RU2492404C1 - Method to mask armament and military equipment, civil and military objects with masking foam covers, station and devices of its design, and also solutions of foaming formulas for realisation of masking method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: method consists in preparation of the masked surface and subsequent application of masking foams on it, at the same time at least two layers of masking foams are applied onto the masked surface, besides, the lower layer is the masking foam that withstands multiple loads within relatively long-term operation, and it is shaped to provide least reflection of a radar wave from interface of two media "air - cover" or "upper layer - lower layer", and the upper layer is less dense masking foam, having a low ratio of reflection of the dropping electromagnetic wave at the interface of two media "air - cover". The station and devices within its design provide for application of layers of the masking cover from foam polyurethane, water-air foam and hardening foam, produced from proposed solutions of foaming formulas, with introduction of solid additives into these layers, in particular, elementary fibres of specified length in necessary amounts.

EFFECT: increased effect of armament and military equipment, civil and military objects hiding with masking foam covers due to additional masking of most informative de-masking criteria in these objects, which show in infrared and radar ranges of electromagnetic waves.

28 cl, 12 tbl, 9 ex, 49 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the field of camouflage, and more specifically to methods of camouflage weapons and military equipment (B and BT), civilian and military objects (G and BO) with masking foam coatings (MPP) and to the means of mechanization of camouflage work and work on the localization of emergency spills (PAW) of chemically hazardous substances (HOV), as well as to solutions of foaming formulations (POR), intended:

- to obtain MPP, providing increased secrecy of V and VT, G and VO in the visible, infrared (IR) and radar (RL) ranges of electromagnetic waves (EMW), including those that are safe for the operation of MPP infected with CWS;

- to obtain protective shields providing LAP HOV, including oil and fuel oil.

The claimed group of inventions can be used in the field of environmental protection and in the field of providing thermal insulation during field deployment of troops and in the construction of buildings and structures,

The claimed method of masking V and VT, G and VO with masking foam coatings, a modernized foam mobile station (station), a module for producing MPP from air-water (GDP) and hardening polymer (TPP) foams (KF module), an MPP generator and an input device carbon fiber (UVA) from the station, as well as POR solutions for receiving through the station MPP from CCI, including modified, GDP and polyurethane foams (PU) for the masking method are connected by a single inventive concept, which consists in increasing the effect of concealment of volume MPP objects due to additional masking at these objects of the most informative unmasking signs, which are manifested in the visible, infrared and radar ranges of EMW, with at least one additional layer of masking foam, including using safe masking foams infected with CWS, and also for LAP KhOV and for performing thermal insulation during field deployment of troops and the construction of buildings and structures.

A known method of applying a paint coating, including through a field painting station (PIC) "Camomile" / 1 /, selected as an analogue of the inventive method of masking, which consists in the fact that the masked surface is washed from dirt and oil products with a stream of water from a motor pump, marking, if necessary, the masked surface and the subsequent application of the paintwork by spraying it with a spray gun.

A disadvantage of the known masking method, chosen as an analogue of the claimed masking method, is that the paint coating helps to hide objects in the visible wavelength range and does not ensure their secrecy in the infrared and radar EMF ranges, which does not ensure the fulfillment of the task of the invention, namely, concealment the most heated areas and radar reflectors, the so-called "shiny points" of objects.

A known method of localization of oil stains / 2 /, selected as an analogue of the method proposed in the LAP HOV part, which consists in the fact that for the localization of oil stains, the surface of the coastline periodically covered by the breaking wave is covered with hardened polymer foam. Polymer foam is applied to the surface by means of generators or in the form of plates. The composition of the TPP, selected as an analogue, of the inventive POR solution for the production of MPP from the TPP is separately or jointly injected with an adsorbent and another filler with negative buoyancy. The adsorbent and other filler, separately or jointly, are introduced into the POR solution in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

urea-formaldehyde resin 25-50 surface-active substance 1-2 acid curing catalyst 1-10 adsorbent and / or other filler 0.5-25 water the rest is up to 100

After the collection of CWS from the surface of the water, the polymer foam is removed and disposed of together with the contaminants adhering to it and adsorbed onto it.

The disadvantages of the known method of localizing oil stains and the composition of the CCI, selected as analogues of the claimed method of masking and POR solution to obtain MPP from the CCI, are that the known composition:

- does not provide effective secrecy of B and VT, G and VO in the visible and radar EMF ranges;

- is applied to localize oil stains on the surface of the coastline periodically covered by the breaking wave in the hardened state in the form of plates, which is practically impossible to protect moving objects;

- is used in accordance with a known method to obtain an absorbent oil-absorbing insulating pad, which does not provide localization of the evaporation of HOW and does not ensure its safe operation in the presence of HOW.

A known method of masking MPP / 3, 4 / objects, including by means of a unit for generating GDP and TPP of a given color / 3 /, is selected as a prototype of the inventive masking method, namely, that the foam is applied to the surface of the masked object.

The disadvantages of the known method of masking objects MPP, selected as a prototype of the claimed method of masking, are that:

- polymer foam is applied to the surface of the masked object with a relatively uniform layer, which does not allow, in some cases, to reliably hide the most heated sections of the surface of the object;

- radar reflectors forming the so-called “shiny points” that do not lend themselves to reliable surface concealment.

Attempts to apply a thicker layer or a series of layers on the above surfaces are not justified, since:

- such layers of CCI based on urea-formaldehyde resin (KF) / 3 / on inclined surfaces, on surfaces with a negative angle of inclination, and especially on moving objects, are destroyed by insignificant exposure to wind and vibration during operation of camouflage objects;

- in the case of the use of denser foams, for example PU / 4 /, the reflection coefficient at the section of the two air-coating media is significantly increased, which is especially manifested after painting the surface of MPP from PU with decorative paints or enamels.

In addition, it is not possible to use MPP from PU, for example, selected as an analog of the claimed POR solution to obtain MPP from PU / 5 /, without surface staining, since unpainted foams have a color that is not characteristic of natural formations, but colored in bulk with dyes do not match the color of natural formations. At the same time, the desired masking effect in the radar range of the EMW cannot be achieved due to the low attenuation coefficient of the radar wave in the PU layer - analogue / 5 /.

In addition, when forming MPP from CCI based on CF resins / 3 /, a thin film is formed on the coating surface, which increases the reflection coefficient of the X-ray wave and contributes to the formation of glare in the visible, IR and X-ray EMF ranges, which necessitated an increase in the efficiency of the claimed masking method by modification of MPP from CCI with a layer of modifying foam (MP) from the developed solution of the modifying formulation (MR).

Known field painting station (PIC "Camomile"), selected as an analogue of the claimed station, made in the body - a van of a moving object (GAZ-66 car) and containing at least one compressor unit at the input connected by an electric cable to the electric unit, and at the exit through rubber pneumatic hoses with pneumatic spray guns / 1 /. The power unit, in addition, is connected by electric cables to the paint mixer and to the motor pump used for the preparation (washing under pressure) of masked surfaces. In this case, water, in accordance with the guidelines / 1 /, is taken from an open reservoir.

A disadvantage of the well-known PIC "Camomile", selected as an analogue of the inventive station, is that:

- it is intended for camouflage of V and VT and G and VO with paint and varnish coatings, providing secrecy of masking objects mainly in the visible and limited in the infrared ranges of EMW;

- the station is used by the troops during the period of seasonal painting of V and VT and G and VO, as well as during the preparation for hostilities if the color of the paintwork on moving objects does not match the background of the territory of the upcoming hostilities, which determines a low percentage of its applicability during the term of operation. Thus, in the context of a reduction in the RF Armed Forces, it is not rational to maintain a station’s periodically involved specially trained calculation (driver, commander, and at least one operator) for its intended purpose.

Known mobile universal foam station (SPPU) / 4 /, designed for applying paint and varnish coatings and MPP from PU and selected as a prototype of the claimed station. SPPU is made on a moving object (KP-2 car van on the chassis of the SMZ-8325-01 trailer) and contains as a component a universal polyurethane foam application unit connected at the inlet by a pneumatic channel with a compressor unit and liquid channels with containers for POR solution, and at the outlet connected by flexible sleeves with a pneumatic spray gun. In this case, the compressor installation at the inlet is connected by an electric cable to the electric unit, and at the outlet, by rubber pneumatic hoses, with a pneumatic spray gun and with a pneumatic spray gun. In addition, the electric unit is connected by electric cables to the electric pump units and to a hose washing unit connected by rubber sleeves at the inlet to the water tank and at the outlet with a hydraulic spray gun. In the course of the work, the capacity of the autofilling station (ARS) used as a SPPU autotractor is used as a water tank. The containers for the components, during the operation of the SPPU, are filled from the delivery containers by means of electric pumping units connected with these containers, ringed and equipped with ball valves with liquid channels, providing, in addition, the possibility of mixing the solutions in the containers by circulation. Obtaining MPP from PU effective in the RL range of EMW lengths is ensured by introducing POR solution of carbon fiber material (UVM) into components “A” and “B”.

A disadvantage of the known mobile universal foam station (SPPU), selected as a prototype of the claimed station, is:

- in unstable operation of the pneumatic spray gun associated with frequent stops due to clogging of the nozzle of the gun with fibers. In addition, the possible concentration of the HCM mixture and the length of the dipoles of fibrous material in components A and B are limited due to the same blockages (blockages), which does not allow to obtain MPP with the necessary characteristics in the radar EMF range. At the same time, an industrial unit developed for spraying polyurethane foam from filtered solutions is used as an integral part of SPPU;

- the installation is used in the troops during combat training and during hostilities, which determines the low percentage of its applicability in peacetime. Thus, in the context of the reduction of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, it is not rational to keep a specially trained calculation (commander and at least one operator, periodically involved only for receiving the MPP from the control center (PPU), and when it is placed on a moving object).

A known device for generating GDP and TPP / 6 /, selected as an analogue of the claimed module for receiving MPP from GDP and TPP from the claimed station, containing two sealed containers with a siphon tube and a barbator, respectively, which are connected through a distributor to a source compressed air and an ejector-mixer, connected in series with a gas-liquid sleeve and a hose. The body of rotation contains a body of revolution equipped with a combination of channels made in various planes passing through the axis of rotation.

The technical solution of the container for solid additives from the composition of the device / 6 / is selected as an analogue of the claimed carbon fiber input device (UVU) from the station. The tank for solid additives is equipped with a bubbler connected by a blocked gas channel with a gas sampling device and a gas-liquid channel connecting its upper part with an ejector-mixer. In this case, the container is filled with a POR solution with a pre-cut UVM introduced into it.

The ejector-mixer from the composition of the device / 6 /, selected as a prototype of the claimed MPP generator from the station module, is made in the form of a pipe having two channels connected to the containers. One end of the mixer is docked with a gas-liquid sleeve, and the other, having a sharply reduced inner diameter of the nozzle, with a gas sampling device. In the known device, the ejector-mixer can also be made in the form of a diffuser, coupled with a gas sampling device and a gas-liquid sleeve.

A known installation for generating MPP from runway and CCI (foam generator) of a given color / 3 /, selected as a prototype of the claimed module for receiving MPP from GDP and CCI, containing at least one container (tank) in series, hermetically connected by channels, a mixer and a foaming sleeve (foam hose) with a hose. Moreover, the mixer and each container (tank) are connected to a source of compressed air, in particular, by means of at least two gearboxes and a set of valves and air channels. As a tank (tank), a tank (tank) equipped with a siphon and / or a tank (tank) equipped with a bubbler is used. The siphon of the tank (tank) is connected through a channel with a mixer connected to a foaming sleeve equipped with a hose.

The technical solution of the tank (tank) equipped with a bubbler from the installation / 3 / is selected as a prototype of the claimed carbon fiber input device (UVU) from the station module. In this case, the container is filled with a POR solution with a pre-cut UVM introduced into it. A barbator located at the bottom of the tank is connected to a source of compressed air, and the upper cavity of the tank through the channel is connected to a mixer paired with a foaming sleeve equipped with a hose.

The mixer from the unit / 3 /, selected as a prototype of the claimed MPP generator from the station module, contains a tee with an inlet channel fitting for foam from a tank or a foaming tube and an outlet channel fitting for connecting a foaming sleeve, and also hermetically mated to a free tee channel a crosspiece with fittings for connecting fluid channels from tanks and, in addition, a fitting for connecting an air channel from a source of compressed air. In this case, the outlet channel fitting for connecting the foam-forming sleeve and the fitting for connecting the air inlet channel from the compressed air source are located along the axis of the mixer, and the places for connecting the liquid channels from the tanks with siphons are located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the mixer.

The disadvantages of the device for generating GDP and CCI, the capacity for solid additives and the mixer-ejector from the device / 6 /, as well as the installation for generating the MPP from the runway and the CCI (foam generator) of a given color / 3 /, the bubble tank and mixer, included in the composition of the installation / 3 /, selected as prototypes of the declared module for receiving MPP from GDP and CCI, HCI and the MPP generator from the composition of the declared station, is that:

- they contain equipment designed to generate MPP from GDP and CCI, ensuring the secrecy of V and VT and G and VO in the visible, infrared and radar EMF ranges. At the same time, the introduction of pre-chopped UVM into the POR solution and the use of a tank (vessel) equipped with a bubbler does not fully ensure the specified filling of the MPP with radar additives in the form of UVM fibers. Hence, difficulties arise in ensuring the camouflage effect of V and VT and G and VO from reconnaissance equipment and weapon guidance systems in the decimeter range of electromagnetic waves when they are used in high ambient temperatures;

- known mixers (ejectors-mixers) are clogged periodically, even with minor violations of operating modes, which leads to delays in the generation of MPP from the CCI in combat use;

- the technical solution of the installation for generating MPP from runway and CCI (mixer) of a given color does not provide simultaneous connection (use) of the pre-foaming unit and the tank equipped with a bubbler;

- technical solutions of the known device and installation are intended for use as individual means of camouflage of moving objects, and their use as a group means of mechanization of camouflage work in conjunction with filling stations is not possible;

- the well-known device and installation are used in the troops during the preparation period and during military operations and exercises, which makes up a low percentage of their applicability in peacetime. Thus, in the context of a reduction in the RF Armed Forces, it is not rational to maintain a specially trained calculation (a commander and at least one operator, periodically involved in the designation of a moving object, and even a driver).

Known solution based on PU / 5 /, selected as an analogue of the inventive POR solution based on PU, including components "A" and "B" in a ratio of 1: (0.93 ... 1.7) parts by weight (most often used 1: one). Component "B", as a rule, is a single product - polyisocyanate, used most often in the form in which it is supplied. Component “A” for all grades of PU is a mixture of the original polyester or mixture of polyesters with the required amount of catalysts, emulsifiers, blowing agents and extinguishing agents. This mixture can be prepared at the place of use and in an industrial environment in the form of a finished product - component “A” for a particular brand of PU.

A disadvantage of the known solution selected as an analogue of the inventive PU based POR solution is that the attenuation coefficient of the EMR of the RL range when passing through the PU layer is insignificant, which does not provide the necessary masking effect of B and BT, G and BO from RL reconnaissance equipment.

A known POR solution, selected as a prototype of the claimed POR solution to obtain MPP from PU / 4 /, containing, weight. parts:

- component “A”, including the SK-Rialon component system: 1) polyol (polyester reagent A2-realon) 8 2) activator (cremin) one - component "B" - polyisocyanate 9

in addition, components “A” and “B” contain carbon fiber of the “Uglen-9” brand with a length of elementary fiber in the range of 4-5 mm at 0.0625 ... 0.1625 weight parts, depending on the ambient temperature.

A disadvantage of the known POR solutions selected as an analogue and prototype of the inventive POR solution for producing MPP from PU is that the MPP from PU is saturated with carbon fiber depending on the viscosity of the components of the POR solution. At the same time, even under favorable viscosity conditions, satisfactory filling of the MPM UVM does not occur. Thus, in many conditions of combat use, an unsatisfactory camouflage effect of B and BT, G and VO from reconnaissance systems and enemy weapon guidance systems in the EM radar range can be expected.

A known POR solution for building material / 7 /, selected as an analog of the claimed POR solution for producing MPP from CCI, including,% wt .: urea-formaldehyde resin - 25 ... 50, surfactant - 1 ... 5, acidic curing catalyst - 1 ... 10, Portland cement - 0.5 ... 11, water - the rest is up to 100.

Known foaming solution for thermal insulation / 8 /, selected as a prototype of the claimed POR solution to obtain MPP from CCI, including,% mass .: urea-formaldehyde resin - 25 ... 50, anionic surfactant - 1.0 ... 5.0, acidic curing catalyst - 1.0 ... 5.0, expanded perlite sand or porous slag sand - 0.5 ... 10.0, water - the rest.

The disadvantages of the known POR solutions, selected as an analogue and prototype of the claimed POR solution for the production of MPP from CCI, are that building and heat-insulating materials obtained from these solutions:

- do not provide the secrecy of V and VT, G and VO in the visible and radar EMF ranges. Despite the fact that these materials have heat-insulating properties;

- have ingredients that increase the strength of the material obtained, but do not have a significant impact on the achievement of the effect of secrecy B and BT and G and BO. At the same time, the mass of material negatively affects the possibility of its use for camouflage of moving objects (IWT);

- a film can form on the surface of these materials, which increases the coefficient of back reflection of electromagnetic waves of the visible, IR and X-ray ranges and, accordingly, reduces the masking efficiency of the MPP from CCI.

Analogues of the MR solution used to exclude a film on the MPP surface from the CCI film that increases the back reflection coefficient of the electromagnetic field of the visible, IR and X-ray ranges were not detected.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the visibility of V and BT, G and VO by camouflage foam coatings by increasing the effect of secrecy on them of the most informative unmasking signs, which are manifested in the visible, IR and RL ranges of EMW, by at least one additional layer of masking foam, with the possibility of the safe use of the MPP in the conditions of the LAP KhOV, as well as with the possibility of parallel use for performing insulation work in the field deployment of troops and in the erection of buildings and structures.

This problem is achieved by the fact that in the method of masking weapons and military equipment, civilian and military targets with masking foam coatings, which consists in preparing a maskable surface and then applying masking foams to it, additionally:

- firstly, at least two layers of masking foams are applied to the masked surface, and masking foam that withstands multiple loads over a relatively long period of use is used as the lower layer, giving it a shape that provides the least return reflection of the radar wave from the section two media “air - coating” or “upper layer - lower layer”, and a less dense masking foam having a low reflectance of the incident electromagnetic wave is used as the upper layer s on two section "air - coating" media;

- secondly, a layer of masking foam that can withstand multiple loads, mainly applied to the most heated surfaces, including special frames, spaced from these surfaces at some distance, forming a heat shield, and / or applied to surfaces forming radar reflectors - “brilliant points”, filling them as much as possible and, inter alia, after giving the layer of masking foam a shape that helps to reflect the incident radar wave away from reconnaissance equipment, reducing or eliminating the effect of t of “shiny point”, and the top layer of masking foam is usually applied to the entire masked surface and, if possible, to part of the background surface, in accordance with the spots of the natural background, including taking into account the filling density of the coating with masking foam;

- thirdly, a modifying layer of collapsing foam is applied to the surface of the upper layer of the masking foam coating, preventing the formation of a film on its surface, in particular, the surface modification of the masking foam coating from hardening polymer foam is carried out with a modifying foam obtained from a solution of a modifying formulation containing up to 2 % of the mass. surfactant and water - the rest is up to 100% of the mass .;

fourthly, radar additives in the form of carbon fiber segments are introduced into the solution of the foaming formulation or into the foaming sleeve, or into the spray stream of the solution of the foaming formulation generated or applied by the masking foam coating, providing the necessary effect of attenuating the incident electromagnetic wave in accordance with the calculated or experimentally obtained data on fiber consumption per unit area of the coating for a given layer thickness of this coating, in particular in masking foam coating ytie thickness of 2 ... 6 cm is introduced to 15 g / m ² chopped carbon fiber, in particular brands CDF-19SB and / or Uglen-9 and / or Uvis-ZH22, per square meter of coating, the length of the filament segments 10 mm and / or 16 mm;

fifthly, a layer of foam localizing the evaporation of hazardous substances into the atmosphere is applied to the surface of a chemically hazardous substance or to a surface contaminated with this substance;

- sixth, the lower layer of masking foam is painted over the surface with personnel masking paints or enamels, and the upper layer is painted in the volume of masking foam by introducing dyes or pigments into the solution of the foaming formulation;

seventh, the volume of the solution of the foaming formulation of V _pores , l, or its component V _ki , l, necessary for applying a layer of masking foam coating with a thickness of h, m, on a masked surface with an area of S, m ² , and a mass of Q, g, carbon the fiber introduced into the masking foam coating layer with an area of S, m ² , as well as the speed υ _w , m / s, feeding the carbon fiber tow to the cutting device by the fiber input device during the application of the masking foam coating from the foaming formulation with a volume of V _pore , l, determine according to the formulas:

$$V_{P\mathrm{about}R}=(1000Sh{P}_s)/\beta ;(\mathrm{one})$$

$$V_{\mathrm{to}i}=(1000Sh{k}_i{\rho }_{P\mathrm{about}R}{P}_s)/\beta {\rho }_{\mathrm{to}i};(2)$$

$$Q=S{q}_S=V_{P\mathrm{about}R}\beta q_S/(1000h{P}_s);(3)$$

$${\upsilon }_{\mathrm{well}}=Q/(q_{\mathrm{well}}{t}_v),(\mathrm{four})$$

where V and V _{pore Ki} - volumes of solution foamable formulation and its i-th component necessary for obtaining a layer thickness h of the foam coverage area at a density S n _of the coating can fill in the foam, L;

Q is the mass of carbon fiber introduced into the coating area S at a specific consumption q _{S of} carbon fiber, g;

υ _f - the feed rate of the carbon fiber tow to the cutting to ensure its specific consumption q _S for the time t _{v of} developing the volume V _{pore of the} solution of the foaming formulation, m / s;

1000 - conversion factor;

S is the area of the masking foam coating, m ² ;

h is the thickness of the layer of masking foam coating, m;

P _s = S / S _s - filling density of the coating with foam, provided that 0 <P _s ≤1, where for a coating that does not have transparency, P _s = 1, units;

S _z - a component of the coating area S filled with foam, m ² ;

ρ is the multiplicity of masking foam, units;

k _i is the content of the i-th component in the solution (% wt./100%)

;provided that 0 <k _i ≤1, where $${\displaystyle \sum _{\mathrm{one}}^n{k}_i}=\mathrm{one,}ed$$

;

n is the number of 1 components in solution, units;

ρ _then and ρ _Ki - the density of the solution and its 1st component, kg / m ³ ;

q _S is the specific consumption of carbon fiber per unit area S of the masking foam coating, g / m ² ;

q _W - the mass of one linear meter of a bundle of carbon fiber, g / m;

t _v is the production time of the volume V _pore of the formulation solution, s;

- eighth, the carbon fiber is cut from a bundle and fed into a foaming sleeve or to spray a solution of a foaming formulation in a stream of compressed air;

- ninth, contaminated masking foam is removed and disposed of with chemically hazardous substances.

