RU2487792C2 - Compositions and methods of reconditioning plastic caps and lenses - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: set of invention relates to appliances and method for recovery of optical properties, i.e. optical translucence and transmission, of plastic surface damaged by mechanical effects, oxidation or UV radiation. In compliance with first version, set of said appliances includes, at least, one polishing composition comprising grinding abrasive with grain size of 50 mcm to 400 mcm dispersed in liquid of gel-like carrier, at least, one composition for glazing comprising glazing abrasive with grin size of 10 mcm to 60 mcm dispersed in liquid or gel-like carrier, and, at least, one anti-UV composition to be applied on plastic surface finshed by aforesaid polishing and glazing compositions. In compliance with second version, set of appliances comprises, at least, one abrasive composition and, at least, one anti-UV composition. Note here that abrasive particles include agglomerates destructed or reshaped at mechanical effects or oxygen attack in polishing or glazing.

EFFECT: recovery of optical properties, ie optical translucence and transmission, of plastic surface, longer life.

20 cl, 2 dwg, 9 tbl, 9 ex

Description

CROSS REFERENCE WITH RELATED APPLICATIONS FOR THE INVENTION

Not applicable.

BACKGROUND

1. The technical field to which the invention relates.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for removing scratches and oxidative damage from plastic coatings and optical products. Especially the present invention is applicable to restore transparency and light transmission of plastic headlamp caps, optical lenses, other plastic surfaces and to prevent possible damage caused by scratches and oxidation.

2. Existing technology

Plastic materials have largely replaced glass as an optically transparent coating for automotive headlight caps. A typical plastic headlamp cap is made by molding plastic polycarbonate, which is given an aerodynamic shape that repeats the profile of the front of the car.

Plastics are superior to glass in many ways. Plastics are lighter than glass and at the same time have similar transparency, they are more flexible and able to withstand small influences, at the same time it is much less likely to destroy them under high loads. In addition, plastics are easily molded into various aerodynamic forms, which are more compatible with modern automotive design.

However, plastics have a number of disadvantages. For example, they are prone to scratching and oxidative damage caused by UV radiation. Although headlamp plastic caps are usually coated to protect against scratches and UV damage, such coatings do not provide 100% protection over time. For example, road particles and other solid abrasive substances can pass through the protective coating and cause a scratch that degrades the optical properties of the plastic. In addition to the physical deterioration of the optical properties of the coating, scratches lead to many other reasons that can damage plastics. For example, scratches (after washing and cleaning the surface) that pass through the protective coating can expose the plastic surface to exhaust emissions and chemicals in the form of acid rain. Scratches that pass through the UV protective coating also allow UV exposure and / or oxygen to penetrate the plastic surface, causing oxidative damage to the plastic. In addition, heating the coating under the influence of high light intensity of the headlights can cause scratches to shrink and expand, allowing UV exposure and / or oxygen to penetrate more to the plastic surface. Plastic headlight caps can become almost dull, reducing the light output or light output if these processes are left unattended for a long time. This naturally creates a safety problem due to a decrease in the luminous flux of the headlamp and its efficiency.

Replacing headlamp caps that were badly damaged by scratches and / or oxidation is the only option for car owners. However, the cost of replacing a plastic cap is too high for many car owners. For example, the usual price of replacing headlamp caps can fluctuate, somewhere between $ 200 and $ 500 per headlamp, not counting the installation work.

There are drugs available that offer plastic headlight caps restoration. However, most of these products use harsh cleaners, cheap waxes and polishes for metal surfaces, for other uses, or are difficult to use. These products can be very harmful to the fragile plastic clear headlamps. In addition, whatever the benefits of using these drugs, their validity is short, and then uncoated transparent caps for headlights will quickly crack and again be exposed to the environment.

One example of a tool that has been used to remove scratches on the plastic system is called Micro-Mesh ^TM. Another is Permatex, which used a sandpaper. The Micro-Mesh ^{TM system} removes scratches from plastic by applying a series of skins - rubber base, fabric with an applied abrasive of various grain sizes on top. At the first stage, a skin with an abrasive particle size of 2,400 grit is used. In subsequent stages, a skin with a smaller abrasive particle size of not more than 12,000 grit is used. In addition, after finishing polishing using a rubber-based skin, a small amount of antistatic cream is applied to the surface.

Micro-Mesh ^TM system, however, has many drawbacks. One disadvantage of the use of Micro-Mesh ^TM system is the fact that most of the surface of the plastic to be tipped sandpaper to remove even the tiniest scratch. That is, it is necessary to remove a sufficient amount of the surface of the plastic, at least equal to the depth of the scratch. In addition, a significant surface of the plastic must be removed to avoid optical distortion of the plastic around the scratch removal site. To avoid optical distortion, the user must have a high level of skill and patience, which take a lot of time to learn. In addition, repeated scratch removal, when using this system, will greatly reduce the thickness of the plastic and worsen its desired protective properties. Another disadvantage of the Micro-Mesh ^TM system is that the polishing cloth takes a large amount of time it takes to perform each of the operations of grinding different types of skins. Another drawback of Micro-Mesh ^TM system is that when grinding sandpaper extensive grinding surface removes the UV protective coating of plastic along with scratches.

Other products use varnishes, such as waterproof acrylate varnish, to completely fill and cover the scratches on the plastic headlamp cap. These products are easy and quick to apply, but most importantly, they do not repair plastic. A layer of varnish merely covers the scratch and the effects of oxidation and does nothing to repair the underlying damage on the plastic. Typically, varnishes and paint do not adhere well to plastic, and the varnish is likely to peel off in a short time. In addition, if the reflection index of the varnish coating differs from the reflection index of the base plastic, then each area of the filled scratches will work as a micro lens that scatters the light from the headlamp. Despite the fact that the headlight may look better after applying the varnish coating, in fact, the varnish will not restore the optical properties of the coating.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention encompasses new compositions and methods for restoring transparency and light transmission of a plastic surface that has been damaged by scratching and exposure to ultraviolet oxidation. It was found that such defects or imperfections in the surface of the plastic can be removed by applying to the surface of the plastics described herein, reducing compositions. The compositions may include, for example, one or more polishing compositions to remove scratches and oxidation effects from the surface of plastics, one or more polishing compositions to further finish and polish the plastics surface and restore gloss, and one or more compositions to restore the UV protection of the plastic surface . The restoration of the plastic surface according to the present invention will provide long-lasting transparency, transmission of light and the application of a UV protective coating.

