments will be ensured by the incident DW. At the same time, through the knocked openings in the housing, the jet expiration of high-speed flows of the PD of the main charge begins, as in the prototype.

SHZ can be made of rectangular cross section and placed on the PSU case with a wide facet (Fig. 4), and the ratio of height to width should satisfy the following ratio N / b = 0.1 ... 0.5.

In addition, for greater reliability of the initiation of the main charge in the case of relatively thin bodies, it is possible to perform an OFBP with an additional intermediate charge on the PS axis of symmetry (Fig. 4) from a high-sheen condensed explosive, the initiation of which occurs according to the above-described mechanism for the collapse of the shock wave or from a fuse.

The proposed OFBP works as follows.

At the command of the fuse, long elongated short-throwers are initiated. As a result of this, the formation of the shock wave in the main explosive charge and the explosive loading of the PSU case in places of contact with additional charges occur. The collapse of the shock wave on the axis of symmetry leads to the initiation of detonation of the main charge or to the initiation of an intermediate additional charge located on the axis of symmetry of the BP. Extra charge can also be triggered by a fuse. The resulting DW propagates from the axis of symmetry to the BP case, loads it, crushes and throws it at a high initial speed, and through the cracks in the case, knocked out by elongated SCs, there is a jet outflow of high-speed PD, which leads to an increase in the high-explosive action of the explosion.

Claims (3)

1. High-explosive explosive ordnance containing a shell, fuse, the main charge of a high-energy explosive with a low detonation speed and an additional charge of a powerful explosive with a high detonation speed, characterized in that the additional charge is made in the form of elongated cord charges in an amount of N≥4, evenly spaced on the inner surface of the munition housing along its axis, wherein the mass per unit length of the cord is in the range of charges (0,5 ... 2,0) ρ _d h ² where ρ _d - increment charge density Yes, h - the thickness of the munition body. 2. High-explosive fragmentation munition according to claim 1, characterized in that the elongated cord charges are made of rectangular cross section with a height to width ratio H / b = 0.1 ... 0.5 and are mounted on the inner surface of the shell with its wide face. 3. High-explosive fragmentation munition according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an additional intermediate charge made of a high-explosive condensed explosive along the axis of the casing.

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