This problem is also achieved by the fact that the mobile foam station is modernized, made on the chassis and containing a module for producing masking foam coatings made of polyurethane foam, including a polyurethane foam spraying unit, containers for components of the foaming formulation solution, a pneumatic spray gun, a pneumatic spray gun and a hose washing machine with with a hydraulic gun, while the installation of applying polyurethane foam at the inlet is coupled with liquid channels, including ball taps with containers for the components of the solution of the foaming formulation, and at the outlet it is connected by flexible hoses with a pneumatic spray gun, the compressor unit at the inlet connected by an electric cable to the electric unit, and at the outlet, by means of a pneumatic channel including a gearbox, ball valves and rubber-rubber pneumatic hoses, with pneumatic spray gun and pneumatic spray gun, in addition, the electrical unit is connected by electric cables to electric pump units connected to containers for Component foamable formulation solution, looped liquid channels equipped with ball valves, and the installation of the washing hose connected to the inlet rubber sleeves to the water tank and at the outlet with a hydraulic gun:

- firstly, it is additionally equipped with:

1) a module for producing masking foam coatings from water-air and hardening polymer foams, coupled at the entrance with at least one pneumatic channel with a gearbox and ball valve, with a compressor unit, as well as through four extension adapters included in the module , with four systems combining liquid channels, valves, pumps and tanks of filling stations;

2) a nozzle mounted on the nozzle of a pneumatic spray gun of a polyurethane foam application unit;

3) a carbon fiber input device connected at the input by an electric cable with an electric unit and a pneumatic channel, including a ball valve and a reducer, with a compressor unit, and at the output by pneumatic channels with a nozzle mounted on a module’s pneumatic spray gun for masking foam coatings from polyurethane foam and / or, with at least one adapter extension cable for the generator of masking foam coatings of the module for producing masking foam coatings from water-air and hardening polymer foams;

- secondly, the washing installation from its composition is additionally equipped with a high pressure hose articulated with a nozzle equipped with jet nozzles located at an angle to the axial line of articulation of the nozzle and the high pressure hose and directed towards this joint, and, in particular, secant nozzle directed in the opposite direction from the articulation;

- thirdly, it is additionally equipped with a reactor-mixer, connected by a liquid channel equipped with a ball valve, with an electric pump unit, which is connected by a tee to a liquid channel equipped with ball valves and a check valve, or with a component supply hose from a polyurethane foam spraying unit to an air gun - a spray, or with a liquid channel for supplying the component from the tank to the installation of applying polyurethane foam;

- fourthly, the reactor - mixer contains:

1) a container equipped with fittings for introducing component “B” of the solution of the foaming formulation and its return if the pressure in the liquid channel is unacceptably excessive, fittings for removing the component and sludge discharge located in the bottom of the container, thermal insulation and an external heating system, in particular, containing at least one tape electric heater mounted on the tank;

2) a rotary multisection mixer driven by an electric motor, made on a hermetically sealed container lid and containing, in particular, a shaft with blades located in the vessel, the upper end of which is connected through a bearing strut and a coupling to the shaft of the gear motor;

3) a control panel for the heating temperature of the component and the speed of the mixer, interconnected by an electric circuit with an electric heater and an electric motor of a gear motor.

This problem is also achieved by the fact that the module for producing masking foam coatings from water-air and hardening foams, containing a container, a pre-foaming unit, a foaming sleeve and a hose:

- firstly, it additionally contains a communication node and a set of masking foam generators large and at least one set of low productivity, and each set of generators consists of at least a masking foam coating generator and pre-foaming unit, each generator masking foam coatings are sequentially coupled at the outlet with an extension adapter, a foaming sleeve and a hose, and at the entrance it is paired with air and two liquid channels about the communication node and the air-liquid channel with pre-foaming blocks, while the communication node contains:

1) the system of air channels, which at the inlet through the air channel, including the valve and the gearbox, is interfaced with the receiver of the compressor unit, and at the outlet through the separate air channels, including ball valves, is coupled to each generator of masking foam coatings and to each pre-foaming unit;

2) a system of liquid channels, which is connected at the inlet to an inlet pipe equipped with a ball valve, a filter and an extension adapter, which provides the connection of a liquid channel for the forced supply of a urea-formaldehyde resin solution, and at the outlet with separate liquid channels of the system, including ball valves, with each of the generators masking foam coatings;

3) at least one system of fluid channels, which is connected at the inlet to an inlet pipe equipped with a ball valve, a filter and an extension adapter, which provides the connection of a liquid channel for the forced supply of a component of the solution of the foaming formulation to obtain a masking foam coating from a hardening polymer foam or solution a modifying formulation, or a solution of a foaming formulation to obtain a masking foam coating from water-air foam, and at the exit with separate liquid system shafts, including ball valves, with each of the pre-foaming units;

4) a system of liquid channels at the inlet conjugated by a liquid channel equipped with a ball valve and a non-return valve, with an electric pump dosed supply of dyes, which liquid channel equipped with a ball valve is coupled to a container for dyes, and at the output is coupled to separate liquid channels equipped with ball valves taps with each of the generators of masking foam coatings;

5) a system of liquid channels, coupled at the inlet with an inlet pipe equipped with a ball valve, a filter and an extension adapter, which connects the liquid channel of the forced water supply, and at the outlet through ball valves connected to each of the above-mentioned systems of liquid channels between the ball valves, located at the inlet and outlet of these systems;

- secondly, the pre-foaming unit consists of a sealed and sequentially tightly interconnected nozzle for introducing an aqueous solution of a foaming agent and a curing catalyst or modifying solution, a throttle and a housing, while the housing contains a fitting for introducing compressed air and an outlet fitting connected by an air-liquid channel with a generator of masking foam coatings, and the expansion chamber of the housing is equipped with a multilayer mesh or coiled wire, through an opening in the throttle nene with the cavity of the input fitting of the component of the foaming formulation to obtain a masking foam coating from a hardening polymer foam, or a solution of a foaming formulation to obtain a masking foam coating from a water-air foam, or a solution of a modifying formulation;

- thirdly, additionally contains at least one bubbler tank, while the tank bubbler is connected to the compressor unit by an air channel containing a gearbox, valves and ball valves, and the upper and / or lower part of the tank is connected by at least one channel equipped with a comb-distributor with ball valves, with each of the nozzles of the necks of the generator masking foam coatings.

This problem is also achieved by the fact that the generator masking foam coatings containing a housing equipped with fittings for the input components of the foaming formulation:

- firstly, it consists of hermetic and in series hermetically connected to each other a carbamide-formaldehyde resin inlet fitting equipped with a union nut, a carbamide-formaldehyde resin throttle, a plug with a tube fixed in it, a tee, a middle body and a neck, while:

1) the neck pipe on the outlet side is equipped with a connection element with an extension adapter and a foaming sleeve, and on the inlet side the neck pipe is paired with the middle body, and the diameters of the cavities of the neck pipe and the middle body are equal;

2) the middle body is equipped with a nozzle for introducing a dye solution and a nozzle for introducing a foamed solution from the pre-foaming unit, the cavity of the middle body being isolated from the cavity of the tee;

3) the tee is equipped with a fitting for introducing compressed air into the cavity of the tee and a tube fixed in the hole at the outlet of the tee cavity, the tee tube being inserted into the cavities of the middle body and the neck pipe along their longitudinal axis, and the free section of the tee tube is perpendicular to it the longitudinal axis of the plane cutting the hole of the nozzle of the solution inlet made on the neck;

4) the plug pipe is threaded through the cavities of the tee and the middle case and inserted into the cavity of the pipe fixed in the tee, the free cut of the plug pipe being located at the level of the first quarter of the neck pipe from the side of its connection with the middle case, and from the opposite side the plug pipe is connected to the cavity a fitting for introducing a resin solution through an opening in the throttle;

- secondly, further comprises an extension adapter, in particular equipped with a fitting.

This problem is also achieved by the fact that the carbon fiber input device containing a sealed container:

- firstly, it additionally contains a chopping unit with a drive, while inside the sealed housing of the chopping unit there is a driving drum coupled to the drive and equipped with knives, and a driven drum made of elastic material, to which a carbon fiber bundle is inserted by means of a pressure roller through a channel from an airtight container, inside of which there is a platform with a carbon fiber spool and a guide for the supplied carbon fiber tow, moreover, an air channel is made in the body of the cutting unit, equipped with a ball valve and soy molded by means of a reducer with the receiver of the compressor unit, and on the opposite side, an air channel is made in the cabin of the felling unit, connected to the nozzle of a pneumatic spray gun of the polyurethane foam application unit and at least one adapter extension of the generator of masking foam coatings of the module to produce masking foam coatings from water-air and hardening polymer foams;

- secondly, the nozzle mounted on the nozzle of the pneumatic spray gun of the polyurethane foam spraying installation comprises a cylindrical body with an insert fixed in its front base and made on the opposite base of the attachment unit to the pneumatic spray gun, while the carbon fiber radar additives inlet fitting in the air stream is located at an angle to the axis of the cylindrical body, and the insert has a conical hole, the top of the cone of which is located in a plane close to cutting edge of the nozzle of the spray gun;

- thirdly, an electric motor or a pneumatic actuator was used as the drive of the cutting unit, while the electric motor is equipped with a gearbox and a control panel containing a biscuit switch and connected by an electric cable to the electric unit, and the pneumatic actuator is connected to the receiver of the compressor unit via two pneumatic channels, a tee, and a ball valve and a reducer, moreover, one of the pneumatic channels is equipped with a ball valve, and the second pneumatic channel is equipped with a ball valve and an electromagnetic valve.

This problem is also achieved by the fact that the solution of the foaming formulation to obtain a masking foam coating of polyurethane foam, including,% wt .:

- component "A", containing a system of components SK-Rialon: 1) polyol (polyester reagent A2-realon) 44,4 2) activator (cremin) 5,6 - component "B" - polyisocyanate fifty

as a filler it contains up to 15 g of carbon fiber per square meter of the resulting masking foam coating with a thickness of 2 ... 4 cm with a length of segments of elementary fibers of 10 mm and / or 16 mm.

This problem is also achieved by the fact that the solution of the foaming formulation to obtain a masking foam coating of a hardening polymer foam, including,% wt .: urea-formaldehyde resin - 20 ... 50, surfactant - 1 ... 5, curing catalyst - 1 ... 5, filler and water - the rest is up to 100:

- firstly, as a filler it contains up to 15 g of carbon fiber per square meter of the resulting masking foam coating with a thickness of 2 ... 6 cm with a length of segments of elementary fibers of 10 mm and / or 16 mm;

- secondly, it additionally contains degassing and deactivating additives, in particular the sodium salt of dichloroisocyanic acid - 0.5 ... 0.6% of the mass .;

- thirdly, it additionally contains: or dyes of the grades: yellow M is coveted, black M is coveled, dark brown cobalan and acid bright blue anthraquinone; or acid dyes of brands: dye yellow 2K, dye black, dye brown KM, dye blue K, in the following ratio,% of the mass. dye to the volume of the foaming solution when staining a camouflage foam coating:

1) in dark green color:

or 1) yellow M 0.32 2) sovelanny black M 0.14 3) acid bright blue anthraquinone 0.02 or 1) dye yellow 2K 0.14 2) dye black 0.05 3) dye brown KM 0.13 4) dye blue K 0.08

2) in gray-brown color:

1) yellow M 0.16 2) sovelanny black M 0.15 3) is made dark brown 0.26 4) acid bright blue anthraquinone 0.04 or 1) dye yellow 2K 0.05 2) dye black 0.01 3) dye brown KM 0.32 4) dye blue K 0.02

This problem is also achieved by the fact that the solution of the modifying formulation contains a surfactant - up to 2% of the mass. and water - the rest is up to 100% of the mass.

This problem is also achieved by the fact that the solution of the foaming formulation to obtain a masking foam coating of water-air foam, including a surfactant - 1 ... 5% wt., Filler and water - the rest is up to 100% mass .:

- firstly, it, as a filler, contains up to 15 g of carbon fiber per square meter of the resulting masking foam coating with a thickness of 2 ... 4 cm with a length of segments of elementary fibers of 10 mm and / or 16 mm, and / or a foam stabilizer, in particular % wt .:

- or urea-formaldehyde resin up to 5 - or hydroxyethyl cellulose 1 ... 2 - or polyvinyl alcohol 1 ... 2

- secondly, it additionally contains up to 2% of the mass. dry powder of hydrophilic dye, in particular, to obtain a coating painted in the volume of foam under a sandy background, the foaming solution contains 0.05 ... 0.2% of the mass. chrysoidine, and under the background of a lively plant - mixture, with a ratio of dry powder,% wt .: chrysoidine - 0.05 ... 0.6, methylene blue dye - 0.05 ... 0.2.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed method of masking weapons and military equipment, civilian and military objects with masking foam coatings, which consists in preparing a maskable surface and then applying masking foams on it, differs from the prototype in that:

- Firstly,

1) at least two layers of masking foams are applied to the masked surface;

2) masking foam that withstands multiple loads over a relatively long period of use is used as the lower layer;

3) the bottom foam layer is shaped to provide the least back reflection of the radar EMF range from the separation of the two media “air - coating” or “upper layer - lower layer”;

4) a less dense masking foam is used as the top layer;

5) uses a masking foam as a top layer, which has a low reflection coefficient of the incident electromagnetic wave at the section of the two air-coating media;

- Secondly,

1) a layer of masking foam that can withstand multiple loads, mainly applied to the most heated surfaces and / or on special frames, spaced from these surfaces at a certain distance, forming a heat shield;

2) a layer of masking foam that can withstand repeated loads is applied to the surfaces forming radar reflectors - “shiny points”;

3) when applying masking foam to the radar reflectors - “shiny points”, if possible, fill the space forming the radar reflector;

4) the masking foam layer is shaped to facilitate reflection of the incident X-ray wave away from the reconnaissance means and to reduce or eliminate the “brilliant dot” effect;

5) the top layer of masking foam, as a rule, is applied to the entire masked surface;

6) if possible (for example, on G and VO or with a stationary location of B and VT in areas and positions), a layer of masking foam used to apply the upper layer of foam is applied to part of the background surface, in accordance with the spots of the natural background;

7) when applying a layer of masking foam to the surface of the background, the MPP may have transparency due to a change in the filling density of the coating with masking foam;

- third,

1) a modifying layer of collapsing foam is applied to the surface of the upper layer of MPP, which prevents the formation of a film on its surface;

2) in particular, the surface modification of the camouflage foam coating from the CCI is carried out by a modifying foam obtained from a solution of a modifying formulation containing up to 2% of the mass. surfactant and water - the rest is up to 100% wt .;

- fourthly,

1) RL additives in the form of UVM segments are introduced into the POR solution or into the foam-forming sleeve, or into the spray of the POR solution generated or applied by MPP, providing the necessary effect of attenuating the incident electromagnetic wave in accordance with calculated or experimentally obtained data on fiber consumption per unit area of coverage at a given layer thickness of this coating;

2) in particular, in MPP with a thickness of 2 ... 6 cm, up to 15 g / m ^{2 of} chopped UVM for each square meter of coating is introduced, with a length of segments of elementary fibers of 10 mm and / or 16 mm;

3) in particular, in the MPP enter UVM brands VPR-19SB and / or Uglen-9, and / or Uvis-Zh22;

- fifthly, a layer of foam is applied to the surface of the HOV, localizing the evaporation of hazardous substances into the atmosphere;

- At sixth,

1) the lower layer of masking foam is painted on the surface with personnel masking paints or enamels;

2) the top layer of masking foam is painted in its volume by introducing dyes or pigments into the POR solution;

- seventh:

1) the volumes of the POR solution V _pore , l, or its component V _ki , l, necessary for applying an MPP layer of thickness h, m, on a masked surface with an area of S, m ² , is determined by formulas (1) and (2) developed by the inventors . In this case, the multiplicity of β, u, masking foam in the MPP and the filling density P _s , u, coating with masking foam are taken into account and, in addition, the density of the solution is ρ _pores , kg / m ³ and its ith component ρ _кi , kg / m ³ . The developed formulas are universal and can be used in the calculations of not only the POR solutions considered in this application;

2) the mass of Q, g, UVM introduced into the MPP layer with an area of S, m ² , at a specific consumption of q _S , g / m ² , of segments of elementary fibers of the UVM, taking into account the multiplicity β, units, and the thickness of the layer h, m, of the masking foam in this MPP, is determined by the formula (3) developed by the inventors. This formula (3) makes it possible to determine a specific amount (mass Q, g) of HCM introduced into a specific volume of V _pores , l of POR solution, from which MPP with an area of S, m ² , with a multiplicity of β, units, and foam layer thickness should be obtained h, m, taking into account the specific consumption q _S , g / m ² , UVM per unit area of the MPP;

3) the speed υ _f , m / s, the supply of the UVM tow to cutting by the fiber input device (UVF) during the application of MPP from the POR solution with a volume of V _pores ; l, determined by the formula developed by the inventors of the invention (4). This formula (4) clearly shows the dependence of the feed speed of the bundle on the mass q _w , g / m running meter of the bundle of HCM at a given flow rate (mass Q, g) of the HCM and the production time of the volume V _pore , l, POR solution;

- eighth, the UVM is cut from a bundle and fed into a foaming sleeve or into the spray of a POR solution in a stream of compressed air;

- ninth, contaminated masking foam is removed and disposed of with HOB.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the mobile foam station is modernized, located on the chassis and containing a module for receiving MPP from PU (PU module), including a PU spraying unit, containers for POR solution components, an air gun, a pneumatic spray gun and a hose washing system with a hydraulic gun, while the installation of applying PU at the inlet is interfaced with liquid channels, including ball valves, with capacities for the components of the POR solution, and at the outlet it is wife with flexible sleeves with a pneumatic spray gun, and the compressor installation at the inlet is interfaced with an electric cable to the electric unit, and at the output through a pneumatic channel including a gearbox, ball valves and rubber-fabric pneumatic hoses with a pneumatic spray gun and / or with a pneumatic spray gun, in addition, the electric unit is electric connected to electric pump assemblies associated with containers for POR solution components, looped liquid channels and equipped with ball faucets, as well as with the installation of a hose hose connected at the inlet with rubber sleeves with a water tank and at the outlet with a hydraulic gun, differs from the prototype in that:

- firstly, it is additionally equipped with:

1) a module for producing masking foam coatings from GDP and CCI (KF module), and:

a) the CF module is coupled at the inlet with at least one pneumatic channel, a gearbox and a ball valve with a compressor unit;

b) the KF module at the inlet is also interfaced through four extension adapters, which are part of the module, with four systems combining liquid channels, valves, pumps and tanks of filling stations;

2) a nozzle mounted on the nozzle of a pneumatic spray gun of a PU application unit;