Polishing compositions include abrasive materials with an initial grain size in the range of about 50 microns to 400 microns, preferably in the range of about 60 microns to 300 microns, and more preferably in the range of about 70 microns to 200 microns, and most preferably from 75 microns to 150 micron. For medium abrasive particles of a polishing composition, the initial grit is about 50-100 microns, preferably about 60-90 microns, and for large abrasive particles of a polishing composition, the initial grit is in the range of about 80-200 microns, preferably about 100-150 microns. The abrasive material is dispersed in the intended carrier, suitable for the preparation of polishing compositions. According to one embodiment, the abrasive in the polishing composition includes abrasive particles that break down to smaller sizes (for example, up to about 10-50 microns, preferably about 15-45 microns, more preferably about 20-40 microns, and most preferably about 25-35 microns) when they are oxidized and mechanically exposed during the polishing process. Before use, polishing compositions are preferably made and stored under conditions providing for the absence of oxygen (for example, in an atmosphere of inert nitrogen).

Gloss compositions include abrasive materials having an initial grain size in the range of 10 microns to 60 microns, preferably in the range of about 15 microns to 50 microns, more preferably in the range of about 20 microns to 45 microns, and most preferably in the range of about 25 microns up to 40 microns. The light gloss composition has an initial grain size in the range of about 20-60 microns, preferably about 25-55 microns. The finished gloss composition has an initial grain size of about 10-50 microns, preferably about 15-40 microns. The abrasive material is dispersed in a suitable carrier suitable for use in the preparation of high-quality polishing compositions. According to one embodiment, the abrasive material includes abrasive particles that break down to smaller sizes (for example, about 1-20 microns, preferably about 2-15 microns, more preferably about 2.5-10 microns and most preferably about 3-8 microns ) when they are subjected to oxidative and mechanical stress during the polishing process. Before use, the gloss formulations are preferably made and stored under conditions providing for the absence of oxygen (for example, in an atmosphere of inert nitrogen).

The abrasives of polishing and glossing compositions are preferably dispersed in a suitable liquid or gel-like carrier known in the manufacture of polishing materials. Typical carriers may include solvents such as water and / or an organic solvent, thickeners, emulsifiers, colorants and the like.

According to one embodiment, the abrasive particles in the polishing and / or glossing compositions are in the form of agglomerates having, during storage under conditions of a practical lack of oxygen, a certain initial size, which, when exposed to oxygen or to a mechanical effect during polishing and / or glossing, gradually collapse into particles with a practically smaller size. Agglomerates gradually break down into smaller particles, with a final grain size of less than about 75% of the original size. Preferably, the agglomerates break down into smaller particles having a final grain size of less than about 50% of the original size, more preferably less than about 33% of the original size, and most preferably less than about 20% of the original size.

UV protective composition includes a UV protective compound dispersed in a carrier containing a solvent which, when polished with a plastic surface composition, successfully causes the UV protective compound to effectively bond or merge with the plastic surface. As a result, the UV protective composition becomes solid on the surface of the plastic, smooth and optically transparent. The UV protective coating may optionally include a polymerizable compound that helps the coating form a bond with the prepared surface of the plastic. It is theoretically assumed that the polishing composition and the composition for glossing can help in preparing the surface of the plastic in order to obtain and form a strong bond with the UV protective coating.

The polishing composition and gloss composition of the invention can be used in the usual way as traditional polishing compositions, although the results of their use are much better than traditional polishing compositions. A typical apparatus for applying polishing compositions and compositions for glossing the invention includes a portable polishing wheel or polishing machine, such as rotary, orbital; cordless drills or vibration polishers, or a polyurethane polishing cloth with an open cell and fiberglass inserted into it. For smaller scratches, it may be advantageous to use open cell polyurethane wipes or soft cotton cloths. The compositions of the invention are compatible with existing polishing systems currently in use, but they are more effective and their results are more durable.

Almost any type of polishing cloth can work with the compositions of the present invention, including the aforementioned open-cell polyurethane material and cotton pads. Wool, linen, hard polyurethane, glass wool and most other natural or synthetic materials work well. The only limitations are that the polishing cloth or fabric must be strong enough to withstand the mechanical effects of the polishing process, so that their stability is commensurate with the difficulty of the job and that their components are not so hard as to scratch the plastic surface or heat it make it burn or melt.

According to one embodiment, the invention includes a kit of accessories for restoring light transmission and transparency to a scratched and / or oxidized plastic surface. The accessory kit includes at least one polishing composition for removing scratches, oxidative damage and damaged UV protective coating of the plastic surface, at least one glossing composition for restoring the gloss and optical transparency of the plastic surface after applying the polishing composition and at least One UV protective compound to be applied to the surface of the plastic after applying the gloss compound. The accessory kit may optionally include other components, such as one or more surface cleaning fabrics and / or polishing and polishing compositions prior to applying the UV protective composition, and one or more polishing skins or polishing cloths or fabrics (for example, two polishing cloths coated with polyurethane with a mesh open cell, with fiberglass inserted into them).

In one embodiment, the invention includes a method for restoring the light transmission and transparency of scratched and / or oxidized plastic surfaces. The method is intended to enable a person skilled in the art to repair essentially any plastic surface, including, but not limited to, plastic headlight caps, other automotive plastic headlight caps, plastic sunscreen lenses and plastic eye correction lenses.