3) carbon fiber input device, wherein:

a) UVU is connected at the input by an electric cable with an electric unit and a pneumatic channel, including a ball valve and a gearbox with a compressor unit;

b) the UVU is connected at the outlet by a pneumatic channel with a nozzle mounted on the nozzle of the pneumatic gun-spray module for receiving MPP from PU (PU module);

c) UVU is connected at the output by a pneumatic channel to at least one adapter-extension cord of the MPP module generator for receiving MPP from GDP and CCI (CF module);

- secondly, the washing installation from its composition is additionally equipped with a high pressure hose articulated with a nozzle equipped with jet nozzles, while:

1) jet nozzles are located at an angle to the center line of the nozzle and the high pressure hose;

2) jet nozzles are directed towards the junction of the nozzle and the high pressure hose;

3) in particular, the nozzle is equipped with a secant nozzle;

4) the secant nozzle is directed in the opposite direction relative to the joint of the nozzle and the high pressure hose;

- thirdly, it is additionally equipped with a reactor-mixer, while:

1) the reactor-mixer is connected by a liquid channel equipped with a ball valve with an electric pump unit;

2) the unit is electrically pumped by a liquid channel equipped with ball valves, a check valve and a tee, connected or:

a) with a sleeve for feeding the component from the installation of applying polyurethane foam to the pneumatic spray gun,

b) with a liquid channel for supplying the component from the tank to the PU application unit;

- fourthly, the reactor-mixer contains:

1) a container equipped with fittings for introducing component “B” of the solution of the foaming formulation and its return when the pressure in the liquid channel is exceeded, fittings for withdrawing the component and dumping

sludge located in the bottom of the tank, thermal insulation and an external heating system, in particular, containing at least one tape electric heater mounted on the tank;

2) a rotary multisection mixer driven by an electric motor, made on a hermetically sealed container lid and containing, in particular, a shaft with blades located in the vessel, the upper end of which is connected through a bearing strut and a coupling to the shaft of the gear motor;

3) a control panel for the heating temperature of the component and the speed of the mixer, interconnected by an electric circuit with an electric heater and an electric motor of a gear motor.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the module for receiving MPP from GDP and the CCI, containing a container, a preliminary foaming unit, a foaming sleeve and a hose, differs from the prototype in that:

- firstly, it additionally contains a communication node and a set of MPP generators large and at least one set of GMPP of low productivity, and:

1) each set of generators consists, at least, of the MPP generator itself and the preliminary foaming unit;

2) each MPP generator is sequentially coupled at the outlet with an extension adapter, a foaming sleeve and a hose, and at the input it is paired with air and two liquid channels with a communication unit and an air-liquid channel with pre-foaming units;

3) the communication node contains a system of air channels, which at the inlet through the air channel, including the valve and the reducer, is connected to the receiver of the compressor unit, and at the output through the separate air channels, including ball valves, is connected to each generator of the MPP and to each pre-foaming unit ;

4) the communication node contains a system of liquid channels, which is coupled at the inlet with an inlet pipe equipped with a ball valve, a filter and an extension adapter, which provides the connection of a liquid channel for the forced supply of a urea-formaldehyde resin solution, and at the outlet with separate liquid channels of the system, including ball valves, with each of the GMPP;

5) the communication node contains at least one system of fluid channels, which is coupled at the inlet with an inlet pipe equipped with a ball valve, a filter and an extension adapter that provides the connection of a liquid channel for the forced supply of a component of the POR solution to obtain MPP from the CCI or MP solution or a POR solution to obtain MPP from the runway, and at the exit by individual liquid channels of the system, including ball valves, with each of the pre-foaming units from the GMPP set;

6) the communication unit contains a system of liquid channels, at the inlet conjugated by a liquid channel equipped with a ball valve and a check valve, about an electric pump dosed supply of dyes, and at the output, coupled by separate liquid channels equipped with ball valves, with each of the MPP generators. At the same time, the unit is electrically pumped by a liquid channel equipped with a ball valve, connected to a container for dyes;

7) the communication node contains a system of liquid channels, coupled at the inlet with an inlet pipe equipped with a ball valve, a filter and an extension adapter that connects the liquid channel of the forced water supply, and at the outlet through ball valves connected to each of the above-mentioned systems of liquid channels between ball valves located at the inlet and outlet of these systems;

- secondly, the pre-foaming unit consists of sealed and sequentially hermetically connected to each other the inlet fitting of an aqueous solution of a foaming agent and a curing catalyst or a solution of MP, a throttle and a housing, moreover:

1) the housing contains a fitting for introducing compressed air and an outlet fitting connected by an air-liquid channel to the MPP generator,

2) the expansion chamber of the housing is equipped with a multilayer mesh or coiled spiral wire;

3) the expansion chamber of the housing is connected through a hole in the throttle to the cavity of the input fitting of the component of the foaming formulation to obtain MPP from TPP, or POR solution to obtain MPP from GDP, or MP solution;

- thirdly, it additionally contains at least one bubble tank, while:

1) the tank bubbler is connected to the compressor unit by an air channel containing a gearbox, valves and ball valves;

2) the upper and / or lower part of the tank is connected by at least one channel, equipped with a comb-distributor with ball valves, to each of the nozzles of the necks of the MPP generators.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the MPP generator containing the housing, equipped with fittings for the input components of the foaming formulation, differs from the prototype in that:

- firstly, it consists of hermetically sealed and connected in series hermetically connected KF resin inlet fittings equipped with a union nut, a carbamide-formaldehyde resin throttle, a plug with a tube fixed in it, a tee, a middle case and a neck, while:

1) the neck pipe on the outlet side is equipped with a connection element with an extension adapter and a foaming sleeve, and on the inlet side the neck pipe is paired with the middle body, and the diameters of the internal cavities of the neck pipe and the middle body are equal;

2) the middle body is equipped with a nozzle for introducing a dye solution and a nozzle for introducing a foamed solution from the pre-foaming unit, the cavity of the middle body being isolated from the cavity of the tee;

3) the tee is equipped with a nozzle for introducing compressed air into the cavity of the tee and a tube fixed in the hole at the outlet of the tee cavity, the tee tube being inserted into the cavities of the middle body and the neck pipe along their longitudinal axis, and the free section of the tee tube is perpendicular to the longitudinal the axis of the plane cutting the hole of the nozzle of the solution inlet made on the neck;

4) the plug pipe is threaded through the cavities of the tee and the middle case and inserted into the cavity of the pipe fixed in the tee, the free cut of the plug pipe being located at the level of the first quarter of the neck pipe from the side of its connection with the middle case, and from the opposite side the plug pipe is connected to the cavity a fitting for introducing a resin solution through an opening in the throttle;

- secondly, it further comprises an extension adapter, in particular equipped with a fitting.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the carbon fiber input device containing a sealed container differs from the prototype in that:

- firstly, it further comprises a cutting unit with a drive, wherein:

1) inside the sealed enclosure of the cabin of the cutting unit, a driving drum is made, coupled to the drive and equipped with knives, and a driven drum made of elastic material, to which the UVM harness is pressed by means of the pressure roller;

2) the UVM harness is inserted through the channel from a sealed container;

3) the following are placed inside the sealed container: a platform with a UVM bobbin installed on it and a guide of a UVM harness;

4) an air channel is made in the cabin of the felling unit, equipped with a ball valve and connected via a gearbox to the receiver of the compressor unit;

5) an air channel is made in the cabin of the felling unit, connected to the nozzle of the pneumatic spray gun of the PU application unit and at least one GMGS or its module extension adapter for receiving the MPP from the runway and the CCI (KF module);

- secondly, the nozzle mounted on the nozzle of the pneumatic spray gun of the PU spraying unit contains a cylindrical body with an insert fixed in its front base and made in the opposite base of the mount to the pneumatic spray gun, while:

1) the nozzle for the introduction of radar additives from UVM in the air stream is located at an angle to the axis of the cylindrical body of the nozzle;

2) the insert has a conical hole, the top of the cone of which is located in a plane close to the cut plane of the nozzle of the spray gun;

- thirdly, an electric motor or pneumatic drive was used as the drive of the cutting unit, while:

1) the electric motor is equipped with a gearbox and a control panel containing a biscuit switch and connected by an electric cable to the electric unit;

2) the pneumatic actuator is connected to the receiver of the compressor unit via two pneumatic channels, a tee, a ball valve and a gearbox, one of the pneumatic channels equipped with a ball valve, and the second pneumatic channel equipped with a ball valve and an electromagnetic valve.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the solution of the foaming formulation to obtain a masking foam coating of polyurethane foam, including,% wt .:

- component "A", containing a system of components SK-Rialon: 1) polyol (polyester reagent A2-realon 44,4 2) activator (cremin) 5,6 - component "B" - polyisocyanate fifty

differs from the prototype in that it contains up to 15 g of UVM as a filler per square meter of obtained MPP with a thickness of 2 ... 4 cm with a length of segments of elementary fibers of 10 mm and / or 16 mm.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the solution of the foaming formulation for the production of MPP from CCI, including: urea-formaldehyde resin - 20 ... 50% wt., Surfactant - 1 ... 5% wt., Curing catalyst - 1 ... 5% wt., filler and water - the rest is up to 100% wt., differs from the prototype in that:

- firstly, as a filler it contains up to 15 g of UVM for each square meter of the resulting masking foam coating with a thickness of 2 ... 6 cm with a length of segments of elementary fibers of 10 mm and / or 16 mm;

- secondly, it additionally contains:

1) degassing and deactivating additives;

2) in particular, the sodium salt of dichloroisocyanic acid - 0.5 ... 0.6% of the mass .;

- thirdly, it additionally contains dyes:

1) or yellow M is sedated, black M is sedated, dark brown and acid bright blue anthraquinone are sedated;

2) or acid dyes of the brands: dye yellow 2K, dye black, dye brown KM, dye blue K, with the following ratio of wt.% Dye to volume POR for MGS staining:

a) in dark green color:

or 1) yellow M 0.32 2) sovelanny black M 0.14 3) acid bright blue anthraquinone 0.02 or 1) dye yellow 2K 0.14 2) dye black 0.05 3) dye brown KM 0.13 4) dye blue K 0.08

b) in gray-brown color:

1) yellow M 0.16 2) sovelanny black M 0.15 3) is made dark brown 0.26 4) acid bright blue anthraquinone 0.04 or 1) dye yellow 2K 0.05 2) dye black 0.01 3) dye brown KM 0.32 4) dye blue K 0.02

The solution of the modifying formulation contains a surfactant - up to 2% of the mass. and water - the rest is up to 100% of the mass. No prototype MR solution was found.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the POR solution for the production of MPP from GDP, including, mass%: surfactant - 1 ... 5, filler and water - the rest is up to 100, differs from the prototype in that:

- firstly, he, as:

1) the filler contains up to 15 g of UVM for each square meter of MPP with a thickness of 2 ... 4 cm, obtained at negative ambient temperatures, and with a length of segments of elementary fibers of 10 mm and / or 16 mm,

2) the stabilizer obtained at positive ambient temperatures MPP contains, in particular,% wt .:

a) or urea-formaldehyde resin up to 5 b) or hydroxyethyl cellulose 1 ... 2 c) or polyvinyl alcohol 1 ... 2

- secondly, it additionally contains up to 2% wt. dry powder of hydrophilic dye, in particular, to obtain a coating painted in the volume of the foam, contains:

1) under the sand background - 0.05 ... 0.2% of the mass. chrysoidine;

2) under the background of live plant - mixture, with a ratio of dry powder: chrysoidine - 0.05 ... 0.6% of the mass. and methylene blue dye - 0.05 ... 0.2% of the mass.

Thus, the claimed invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

An analysis of the known solutions of their components and ingredients used for masking purposes in fire fighting, woodworking and other areas of military affairs and industry showed that individually the substances introduced into the declared solutions of POR solutions are known. However, their use is similar to that used in known formulations in combination with other components do not provide the properties of the MPP, which they exhibit in the claimed solution, namely obtaining:

- stable, having a low reflection coefficient of the electromagnetic field of the radar range in the section of two air-coating media, painted to the background color of the terrain or not painted with runway and CCI;

- surface-modified MPP from CCI, excluding the possibility of formation of glare in the visible and infrared ranges of the EMV spectrum, perceived by optoelectronic reconnaissance equipment and damage systems;

- stable, providing multiple loads during operation of V and VT, G and VO for a relatively long time (~ 6 ... 10 months), at least for at least a season, MPP from PU, painted on the surface with masking paints and enamels;

- MPP from PU, TPP and runway, possessing a masking effect specified in the admissible limits in the radar ranges of the EMW spectrum.

Comparison of the claimed technical solutions of the masking method, the mobile foam station upgraded to implement the masking method, the module for receiving the MPP from the GDP and the CCI, the MPP generator and the carbon fiber input device from the station, as well as the POR solutions to obtain protective screens for the LAP HOV and MPP through the station from CCI, including modernized ones, from GDP and PU, not only with prototypes, but also with other technical solutions in these areas of technology showed that the totality of inventions proposed by the authors is excellent There are no known indicative features, therefore, a conclusion can be drawn on the conformity of the group of inventions with the criteria of “novelty” and “significant differences”.

Joint implementation of exactly the claimed method of masking B and BT, G and BO with masking foam coatings by additional masking on them of the most heated surfaces and surfaces that form radar reflectors (“shiny points”), with an additional layer of MPP through a modernized foam mobile station containing a module for receiving MPP from PU and, in addition, a module for obtaining MPP from GDP and CCI, including at least one MPP generator and carbon fiber input device, as well as using POR solutions for treatment by means of a protective shield station for LAP KhOV and to implement a method for masking MPP from PU, from GDP and from the CCI, including using modified foams (MR solution), provides the fulfillment of the task of the invention, which allows us to conclude that the claimed inventions are interconnected by a single inventive concept.

The invention is illustrated by drawings and photographs, which show:

- figure 1 is an application of MPP in position;

- figure 2 is a top view of a moving object (BTR) without MPP in the visible range of EMW;

- figure 3 is the same in the infrared range of EMW;

- figure 4 is a view of the MPP on a moving object (tank) in the visible range of electromagnetic waves;

- figure 5 is a top view of a moving object (tank) without MPP in the visible range of electromagnetic waves;

- in figure 6 - the same in the infrared range of EMW;

- in figure 7 - the location of the radar reflectors on the tank;

- in figure 8 - the same;

- figure 9 is a pie chart of the EPR of the tank;

- figure 10 - examples of the application of a multilayer MPP;

- in figure 11 - station mobile foam upgraded in transport position;

- figure 12 - placement of equipment in the aggregate compartment of the container body;

- in figure 13 - station (view from the habitable compartment);

- figure 14 - placement of equipment on the left side of the habitable compartment of the body-container of the station;

- in figure 15 - the placement of equipment on the starboard side of the habitable compartment of the container body of the station;

- in figure 16 - placement of station equipment in a container body (top view);

- figure 17 - placement of station equipment on the left side of the container body;

- figure 18 - placement of station equipment on the starboard side of the container body;

- figure 19 is a pneumohydraulic diagram of the module for receiving MPP from PU (PU module), with the included schemes of UVU equipped with an electric motor, and a pneumatic spray gun;

- in figure 20 - installation "Foam-98" and the unit electric pump (view from the habitable compartment of the station);

- in figure 21 is the same, an external view of the container body;

- in figure 22 - pumping units and capacities of the module of the PU module (placement option in the inhabited compartment of the station);

- in figure 23 - the same, the capacity of the module PU;

- in figure 24 - snap capacities module PU (for example, capacity 56);

- in figure 25 - the same, for example, tanks 35 and 58;

- in figure 26 - pneumatic spray gun with a nozzle;

- in figure 27 - insert nozzle of the spray gun (fragment);

- in figure 28 - the placement of the UVU and the reactor-mixer;

- figure 29 - reactor-mixer (section);

- figure 30 is a pneumohydraulic diagram of a module for producing MPP 2 from GDP 9 and TPP 10 (CF module);

- in figure 31 - MPP generator;

- in figure 32 - the same placement in the communication node;

- in figure 33 - block pre-foaming (section);

- in figure 34 - the same placement as part of the communication node;

- figure 35 is a pneumatic diagram of a carbon fiber input device with a cutter equipped with a pneumatic actuator;

- in figure 36 - the UVU cutter equipped with an electric motor and pneumatic drive of the UVU cutter;

- in figure 37 - the same, with a turn ≈ 90 °;

- figure 38 - washing hose installation;

- figure 39 - high-pressure hose and a hydraulic gun for contactless washing with water under pressure;

- in figure 40, a high-pressure hose and a set of jet nozzles for cleaning the foam-forming sleeves of the CF module;

- in figure 41 - the direction of the jets of water jet nozzle;

- in figure 42 - the same with the battle forward;

- in figure 43 - tank with HOB;

- in figure 44 - the same, under the protective screen from the CCI;

- in figure 45 - heat shield from MGSH above the engine-transmission compartment of the tank (option);

- figure 46 is a diagram of the site for applying MPP from PU (option);

- in figure 47 - the same, but MPP from CCI (option);

- in figure 48 - the same, but MPP from PU at the point of permanent deployment (option);

- in figure 49 - the same, but MPP from CCI or GDP at the position (option);

The tables show:

- in table 1 - the accepted abbreviations and designations;

- in table 2 - terms and definitions;

- in table 3 - specification of the drawings;

- in table 4 - POR for obtaining samples of MPP from PU;

- in table 5 - physico-chemical parameters of the ingredients of the POR formulation to obtain MPP from CCI;

- in table 6 - POR for obtaining MPP from CCI of white, dark green and gray-brown colors;

- in table 7 - the composition of the solution for the surface modification of MPP from CCI;

- in table 8 - the main evaluated characteristics of the MPP from CCI;

- in table 9 - POR for obtaining MPP samples from CCI;

- in table 10 — POR for obtaining MPP samples from GDP;

- in table 11 - comparative foaming ability (multiplicity and stability of MPP from GDP);

- in table 12 - color stability of MPP samples from GDP.

Examples of the method of masking B and BT, G and BO masking foam coatings.

The masking method B and BT 1, D and BO MPP 2 is implemented in accordance with the claims by means of an application made according to the invention of station 3 containing a module (PU module) 4 for receiving MPP 2 from PU 5, a hose washing unit 6 with a hydraulic gun 7 and, additionally, a module for obtaining MPP 2 from GDP 9 and TPP 10 (KF module) 8, including GMPP 12 and UVU 13, by using the claimed POR solutions (see paragraphs 23, 24, 25, 27 and 28 of the claims ( FI)) for receiving through the station 3 protective shields 14 for LAP KhOV 15 and MPP 2 from PU 5, GDP 9 and T P 10, including those modified by CCI 10 with modifying foam 11 from an MR solution (see paragraph 26 FI) to implement the masking method during laboratory, field testing and exercises conducted in various climatic and seasonal conditions for many years ( see figure 1 ... 49). In this case, various samples of B and BT (mainly armored) 1 (see Figs. 1 ... 6), as well as G and VO, in particular, the positions of units of the Ground Forces (see Fig. 1), including fort structures 16, as well as roads 17 (see Fig. 5), floating bridges (not shown), low-water bridges on rigid supports (not shown) and other objects.

Example 1. The need to apply at least two layers of 18 MPP 2 during the concealment of B and VT 1 from reconnaissance and WTO guidance systems (not shown) using the infrared range of electromagnetic waves is caused by the presence of 1 warmed up object on the camouflage (up to 40 ° C and above) sections of 19 surfaces (including armor) 20 (see figure 3 and 6). At crossings over pontoon bridges (not shown), similar heated sections appear on the surfaces 19 (bonnets) of boats (not shown). It is difficult to hide such surfaces 19 with one layer 18 of MPP 2 from GDP 9 or TPP 10.

Difficulties in securing the secrecy of B and BT 1 in the radar EMF range with one layer of 18 MPP 2 are also caused by the presence on their surfaces of (1) 20 corner reflectors (two-sided and three-sided, formed by the rear section of the tower and the roof of the engine-transmission compartment, fuel tanks, vertical and horizontal sheets of the case, observation devices and attachments, a fenestrated shelf and other elements of the chassis, etc.) 21 (see Fig.7). At the same time, flat (front armor plate, feed, bulwarks, ZIP boxes, etc.) 22, spherical (tower, etc.) 23, cylindrical (fuel tanks, etc.) 24, resonance (elements of attachments and running gear, various auxiliary fasteners whose dimensions are comparable with the radar wavelength) forming reflectors 25, together with corner reflectors 21, EPR of armored objects 1, can be reliably hidden by one layer 18 of MPP 2, for example, from GDP 9 or TPP 10 (see Fig. 8 and 9).

Attempts to apply on the surface of the armor 20 (in particular, corner reflectors 21) of thicker (h> 6 cm) layers 18 of the MPP 2 from the GDP 9 or the TPP 10 caused it (2) to be destroyed, including due to the sliding of the MPP 2 from the surfaces moving objects 1. In this case, the use of MPP 2 from TPP 10 without surface modification caused the formation of a film on its (2) surface (not shown) that glare in the visible and IR ranges of the EMW and increase the reflectance of the X-ray wave at the interface between the two media “air - coating "26 (see figure 10).

Example 2. Due to the application of MPP 2 from PU 5, painted on the surface with sheet paints or enamels (not shown), an increase in the stable layer of 18 MPP 2 is achieved, which reduces the EMR from object 1 in the IR range of EMW lengths. However, at the same time, the effect of attenuating the incident radar wave is significantly reduced due to an increase in the reflection coefficient at the section of the two air-coating media 26 (see Fig. 10).

Example 3. The claimed method of masking B and BT 1, G and VO MPP 2 was implemented, as a rule, in three stages (see Fig. 46 and 47):

- at the first stage, if necessary, the preparation of the masked surface 20 was carried out, consisting of:

1) in cleaning the masked surfaces 20 from dirt (not shown) and oil products (fuel and lubricants) spilled on these surfaces;

2) in identifying and marking for subsequent application of MPP 2 sites:

a) the warmest 19 (see figure 2, 3, 4 and 5) during operation of internal combustion engines, furnaces and other heat sources (not shown);

b) forming radar reflectors - "shiny points" 21 (see Fig.7);

c) deforming (imitating) spots 27 (see figure 2);

3) in the processing of optics, external radio receivers and emitters, air intake pipes, etc. (not shown) in order to prevent their pollution, for example, by covering them with paper (not shown);

- at the second stage, the application on the surface of 20 V and VT 1 MPP 2 was carried out, containing at least one and / or two layers of 18 masking foams from PU 5, as well as TPP 10 or GDP 9:

1) as the lower layer 18 of MPP 2, if there are strongly warmed up (t≥40 ° С) sections 19 and / or “shiny points” 21 on the masked object 1, masking foam from PU 5 was used, laid in accordance with the given shape ( see "low-reflecting MPP form" in Fig. 10) and can withstand repeated loads from the impact of the crew for a relatively long period of operation (up to 6 ... 10 months). In this case, MPP 2 from PU 5 was applied to the object in two steps:

a) was deposited (sprayed) and formed (see figure 10), in fact, layer 18 MPP 2 from a solution of POR (see paragraph 22 FI);

b) MPP 2 from PU 5 was painted on the surface with standard paints or enamels (not shown);

2) a less dense masking foam (TPP 10 and less often GDP 9) was used as the upper layer 18 of MPP 2, which provides the smallest possible reflection of the incident EMW in the air – coating media section 26, in particular, or:

a) a layer 18 was applied (generated) (see FIG. 10) of the CCI 10 from a POR solution (see p. 23 of FI), including with a modification of its (2) MP 11 surface obtained from MP (see p .26 FI);

b) a layer 18 was applied (generated) (see FIG. 10) of GDP 9 from a POR solution (see paragraph 27 of FI). It was taken into account that in conditions of negative ambient temperatures, the use of GDP 9 to mask objects 1, the surface temperature of which (1) varies from negative to positive temperatures, is not recommended;

- at the third stage, optics, external radio receivers and emitters, intake pipes, etc. were processed. (not shown) by removing fixed paper and accidental contamination with foam particles (not shown).

At the same time, it is recommended to apply a modifying layer 18 of crumbling MP 11 obtained from the declared MR (see paragraph 26 FI) and preventing the natural formation of a film (not shown) on its (2) surface on the surface of layer 18 of MPP 2 from TPP 10. MPP 2 from modified (with a broken film on the surface of the foam 10 (not shown)) TPP 10 have a lower reflection coefficient at the section of the two air-coating media 26. In this case, glare from the surface of MPP 2 from TPP 10 in the visible and The infrared ranges of electromagnetic waves, and also reduces the effectiveness of laser illumination of the enemy’s WTO (not shown).

The application of the lower layer 18 of MPP 2 from PU 5 was carried out, as a rule, well in advance, mainly during the threatened period and before its announcement, for example, in a point (not shown) of a permanent deployment (see Fig. 48). The top layer 18 of the MPP 2 from the CCI 10 was applied to the masked object 1 immediately before the start of the combat mission and was replaced (updated) as necessary, in particular, after the destruction of part of the coating or when changing the background (not shown) of the terrain (see Fig. 47 and 49). Modifying foam 11 was applied to the surface of MPP 2 from TPP 10 immediately after its (10) deposition on object 1 (see Fig. 10).

Example 4. During the implementation of the claimed method of masking B and BT 1, G and VO (see figures 1, 4, 45 ... 49) MPP 2, as a rule:

- the bottom layer 18 of the MPP from PU 5 was applied mainly on the most heated surfaces 19, including using special skeletons 28 of the surfaces spaced apart from these (19) at a certain distance, forming a heat shield 29 (see Fig. 10) , and / or radar-forming reflectors — “shiny points” 21 — were applied onto the surface, filling them (21) if possible (see FIG. 10). In this case, the layer 18 of the MPP from PU 5 was given the desired surface shape (see Fig. 10), providing a reduction or elimination of the effect of the "brilliant point" 21 due to the re-reflection of the incident radar wave away from the radar (not shown);

- the upper layer of MPP from TPP 10 was applied, as a rule, to the entire masked surface 20 and, if possible, to part of the surface background 30 of the area, in accordance with its (30) natural spots (not shown). At the same time, there is no need to apply a continuous layer 18 of MPP 2 on the surface of the background 30, since there are no heated surfaces 19 and “shiny points” 21, which are noticeable in the infrared and radar EMF ranges. The masking effect in the visible wavelength range was achieved in the presence of transparency T,%, MPP 2, determined by the expression

$$T=\mathrm{one\; hundred}{S}_{PR.}/S,(5)$$

where S is the area of MPP 2 (total), m ² ;

S _ave. = SS _s. -the total area of the gaps not filled with foam in MPP 2, m ² ;

S _z - the total area of the masking material (GDP 9 or CCI 10) - an integral part of the area S MPP 2, m ² .

In this case, the permissible transparency of the coating, at which a satisfactory masking effect is still preserved, is calculated for a specific background by known methods (see, for example, / 9 /).

Example 5. The lower layer of 18 MPP from PU 5 was painted over the surface with panel masking paints and enamels (not shown), and the upper layer was painted in the volume of MPP 2 from GDP 9 or TPP 10 by introducing dyes or pigments (not shown) into the POR solution ( see paragraphs 25 and 28 FI).

Example 6 The method of masking B and BT 1, D and BO (see FIGS. 1 and 5) MPP 2 is implemented similarly to that described in examples 3, 4 and 5, but in a POR solution (see paragraph 23 of FI) , from which the upper layer 18 of MPP 2 is formed (see Figs. 1, 4, and 10), special additives are introduced. Such additives provide a decrease in the activity of chemically hazardous substances MPP 2 deposited from this solution (see para. 24 FI) MPP 15. As these additives, in particular, the sodium salt (HC) of dichloroisocyanuric acid (DHIC) is used at a rate of 0, 5 ... 0.6% of the mass.

Contaminated MPP 2 from CCI 10 is removed and disposed of together with HOB 15 and other pollutants (not shown).

The implementation of this method of camouflage will increase the safety of the crews of camouflage objects 1 during their operation in the event of HOV 15 getting onto the surface of MPP 2 from CCI 10.

Example 7 The masking method B and BT 1, G and VO MPP 2 is implemented similarly to that described in examples 3, 4 and 5, but at the same time a protective screen is applied to the surface of the spilled or applied to the masking object HOV 15 (layer 18 MPP 2) 14, localizing the evaporation of HOV 15 into the atmosphere, and hence their ingress into the respiratory tract of the crew of the masked object 1 and / or the ignition of HOV 15 (see Figs. 4, 43 and 44).

Contaminated masking foam (protective shield 14) 2 is removed and disposed of together with HOB 15 and other contaminants (not shown).

The implementation of this masking method in peacetime and during hostilities will provide the opportunity for environmentally friendly and fireproof operation of masked object 1 due to LAP KhOV 15 and oil products (not shown) with foam layer 18 (protective screen 14).

Example 8 The masking method of B and BT 1, D and BO MPP 2 is implemented similarly to that described in examples 3, 4 and 5, while under conditions of low ambient temperatures the POR components (see paragraph 22 ... 28 FI) are heated by increasing the temperature in the room (container body 31 (kunge, etc.)) or by using special devices (32), in particular, introduced into the structure of station 3 of the reactor-mixer 32 (see Fig. 16, 18, 28 and 29). In this case, the masked surfaces before applying MPP 2 can be heated by exhaust gases of engines (not shown) of masked objects 1 or by heat guns (not shown).

The implementation of this method of camouflage will provide the possibility of camouflage work at low ambient temperatures.

Example 9. The method of masking B and BT 1, G and VO MPP 2 is implemented similarly to that described in examples 3, 4 and 5, while in the POR component (according to item 22 or item 23, or item 27 FI ), filled in the tank (tank 34 of the reactor-mixer 32 and / or the supply tank 35 of module 4, or tank 33 of module 8) of station 3, or in the foaming sleeve 36 of module 8 or in the spray stream (not shown) of the POR (see .22 FI) of module 4 generated or sprayed by MPP 2, radar additives in the form of chopped, in particular, are introduced. from a bundle of 37 segments 38 of the UVM in accordance with the calculated or experimentally obtained data on the consumption of the UVM (not shown) per unit area S, m ² , MPP 2 for a given thickness h, m, layer 18 of this MPP 2, which provides the necessary effect of attenuation of EMF RL range (see figure 10).

During the implementation of the method in MPP 2 a layer thickness of 18 equal to h = 3 ... 5 cm, UVM of the VPR-19SB grade was introduced at the rate of 12 ... 15 g / m ² .

At the same time, the UVM 38 was cut from the bundle 37 and fed into the foaming sleeve 36 of module 8 or into the spray jet (not shown) of the POR (see p. 22 FI) from the gun 61 of the PU 4 module (see Figs. 19, 30 and 35) .

The mass Q of the segments of elementary fibers 38 or bundle 37 of the UVM introduced into MPP 2 with a layer thickness of h, m, at a flow rate of Ud, l, of the POR solution (according to item 22 or 23, or 27 FI), was determined by expression (3).

Υ feed speed _w to cutting UVM harness 37 when generating or spraying MPP 2 of POR (see. PHI claim 22 ... 28) the volume V _l liter was determined from the expression (4).

The flow rate Beat of the POR solution (see p. 22 ... 289 FI) was determined by expression (1), and its component by expression (2).

An example of a specific implementation of the station mobile foam modernized (station) 3.

Station 3 is made in a container body 31, mounted, in particular, on a biaxial trailer car multi-purpose 39 (see Fig.11 ... 18). Station 3 can be installed on the platform of the car (see Fig.46 ... 49).

The container body (KK) 31 is equipped with: technological hatch 40 of the PU 4 module, power input / output panel 41, hinged doors (hatches) 42 of the aggregate compartment 43 KK 31, technological hatch 44 of the KF 8 module, fittings (rigging and mooring units) 45 , door 46 of the inhabited compartment 47 (see Fig. 11, 12, 13 and 14). The composition of KK 31 includes: a set for special processing of wheeled vehicles with diesel engines DK-4D (set DK-4D) 48, life support system 49 of the inhabited compartment 47 KK 31, a deflector (in Fig. 12 in transport position) 50, a canister 51 for life support system refueling 49; the cable for connecting an external power source (Fig. 12 in the transport position) 52, two ladders 53 and a ladder 54 (see Figs. 11, 12 and 13).

Station 3 (see Fig.11 ... 18), in addition, contains:

- a module for receiving MPP 2 from PU 5 (PU module) 4, including a unit for applying polyurethane foam ("Foam-98") 55/5 /, workers 56 and 57 and consumable 35 and 58 containers for components "A" (56 and 35 ) and “B” (57 and 58) of the POR solution (see paragraph 22 of FI), pump units 59 and 60, pneumatic spray gun 61/5 /, pneumatic spray gun 62 with a paint tank 63 (see Fig. 19 ... 25);

- a hose washing unit 6 with a hydraulic gun 7 (see Fig. 16, 18, 38, 39, 46 and 47);

- additionally, a module for obtaining MPP 2 from GDP 9 and CCI 10 (CF module) 8 (see Figs. 14, 16, 17 and 30);

- additionally, the nozzle 64, mounted on the nozzle 65 of the spray gun pneumatic 61 installation 55 module (module PU) 4 to obtain MPP 2 from PU 5 (see Fig.19, 26, 27 and 35);

- additionally, UVU 13 (see Fig. 19, 26, 35, 36, 37). In addition, to ensure the operation of station 3, its (3) composition is included (see Figs. 11, 12 and 16):

- diesel power unit 66,

- screw compressor unit 67 with receiver 68,

an input / output panel 41 and a power supply panel 69 in the power cabinet 70,

- accessory cabinet 71,

- protective equipment when working with aggressive substances (not shown),

- two floodlights 72 (in FIG. 12, in transport position) complete with attachment points (not shown) of them (72) in the upper fittings 45 of the container body 31 (see FIG. 11).

Installation of applying polyurethane foam ("Foam-98") 55/5 / module PU 4, equipped with pressure gauges 73 (see Fig.16, 18 ... 21):

- at the inlet is interfaced with liquid channels 74, including ball valves 75 and 76, with consumables 35 and 57 for components “A” and “B”, respectively, of POR solution (see paragraph 22 of FI);

- at the outlet, it (55) is connected by flexible sleeves 77 and 78 (by means of fittings 79 and 80 (see Figs. 21 and 26)) with a pneumatic spray gun 61 equipped with a crane 81.

Compressor unit 67 (see Fig. 12, 16 and 30):

- at the input is connected by an electric cable 82 with an electric unit 66;

- at the outlet through pneumatic channel 83 (including a dryer 84, gearboxes 85 and 86 with pressure gauges 87 and 88 and ball valves 89 and 90) and fabricerezin pneumatic hoses 91 and 92 are connected to a pneumatic spray gun 61 (equipped with a crane 81) and with a pneumatic spray gun 62 (equipped with crane 93), respectively. Tissue-rubber pneumatic hoses 91 and 92 are connected to the gun 61 and the spray gun 62 through the nozzle 94 of the gun 61 and the nozzle (not shown) of the spray gun 62, respectively (see Fig. 19 and 26). The air flow on the guns 61 and 62 is controlled by the screw 95 of the gun 61 and the screw (not shown) of the spray gun 62, respectively.

The power unit 66 by electric cables 82 (see Fig. 12 and 16) is connected:

- with pumping units 59, 60 and 96, connected with working capacities 56, 57 and 34, and additionally with consumable capacities 35 and 58 for POR components (see p. 22 FI) and with an electric motor 97 of the reactor-mixer 32 (see FIG. .16, 19, 28 and 29);

- with a unit for applying polyurethane foam 55 connected by an electric cable (98) to its toggle switch 98 (55) located on a pneumatic spray gun 61 (see Figs. 20, 21 and 26);

- with the installation of a washing hose 6 connected at the inlet with a rubber hose 99 with a water tank (in particular, located on a moving object) 100 and at the outlet with a high-pressure hose 101 with a hydraulic gun 7 (see Fig. 38, 39, 46 and 47) ;

- additionally (in particular, through a transformer (not shown) or a storage battery (not shown)), with UVU 13, in particular, with a different design of the drive 102 of the torch 103, or:

1) with an electric drive 102 of the torch 103 by means of a toggle switch 104 of its (103) inclusion and a dial switch 105 of the console 106 (see FIG. 28),

2) with an electrovalve 107 when applied to a torch 103 of a pneumatic actuator 108 (see Fig. 35);

- additionally, with an electric pump 109 for supplying dye to the generator 12 of MPP 2 (see Fig. 16).

At the same time, for starting and stopping pumping units 59, 60 and 96, magnetic starters 110 are installed (see Fig. 22).

In order to ensure the possibility of supplying components “A” and “B”, from the delivery containers (not shown) to the containers 34, 35, 56, 57 and 58, the redistribution of the respective components between the respective containers (34, 35, 56, 57 and 58 ), as well as mixing the solutions therein and supplying the components to the installation 55, the module 4 additionally includes: liquid channels 111, 112 and 113; filters 114 and 115; ball valves 116 ... 134; check valve 135 (see Fig. 19). To clean the flexible hoses 77 and 78 of the installation 55 fabric wads (not shown) under pressure of compressed air installed ball valve 136.

The module for receiving MPP 2 from GDP 9 and TPP 10 (KF module) 8, additionally located at station 3, is coupled at the input with two pneumatic channels 137 and 138, gearboxes 139 and 140 with pressure gauges 141 and 142 and valves 143 and 144 with a compressor receiver 68 installation 67 (see Fig. 30). At the same time, at the output, each GMPP 12 of the KF 8 module is equipped with an extension adapter 145, and at the input, the KF module is connected to two or four automatic filling stations (ARS) 146, which have standard pumps (not shown).

UVU 13 is connected at the input by an electric cable (not shown) with an electric unit 66 and a pneumatic channel 147, including a ball valve 148 and a gearbox 149 with a pressure gauge 150 (see Fig. 19). At the output of the UVU 13 it is connected by a pneumatic channel 151 with a nozzle 64 of a pneumatic spray gun 61 of a polyurethane foam application unit 55 and a pneumatic channel 152 with at least one extension adapter 145 ГМПП 12 of the КФ 8 module (see Figs. 19 and 30).

A washing unit 6, comprising a high-pressure pump 153 with an electric motor 154, a pressure gauge 155, a safety valve 156, and a hydraulic gun 7, equipped with a twin nozzle 157 and a high-pressure hose 101 (for non-contact washing of surfaces), is additionally equipped with a high-pressure hose 158 (for cleaning foam hoses 36 module KF 8), articulated with the nozzle 159 (see Fig.40). The nozzle 159 is equipped with jet nozzles 160 located at an angle φ to the centerline 161 of the joint (joint assembly) 162 of the nozzle 159 and hose 158 and directed toward this joint (joint assembly) 162 (see FIG. 41). In particular, the nozzle 159 is additionally equipped with a secant nozzle 163 directed in the opposite direction relative to the joint (joint assembly) 162 (see Fig. 42). Figures 41 and 42 show water jets 164 and 165 exiting under pressure from a jet nozzle 160 and a secant nozzle 163, respectively.

The reactor-mixer 32, additionally located at station 3, is connected by a liquid channel 166 equipped with ball valves 132 and 133, to an electric pump assembly 96, which in turn is connected by a liquid channel 113, equipped with ball valves 131 and 134 and a check valve 135, to the channel 74 or sleeve 78 for feeding component “B” from a polyurethane foam application unit 55 to a pneumatic spray gun 61 (see FIG. 19). It (32) contains: a tank (tank) 34, a rotary multi-section mixer 167 driven by an electric motor 97 and a control panel (not shown) located on the power supply panel 69 in the cabinet 70 (see Figs. 16, 28 and 29).

The tank (tank) 34 is equipped with an input fitting (not shown) of component “B” of the POR solution and its return when the pressure in the liquid channel 113 is exceeded, a component outlet channel 166 with a ball valve 132 and sludge discharge with a ball valve 133 located in the bottom of the tank 34, thermal insulation 168 and an external heating system 169. In particular, the heating system 169 comprises at least one tape electric heater (169) mounted on a container 34 (see FIGS. 19, 28 and 29).

Rotary multi-section mixer 167 driven by an electric motor 97, is made on the sealed cover 170 of the tank 34 (see Fig.29). She (167) contains, in particular, a shaft 171 with blades 172 located in the tank 34. The upper end of the shaft 171 is connected through a bearing stand 173 and the coupling 174 with the shaft 175 of the gear motor 176.

The control panel (not shown) of the heating temperature of the component "B" and the speed of the mixer 167 is interconnected by an electric circuit 177 with a tape electric heater (external heating system) 169 and an electric motor 97 of the gear motor 176 (see Fig. 28).

An example of a specific implementation of the module for obtaining MPP from GDP and CCI (CF module) 8

The KF 8 module contains a container for dyes 178, a pre-foaming unit 179, a foaming sleeve 36, a hose 180, a communication unit 181, and an MPP 12.

GMPP 12 and pre-foaming unit 179 are conventionally combined into a set (not shown), and depending on their size (12 and 179), sets (not shown) can be of large or small productivity. The figure 30 presents the pneumohydraulic diagram of the module KF 8 with one set (not shown) that combines the GMPP 12 and the pre-foaming unit 179, regardless of their performance. In particular, the KF 8 module can simultaneously contain several sets (not shown) combining the GMPP 12 and pre-foaming units 179 of large and / or low productivity.

Each GMPP 12 is sequentially coupled at the outlet with an extension adapter 145, a foaming sleeve 36 and a hose 180, and at the entrance it is paired with an air 182 and three liquid channels 183, 184 and 185 with a communication unit 181 and an air-liquid channel 186 with pre-foaming units 179 (see FIG. 30).