A typical method according to the invention includes (1) applying a polishing composition to a polishing cloth or cloth, and removing scratches and oxidation effects from a plastic surface using a polishing composition, polishing cloth or cloth, (2) applying a gloss composition to the same or different a polishing cloth or cloth, and restoring the gloss and optical transparency of the headlights using a gloss compound, a polishing cloth or cloth, (3) cleaning the surface of the plastic to remove any residual poly ovochnogo composition and the composition for polishing, and (4) applying a UV protective composition to the surface of plastic. In one embodiment, fiberglass is introduced into an open cell polyurethane polishing cloth. These and other advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description and the appended claims, or may be studied by applying the invention, as set forth below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To further clarify the above and other advantages and features of the present invention, a more detailed description of the invention will be presented with reference to specific embodiments that will be explained in the accompanying drawings. It is understood that the drawings take into account only typical embodiments of the invention and should therefore not be construed as limiting their scope. The invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and in detail using the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 describes a profilometric scan of a typical plastic headlamp cap, showing undamaged and scratched areas and a surface area restored according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

Figure 2 is a flow diagram of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

1. Introduction and description

The present invention extends to compositions and methods designed to restore the transparency and light transmission properties of a plastic headlamp cap. In particular, the present invention encompasses new compositions and methods selected for restoring the transparency and light transmission properties of a surface that has been damaged by scratching and ultraviolet radiation. It has been found that such defects or cracks on the surface of the plastic can be removed by applying to the plastic surface the reducing compounds described herein. Compositions may include, for example, compositions for removing scratches and oxidation effects from a plastic surface, as well as polishing compositions, glossing compositions and compositions for reapplying an ultraviolet protective coating to a plastic surface. The compositions and methods described herein provide for the restoration of a damaged plastic surface using abrasives and polishes. The compositions and methods described herein further include compositions for re-applying a UV protective coating. The reconstructed plastic surface according to the present invention provides long-term transparency, light transmission and an outer coating.

As used herein, the term “plastic headlamp cap” refers to the molded plastic headlamp caps on the latest car models. These plastic headlight caps, which are usually made of polycarbonate, are installed on all modern cars because they are usually stronger than glass ones; plastics can be easily molded into various aerodynamic forms that fit seamlessly into the front of the car.

Obviously, there are many plastic surfaces that can be repaired according to the compositions and methods described here. The methods and accessory kits described herein are designed to allow the user to effectively repair any plastic surface that has been damaged by scratching and / or ultraviolet oxidation.

Figure 1 depicts a profilometric scan of a typical plastic surface, showing undamaged and scratched areas, and the area restored according to a variant implementation of the present invention. Profilometry is a method by which surface irregularities are detected during through scanning of it with a probe. The X axis of a typical profilometric image, as shown in FIG. 1, shows the linear distance examined by scanning the surface with a probe. In this case, the X axis of Figure 1 shows that the sensing collected data from a linear distance of approximately 10,000 microns or about 1 cm. On the Y axis of the profilometric scan, the value of any irregularities is usually recorded when the probe linearly moves along the scanned surface. In this case, surface irregularities are scratches on the surface of the plastic.

To prepare the surface of the plastic headlamp cap shown in Figure 1, some parts of it were covered with adhesive tape to keep the surface intact, while other surfaces were scratched and then restored. The uncoated portion of the surface was completely scratched with a coarse sandpaper (80 grit) to simulate scratches and UV damage that occur on the plastic headlamp for a long time. Some parts of the scratched surface were then covered with masking tape to preserve a sample of the damaged surface. The exposed damaged surface area was then repaired using the equipment and methods described herein.

The scan chart depicted in Figure 1 shows undamaged 10, damaged 12, and restored 14 surface areas. The undamaged portion 10, which is located on the X axis, and is approximately 0 microns to 1000 microns, shows an almost flat surface, indicated by a dotted line at Y = 0 microns. In contrast, the damaged portion of the surface 12, which is located on the X axis and is approximately 1000 microns to 7500 microns, shows a wavy surface profile, indicating a lot of scratches. In contrast, the reconstructed portion 14, which is located on the X axis and is approximately 7,500 microns to 10,000, was reconstructed according to the methods of the present invention. The restored portion 14 has a substantially larger normal profile relative to the damaged portion 12. Although the surface of the restored portion 14 is not ideal, it is much better than the scratched surface observed in portion 12.

Comparing the undamaged portion 10 with the reconstructed portion 14 in Figure 1, it can be taken into account that the restoration process tends to remove the thickness of the material from the surface of the plastic of only about 30 microns or about three hundredths of a millimeter. This is a very small amount of material, especially taking into account that the headlight cap is a few millimeters thick. The plastic surface is restored according to the present invention, with such a small amount of material removed, because the compositions of the invention remove scratches and / or oxidation from the plastic surface without creating additional scratches that would have to be removed with finer-grained abrasives. It is believed that the compositions of the present invention are also able to penetrate large scratches and transform them so that the depth of the treated area of the v-shape can be transformed into a shallow u-shaped shape of the recess.

The polishing and gloss compositions of the present invention can be applied in the same way as any polishing composition, although the results are much better than any of the previous industrial compositions currently available. In the present preferred method, polishing compositions are used to remove scratches from the plastic headlamp caps and other plastic surfaces using conventional hand-polishing methods around the circle or using polishing machines such as rotary, orbital or vibration polishing machines using an open-cell polyurethane polishing cloth with fiberglass introduced into it. For smaller scratches, it may be preferable to use formulations using an open cell polyurethane polishing cloth or using a soft cotton cloth. Finally, the compositions of the present invention are compatible with existing polishing compositions currently in use, but lead to better results.

You must understand that almost any type of polishing cloth will work with the compositions of the present invention, including the aforementioned open-cell polyurethane material and cotton pads. Work well: sheep’s wool, linen, hard polyurethane, fiberglass and most other natural and synthetic materials. The only limitations are that the polishing cloth or fabric must be strong enough to withstand the mechanical effects of the polishing process and that their stability is commensurate with the difficulty of this work, and that their constituent materials are not so hard as to scratch the plastic surface or by heating it make it burn or melt.