The communication node - 181 in figure 30 is shown conditionally in the form of channels 187 ... 192, including an air channel 187 and five liquid channels 188 ... 192. Moreover, if at least two sets (not shown) are implemented in the communication unit 181 that combine the GMPP 12 and the pre-foaming units 179, the channels 187 ... 192 are presented in the form of corresponding systems (conventionally 187 ... 192).

The system of air channels (conditionally 187) at the inlet through the air channel 187, including a valve 144 and a gearbox 140, is connected to the receiver 68 of the compressor unit 67. At the outlet, through a separate pair of air channels (in figure 30, if there is one set of GMPP 12 and a unit pre-foaming 179, one pair of channels of the system 187) 193 is presented, including ball valves 194 and 195, it (187) is associated with each GMPP 12 and with each pre-foaming unit 179.

The system of liquid channels (conditionally 188) at the inlet by means of a liquid channel 188 is coupled to an inlet pipe 196 equipped with a ball valve 197, a filter 198 and an extension adapter 199, which provides for the connection of a liquid channel (from a set of tank 200 APC 146) for forcing a POR component to obtain MPP 2 from CCI 10, in particular, urea-formaldehyde resin from the 200 ARS tank (equipped with a standard pump for forced component supply (not shown)) 146. At the outlet, the system (channel) 188 is equipped with separate liquid channels and (in FIG. 30, in the presence of one GMPP 12, one channel of the system is shown) 201, including ball valves (in FIG. 42, one valve) 202, with each of (in FIG. 42 one) GMPP 12.

The system of liquid channels (conditionally 189) at the inlet through channel 189 is coupled to an inlet pipe 203 equipped with a ball valve 204, a filter 205 and an extension adapter 206, which provides for the connection of a liquid channel (from the set of tank 207 APC 146) for the forced delivery of the POR component to obtain MPP 2 from CCI 10 or POR solution to obtain MPP 2 from GDP 9. At the output, the system (channel) 189 has separate liquid channels (in figure 30, if there is one block 179, one channel of system 189 is shown) 208, including ball valves (in the figure 42 od n tap) 209, with each of the 179 blocks of the pre-expansion.

The system of liquid channels (conditionally 190) at the inlet through channel 190 is interfaced with an inlet pipe 210 equipped with a ball valve 211, a filter 212 and an extension adapter 213, which enables the connection of a liquid channel (from tank kit 214 APC 146) for the forced supply of MP solution or POR solution to receive MPP 2 from GDP 9. At the output, the system (channel) 190 is provided with separate liquid channels (in figure 30, if there is one block 179, one channel of system 190 is shown) 215, including ball valves (in figure 42 there is one valve) 216, with each of pre-foaming blocks 179.

The system of liquid channels (conditionally 191) through the channel 191, equipped with a ball valve 217 and a check valve 218, at the inlet is interfaced with an electric pump dosed supply 109 of dyes. The electric pump assembly 109 with a liquid channel 219 equipped with a ball valve 220 is interfaced with a tank (tank) 178 for dyes. At the output, the system (channel) 191 is provided with separate liquid channels (in figure 30, if there is one GMPP 12, one channel of the system 191 is shown), including ball valves (in figure 42, one valve) 221 is connected to each of the GMPP 12.

The system of liquid channels (conditionally 192) at the inlet, through channel 192, is connected to an inlet pipe 222 equipped with a ball valve 223, a filter 224 and an extension adapter 225, which provides for the connection of a liquid channel (from the tank set 226 APC 146) of forced water supply (not shown). At the output, the system (channel) 192 by means of ball valves 227 ... 230 is connected to each of the above-mentioned systems of liquid channels 188 ... 191. Moreover, the junction of systems (channels) 188 ... 191 and systems (channel) 192 are located between ball valves 197 and 202, 204 and 209, 211 and 216, 217 and 221 systems (channels) 188 ... 191.

The system of liquid channels (conditionally 192), in addition, may contain a ball valve 231 for supplying water through a separate liquid channel (not shown) to the tank (container) for dyes 178 and a bubbler tank 33. At the same time, the tank (tank for dumping sludge and washing water) ) for dyes 178 and the bubbler tank 33 in the bottom are equipped with ball valves 232 and 233, respectively.

It should be noted that in the case of applying MPP 2 from TPP 10 without using an MR solution (see paragraph 26 FI), i.e. without a surface modification of MPP 2 from TPP 10, the fluid channel system 190 may not be performed. At the same time, for a separate application of the POR solution to obtain MPP 2 from GDP 9, an additional channel system (not shown) can be performed. It is also important to note that instead of tanks 200, 207, 214 and 226 of APC 146, other tanks can also be used (see, for example, FIGS. 47 and 48), which have pumps (not shown) that supply POR components to the communication node 181 of the module KF 8. To ensure the operation of the module KF 8, APC 146 can be used, having both one tank 200, 207, 214, 226, and two tanks 200 and 226, 207 and 214 with pumps (not shown) for each tank 200, 207, 214 and 226. When performing tasks at the positions of the troops, special ARS 146 with four tanks can be used (20 0, 207, 214 and 226) on one chassis (see Figs. 47 and 48).

A bubble tank 33 (at least one) as a part of the KF 8 module is carried out if necessary. In this case, the bubbler 234 of the tank 33 is connected to the compressor unit 67 by an air channel 235 containing a ball valve (valve) 143 and / or valve 236 (in the presence of an additional tank 33, ball valves (not shown) are additionally performed for each tank 33) and a gearbox 139 containing a manometer 141. The upper part of the tank 33, while connected to the air-liquid channel 237, equipped with a ball valve 238 (performed on each tank 33), as well as a ball valve 239, with a fitting (channel) 184 GMPP 12. In figure 42 one crane 239 is shown without a distribution comb (not shown o), which is intended for the distribution of the air-liquid flow (not shown) from the tank 33 according to GMPP 12, if there are more than one of them (12). In addition, the bottom of the tank 33 may be equipped with a liquid channel (not shown), in particular, containing a ball valve 233 connected to the fitting (channel) 184 GMPP 12.

The pre-foaming unit 179 consists of a sealed and in series hermetically connected to each other fitting 240 for introducing a POR component containing an aqueous solution (not shown) of a foaming agent and a curing catalyst (see p. 23 FI) or MP solution (see p. 26 FI), throttle 241 and housing 242 (see Fig. 33 and 34). The housing 242 is equipped with a fitting 243 for introducing compressed air and an outlet fitting 244 connected by an air-liquid channel 186 to the GMPP 12 (see Fig. 30). Moreover, the expansion chamber 245 of the housing 242 is equipped with a multilayer mesh 246 or coiled wire (246). While the hole 247 in the throttle 241 connects the cavity 248 of the fitting 240 with the expansion chamber 245 of the housing 242.

An example of a specific implementation of the generator MPP (GMPP) 12

GMPP 12 consists of tight and sequentially tightly interconnected: equipped with a union nut 249 fitting 183 of the input component POR for receiving MPP 2 from CCI 10 (see paragraph 23 FI) containing CF resin; throttle 250 with o-rings 251; plugs 252 with a tube 253 fixed therein; tee 254; middle body 255 and neck 256 (see Fig. 31). At the same time (see Fig. 30, 31 and 32):

- the pipe 257 of the neck 256 from the outlet side (see arrow in Fig. 31) is equipped with a connection element (thread) 258 with an extension adapter 145 and / or a foaming sleeve 36 (see Fig. 30), and from the inlet side the pipe 257 of the neck 256 is coupled to the middle body 255, the diameters of the cavities 259 and 260 of the pipe 257 of the neckline 256 and the middle body 255 being equal (see FIG. 31);

- the middle case 255 is equipped with a nozzle (channel) 185 for inputting a dye solution and a nozzle (channel) 186 for introducing a foamed solution from the pre-foaming unit 179, and the cavity 260 of the middle case 255 is isolated from the cavity 261 of the tee 254 by a pipe 262 fixed to the outlet of the tee 254;

- tee 254, equipped with a fitting (channel) 182 for introducing compressed air into the cavity 261 of the tee 254 and a pipe 262 fixed in the hole 263 at the outlet of the cavity 261 of the tee 254, and the tube 262 of the tee 254 is inserted into the cavity 260 of the middle body 255 and the neck pipe 257 257 256 along their longitudinal axial line 264, and a free cut (265) of the tube 262 of the tee 254 is located perpendicular to the longitudinal axial line 264 of the plane 265, cutting the hole (channel) of the fitting 184 input air-liquid flow made on the neck 256;

- the tube 253 of the plug 252 is threaded through the cavity 261 of the tee 254 and the cavity 260 of the middle body 255 and inserted into the cavity 266 of the tube 262 fixed in the tee 254, and a free cut in the plane 267 of the tube 253 of the plug 252 is located at the level of the first quarter of the pipe 257 of the neck 256 with its side (256) is connected to the middle body 255, and on the opposite side, the tube 253 of the plug 252 is connected to the cavity 268 of the nozzle (channel) 183 of the POR component input (see paragraph 23 of the FI) containing CF resin through the hole 269 in the inductor 250.

In this case, the GMPP 12 may further comprise an extension adapter 145, in particular, equipped with a fitting 270 connected to the pneumatic channel 152 of the UVU 13 (see Figs. 19, 30 and 35). The pneumatic channel 152 in the absence of a bubble tank 33 can be connected to the fitting (channel) 184 of the hydraulic gearbox 12 instead of the fitting 270 of the extension adapter 145 of the KF 8 module (not shown).

In figures 31 and 32, the neck 256 of the GMPP 12 is shown in the transport position, it is closed by a cover (blind nut) 271.

An example of a specific implementation of the input device carbon fiber (UVU) 13

UVU 13 contains a sealed container 272 for reel 273 with a UVM harness 37 and a cutting unit (cutter) 103 with a drive 108 (see Figs. 19, 35, 36, and 37). At the same time, inside the sealed housing 274 of the wheelhouse (cutter) assembly 103, a driving drum 275 is made, coupled to the drive 108 and equipped with knives 276, and a driven drum 277 made of elastic material. A UVM 37 harness is drawn to the driven drum 277 by a pressure roller 278, a sealed 279 is inserted through the channel from the sealed container 272. Inside the sealed container 272, a platform 280 is placed, including a rotating platform with a UVM bobbin 273 and a guide 281 of the supplied UVM 37 harness (see Fig. .35). An air channel 147 is made on the housing 274 of the cabin (cutter) 103, equipped with a ball valve 148 and connected via a gearbox 149 and a dryer 84 to the receiver 68 of the compressor unit 67 (see Figs. 19, 35, 36 and 37). On the opposite side from the place (not shown) of the input channel 147 into the housing 274 of the cutting (torch) assembly 103, an air channel 151 (152) is made, connected to the nozzle 64 of the pneumatic spray gun 61 of the installation 55 for applying PU 5 and / or at least , with one GMPP 12 (its ((12) fitting 184) or fitting 270 of its (12) extension adapter 145 of KF 8 module.

Between the housing 274 and the container 272, additional air channels 282 can be made to compensate for the redistribution of air flows (see FIGS. 19, 36 and 37). The sealed housing 274 is equipped with a cover 283 with attachment points 284.

The nozzle 64, mounted on the nozzle 65 of the pneumatic spray gun 61 of the launcher 55 for applying the PU 5, contains a cylindrical housing 285 with an insert 286 fixed in its front base and an attachment unit (not shown) made to the opposite base to the pneumatic spray gun 61 (see Fig.26). In this case, the axial line 287 of the nozzle 288 for introducing RL of additives from the UVM in the air stream (not shown) is located at a certain angle a to the axial line 289 of the cylindrical body 285 of the nozzle 64. The insert 286 has a conical hole 290, the vertex 291 of which (290) is located in a plane 292 close to a cut plane 293 of the nozzle 65 of the spray gun 61 (see FIG. 26).

As the drive 102 of the cutting (torch) assembly 103, an electric motor 294 or a pneumatic drive 108 can be used (see Figs. 19 and 35). In this case, the electric motor 294 is equipped with a gearbox 295 and a control panel 106 containing a wrench switch 105 and connected by an electric cable 296 to the electric unit 66. The pneumatic actuator 108 is connected to the receiver 68 of the compressor unit 67 by means of two pneumatic channels 297 and 298, a ball valve 299, and a reducer 300 with a pressure gauge 301 (see Fig. 35). Moreover, one pneumatic channel 297 is equipped with a ball valve 302, and the second pneumatic channel 298 is equipped with a ball valve 303 and an electromagnetic valve 107. It should be noted that for the distribution of radar additives between the GMPP 12 or extension adapters 145 if there are two or more GMPPs 12 in the KF module, channel 152 is equipped with ball valves 304 (see Fig. 35).

Examples of specific applications of the claimed POR solution to obtain MPP from PU,

The technological process of spraying MPP 2 from PU 5 includes the following operations:

- preparation of components,

- preparation of equipment for spraying,

- preparation of objects 1,

- conducting control spraying,

- spraying and forming layer 18 PU 5,

- painting layer 18 PU 5 with sheet paints and enamels / 1 and 9 /.

Polyurethane foam (PU) 5 is obtained from relatively low molecular weight compounds of simple and complex polyesters, capable of reacting with another reactive component (polyisocyanate) into polymers with desired properties. The chemical interaction of these products is facilitated by emulsifiers and catalysts, and the formation of foam occurs with the help of foaming agents. All these interactions occur at the stage of processing at atmospheric pressure.

In practice, the formation of PU 5 is reduced to mixing the two components “A” and “B”, i.e. almost all brands of sprayed polyurethane foam compositions are manufactured according to a two-component scheme, which greatly simplifies the process.

Component "B", as a rule, is a single product - polyisocyanate, used most often in the form in which it is supplied.

Polyisocyanate is a mixture of 50 ... 60% diphenylmethanediisocyanate and polyisocyanate of higher molecular weight with a volume fraction of isocyanate groups of at least 30%. In appearance it is a dark liquid with a specific odor. Toxic (maximum concentration limit of vapors in the air of industrial premises - 0.2 mg / m ³ ), fire hazard (flash point - 175 ° С, ignition - 215 ° С). In direct contact with the skin, dermatitis is possible.

Component B (polyisocyanate) readily reacts with water and atmospheric moisture, resulting in the formation of a precipitate of solid polymer material of white color, which cannot be used for processing. Therefore, barrels with component “B” must be hermetically sealed and protected from contact with water and atmospheric moisture. During long-term storage of the polyisocyanate, especially at a temperature of less than 10 ° C, a dark-crystalline mass can form in it, which significantly increases the dynamic viscosity of component “B”.

Component “A” of all grades of PU 5 is a mixture of the original polyester or a mixture of polyesters with the required amount of catalysts, emulsifiers, blowing agents and extinguishing agents. The mixture can be prepared at the place of use and in an industrial environment in the form of a finished product - component “A” for a particular brand of polyurethane foams 5.

The manufacture of component “A” under industrial conditions is preferable, since errors in the dosage of ingredients are eliminated and a more homogeneous material is obtained, and therefore, high-quality foam.

In the manufacture of component “A” at the place of use, first of all, accuracy in weighing the ingredients of the composition and thorough mixing are required, since the quality of layer 18 of MPP 2 from PU 5 depends on it. To obtain a homogeneous mixture, it is also necessary to strictly observe the loading sequence of the ingredients. As a rule, in the container where component A is supposed to be prepared, the initial polyesters are first loaded, then emulsifiers, foam regulators, additives that give the foam any additional properties, catalysts, and, lastly, foaming agents.

After loading all the ingredients, the mixture is mixed with a mixer or manually, in accordance with the technological documentation. Component A is best prepared at a temperature not lower than 15 ° C, since the viscosity of the polyester at a lower temperature is very high, it is difficult to pour them out of the container and it is difficult to mix the mixture manually. Polyesters stored at temperatures below 15 ° C should be kept at room temperature (20 ° C) or heated at a temperature of about 60 ° C. The warmed polyesters are then brought to room temperature, and only then can they be metered to form component “A”.

Component “A” for some PU grades, which includes certain additives and fillers, can stratify about a month after manufacture, as a result of which the composition's activity and PU quality can be very different from the norm. The necessary properties of component "A" are restored after mixing.

As a rule, suppliers of raw materials do not add a catalyst to polyester, delivering it in a separate container, indicating in the passport on the raw material the proportion in which it must be added to polyester. After adding the catalyst to the polyester, the shelf life of the latter is limited (according to the passport, 2 months, in reality - 2 weeks). At the same time, many external factors begin to influence (temperature of raw materials, ambient temperature, sun rays falling on the container, thorough mixing of the component).

In accordance with the instructions of the passport for raw materials, a cremine is added to the polyol immediately before use, then component “A” is mixed for at least 10 minutes.

MPP 2 from PU 5 can be applied to surface 20 after they are cleaned of dirt by installing washing 6 and preliminary preparation. In the process of preparing surfaces 20, Galosha gasoline, trisodium phosphate (oil removal), zinc chromate (rust removal) are used. Separating material (paper, polymer film) is placed on surface areas 20 not subject to PU 5 spraying, or TsIATIM type grease is applied.

The input of segments of elementary fibers of UVM 38 into MPP 2 from PU 5 can be carried out by their uniform distribution (mixing) in one “B” or both POR components, as implemented in the prototype of the claimed station 3 - at SPPU / 4 / station. Reliable without delays and blockages input UVM 38 is carried out in accordance with the claimed method through the developed UVU 13 in the air stream.

The control spraying is carried out in order to determine the readiness of the installation for operation and assess the quality of the obtained PU 5. If the control spraying is carried out in an open area, the ambient temperature should be (20 ± 5) ° C, and the weather will be dry.

After turning on the installation 55, components “A” and “B”, due to different viscosities, do not enter the gun 61 at the same time, therefore, the first portions of the POR mass are dumped into the sludge within 5 ... 6 seconds. The spray gun 61 should be located from the insulated surface at a distance of 400 ... 600 mm and move along it uniformly with such a speed that the thickness h of the layer 18 of MPP 2 was about 10 ... 35 mm. The slightest delay of the spray gun 61 in one place leads to the formation of irregularities in the thickness h of the layer 18 of the MPP 2.

A control sample is considered satisfactory if the sprayed POR solution (see p. 22 FI) foams and does not drain from the substrate, and does not settle after foaming. The surface of the sprayed sample should be smooth or finely tuberous, but glossy. The slice of the layer 18 MPP 2 is uniformly porous with a uniform distribution of segments of elementary fibers UVM 38, and the foam is dense and dry to the touch.

When forming the layer 18 of foam 5 in the radar reflectors 21, it is assumed that the layer 18 of the MPP 2 is applied in several reciprocating movements of the gun 61.

Evaluation of the characteristics of the obtained samples of MPP 2 from PU 5 filled with radar additives in the form of segments of elementary fibers of UVM 38 was carried out on a control and measuring complex made in accordance with GOST RV 50774-95. The measurement range is λ = 0.8 ... 10 cm. POR for obtaining specific samples of MPP 2 from PU5 are presented in table 4.

All investigated samples of MPP 2 from PU 5 filled with UVM 38 weighing up to 15 g / m ² for each meter of coating 2 attenuate the radar EMF incident on them in the range λ = 0.8 ... 10 cm. Moreover, with an increase in the number of introduced fibers to 15 g / m ² , the effect of attenuation of the incident EMW increases, and with a subsequent increase in the concentration of UVM 38 (> 15 g / m ² ), MPP 2 PU 5 samples gradually lose the effect of attenuation of EMV. Based on the cost of UVM relative to the cost of other POR ingredients (see Clause 22 FI), filling MPP 2 with segments of elementary fibers in amounts exceeding 15 g / m ^{2 is} not advisable.

The choice of the specific content of the HCM as part of the POR in the range of up to 15 g / m ^{2 is} carried out in accordance with the specific operating conditions of the masking object 1, its (1) unmasking features, which are manifested in the radar range of the electromagnetic field, and the economic feasibility of costs.

Examples of specific applications of the claimed POR solutions for the production of MPP from GDP and TIP, including modified MP obtained from MR.

As components of POR for obtaining MPP 2 from GDP 9 and CCI 10, as well as MP for surface modification of MPP 2 from CCI 10, the same ingredients are used to obtain MPP 2 (see paragraph 23 ... 28 FI), mixed into one, two or multicomponent POR. The foam is obtained by or:

- dispersing the resulting solution of POR (or MR) with air by means of a mechanical stirrer (mixer),

- air passage through the POR solution (component) (or MP) by means of a bubbler 234,

- punching the air flow through a multilayer mesh (coiled wire) 246 moistened with a solution (component) of POR or a solution of MP,

- dispersing the POR solution (component) or MR solution in a stream of compressed air during the movement of the air-liquid flow along the foam-forming sleeve 36 (see Fig. 30).

The introduction of solid RL additives in the form of UVM is carried out by simply mixing them with a POR solution (component) and then dispersing them with a mechanical stirrer or foaming them by barbotage (air passage through the solution), including the subsequent introduction of foam enriched with solid RL additives ( UVM), into the foaming sleeve 36. In addition, in accordance with the claimed method, it is proposed to enter suspended in a stream of compressed air sections of elementary fibers of UVM (solid RL additives) in the foaming sleeve 36 simultaneously with the introduction of POR solution (36) into it.

To obtain MPP 2 from GDP 9 and CCI 10, including surface modified ones, KF 8 module made in accordance with the claimed invention is used, including GMGSH 12 and UVU 13 from station 3.

As the urea resin (KF resin) use urea-formaldehyde resin KF-MT (GOST 14231) or a fastener brand M-3 (TU 6-06-0203398-388), or urea-formaldehyde resin "KARBAMET-T" (TU 2223-100-05015227 )

As a foaming surfactant, a mixture of sodium or triethanolamine salts of alkyl sulphates of primary fatty alcohols of the C ₁₀ -C ₁₈ fraction and sodium or triethanolamine salts of sulphates of alkylolamides of the synthetic fatty acids of the C ₁₀ -C ₁₆ fraction, sodium or triethanolamine salts of the alkyl sulfuric acids of the C ₁₀ -C ₁₃ fraction is used alkyl sulfate fraction C ₁₀ -C ₁₃ ), a mixture of sodium or alkyl sulfuric acid fraction C ₁₀ -C ₁₆ and sodium or triethanolamine salts of alkyl sulfuric acid fraction C ₁₀ -C ₁₃ (alkyl sulfate fraction C ₁₀ -C ₁₃ ), a mixture of sodium or alkyl acids of fraction C ₁₀ -C ₁₆ and sodium or triethanolamine salts of sulphates of monoethanolamides of synthetic fatty acids of fraction C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ . Moreover, as a substance that improves the performance of surfactants, it may additionally contain at least one additive from the group: sodium alkyl sulfate fraction C ₁₀ -C ₁₃ , carbamide, butanol, alcohol fraction C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ , fatty alcohols fraction C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ , ethyl alcohol, monoethanolamides FFA fraction C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ . In particular, foaming agents can be used in accordance with TU 2480-078-10968286 or TU 38.607-22-31, as well as ABSK foaming agent, grade A (10% solution in water) TU 2481-036-04689375.

In accordance with POR, before use, the ASC grade A foaming agent is diluted with water to obtain a 10% surfactant solution (ingredient) introduced into the POR components. For example, to get 50 l of foaming agent for refueling tank 207 АРС 146, it is necessary to dilute 5 l of ABSK in 45 l of water, with a temperature of at least 20 ° С. Stirring is carried out until the complete dissolution of ABSK in water.

The curing catalyst used is orthophosphoric (GOST 6552 or GOST 10678), hydrochloric (GOST 3118), oxalic (GOST 22180), sulfuric (GOST 4204), acetic (GOST 6151) acids, and ammonium chloride (GOST 3773).

As polyhydric alcohols, either glycerin (GOST 6824 or GOST 6259, or TU 6-09-17-263-89), or ethylene glycol (GOST 5594), or polyethylene glycol (GOST 5594) are used.

As RL additives (filler), a tourniquet and / or cuts are used in the form of segments of elementary fibers with a length of 10 mm and / or 16 mm of carbon fiber (carbon fiber material (UVM)) of the Uglen-9 R brands (TU 6-06-I87) or Uvis Zh-22S, or VPR-19sb (TU 48-20-23).

As dyes for CCI and less often for runway use:

- or yellow dye 2K (TU 6-14-667), black dye (TU 6-36-0204187-412), brown dye KM (TU 6-14-387), blue dye K (TU 6-36-0204187- 417);

or dyed yellow M (TU 6-38-05800142-249), dyed black M (TU 2461-022-40476089), dyed dark brown M (TU 6-38-05800142-188), bright acid dye blue anthraquinone 140% (TU 2461-042-40476089).

As dyes for GDP use: chrysoidine (TU 36-13-63-64) and methylene blue (TU MHP 404.3-5.3).

Dry dye powder, before use in the tank (tank) 178 module KF 8, diluted by intensive stirring in warm water at a temperature of 40 ... 60 ° C. This takes into account the solubility of the dye in water, which varies for the selected dyes in the range of 26 ... 100 g per liter of water.

As the degassing and deactivating additives, the sodium salt of dichloroisocyanuric acid (NS DHITSK) TU 9392-001-58521502 is used.

According to physico-chemical parameters, the ingredients of the POR solutions must comply with the requirements given in table 5.

The POR solution is prepared by mixing the ingredients to obtain the components or the POR solution, or pre-prepared components to obtain the POR solution in predetermined proportions at a temperature of 5 ... 30 ° C for 0.5 ... 1 minute. In this case, the acidity of the POR solution for obtaining MPP from the CCI is adjusted to pH <3. When preparing the POR components, poured into the tank 207 and the bubble tank 33, it is necessary to use water heated to a temperature of at least 10 ° C. At ambient temperatures below 10 ° C, the water used to prepare the components must be preheated. It is allowed to heat the component in the tank 207 of the APC 146 according to the technology provided in its (146) operating manual.

At an ambient temperature below 10 ° C, the components charged into tanks 200, 207 and 214 of APC 146 must be heated to a temperature of 10 ... 20 ° C. The temperature of the water in the tank 226 APC 146 is desirable to have above 20 ° C.

MPP 2 from POR solutions (see p. 24, 25, 26, 28, and 29 FI) and from MP solution (see p. 26 FI) are obtained without the use of elevated pressure at ambient temperatures from 0 to 40 ° C at provided that the POR solution during the period of mechanical dispersion of gas in it with the simultaneous curing of the foamed composition for 5 ... 10 min, kept the temperature not lower than 0 ° C.

Compressed air in the system of the KF 8 module of station 3 is designed to supply solutions and solid radar additives (filler) to the foaming sleeve 36, dispersing the solution with air in the foaming sleeve 36 and feeding the formed foam 10 to the masked object 1 to form MPP 2.

The technological process of using the claimed POR solution to obtain MPP from CCI, including modified, includes the following stages:

- preparation of components and preparation of the module KF 8 and UVU 13 station 3 for the generation and application of foam 10;

- preparation of B and VT 1, G and VO for applying MPP 2 (cleaning from dirt, marking the deforming color of coating 2, laying of release material on surface sections 20 not subject to application of CCI 10);

- conducting a control coating 2;

- applying and forming a layer of 18 CCI 10;

- applying the modifying layer 10 of the modifying foam 11 obtained from the claimed MR (see paragraph 27 FI);

- removal of release agent and foam 10 from areas not subject to MPP 2 application;

- flushing the KF 8 module systems with water from tank 226 ARS 146.

The content of POR ingredients used to obtain specific samples of MPP 2 from CCI 10 of white, dark green and gray-brown colors are presented in table 6.

To improve the masking properties of MPP from TPP due to surface modification of the coating, which counteracts the formation of a surface film on the coating, 10 ... 60 minutes after its formation, a layer of MP 11 from 0.5 to 1 cm thick obtained from the MP solution is applied to its surface ( see table 7).

The main evaluated characteristics of MPP from CCI obtained from the POR solution (see p. 23 of FI) are given in table 8.

MPP 2 from CCI 10 can be applied to the surface 20 after they are cleaned of dirt by installing a washing 6 and preliminary preparation. To remove dirt, use a stream of water created by the washing unit 6 and the gun 7. On the surface areas 20 that are not subject to application of the CCI 10, a release agent (paper, polymer film) is placed or a lubricant of the type CIATIM is applied. After applying MPP 2, the separation material (not shown) is removed together with the layer 18 of the foam 10. The remaining foam 10 is removed with a rag (not shown), and optical instruments, if necessary, washed with water, including using a surfactant.

A control sample is considered satisfactory if the generated POR solution (see clauses 23, 24 and 25 FI) adheres and does not spread on the substrate, and after application of MPP 2 from TPP 10 has a shrinkage of not more than 10%. The slice of the layer 18 MPP 2 is porous with a relatively uniform distribution of segments of elementary fibers of UVM 38. The color is uniform throughout the volume of the sample. The foam multiplicity β = 12 ... 20.

Evaluation of the characteristics of the obtained samples of MPP 2 from TPP 10 filled with radar additives in the form of segments of elementary fibers of UVM 38 was carried out at the Vega Concern measuring complex, made in accordance with GOST RV 50774-95. Measurement range λ = 0.8 ... 10 cm.

The content of POR ingredients to obtain specific samples of MPP 2 from TPP 10 are presented in table 9.

All investigated samples of MPP 2 from PU 5, filled with UVM 38 weighing up to 15 g / m ² for each meter of coating 2, attenuate the EMF of the radar radiation range λ = 0.8 ... 10 cm falling on them. Moreover, with an increase in the number of introduced fibers to 15 g / m ² , the effect of attenuation of the incident EMW increases, and with a subsequent increase in the concentration of UVM 38 (> 15 g / m ² ), MPP 2 TPP 10 samples gradually lose the effect of attenuation of EMV. Based on the cost of UVM relative to the cost of other POR ingredients (see paragraphs 23, 24 and 25 FI), filling MPP 2 with pieces of elementary fibers in amounts exceeding 15 g / m ^{2 is} not advisable.

The choice of the specific content of the HCM as part of the POR in the range of up to 15 g / m ^{2 is} carried out in accordance with the specific operating conditions of the masking object 1, its (1) unmasking features, which are manifested in the radar range of the electromagnetic field, and the economic feasibility of costs.

Experimental studies of MPP 2 from GDP 9 and TPP 10, including modified MP 11 obtained in accordance with the declared POR and from the MR solution (see paragraph 23 ... 26 FI), showed that masking coatings 2 were obtained from the developed solutions with improved operational characteristics, and, in particular, durable, plastic, shrink-resistant, heat-resistant, less fire hazard, with little water and moisture absorption while maintaining thermal insulation characteristics, and most importantly with optimal radar and spectrophotometric characteristics, printing the necessary masking effect in the visible, infrared and radar ranges of the EMW spectrum.

The technological process of using the claimed POR solution to obtain MPP from GDP includes the following operations:

- preparation of components and preparation of the module KF 8 and UVU 8 station 3 for the generation and application of foam 9;

- preparation of B and VT 1, G and VO for applying MPP 2 (cleaning from dirt, laying of release material on surface sections 20 not subject to application of GDP 9);

- conducting a control coating 2;

- application and molding of layer 18 of GDP 9;

- removal of release agent and foam 10 from areas not subject to MPP 2 application;

- flushing the KF 8 module systems with water from tank 226 ARS 146.

The content of POR ingredients for obtaining specific samples of MPP 2 from the GDP of white, dark green, sand and young greenery and dried grass is presented in table 10.

To obtain a stable MPP from GDP, painted under the color of a sandy background, 0.05 ... 0.2% of the mass is used as a dye in the POR solution. chrysoidine (see tab. 10, 11 and 12). To obtain the MPP from the runway painted under the background of living vegetation, 0.05 ... 0.6% of the mass is introduced into the POR solution. chrysoidine and 0.05 ... 0.2% of the mass. methylene blue dyes (see p. 28 FI). For coloring MPP from GDP under the color of exposed black soil, 0.05 ... 0.6% of the mass is used as a dye in the POR solution. black dye.

The introduction into the POR as an additive of alkyl fatty acids of synthetic fatty acids of the C ₁₀ -C ₁₆ fraction at the indicated ratios in combination with polyvinyl alcohol or hydroxyethyl cellulose allows preserving the required MPP color from GDP over the entire period of its existence.

A mixture of acid alkylolamide sulfates with foam stabilizers - polyvinyl alcohol or cellulose oxtetyl in the indicated ratio (see paragraph 27 of FI) allows to increase the stability of MPP from GDP.

UVM 38 in POR to obtain MPP 2 from GDP 9 is introduced only in cases where coating 2 is used at negative ambient temperatures to mask B and BT 1.

On the surface of 20 masked objects 1, the temperature of which can vary from negative to positive temperatures, applying MPP 2 from GDP 9 is not recommended.

Crystallized GDP 9 melts like snow when the temperature rises.

MPP 2 from GDP 9 can be applied to surface 20 after they are cleaned of dirt by installing a washing 6 and preliminary preparation. To remove dirt, use a stream of water created by the washing unit 6 and the gun 7. On the surface areas 20 that are not subject to application of the CCI 10, a release agent (paper, polymer film) is placed or a lubricant of the type CIATIM is applied. After applying MPP 2, the separation material (not shown) is removed together with the layer 18 of the foam 10. The remaining foam 10 is removed with a rag (not shown), and optical instruments, if necessary, washed with water, including using a surfactant.

A control sample is considered satisfactory if the generated POR solution (see paragraph 27, and 28 FI):

- at positive ambient temperatures it does not spread on the substrate, has a uniform color and multiplicity β = 12 ... 35;

- at negative ambient temperatures it does not spread on the substrate, and after crystallization, MPP2 from GDP 9 does not settle and does not collapse. The section of layer 18 of MPP 2 is porous with a relatively even distribution of segments of elementary fibers of UVM 38. The color, if applied, is uniform throughout the volume sample. In the absence of color, the foam should have a uniform white color. The foam multiplicity β = 15 ... 25.

Evaluation of the characteristics of the obtained samples No. 30 ... 33 (see table 10) MPP 2 from GDP 9, filled with radar additives in the form of segments of elementary fibers UVM 38 weighing 4.5, 8.5, 12.5 and 15 g / m ^{2 of the} coating 2 was carried out on a control and measuring complex, made in accordance with GOST RV 50774-95. Measurement range λ = 0.8 ... 10 cm.

All investigated samples of MPP 2 from GDP filled with UVM 38 weighing up to 15 g / m ² for each meter of coating 2, at negative ambient temperatures weaken the radar EMW of the range λ = 0.8 ... 10 cm. Moreover, with an increase in the number of introduced fibers to 15 g / m ² , the effect of attenuation of the incident EMW increases, and with a subsequent increase in the concentration of UVM 38 (> 15 g / m ² ), the MPP 2 samples of GDP 9 gradually lose the effect of attenuation of EMV. Based on the cost of UVM relative to the cost of other POR ingredients (see paragraph 27 FI), filling MPP 2 with pieces of elementary fibers in quantities exceeding 15 g / m ^{2 is} not advisable.

During the operation of MPP 2 from GDP 9 at positive ambient temperatures, it is not necessary to introduce UVM 38 into them (9), since foams 9 satisfactorily effectively weaken the radar EMW of the range λ = 0.8 ... 10 cm.

The choice of the specific content of the HCM as part of the POR in the range of up to 15 g / m ^{2 is} carried out in accordance with the specific operating conditions of the masking object 1, its (1) unmasking features, which are manifested in the radar range of the electromagnetic field, and the economic feasibility of costs. The recommended number of elementary segments of UVM 38 introduced into MPP 2 from CCI 10 is 8.5 ... 12.5 g / m ² , with a thickness of layer 18 of coating 2 - h = 1.5 ... 3 cm.

Experimental studies of MPP 2 from GDP 9, obtained in accordance with the declared POR (see clauses 27 and 28 of FI), showed that masking coatings 2 with improved operational characteristics, and, in particular, with optimal radar and spectrophotometric characteristics providing the necessary masking effect in the visible, IR and X-ray ranges of the EMW spectrum.

Station 3 and its components, including the module for receiving MPP from GDP and CCI (module KF 8), GMPP 12 and UVU 13, work as follows.

Station 3 operates in the following modes:

- non-contact washing of surfaces B and BT, G and VO before applying MPP 2 to them, for which washing 6 is used;

- applying masking foam coatings from PU 5 obtained from the declared POR (see Clause 22 FI), with the aim of masking B and BT 1, G and BO, for which the PU 4 module is used;

- application of masking foam coatings from GDP 9, and / or CCI 10 obtained from the declared POR (see Clauses 23, 24, 25, 27 and 28 FI), including the modification of CCI 10 with a modifying foam 11, obtained from the claimed MP (see paragraph 26 FI), in order to mask B and BT 1, G and VO, for which the KF 8 module is used;

- the application of protective shields from GDP 9 or CCI 10 obtained from the declared POR (see Clauses 23, 24 and 27 of FI), for the purpose of LAP KhOV 15, for which the KF 8 module is used;

- the manufacture of thermal insulation coatings from PU 5 or GDP 9, or CCI 10, obtained from the declared POR (see Clauses 22 ... 25, 27 and 28 FI), during field deployment of troops and during the construction of buildings and structures, for which the PU module is used 4 and / or module KF 8;

- applying paint coatings from sheet paints and enamels with the purpose of masking B and BT 1, G and VO, as well as during the construction of buildings and structures for which a spray gun 62, which is part of the PU 4 module, is used.

The work of station 3 is provided by the following members included in its (3):

- a container body 31 with a life support system 49 (including a deflector 50 and a canister 51), placed on a car trailer 39, providing conditions for the placement and operation of the main equipment (4, 6, 8 and 13) and the mobility of station 3 with it ( 3) intended use and transportation;

- diesel power unit 66 and cable 52, located in the aggregate compartment 43, as well as a power panel 69 and an electrical cabinet 70, located in the habitable compartment 47 of the container body 31 of station 3 and providing power during autonomous operation of station 3, as well as when operating from external power supply (not shown);

- compressor installation 67 and receiver 68, located respectively in the aggregate 43 and habitable 47 compartments of the container body 31 and providing compressed air to the main equipment (4, 8 and 13) of station 3;

- two floodlights 72 with units (not shown) of their (72) fasteners in the upper fittings 45 of the container body 31, providing illumination of the territory adjacent to station 3 during work;

- set for special processing of wheeled vehicles with diesel engines DK-4, used as directed.

The CF module works in the following modes:

- refueling capacity 272 UVU 13, the tank for dyes 178 and at least one bubble tank 33 after refueling tanks 200, 207, 214, 226 ARS 146;

- the generation of MPP 2 from GDP 9 or TPP 10 with the input, if necessary, of both / and dye from tank 178, and / or segments of UVM 38 from cutter 103 of UVU 13, and / or NS DHITSK from a bubble tank 33;

- generation of MP 11 applied over MPP 2 from TPP 10;

- flushing the communication node 181, including the GMPP 12 and block 179, through the system 192 of the node 181;

- washing the foaming sleeves 36 using a washing unit 6 with a high-pressure hose 101 and a hydraulic gun 7 or with a high-pressure hose 158 and a nozzle 159.

The KF 8 module provides the deployment of at least one workstation for applying MPP from GDP 9 or CCI 10 with a low-capacity generator 12 and / or one high-capacity GMPP 12 workstation to mask B and BT 1, G and VO or LAP HOV 15. Work is carried out with the direct simultaneous use of four tanks (200, 207, 214 and 226) and pumps (not shown) APC 146, placed on two or four chassis (not shown).

In advance, before arriving at the camouflage places or LAP KhOV 15, fill in the APC 146 tanks (200, 207, 214 and 226), and then fill the 33 barber tanks and the dye tank 178 using water from the 226 tank and ball valve 231 of the communication node system 192 181 of the KF module 8. The filling of tanks (200, 207 and 214) of the ARS 146 and tanks 33 and 178 of the KF 8 module is carried out in accordance with the declared POR and MP to obtain MPP 2 from GDP 9 and CCI 10, including MP 11 (see p. 24 ... 29 FI). In this case, the mixing of the pre-diluted concentrated dye with water and the mixing of the finished component in the tank 178 before its use is carried out by a mechanical mixer (not shown) of the tank 178 or by circulating pumping of the component by the unit 109 through the channel 219, with ball valves 220 and 307 open and ball valves closed cranes 217 and 232 (see Fig. 30).

The principle of operation of the KF 8 module is based on the metered supply of 12 POR solutions from the 200 tanks (KF) and 207 (surfactant, curing catalyst, water) to the MPP to obtain the MPP from the CCI or from the 207 tank of the POR solution to obtain the MPP from the GDP under the pressure of pumps not shown) APC 146, as well as, if necessary, a component containing NS DHITSK from a bubbling tank 33 under compressed air pressure and / or dyes from a tank 178 of the station by means of an electric pump 109 metered supply unit. The chopped UVM 38 is introduced into the GMPP 12 by the air flow from the torch 103 of the UVU 13. The MP (see paragraph 27 FI) is fed into the GMPP 12 from the APC 144 tank 214. In the GMPP 12, the solutions are mixed, dispersed in the air stream and as they pass through the foaming the sleeve 36 is formed into an air-foamy stream, which is applied through the hose 180 to VT and VT 1, forming MPP 2 from CCI 10 or GDP 9 with the subsequent modification of CCI 10 MP 11. When localizing emergency spills, GDP 9 or CCI 10 is applied over HOV 15 forming a protective shield 14.