II. TYPICAL ACCESSORIES KITS FOR RESTORING PLASTIC SURFACE

In one embodiment, the present invention includes an accessory kit for restoring optical transparency and light transmission properties of a plastic surface damaged by scratching and / or the oxidative effects of UV. The accessory kit includes at least one polishing composition designed to quickly remove scratches and oxidation effects from the plastic surface, optionally at least one glossing composition for finalizing the plastic surface and at least one UV protective composition.

Polishing compositions include an abrasive material having an initial grain size of the abrasive particles in the range of about 50 microns to 400 microns, preferably in the range of 60 microns to 300 microns, more preferably in the range of 70 microns to 200 microns, and most preferably in the range of about 75 microns up to 150 microns.

The polishing abrasive may be a “heavy abrasive” or a “medium abrasive”. For heavy polishing abrasives, the initial grit is approximately 80-200 microns, preferably about 100-150 microns. For medium polishing abrasives, the initial grit is about 50-100 microns, preferably about 60-90 microns.

The polishing abrasive is dispersed predominantly in a suitable liquid or gel carrier suitable for use in polishing compositions. Typical carriers may include solvents such as water and / or organic solvents, thickeners, emulsifiers, colorants, and the like.

In one embodiment, the abrasive material includes abrasive particles that gradually break down into particles with a smaller grain size. According to one embodiment, the polishing abrasive breaks down to particles of about 10-50 microns, preferably about 15-45 microns, more preferably about 20-40 microns, most preferably about 25-35 microns, by oxidative or mechanical action during the polishing process. Prior to use, polishing compositions are preferably made and stored under conditions of complete absence of oxygen (for example, in an atmosphere of inert nitrogen).

Obviously, this effect produces a polishing compound that becomes gradually thinner during use. This is an advantage when everyone believes that typical polishing techniques include applying a series of increasingly thinner abrasives to remove scratches left by the previous abrasive. The polishing composition of the present invention was made mainly in order to avoid the use of several polishing compositions to obtain the final polished surface, which, due to the fact that the abrasive particles gradually become thinner as the process continues, replaces the use of many polishing stages in one step.

The accessory kit may include at least one glossing composition included to fully restore the optical transparency and light transmission properties of the plastic surface after using the polishing composition. Gloss compositions include abrasive materials having an initial grain size in the range of about 10 microns to 60 microns, preferably in the range of about 15 microns to 50 microns, more preferably in the range of about 20 microns to 45 microns, and most preferably in the range of about 25 microns up to 40 microns.

The gloss abrasive may be a “light abrasive” or a “thin abrasive”. In light polishing abrasives, the initial grain size is from about 20-60 microns, preferably about 25-55 microns. For a fine polishing abrasive, the initial grit is about 10-50 microns, preferably about 15-40 microns. The gloss abrasive is dispersed predominantly in a suitable liquid or gel carrier suitable for use in polishing and / or final finishing compositions. Typical carriers may include solvents such as water and / or organic solvents, thickeners, emulsifiers, colorants, and the like.

In one embodiment, the glossing composition comprises abrasive particles that gradually disintegrate into particles with a smaller grain size when oxidized or mechanically exposed during the glossing process. According to one embodiment, the gloss abrasive breaks down to a grain size of about 1-20 microns, preferably about 2-15 microns, more preferably about 2.5-10 microns, and most preferably about 3-8 microns during mechanical and oxidative attack during the gloss process . Prior to use, the gloss formulations are predominantly made and stored under conditions of complete absence of oxygen (for example, in an atmosphere of inert nitrogen).

Obviously, this effect produces a gloss composition that gradually becomes thinner during use. This is a great advantage when everyone believes that typical end technologies include the use of a series of increasingly thinner abrasives to remove the scratches left by the previous abrasive. The gloss composition of the present invention was made primarily in order to avoid the use of several gloss compositions to produce a final gloss surface, which, due to the fact that the abrasive particles gradually become thinner as the process continues, replaces the use of many stages of gloss in one step.

According to one embodiment, the starting abrasive particles in the polishing composition and / or the composition for glossing are in the form of agglomerates when stored in the absence of oxygen, but gradually break down into particles with a smaller final size during mechanical and oxidative attack during the polishing process and / or the glossing process . Agglomerates are predominantly broken down into smaller particles having a final grain size of approximately less than 75% of the original particle size. Preferably, the agglomerates break down into particles having a final grain size of less than 50% of the original particle size, more preferably, less than about 33% of the original particle size, and most preferably less than about 20% of the original particle size.

The accessory kit includes at least one composition for applying a UV protective coating to the plastic surface after applying the polishing composition and the gloss composition. Unfortunately, the process of restoring a plastic surface with the above set of accessories, as a rule, actually removes the factory-applied UV protective coating from the plastic surface. Without a protective coating, the surface would quickly deteriorate due to scratching and UV oxidation. The UV protective composition comprises a UV protective compound dispersed in a carrier containing a solvent that successfully causes the UV protective composition to effectively bond or merge with the plastic surface during polishing. The result is a cured, smooth, optically transparent UV protective coating on a plastic surface. The UV protective coating may optionally include a polymerizable material that helps bond the coating to the prepared plastic surface. It is believed that the polishing composition and the glossing composition can help prepare the plastic surface in obtaining and forming a strong bond with the UV protective coating by activating the surface and forming contact areas where the protective composition can form physical and chemical bonds with the plastic surface.

In the past, high optical quality transparent protective coatings for UV protection were obtained on plastic surfaces by rotation and immersion coating followed by polishing. The UV protective compositions of the invention allow the use of a low application temperature (T <130ºF), which is achieved by chemical dispersion of the UV protective compound in a solvent carrier that promotes the formation of a UV protective coating on the lenses of the headlights, similar to the way it was made in the original manufacturing process. It is believed that the solid particles in the coating are formed from transparent and UV-resistant nano particles that combine into large particles using a polymerizable compound. This causes deposition of UV protective particles in the form of a single thick layer (> 400 nm). Visibility is high T ~ 87%, abrasion resistance according to DIN 58-196-G10 and hardness according to ASTM D 3363-92a is 1H. The applied process allows for anti-glare coatings to set gloss from 60 to 80 GU (gloss unit) and optical resolution> 8 lines / mm.