The modification of MPP 2 from TPP 10 consists in generating, on top of the TPP 10, applied to the masking object 1, modifying foam 11. As a result of the modification, the surface of MPP 2 from TPP 10 acquires a loose structure, which increases the masking efficiency in the visible, IR and X-ray EMF ranges.

When generating MPP 2 from TPP 10, compressed air under pressure installed:

- gearbox 140, is fed to block 179 and GMPP 12;

- gear 139, is fed into at least one bubble tank 33;

- reducers 85 and 149, are fed to the UVU.

From the tank 200, under the pressure of the pump (not shown) ARS 146, the POR component (CF resin) (see paragraphs 24, 25 and 26 of FI) is supplied to the inlet pipe 196 through the extension adapter 199 of the system 188 of the communication unit 181, filtered by a filter 198 and enters the GMPP 12 (see Fig. 30).

From the tank 207, under the pressure of the pump (not shown) APC 146, the component (surfactant, acid, and water) of the POR (see paragraphs 23, 24, and 25 of FI) is fed into the inlet pipe 203 through the adapter-extension 206 of the system 189 of the communication unit 181, it is filtered filter 205 and enters the pre-foaming unit 179, where it is picked up by a stream of compressed air, foams and enters GMPP 12 (see Fig. 30).

In the bubbler tank 33 component (surfactant, water and special additives (or pre-cut UVM or NS DKhNTSK, or others)) POR (see p. 23, 24 and 25 FI) with compressed air under pressure installed by gear 139 either:

- foams and is fed through ball valves 238 and 239 through the air-liquid channel 237 and enters GMPP 12,

- through ball valves 233 and 239 through a liquid channel (not shown) is displaced in GMPP 12 through the fitting 186.

The metered supply of the component (dye and water) POR (see p. 25 FI) from tank 178 to GMPP 12 is provided by an electric pump assembly 109 through a channel (system 191). When generating MPP 2 white in the tank 178 dyes are not introduced.

12 components received in the GMPP (CF resin, surfactant, acid, dye, special additives and water) POR (see paragraphs 23, 24 and 25 FI) are picked up by a stream of compressed air and fed into the foam-forming sleeve 36. In the foam-forming sleeve 36, the POR components (see paragraphs 23, 24 and 25 FI) are dispersed in a stream of compressed air. The formed CCI 10 by means of a hose 180 is fed to the surface of the masked object B and BT 1.

When generating MP 11 applied over MPP 2 from TPP 10, MP is used (see paragraph 26 FI). The compressed air pressure is set by the pressure reducer 140. Under the pressure of the pump (not shown) ARS 146, the MR solution (see paragraph 26 of FI) is supplied to the inlet pipe 210 through the adapter extension 213 of the system 190 of the communication unit 181, is filtered by the filter 212 and enters the block pre-foaming 179, where it is picked up by a stream of compressed air, foams and enters GMPP 12 (see Fig. 30). In GMPP 12, the foamed MR solution (see paragraph 26 FI) is picked up by an additional stream of compressed air and fed into the foaming sleeve 36. The formed MP 11 is delivered via a hose 180 to the surface of MPP 2 from the CCI 10.

When generating MPP 2 from GDP 9, a POR solution is used (see paragraphs 27 and 28 of FI). Compressed air under pressure installed by gearbox 140 and, if necessary, gearboxes 139, 85 and 149, is supplied similarly to the process of generating MPP 2 from CCI 10. From tank 207 and / or 214, under pressure from APC 146 pumps, it is supplied to inlet pipe 203 and / or 210 through an adapter 206 and / or 213, it is filtered by a filter 205 and / or 212 and fed to block 179, where it is picked up by a stream of compressed air, foams and is supplied to a hydraulic pump 12. In a hydraulic pump 12 a foamed POR solution (see paragraph 27, ... 29 FI). it is picked up by an additional stream of compressed air and fed into the foam-forming sleeve 36. Formed GDP 9 is supplied via a hose 180 to surface B and BT, forming MPP 2.

The input of UVM 38 to MPP 2 from TYPE 10 and GDP 9 can also be carried out from the torch 103 of UVU 13 through channel 152 to the nozzle 270 of the extension adapter 145 GMPP 12 with a stream of compressed air with a pressure set by pressure reducer 149 (see Figs. 19, 30 and 35). In the absence of 3 bubbling tanks 33, the UVM 38 in the design of the station in the compressed air stream can be supplied through the channel 152 through the fitting 184 (not shown) in the GMPP 12.

When flushing the systems (channels) 188 ... 191 of the communication unit 181 and the foaming sleeve 36, compressed air under pressure installed by the gearbox 140 is supplied to the block 179 and the hydraulic conveyor 12. The water from the tank 226 under the pressure of the APC 146 pump is supplied to the inlet pipe 222 through the adapter 225 is filtered by a filter 224 and fed into the systems (channels) 188 ... 191 through ball valves 227 ... 230 and further to the block 179 of the hydraulic conveyor 12 and further into the foaming sleeve 36, washing them with an air-drop flow (see Fig. 30).

Pipes 196, 203 and 210, extension adapters 199, 206 and 213, ball valves 197, 204 and 211, filters 198, 205 and 212 are flushed with a reverse current of water when pumping hoses (not shown) that are part of the APC are disconnected 146. The distribution of compressed air with a pressure set by the pressure regulator 140 and liquid flows between the block 179 and the GMPP 12 is carried out by ball valves of the communication unit 181.

Tanks 33 and 178 are flushed with water using a ball valve 231 to supply water and ball valves 232 and 233 to discharge sludge. When flushing tanks 33 and 178 can be used compressed air from gearboxes 139 and 140.

If there are several sets of GMPP 12 and pre-foaming units 179, the distribution of air and liquid flows between them (12 and 179) is carried out by valves and ball valves of the systems 188 ... 191 of the communication node 181 and the distributor comb (not shown), which includes a ball crane 239 (see FIG. 30). The generation of MPP 2 from GDP 9 or CCI 10 by the second and subsequent set of blocks 178 and GMPP 12 is carried out by supplying air and components of POR and MP solution (see paragraph 23 ... 28 FI) to the corresponding elements of the sets (block 179, GMPP 12) followed by the formation of foam in the corresponding foaming sleeves 36.

The generator of masking foam coatings (GMPP) 12 works complete with an extension adapter 145 and with a preliminary foaming unit 179 (see Figs. 30, 31 and 32) or without them (145 and / or 179). The pre-foaming unit 179 provides preliminary preparation (foaming) of a component containing, among other things, a POR curing catalyst (see p. 23 FI), due to which a more uniform distribution of the named component in a dispersible POR solution is achieved (see p. 23, 24 and 25 FI). The extension adapter 145, at the same time, provides for the reception of radar additives in the form of segments of UVM 38 fibers in a stream of compressed air entering through channel 152 through the nozzle 270.

GMPP 12, is designed for smooth smooth reception of POR components (see p. 23, 24 and 25 FI), without delays and the formation of plugs when they are mixed and fed into the foaming sleeve 36 to generate and obtain the TPP 10.

In the process of operation of the hydraulic conveyor belt 12, compressed air under pressure installed by a reducer 140 and POR components (see p. 23, 24 and 25 FI) from tank 200, tanks 33 and 178, and also a foamed component containing a curing catalyst from tank 207 through the pre-foaming unit. 179 enter the nozzle 182 ... 186 of the hydraulic control gearbox 12. Through the cavities of the tubes 253 and 262, the tee 254, the middle case 255 and the neck 256, the POR components (see paragraphs 23, 24 and 25 of the FI) go to the plane 265, mixed in the cavity 259 of the pipe 257 of the neck 256, under the influence of compressed air are converted into a stream of airborne droplets suspension and are fed into the foaming sleeve 36. Moreover, based on the need to convert a more viscous component (CF resin from the tank 200) to a state that mixes this component with less viscous components (from the tank 207 and tanks 33 and 178), it ( CF resin) is preliminarily broken by a stream of compressed air in the cavity 266 starting from the cut of the tube 253 by the plane 267 (see Fig. 31). In addition, for a more uniform distribution of the dyes coming from the tank 178, they are pre-mixed in the cavity 260 of the middle body 255 of the MPP 12 with a component foamed in the block 179 coming from the tank 207 (see Fig. 31).

In the case when the bubbling tank 33 is not used in the constructive solution of station 3, the pieces of UVM 38 fibers in the compressed air stream coming through the channel 152 from the UVU 13 can be introduced through the nozzle 184 of the neck 256 of the GMPP 12.

The PU 4 module works autonomously (regardless of the KF 8 module) in the following modes:

- intake of components from delivery containers 305;

- preparation of components at station 3;

- applying MPP 2 PU 5 to the masked object 1 with the input of the UVM 38 from the torch 103 of the UVU 13 and with heating, if necessary, part of the POR component “B” (see paragraph 22 of the FI) in the mixing reactor 32;

- redistribution of POR components (see, para. 22 FI) between containers 56 and 35, as well as 57, 58 and 34.

The PU 4 module provides the deployment of two workplaces allowing sequentially or simultaneously spraying MPP 2 from PU 5 on objects B and BT 1 and staining (not shown) the applied MPP 2 from PU 5 with masonry paints or enamels.

The refueling module PU 4 is carried out from containers (barrels) of delivery 305, not included in station 3, for example, on the site of camouflage of military equipment (see Figs. 46 and 48). Refueling is carried out in containers 56, 57, 35, 58 and 34 in accordance with POR (see Clause 22 of FI) by means of pumping units 59 and 60, filters 114 and 115 and corresponding ball valves 116 ... 134 of PU 4 module (see fig. .19).

The principle of operation of the PU 4 module is based on mixing components A and B in the compressed air stream in a pneumatic spray gun 61 with the subsequent formation of MPP 2 from PU 5 on the masked surface 20 as a result of the polymerization chemical reaction with expansion of the solution (foam formation) due to the release of gas into the foam cells 5. In this case, part of component “B” is supplied from the tank 34 of the reactor-mixer 32, which provides heating of this component at low ambient temperatures and, therefore, an increase in the initial temperature atura of the sprayed POR solution (see p. 22 FI). Heating and thermoregulation of POR solutions (see p. 22 ... 28 FI) is also ensured by the use of the life support system 49 from the body of the container 31 of station 3.

A UVM is introduced into a spray stream (not shown) of an airborne droplet mixture of components “A” and “B” from a nozzle 64 of a spray gun 61 by an air stream through channel 151 from a torch 103 of UVU 13.

The operation of the PU 4 module is ensured by the supply of compressed air from the receiver 68 of the compressor unit 67 and electric power from the electric unit 66 or an external power supply (not shown).

The distribution of compressed air passing the desiccant 84, with the pressure set by the reducers 85 and 149, between the gun 61 and the nozzle 64 of the PU 4 module is carried out by ball valves 89 and 148.

POR components “A” and “B” (see paragraph 22 FI) are taken from delivery containers 305 separately by electric pump units 59 and 60 using hoses from the spare part kit (not shown) and are pumped to the corresponding containers 34, 35, 56, 57 and 58. The activator "cremine" is poured into a container 35 of a twenty-liter delivery canister (not shown).

The preparation of the POR solution (see p. 22 FI) consists in mixing the component “A” and the “cremin” activator in the tank 35 with a mixer (not shown) or with an electric pump unit 59 with open ball valves 120 and 121 and closed ball valves 116, 117, 122 and 75 (see Fig. 19).

The spraying of MPP 2 PU 5 on the masked object 1 consists in feeding the PORA-98 installation 55 components of POR (see p. 22 FI) from tanks 35 and 58 to a pneumatic spray gun 61, where they are picked up by a stream of compressed air with pressure, mounted by a reducer 85, in a stream (not shown) of a spray of an airborne stream and applied to a masked surface of 20 V and VT 1. From a reactor-mixer 32, an electric pump 96 unit is supplied with an optionally heated “B” POR component (see paragraph 22 FI ) to the input or output of the installation "Foam-98" 55. When applying components nta “B”, an electric pump unit 96 is additionally used at the outlet of the installation 55. In the nozzle 64 of the spray gun 61, a UVM 38 is supplied by a stream of air from a torch 103 of a UVU 13, which is supplied with a stream of droplet mixture in a spray stream (not shown) of a POR solution (see. 22 FI) is carried away in layer 18 of MPP 2 from PU 5.

The heating of component "B" in the reactor-mixer 32 is carried out with simultaneous mechanical stirring by a rotary multisection mixer 167, which ensures uniform heating of the POR component (see item 22 FI) with an external heating system 169 installed on the tank 34 (see Fig. 19, 28 and 29).

The redistribution of POR components (see p. 22 FI) is carried out as the components "A" and "B" are consumed in tanks 34, 35 and 58 by supplying them (34, 35 and 58) with the corresponding components "A" and "B" of containers 56 and 57, electric pump units 59 and 60 with open ball valves 117 and 121 and / or 126 and 128 and closed ball valves 116, 118, 119, 120, 122 and 75 and / or 129, 127, 125, 124 and 76 (see Fig. 19).

The input device carbon fiber (UVU) 13 operates as follows. Wound on a reel 273, placed in a sealed container 272 on a platform 280, including a rotating one, the UVM harness 37, is pulled by the driving drum 275 into the cutter 103 to the cutting knives 276 through the sealed channel 279 (see Figs. 19, 28, 30, 35 , 36 and 37). At the same time, the driving drum 275 with knives 276 driven by an electric motor 294 with a speed set by the biscuit switch 105 of the UVU 13 control panel 106 rotates the driven drum 277 and the pressure roller 278, which tighten the UVM 37 cut bundle into the cutter 103. At the same time, through the air channel 147, is hermetically sealed the closed housing 274 of the torch 103 is supplied with compressed air under pressure installed by the gearbox 149, which carries the pieces of fibers of the UVM 38 into the pneumatic channel 151 (152), made on the opposite side of the pneumatic channel 147 in the housing 274 of the torch 103. For feed chopped UVM 38 in a stream of compressed air or into the extension adapter GMPP 12 of the KF 8 module (see Fig. 30) or into the nozzle 64 of the pneumatic spray gun 61 of the PU 4 module (see Fig. 26), to the outlet pipe of the pneumatic channel 151 (152) of the torch 103 of the UVU 13, the union 270 of the extension adapter 145 GMPP 12 of the KF 8 module or the union 288 of the nozzle 64 of the pneumatic gun of the sprayer 61 of the PU 4 module are connected.

In the case when the bubble tank 33 is not used in the specific solution of station 3, the channel 152 of the cutter 103 can be connected to the nozzle 184 of the neck 256 of the GMPP 12 (see Figs. 30 and 31).

The operation of the UVU 13, equipped with a pneumatic actuator 108, differs in the order of starting and stopping the torch 103 (see Fig. 35). Manual control of the start and stop of the torch 103 is carried out by supplying or shutting off compressed air with a pressure set by the pressure reducer 300 via the pneumatic channel 297 by the ball valve 302 with the ball valve 303 closed. The remote control of the start and stop of the torch 103 is to supply control signals to the electropneumatic valve 107 with the valve open ball valve 303 and a closed ball valve 302.

The operation of the washing unit 6 is provided by gravity supply of water from the tank 226 APC 146 or another APC 100 along the sleeve (not shown) from its (146 or 100) composition and by supplying electricity through an electric cable 306 from the composition of a single set of spare parts (not shown) to station 3 (see Fig. 46). In this case, the tank 226 APC 146 can be connected by another sleeve (not shown) from its (146) composition to the pipe 222 of the communication node 181 of the module KF 8 for supplying pressurized water to the system 192 (see Fig. 30).

Installation washing 6 provides:

- non-contact washing of surfaces 20 of masked objects 1 (it is possible to use liquid detergent (not shown)) during their (20) preparation for applying MPP 2,

- cleaning and washing the foaming sleeves 36 module KF 8 station 3.

The preparation of the surface 20 of the masked objects 1 consists in a non-contact washing (not shown) of surfaces B and BT 1 with a jet of water from a gun 7 under the pressure created by the washing unit 6 (see Figs. 38 and 39).

The washing of the foaming sleeves 36 is based on the aerodynamic forces created by the water jets 164 from the nozzles 160 of the nozzle 159, which ensure the nozzle 159 is advanced inside the sleeve 36 and rinsed off with water under the pressure of adhering hardened residues (not shown) of the formulations (see Figs. 41 and 42). To remove plugs (not shown) from the foam sleeves 36, a nozzle with a nozzle 163 of the cutting jet 165 is used (see FIGS. 40 and 42).

The claimed method of masking B and BT, G and VO with masking foam coatings, a modernized foam mobile station, a module for receiving MPP from GDP and CCI (module KF 8), an MPP generator (GMP 12) and a carbon fiber input device (UVU 13) from the station as well as POR solutions for obtaining through the MPP station from CCI, including modified ones, GDP and PU for the implementation of the masking method provide an increase in the effect of concealing MPP objects due to additional masking at these objects of the most informative unmasking signs s, manifested in the infrared and radar ranges of EMW, at least one additional layer of masking foam, including using safe for use masking foams contaminated with HOV, as well as for LAP HOV and to perform thermal insulation during field deployment of troops and construction of buildings and facilities, which provides a solution to the problem of the invention. In particular, the implementation of the claimed group of inventions will provide:

- the possibility of obtaining masking foam coatings, including those safe during operation, providing LAP HOV, oil and fuel oil, as well as securing B and VT, G and VO, including by hiding the most heated sections of V and VT, G and VO and radar reflectors, the so-called "shiny points";

- expanding the functionality of the means of mechanization of work by combining in a single technical solution the constituent elements based on the receipt of paint coatings, MPP and screens from GDP, CCI and PU, providing in combat conditions and in peacetime the solution of emerging problems by a combination of different types of masking foams, and also by improving the masking properties of MPP and the protective properties of screens for LAP HOV;

- minimization of vehicles and maintenance personnel, increasing the utilization rate of the station and the personnel involved to ensure its operation;

- destruction of the film on the surface of the TPP, which helps to reduce the reflection coefficient of the radar wave and to prevent glare in the visible and infrared ranges of EMW, by modifying the MPP from the TPP with the developed MPP obtained from the MR solution;

- stable operation of the pneumatic spray gun, without stopping and clogging the nozzle with fibers;

- expanding the range of applied UVM due to the possibility of introducing the estimated volume of fibers of specified lengths, which allows to obtain MPP with the necessary characteristics in the radar range of EMW;

- the secrecy of V and VT and G and VO in the visible, infrared and radar ranges of electromagnetic waves, including the decimeter range of electromagnetic waves, including when operating camouflage objects at high ambient temperatures;

- uninterrupted (without delays and blockages) reliable (smooth reception, mixing and feeding of components into the foam-forming sleeve) operation of the MPP during the generation of MPP from the CCI in various operating conditions and modes of operation.

- the secrecy of masked objects 1 in the visible, infrared and radar ranges of electromagnetic waves, including the most heated surfaces 19 and “shiny points” 21.

It should be noted that the processes of work during the preparation and application of MPP 2, protective shields 14, and thermal insulation during field deployment of troops and during the construction of buildings and structures are almost the same, except that:

- when applying protective screens:

1) dyes and UVM in POR solutions (see p. 23 ... 28 FI) are not introduced;

2) can be used the system (187 ... 192) of the communication node 181, pre-foaming unit 179, GMP 12 and foaming sleeves 36 high performance;

- in the production of thermal insulation of buildings and structures:

1) dyes and UVMs are not introduced into POR solutions (see p. 24 ... 29 FI);

2) CCI is applied in the gaps between the enclosing structures or mounted in the form of plates previously obtained and processed in special forms (not shown).

The developed group of inventions provides (confirmed by experimental and field studies of MPP 2 from PU 5, GDP 9 and TPP 10, including modified MPP obtained in accordance with the claimed method (see p.1 ... 9 FI) from POR and from a solution of MR (see p. 22 ... 26 FI), by means of product samples made in accordance with p. 10 ... 21 FI) obtaining masking coatings 2 with improved performance and masking properties. In particular, durable, plastic, shrink-resistant, heat-resistant, fireproof, with little water and moisture absorption while maintaining thermal insulation characteristics, and most importantly with optimal radar and spectrophotometric characteristics, foam coatings 2, providing the necessary masking effect in the visible, IR and radar spectral ranges, were obtained EMV. The resulting coatings provide, in addition, the localization of emergency spills of chemically hazardous substances when applying these coatings to the surface of substances, as well as the safety of crews of masked equipment when hazardous substances enter the surface of the coating. The use of the resulting coatings for thermal insulation of field and other structures ensures the receipt of protective walling in a short time at the place of work.

Information sources

1. Manual on military camouflage. M .: Military Publishing House, 1956 UTL POS "Camomile" Military Publishing House, 1970. Technical decision was made as:

a) an analog of the method - C.26 and 27,

b) station analogue - C.18 ... 23 and UTP.