The accessory kit may include at least one polishing cloth or polishing cloth for use with a polishing composition and a glossing composition on a plastic surface. A polishing cloth or polishing cloth can be used manually or they can be attached to a drill or polishing machine. In one embodiment, fiberglass is introduced into a polishing cloth or polishing cloth to enhance the effect of the polishing composition and the glossing composition. It is believed that glass fibers enhance the effect of the polishing composition and the glossing composition by penetrating deep into the scratches or “reaching the bottom of the scratches” so that deep scratches are transformed from deep v-shaped cuts to small u-shaped depressions. By transforming the surface, glass fibers allow some scratches to be repaired without removing a layer of plastic from the plastic surface equal to the depth of the deepest scratch.

III. TYPICAL METHODS FOR RESTORING A PLASTIC SURFACE.

In one embodiment, the present invention includes a method for restoring the light transmittance and transparency of a scratched and / or oxidized plastic surface. The method is being developed in order to allow a person skilled in the art to repair essentially any plastic surface, including, but not limited to, plastic headlight caps, other automotive plastic headlight caps, plastic sunscreen lenses, and plastic correction lenses. A typical method according to the invention includes: (1) applying a polishing composition to a polishing cloth or cloth, removing scratches and oxidation effects from a plastic surface using a polishing composition and polishing cloths or cloths, (2) applying a glossing composition to the same or different polishing cloth or cloth and restoring the gloss and optical transparency of the headlights using a gloss compound, polishing cloth or cloth, (3) cleaning the surface of the plastic to remove any polish residue cing compositions and formulations for polishing, and (4) applying a UV protective composition to the surface of plastic. In one embodiment, fiberglass is introduced into an open cell polishing cloth.

Figure 2 shows a flowchart of a manufacturing process 20 of one embodiment of a method for recovering substantially any type of plastic surface that is damaged by scratching and / or UV oxidation. The flowchart of the manufacturing process 20 starts at 22 and ends at 40. In one embodiment, the method includes applying a polishing composition to a polyurethane polishing cloth with an open cell 24. The polishing composition and polishing cloth are used to polish and remove scratches and the effects of oxidative damage from plastic surfaces 26. In one embodiment, glass fibers may be incorporated into an open cell polyurethane polishing cloth. It is believed that the polishing composition and fiberglass are able to penetrate into scratches or reach the bottom of large scratches on a plastic surface and convert scratches from a deep v-shaped notch to a shallow u-shaped. It is this property of the polishing system that allows you to remove large scratches without removing the layer of plastic equal to the depth of the deepest scratch.

A polishing cloth and polishing composition can be used to polish and remove scratches and oxidative damage from a plastic surface by attaching a polishing cloth to a traditional hand polishing wheel or polishing machine. Alternatively, a polishing cloth can be used manually with the first abrasive to polish and remove scratches and the effects of oxidative damage from the plastic surface. The plastic surface may, if necessary, be washed 28 in order to wash away the dirt and / or plastic residue and provide lubrication between the plastic surface, the polishing cloth and the polishing composition.

Obviously, this effect produces a polishing compound that becomes gradually thinner during use. This is a big advantage, given that typical final finishing compositions include the use of a series of increasingly thinner abrasives to remove the scratches left by the previous abrasive. The polishing composition of the present invention is mainly made in order to avoid the use of several polishing compositions to obtain the final polished surface, which combines many polishing stages in one step, due to the fact that the abrasive particles gradually become thinner as the polishing process continues.

In one embodiment, the method comprises applying a gloss composition to a polyurethane polishing cloth with an open cell 30. The gloss composition and polishing cloth are used to restore the light power and gloss of the plastic surface 32. The polishing cloth and the gloss composition can be used to restore gloss plastic surface by attaching a polishing cloth to a cordless drill, air and electric hand grinder or polisher. Alternatively, a polishing cloth may be used manually with a gloss composition to restore the gloss of the plastic surface. The plastic surface may be washed 34 as needed to wash away dirt and / or plastic residue and provide lubrication between the plastic surface, the polishing cloth and the gloss composition. Obviously, this effect produces a gloss composition that gradually becomes thinner during use. This is a big advantage, given that typical glossing methods include the use of a series of increasingly thinner abrasives to remove the scratches left by the previous abrasive. The composition of the present invention was made mainly in order to avoid the use of several gloss compositions to obtain a final glossy surface, which, due to the fact that the abrasive particles gradually become thinner as the process continues, replaces the use of many stages of glossing in one step.

In one embodiment, the method includes cleaning the plastic surface from polishing residues and from signs of shine restoration 36. The cleaning can be carried out by spraying water or with a damp cloth. As a general rule, the cleaning step should be carried out carefully to avoid scratching the plastic surface. In addition, the cleaning step must be carried out with utmost care to remove all polishing residues and restore gloss before applying a UV protective coating.

In one embodiment, the method includes the step of applying the UV protective composition to the plastic surface 38. Typically, the UV protective coating applied at the factory is removed during polishing and the gloss of the plastic surface is restored. If UV protective coating is not immediately applied, then the influence of external conditions on the body elements would quickly worsen the plastic surface and the restoration results would be lost.

In one embodiment, the ultraviolet protective composition comprises at least one solvent that promotes the formation of a coating on the plastic surface, at least one polymer or a polymerizable compound, which forms a solid, transparent coating on the plastic surface and at least , one UV protective compound that protects the plastic surface from future damage caused by UV radiation.

In one embodiment, the solvent in the UV protective composition comprises at least one ether compound. As an alternative embodiment, the solvent is alcohol. When the ester is a basic solvent, the content of the ester compound is preferably from about 1% to 20% UV protective composition, calculated on the basis of weight / weight. More preferably, the content of the ether compound is from about 5% to 15%, and most preferably, from about 8-12%. When the alcohol is a basic solvent, its content is preferably from about 70% to 98% UV protective composition, calculated on the basis of weight / weight. More preferably, the alcohol content is from about 80% to 95% UV protective composition. Most preferably, the alcohol content is from about 87% to 93%. Typical ester compounds include dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether. Typical alcohols include isopropyl alcohol. The solvent may also consist of a mixture of alcohol and ether, without departing from the purpose of the invention.

In one embodiment, the polymer or polymerizable compound that forms a hard, transparent coating on a plastic surface includes at least one dispersion of an acrylic-urethane hybrid polymer. Typical acrylic-urethane hybrid polymer dispersions include Hybridur 570 ™ and Hybridur 580 ™, which are available from Air Products and Chemical, Inc. Hybridur 570 ™ and Hybridur 580 ™ and can be used individually or in combination. Preferably, the Hybridur 570 ™ comprises from about 40% to 65% of the UV protective composition calculated on a weight / weight basis. More preferably, the Hybridur 570 ™ comprises from about 45% to 60% of the UV protective composition calculated on a weight / weight basis. Most preferably, the Hybridur 570 ™ comprises from about 50% to 55% of the UV protective composition calculated on a weight / weight basis. Preferably, the Hybridur 580 ™ comprises from about 10% to 35% of the UV protective composition calculated on a weight / weight basis. More preferably, the Hybridur 580 comprises from about 15% to 30% of the UV protective composition calculated on a weight / weight basis. Most preferably, the Hybridur 580 comprises about 20% to 25% of the UV protective composition calculated on a weight / weight basis.

In another embodiment, a polymer or polymerizable compound that forms a hard, transparent coating on a plastic surface includes at least one acrylic polymer. A typical acrylic polymer is Elvacite 2776 ™, which is available from Lucite International. Preferably, Elvacite 2776 ™ comprises from about 0.5% to 10% of the UV protective composition calculated on a weight / weight basis. More preferably, Elvacite 2776 ™ comprises from about 1% to 8% of an ultraviolet protective composition calculated on a weight / weight basis. Most preferably, Elvacite 2776 ™ comprises from about 2% to 5% of an ultraviolet protective composition calculated on a weight / weight basis.

The ultraviolet protective coating includes at least one ultraviolet protective compound for protecting the plastic surface from damage caused by UV radiation. Typical ultraviolet protective compounds are unbound amine compounds such as Tinuvin 384 ™ and Tinuvin 292 ™, which are available from Ciba, benzophenones, benzotriazoles, hydroxyphenyltriazines and hydroxyphenylbenzotriazoles. Preferably, the ultraviolet protective compound or compounds comprise from about 0.01% to 1% of the ultraviolet protective coating calculated on the basis of the weight / weight. More preferably, the ultraviolet protective compound or compounds comprise from about 0.05% to 0.5% of the ultraviolet protective coating calculated on the basis of the weight / weight. Most preferably, the ultraviolet protective compound or compounds comprise from about 0.1% to 0.3% of the ultraviolet protective coating calculated on the basis of the weight / weight.

Additional ingredients that may be included in the UV protective composition include surfactants to improve coating uniformity, plasticizers to increase coating durability, and antifoam agents to prevent air bubbles from forming in the UV protective coating that is applied to the plastic surface. Typical surfactants include siloxane-modified polyester such as BYK-345 ™, BYK-346 ™, BYK-347 ™, BYK-348 ™, BYK-349 ™, which are available from BYK Chemie, Inc, and sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate , which is available from Cytec. Typical plasticizers include citric acid derivatives such as triethyl citrate, acetyl triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, acetyl tributyl citrate and tri- (2-ethylhexyl) citrate. Typical antifoam agents include Surfynol ™, a range of chemicals available from Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

EXAMPLES OF SPECIFIC RECIPES

The following are examples of compositions and methods that are created according to the present invention.

EXAMPLE 1

The average abrasive polishing composition in accordance with the present invention was made according to the following recipe.

% wt./weight. Hard abrasive material 30,0 Propylene glycol 5,0 Carboxymethyl cellulose 1,0 Ethylene / Propylene Oxide 2,5 Block copolymer of oxide Fragrance 98164 0.2 1- (3-chloroallyl) -3,5,7-triase-1-azoniaadamantane chloride 0.2

A sufficient amount of deionized water was added to bring the total volume to 100% (w / w).

The composition was prepared, packaged, and stored in a virtually oxygen-free place. For example, the dry ingredient was added to the mixer. Then the dry ingredients and the mixer were evacuated until all oxygen was removed from the dry ingredients. An inert gas such as nitrogen was added to the mixer, liquid ingredients were added and the composition was mixed. Then the composition was packaged in a practically oxygen-free place.

It is believed that the manufacture and packaging of the composition in the absence of oxygen allows the abrasive particles to aggregate into large particles. It is assumed that this aggregation occurs in a place practically free of oxygen, because the absence of oxygen changes the electrical properties of the surface of abrasive particles. A person with ordinary technical skills will appreciate that this aggregation changes gradually when abrasive particles undergo mechanical and oxidative stress during the polishing process.

This formulation, which is a viscous liquid creamy consistency, was a colored cream. In this and other examples, coconut perfume was added only for aesthetic purposes and it should be understood that the perfume could not be introduced or replaced without changing the effectiveness of the polishing composition. This formulation is widely used to remove scratches from plastic surfaces. At the moment, this formulation is the preferred composition for the initial version of polishing, removing scratches and the effects of oxidation from plastic headlamps.

A heavy abrasive compound in accordance with this example could also be useful for initial processing in the restoration and repair of plastic materials such as plastic windows, plastic or acrylic furniture, plastic face masks, light strips on police vehicles, lifts or gondolas, facades of posters and for many other uses.