2. A method of localizing oil stains. / I.Ya. Khadzhieva et al. Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2158334 dated October 27, 2000 according to the application No. 98115988/13 dated August 18, 1998 Bulletin No. 30 dated October 27, 2000

The invention is accepted as:

a) an analog of the method - C.4 ... 12,

b) an analogue of the POR solution to obtain MPP from CCI - C.4 and 5.

3. Installation for generating water-air and hardening polymer foam of a given color. / I.Ya. Khadzhieva et al. Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2275948 dated 05/10/2006 according to the application No. 2004123945/15 (025932) dated 08/08/2004. Bulletin No. 13 dated 05/10/2006. The invention was adopted as:

a) a prototype of the method - C.14, paragraph 25;

b) the prototype module KF - 21 S.,

c) the prototype of UVU - C.9, paragraph 35,

d) the prototype of the MPP generator - C.9, paragraph 45.

4. Station mobile foam universal (SPPU). Operation manual IYuVT.634412.001 RE. 2003 - 109 s. The technical decision was made as:

a) station prototype - C.8, 10 ... 27, p.1.1.4;

b) a prototype POR solution to obtain MPP from PU - C.8 and 37, table 1.

5. Installation of applying polyurethane foam universal PENA-98 P20 and its modifications: PENA-98 P20M1, PENA-98 P20M4, PENA-98 P20M14, PENA-98 P20UM, PENA-98 P20UM-M1, PENA-98 P20UM-M4, PENA- 98 P20UM-M14. Manual. UNPU.01-00.00.00.RE. M .: New construction technologies, 2007 - 62 p. The technical decision was made as:

a) a technical solution for the installation of polyurethane foam;

b) an analogue of the POR solution to obtain MPP from PU - C.28 ... 34.

Pneumatic spray gun. Passport (Operation manual PRP.02-00.00.00.RE). M .: New construction technologies, 2007 - 11 p. Adopted as a technical solution of the spray gun.

6. A device for generating water-air and hardening foam. / I.Ya. Khadzhieva et al. Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 221204 dated November 27, 2004 according to the application No. 2003101265/02 dated January 17, 2003. Bulletin No. 33 dated November 27, 2004. The invention was adopted as:

a) analog module - 72 C.,

b) the analogue of UVU - S.20,

c) an analog of a generator - C.22 and 23.

7. Foaming composition for building material. / I.Ya. Khadzhieva et al. Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2083522 of July 10, 1997, according to the application No. 5059079/04 of 08/18/1992, Bulletin No. 19 of July 10, 1997. The invention was adopted as an analogue of POR solutions for producing MPP from CCI and WFP from GDP.

8. Foaming composition for thermal insulation. / I.Ya. Khadzhieva et al. Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation: No. 2083521 of July 10, 1997, according to the application No. 5025223/04 of 03/03/1992, Bulletin No. 19 of July 10, 1997. The invention was adopted as a prototype of POR solutions for the production of MPP from CCI and WFP from GDP.

9. Efimov V.A., Kolchevsky V.E., Chermashentsev S.G. Disguise. Part 1. Basics and masking technique. Textbook. / Ed. V.A. Efimova M: VIA, 1971 - 348 p.

10. Dictionary of the Russian language: In 4 volumes / Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Institute of Russian. language; Ed. A.P. Evgenieva. - 3rd ed., Stereotype. - M .: "Russian language", 1987.

Claims (28)

1. A method for masking weapons and military equipment, civilian and military installations with masking foam coatings, which consists in preparing a maskable surface and then applying masking foams on it, characterized in that at least two layers of masking foams are applied to the masked surface, as the lower layer, masking foam is used that can withstand repeated loads over a relatively long service life and is shaped to provide the least radio reflection Discount waves of two media "air - coating" or "top layer - the bottom layer," and as an upper layer using masking less dense foam having a low reflectance of an incident electromagnetic wave at the interface of two "air - coating" media. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer of masking foam that can withstand multiple loads, mainly applied to the most heated surfaces, including special frames, spaced from these surfaces at some distance, forming a heat shield, and / or applied to the surfaces forming radar reflectors - “shiny points”, filling them as much as possible and, including, after giving the layer of masking foam a shape that helps reflect the incident radar wave away from reconnaissance means, reducing or eliminating the effect of the “shiny point”, and the top layer of masking foam is usually applied to the entire masked surface and, if possible, to part of the background surface, in accordance with the spots of the natural background, including taking into account the filling density of the coating with masking foam . 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that on the surface of the upper layer of the masking foam coating, a modifying layer of collapsing foam is applied, which prevents the formation of a film on its surface, in particular, the surface modification of the masking foam coating from hardening polymer foam is carried out with a modifying foam obtained from a solution of the modifying formulation containing up to 2 wt.% surfactant and water - the rest is up to 100 wt.%. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the radar additives are introduced into the solution of the foaming formulation, or into the foaming sleeve, or into the spray jet of the solution of the foaming formulation generated or applied by the masking foam coating in the form of carbon fiber segments, providing the necessary effect of attenuating the falling electromagnetic waves in accordance with calculated or experimentally obtained data on fiber consumption per unit area of coating for a given layer thickness of this coating, in particular in masking foam coating with a thickness of 2 ... 6 cm is introduced up to 15 g / m ^{2 of} chopped carbon fiber, in particular grades VPR-19SB and / or Uglen-9, and / or Uvis-Zh22, for each square meter of coverage, with the length of the lengths of the elementary fibers 10 mm and / or 16 mm. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a layer of foam is localized on the surface of the chemically hazardous substance or on the surface contaminated with this substance, localizing the evaporation of dangerous and toxic substances into the atmosphere. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower layer of masking foam is painted on the surface with masking paints or enamels, and the upper layer is painted in the volume of masking foam by introducing dyes or pigments into the solution of the foaming formulation. 7. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the volumes of the solution of the foaming formulation V _pore , l, or its component V _ki , l, necessary for applying a layer of masking foam coating with a thickness of h, m, on a masked surface with an area of S, m ² , and the mass Q, g, of carbon fiber introduced into the masking foam coating layer with an area of S, m ² , as well as the speed ν _w , m / s, of feeding the carbon fiber tow to cutting by the fiber input device during the application of the masking foam coating from the solution a foaming formulation with a volume of V _pores , l, determine according to the formulas:
$$V_{P\mathrm{about}R}=(1000Sh{P}_s)/\beta ;(\mathrm{one})$$

$$V_{\mathrm{to}i}=(1000Sh{k}_i{\rho }_{P\mathrm{about}R}{P}_s)/\beta {\rho }_{\mathrm{to}i};(2)$$

$$Q=S{q}_S=V_{P\mathrm{about}R}\beta q_S/(1000h{P}_s);(3)$$

$${\upsilon }_{\mathrm{well}}=Q/(q_{\mathrm{well}}{t}_v),(\mathrm{four})$$

where V and V _{pore Ki} - volumes of solution foamable formulation and its i-th component necessary for obtaining a layer thickness h of the foam coverage area at a density S n _of the coating can fill in the foam, L;
Q is the mass of carbon fiber introduced into the coating area S at a specific consumption q _{s of} carbon fiber, g;
ν _W - the feed rate of the carbon fiber tow to the cutting to ensure its specific consumption q _S during the time t _{v the} development of the volume V _{p the} solution of the foaming formulation, m / s;
1000 - conversion factor;
S is the area of the masking foam coating, m ² ;
h is the thickness of the layer of masking foam coating, m;
P _s = S / S _s - the filling density of the coating with foam, provided that 0 <P _s ≤1,
where to cover not having transparency, P _s = 1, ed .;
S _z - a component of the coating area S filled with foam, m ² ;
β - the ratio of masking foam, units .;
k _i - content of the i-th component in the solution (wt.% / 100%)
provided that 0 <k _i ≤1, where $${\displaystyle \sum _{\mathrm{one}}^n{k}_i=\mathrm{one,}\text{units}}.$$

n is the number of ix components in solution, ed .;
ρ _then and ρ _Ki - the density of the solution and its i-th component, kg / m ³ ;
q _S is the specific consumption of carbon fiber per unit area S of the masking foam coating, g / m ² ;
q _W - the mass of one linear meter of a bundle of carbon fiber, g / m;
t _v - time to produce volume V _pores of the formulation solution, s. 8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the carbon fiber is cut from a bundle and fed into a foaming sleeve or to spray a solution of a foaming formulation in a stream of compressed air. 9. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the contaminated masking foam is removed and disposed of together with chemically hazardous substances. 10. A mobile foam station, placed on the chassis and containing a module for producing masking foam coatings made of polyurethane foam, including a polyurethane foam spraying unit, containers for components of a foaming formulation solution, a pneumatic spray gun, a pneumatic spray gun and a hose washing system with a hydraulic gun, and the installation application of polyurethane foam at the inlet is interfaced with liquid channels, including ball valves, with containers for components of the foam-forming solution the seals, and at the outlet it is paired with flexible hoses with a pneumatic spray gun, and the compressor installation at the inlet is connected by an electric cable to the electric unit, and at the outlet by means of a pneumatic channel including a gearbox, ball valves and rubber fabric pneumatic hoses, with a pneumatic spray gun and with a pneumatic spray gun, in addition, the electric unit is connected by electric cables to the electric pump units connected to the containers for the components of the solution of the foaming formulation, looped liquid channels equipped with ball valves, as well as with a hose washing unit connected at the inlet by rubber hoses with a water tank and at the outlet with a hydraulic gun, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with:
- a module for producing masking foam coatings from water-air and hardening polymer foams, coupled at the entrance with at least one pneumatic channel, equipped with a gearbox and ball valve, with a compressor unit, as well as through four extension adapters included in the module, with four systems combining liquid channels, valves, pumps and tanks of filling stations;
- a nozzle mounted on the nozzle of a pneumatic spray gun of a polyurethane foam application unit;
- a carbon fiber input device connected at the input by an electric cable with an electric unit and a pneumatic channel, including a ball valve and a gearbox, with a compressor unit, and at the output by pneumatic channels with a nozzle mounted on a module’s pneumatic spray gun for masking foam coatings from polyurethane foam and / or, with at least one adapter extension cable for the generator of masking foam coatings of the module for producing masking foam coatings from water-air and hardening polymer foams. 11. The station of claim 10, characterized in that the washing installation is additionally equipped with a high-pressure hose articulated with a nozzle equipped with jet nozzles located at an angle to the axial line of articulation of the nozzle and high-pressure hose and directed towards this articulation, and, in in particular, secant nozzle directed in the opposite direction from the articulation. 12. The station of claim 10, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a reactor-mixer, connected by a liquid channel equipped with a ball valve, to an electric pump unit, which is connected to a component supply hose from the installation with a liquid channel equipped with ball valves and a check valve applying polyurethane foam to a pneumatic spray gun, or with a liquid feed channel for the component from the tank to the installation of applying polyurethane foam. 13. The station according to item 12, wherein the reactor-mixer contains:
- a tank equipped with fittings for introducing component “B” of the solution of the foaming formulation and returning it when the pressure in the liquid channel is unacceptably excessive, fittings for removing the component and sludge discharge located in the bottom of the tank, thermal insulation and an external heating system, in particular, containing at least at least one tape electric heater mounted on the tank;
- a rotary multi-section mixer driven by an electric motor, made on a hermetically sealed container lid and containing, in particular, a shaft with blades located in the vessel, the upper end of which is connected through a bearing strut and a coupling to the shaft of the gear motor;
- a control panel for the heating temperature of the component and the speed of the mixer, interconnected by an electric circuit with an electric heater and an electric motor of a gear motor. 14. A module for producing masking foam coatings from water-air and hardening foams, comprising a container, a pre-foaming unit, a foaming sleeve and a hose, characterized in that it further comprises a communication unit and a set of generators of masking foam coatings large and / or at least at least one set of low productivity, and each set of generators consists of at least a generator of masking foam coatings and a pre-foaming unit, each generator p foam masking coatings sequentially interfaced with the output adapter-extender penoformiruyuschim sleeve and a hose, and an air inlet conjugate and three liquid channels with the communication unit and the air-liquid passage with blocks prefoaming, wherein the communication unit comprises:
- a system of air channels, which at the inlet through the air channel, including the valve and the gearbox, is coupled to the receiver of the compressor unit, and at the output, through separate air channels, including ball valves, is coupled to each generator of masking foam coatings and to each pre-foaming unit;
- a system of liquid channels, which is connected at the inlet with an inlet pipe equipped with a ball valve, a filter and an extension adapter, which provides the connection of a liquid channel for the forced supply of urea-formaldehyde resin, and at the exit with separate liquid channels of the system, including ball valves, with each of the masking foam generators coatings;
- at least one fluid channel system, which is coupled at the inlet with an inlet pipe equipped with a ball valve, a filter and an extension adapter, which provides the connection of a liquid channel for the forced supply of a component of a solution of a foaming formulation to obtain a masking foam coating from a hardening polymer foam or a modifying solution formulations, or a solution of a foaming formulation to obtain a masking foam coating from water-air foam, and at the exit with separate liquid Alami system, including ball valves, with each of the pre-expansion units;
- a system of liquid channels, at the inlet conjugated by a liquid channel equipped with a ball valve and a non-return valve, with an electric pump dosed supply of dyes, which is connected to a container for dyes by a liquid channel equipped with a ball valve, and connected to separate liquid channels equipped with ball valves at the output , with each of the generators of masking foam coatings;
- a system of liquid channels, coupled at the inlet with an inlet pipe equipped with a ball valve, a filter and an extension adapter, which connects the liquid channel of the forced water supply, and at the outlet through ball valves connected to each of the above systems of liquid channels between the ball valves located on input and output of these systems. 15. The module according to 14, characterized in that the pre-foaming unit consists of a sealed and sequentially tightly connected to each other the inlet fitting of the aqueous solution of the foaming agent and the curing catalyst or the solution of the modifying formulation, the throttle and the housing, while the housing contains a fitting for introducing compressed air and an outlet fitting connected by an air-liquid channel to a generator of masking foam coatings, and the expansion chamber of the housing is equipped with a multilayer mesh or coiled wire and redstvom openings in the choke cavity is connected to the input nozzle of the foaming component of the formulation to produce a foam masking coating of hardenable polymeric foam or foamable solution formulation for masking the foam coating from the water-air foam, or a solution of the modifying formulation. 16. The module according to 14, characterized in that it further comprises at least one bubbler tank, while the tank bubbler is connected to the compressor unit by an air channel containing a gearbox, valves and ball valves, and the upper and / or lower part the tank is connected by at least one channel, equipped with a comb-distributor with ball valves, to each of the fittings of the necks of the generators of masking foam coatings. 17. A generator for masking foam coatings, comprising a housing equipped with fittings for introducing components of a foaming formulation, characterized in that it consists of hermetic and in series hermetically connected to each other fittings for introducing urea-formaldehyde resin, equipped with a union nut, a choke of urea-formaldehyde resin, and a plug with it fixed tube, tee, middle case and neck, while:
- the neck pipe on the outlet side is equipped with a connection element with an extension adapter and a foaming sleeve, and on the inlet side the neck pipe is paired with the middle body, and the diameters of the cavities of the neck pipe and the middle body are equal;
- the middle body is equipped with a nozzle for introducing a dye solution and a nozzle for introducing a foamed solution from the pre-foaming unit, the cavity of the middle body being isolated from the cavity of the tee;
- a tee, equipped with a nozzle for introducing compressed air into the cavity of the tee and a tube fixed in the hole at the outlet of the tee cavity, the tee tube being inserted into the cavities of the middle body and the neck pipe along their longitudinal axis, and the free section of the tee tube is perpendicular to its longitudinal the axis of the plane cutting the hole of the nozzle of the solution inlet made on the neck;
- the plug pipe is threaded through the cavities of the tee and the middle case and inserted into the cavity of the tube fixed in the tee, and the free cut of the plug pipe is located at the level of the first quarter of the neck pipe from the side of its connection with the middle case, and on the opposite side the plug pipe is connected to the nozzle cavity introducing the resin solution through the hole in the throttle. 18. The generator according to 17, characterized in that it further comprises an extension adapter, in particular equipped with a fitting. 19. A carbon fiber input device comprising a sealed container, characterized in that it further comprises a chopping unit with a drive, while inside the sealed housing of the chopping unit there is a driving drum coupled to the drive and equipped with knives, and a driven drum made of elastic material, to which, by means of a pressure roller, a carbon fiber bundle is inserted, introduced through a channel from a sealed container, inside of which there is a platform with a carbon fiber spool and a guide for the carbon fiber bundle supplied, in the cabin of the cabin of the cabin there is an air channel equipped with a ball valve and connected by means of a reducer to the receiver of the compressor unit, and on the opposite side in the body of the cabin of the cabin of the cabin there is an air channel connected to the nozzle of a pneumatic spray gun for the installation of polyurethane foam and / or at least with one generator of masking foam coatings or its extension adapter module for producing masking foam coatings from water-air and hardening polymer foams. 20. The carbon fiber input device according to claim 19, characterized in that the nozzle mounted on the nozzle of the pneumatic spray gun of the polyurethane foam spraying installation comprises a cylindrical body with an insert fixed in its front base and mounted on the opposite base of the attachment to the pneumatic spray gun, wherein the fitting for introducing carbon fiber radar additives in the air stream is located at an angle to the axis of the cylindrical body, and the insert has a conical hole, the top of the cone whose sa is located in a plane close to the cut plane of the nozzle of the spray gun. 21. The carbon fiber input device according to claim 19, characterized in that the electric motor or the pneumatic drive is used as the drive of the cutting unit, the electric motor being equipped with a gearbox and a control panel containing a biscuit switch and connected by an electric cable to the electrical unit, and the pneumatic drive is connected to the receiver of the compressor unit through two pneumatic channels, a tee, a ball valve and a gearbox, one of the pneumatic channels equipped with a ball valve, and the second pneumatic channel equipped with a ball valve and an electromagnetic valve apan. 22. A solution of a foaming formulation to obtain a masking foam coating of polyurethane foam, including, wt.%:
- component "A", containing a system of components SK-Rialon: 1) polyol (polyester reagent A2-realon) 44,4 2) activator (cremin) 5,6 - component "B" - polyisocyanate fifty,
characterized in that it as a filler contains up to 15 g of carbon fiber per square meter of the resulting masking foam coating with a thickness of 2 ... 4 cm with a length of segments of elementary fibers of 10 mm and / or 16 mm 23. A solution of a foaming formulation to obtain a masking foam coating from a hardening polymer foam, including, wt.%: Urea-formaldehyde resin - 20 ... 50, surfactant - 1 ... 5, curing catalyst - 1 ... 5, filler and water - the rest to 100, characterized in that it as a filler contains up to 15 g / m ² carbon fiber per square meter of the resulting masking foam coating with a thickness of 2 ... 6 cm with a length of segments of elementary fibers of 10 mm and / or 16 mm 24. The solution according to claim 23, characterized in that it further comprises degassing and deactivating additives, in particular the sodium salt of dichloroisocyanic acid - 0.5 ... 0.6 wt.%. 25. The solution according to p. 23, characterized in that it further comprises: or dyes of the brands: sovelan yellow M, sovelan black M, sovelan dark brown and acid bright blue anthraquinone; or acid dyes of the brands: dye yellow 2K, dye black, dye brown KM, dye blue K, with the following ratio of wt.% dye to the volume of the foaming solution for staining the masking ionic coating:
- in dark green color:
or 1) yellow M 0.32 2) sovelanny black M 0.14 3) acid bright blue anthraquinone 0.02 or 1) dye yellow 2K 0.14 2) dye black 0.05 3) dye brown KM 0.13 4) dye blue K 0.08
- in gray-brown color:
1) yellow M 0.16 2) sovelanny black M 0.15 3) is made dark brown 0.26 4) acid bright blue anthraquinone 0.04 or 1) dye yellow 2K 0.05 2) dye black 0.01 3) dye brown KM 0.32 4) dye blue K 0.02 26. The solution for modifying the surface of a masking foam coating of hardening polymer foam contains a surfactant - up to 2 wt.% And water - the rest up to 100 wt.%. 27. A solution of a foaming formulation to obtain a masking foam coating of water-air foam, including, wt.%: Surfactant - 1 ... 5, filler and water - the rest, characterized in that it contains up to 15 g of carbon as a filler fiber per square meter of the resulting masking foam coating with a thickness of 2 ... 4 cm with a length of segments of elementary fibers of 10 mm and / or 16 mm, and / or a foam stabilizer, in particular, wt.%:
- or urea-formaldehyde resin up to 5 - or hydroxyethyl cellulose 1 ... 2 - or polyvinyl alcohol 1 ... 2 28. The solution according to item 27, characterized in that it additionally contains up to 2 wt.% Dry powder of hydrophilic dye, in particular, to obtain a coating painted in the volume of foam under a sand background, it contains 0.05 ... 0.2 wt .% of chrysoidine, and under the background of a lively plant - mixture, with a ratio of dry powder, wt.%: chrysoidine - 0.05 ... 0.6, methylene blue dye - 0.05 ... 0.2.

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