Although the formulation proposed above is currently preferred, it should be understood that various changes can be made without departing from the main directions of the present invention. In this example, the solid polishing material may include a mixture of silica powder, silica, and calcined alumina. The particle size of the polishing materials ranged from about 50 microns to 400 microns. Although it is preferred that the total abrasive content is approximately 23%, a wider abrasive content range is approximately 15% to 35%, and a range of approximately 20% to 30% is more preferred. When developing an abrasive formulation from a heavy composition to an average composition of the type described in this example, it must be borne in mind that various changes can be made in the ratios of the quantities of the remaining components, but with the preservation of their functions.

EXAMPLE 2

A light abrasive composition for glossing was made in accordance with the present invention according to the following formulation.

% wt./weight. Hard abrasive material 30,0 Propylene glycol 5,0 Carboxymethyl cellulose 1,0 Ethylene / Propylene Oxide 2,5 Block copolymer of oxide Fragrance 98164 0.2 1- (3-chloroallyl) -3,5,7-triase-1-azoniaadamantane chloride 0.2

Sufficient deionized water was added to bring the total volume to 100% (w / w), which resulted in a viscous creamy liquid with a consistency similar to a liquid cream. In this and other examples, perfume was added only for aesthetic purposes and it should be understood that perfume could not be introduced or replaced without changing the effectiveness of the polishing composition.

The composition was prepared, packaged, and stored in a virtually oxygen-free place. For example, the dry ingredient was added to the mixer. Then the dry ingredients and the mixer were evacuated until all oxygen was removed from the dry ingredients. An inert gas such as nitrogen was added to the mixer, liquid ingredients were added and the composition was mixed. Then the composition was packaged in a place free of oxygen.

It is believed that the manufacture and packaging of the composition in the absence of oxygen allows the abrasive particles to aggregate into large particles. It is assumed that this aggregation occurs in a place free of oxygen, because the absence of oxygen changes the electrical properties of the surface of abrasive particles. A person with ordinary technical skills will appreciate that this aggregation changes gradually when abrasive particles undergo mechanical and oxidative stress during the polishing process.

This lightweight abrasive composition is widely used, but it is particularly preferred as a gloss composition for plastics that were first treated with the polishing compound of Example 1. This treatment is preferred for use on plastic headlamp caps, plastic windows, plastic or acrylic furniture, plastic face masks. , light strips on police vehicles, lifts or gondolas, facades of advertising posters and in many other applications. It will also be useful for polishing or removing minor scratches that have clouded and discolored other plastics, especially for removing scratches from eyeglass lenses (for example, from sun lenses and / or corrective lenses).

Although the formulation proposed above is currently preferred, it should be understood that various changes can be made without departing from the main directions of the present invention. In this example, the solid polishing material included a mixture of silica powder, silica, and calcined alumina. The particle size of the polishing materials ranged from about 1 micron to 50 microns. Although it is preferred that the total abrasive content is approximately 23%, a wider abrasive content range is approximately 15% to 35%, and a range of approximately 20% to 30% is more preferred. When developing an easy-to-use abrasive formulation of the type described in this example, it must be borne in mind that various changes can be made in the ratios of the quantities of the remaining components, but with the preservation of their functions.

EXAMPLE 3

A heavy polishing composition was made in accordance with the present invention according to the following formulation.

Ingredient Tradename/
Provider % Weight./ Weight. Magnesium Aluminosilicate (5% dispersion) Van gel / rt vanderbilt 30,0 Propylene glycol Propylene glycol 5,0 Carboxymethyl cellulose CMC 7H or CMC 1.0 9M31 XF / Aqualon-Hercules 1,0 Aluminosilicate Kaopolite / Kaopolite Co. 18.0 Fused Quartz (8.8 microns average size) Siltex 44 / Kaopolite Co 3.0 Aluminum bomite (60 microns average size) Catapal D / Sasol (formerly Vista) 2,5 Ethylene Oxide / Propylene Oxide Block Copolymer Tergitol 15-S-7 / Dow 2,5 Fragrance 98764 Fragrance 98764 / Noville 0.2 1- (3-chloroallyl) -3,5,7-triase-1-azoniaadamantane chloride Dowicil 75 0.2 Deionized water q.s. up to 100

This difficult-to-formulate formulation is useful for quickly removing scratches from most of the plastic materials listed in Example 1, although it is unlikely to be used with CDs or something similar. The composition of the average formulation, such as that described in Example 1 and / or the easy formulation, as set forth in Example 2, could be used to completely finish surface restoration after the initial treatment with the composition of this heavy formulation.

EXAMPLE 4

The average abrasive polishing composition was made in accordance with the present invention according to the following recipe.

Ingredient Tradename/
Provider % wt./weight. Magnesium Aluminosilicate (5% dispersion) Van gel / rt vanderbilt 30,0 Propylene glycol Propylene glycol 5,0 Carboxymethyl cellulose CMC 7H or CMC 1.0 9M31 XF / Aqualon-Hercules 1,0 Aluminosilicate Kaopolite / Kaopolite Co. 8.0 Celite (diatomaceous earth) Super Floss or Snow Floss / Celite 7.0 Aluminum bomite Catapal D / Sasol (formerly Vista) 8.5 Ethylene Oxide / Propylene Oxide Block Copolymer Tergitol 15-S-7 / Dow 2,5 Fragrance 98764 Fragrance 98764 / Noville 0.2 1- (3-chloroallyl) -3,5,7-triase-1-azoniaadamantane chloride Dowicil 75 0.2 Deionized water q.s. up to 100

This formulation is suitable for a large number of applications, such as those described in Example 1. Aluminum bomite is more often used due to its relatively soft structure. It will collapse during use on fragments with a smaller size, contributing to the restoration of more and more small scratches that exist during the restoration of the surface.

EXAMPLE 5

A light abrasive composition for glossing was made in accordance with the present invention according to the following formulation.

Ingredient Tradename/
Provider % wt./weight. Magnesium Aluminosilicate (5% dispersion) Van gel / rt vanderbilt 30,0 Propylene glycol Propylene glycol 5,0 Carboxymethyl cellulose CMC 7H or CMC 1.0 9M31 XF / Aqualon-Hercules 1,0 Aluminosilicate Kaopolite / Kaopolite Co. 23.0 Ethylene Oxide / Propylene Oxide Block Copolymer Tergitol 15-S-7 / Dow 2,5 Fragrance 98764 Fragrance 98764 / Noville 0.2 1- (3-chloroallyl) -3,5,7-triase-1-azoniaadamantane chloride Dowicil 75 0.2 Deionized water q.s. up to 100

This thin abrasive formulation is similar to that of Example 2, but incorporates a finer abrasive. As in example 2, this composition for glossing has many uses, but it is especially preferred for the final processing of plastic surfaces, initially treated with the composition of example 1 and / or example 3.

EXAMPLE 6

Light abrasive polishing composition was made according to the following recipe.

Ingredient Tradename/
Provider % Weight./ Weight. Magnesium Aluminosilicate (5% dispersion) Van gel / rt vanderbilt 30,0 Propylene glycol Propylene glycol 5,0 Carboxymethyl cellulose CMC 7H or CMC 1.0 9M31 XF / Aqualon-Hercules 1,0 Aluminosilicate Kaopolite / Kaopolite Co. 11.5 Zirconia (2-4 microns average size) 11.5 Ethylene Oxide / Propylene Oxide Block Copolymer Tergitol 15-S-7 / Dow 2,5 Fragrance 98764 Fragrance 98764 / Noville 0.2 1- (3-chloroallyl) -3,5,7-triase-1-azoniaadamantane chloride Dowicil 75 0.2 Deionized water q.s. up to 100

This sample includes zirconium (zirconium oxide) as an abrasive. It is a solid material and should therefore be used with caution.

EXAMPLE 7

An ultraviolet protective coating was made in accordance with the present invention according to the following formulation.

Ingredient Tradename/
Provider % wt./weight. N-Butyl ether dipropylene glycol Arcosolve DPnB 9.8 Polyester Modified Polydimethylsiloxane BYK-346 0.5 Light stabilizer Tinuvin 384 0.7 Light stabilizer Tinuvin 292 0.4 Urethane hybrid polymer Hybridur 570 Polymer Dispersion 51.5 Urethane hybrid polymer Hybridur 580 Polymer Dispersion 22.1 Antifoam agent Surfynol DF-58 0.2 Deionized water Deionized water 14.9 Total: one hundred%

The protective composition was obtained in the form of a homogeneous liquid solution. This simple ultraviolet protective coating has various applications, but it is particularly preferred to use as a coating for restoring the UV protective layer of plastic surfaces treated with one or more of the compositions of Examples 1-6. It is preferred for use on plastic covers of headlamps, plastic windows, plastic or acrylic furniture, plastic face masks, light strips on police vehicles, elevators or gondolas, facades of advertising posters and many other applications. It will also be useful for use as a UV protective coating for other plastics, especially eyeglass lenses (e.g., sun lenses and / or corrective lenses).

Although the formulation proposed above is currently preferred, it should be understood that various changes can be made without departing from the main directions of the present invention.

When developing the formulations of the ultraviolet protective coating of the type described in this example, it must be borne in mind that various changes can be made in the ratios of the quantities of the remaining components, but with the preservation of their functions.

EXAMPLE 8

An ultraviolet protective coating was made in accordance with the present invention according to the following formulation.

Ingredient Tradename/
Provider % wt./weight. Isopropyl alcohol Any suitable manufacturer 88.85 Acrylic polymer Elvacite 2776 / Lucite International 3.0 Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, 75% Aerosol OT-75 / Cytec 0.05 Triethyl citrate Citroflex 2 / Morflex 0.3 Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether Dowanol EB / Dow 7.0 Light stabilizer Tinuvin 384 / Ciba 0.5 Light stabilizer Tinuvin 292 / Ciba 0.3 Total: 100.0

The protective composition obtained in the form of a liquid homogeneous solution, which when dried for about 30 minutes turns into a solid transparent surface.

EXAMPLE 9

An ultraviolet protective coating was made in accordance with the present invention according to the following formulation.

Ingredient Tradename/
Provider % wt./weight. Isopropyl alcohol Any suitable manufacturer 90.95 Acrylic polymer Elvacite 2776 / Lucite International 3.0 Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, 75% Aerosol OT-75 / Cytec 0.05 Dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether Arcosolve DPnB / Arco 5,0 Light stabilizer Tinuvin 384 / Ciba 0.5 Light stabilizer Tinuvin 292 / Ciba 0.3 Antifoam agent Sulfonol DF-58 / Air products 0.2 Total: 100.0

The protective composition obtained in the form of a liquid homogeneous solution, which when dried for about 30 minutes turns into a solid transparent surface.

The present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its essence or characteristic features. The described embodiments should be considered in all respects only as illustrations, and not as limitations. Therefore, the scope of the invention is determined by the attached claims, and not by the above description. All changes that can be made as equivalents of the claims are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (20)

1. A set of accessories for restoring the properties of optical transparency and light transmission of a plastic surface damaged by scratching and / or oxidation caused by UV radiation, comprising at least one polishing composition having a polishing abrasive with a grain size in the range from about 50 microns to 400 μm dispersed in a liquid or gel-like carrier, at least one composition for glossing, having an abrasive for glossing with a grain size in the range from about 10 microns to 60 microns dispersed in a liquid or gel-like carrier, and at least one UV protective composition for applying as a UV protective coating to a plastic surface treated with a polishing composition and a glossing composition. 2. The accessory kit according to claim 1, wherein the polishing abrasive has a grain size in the range of about 60 microns to 300 microns, and the gloss abrasive has a grain size in the range of about 15 microns to 50 microns. 3. The accessory kit according to claim 1, wherein the polishing abrasive has a grain size in the range of about 70 microns to 200 microns and the gloss abrasive has a grain size in the range of about 20 microns to 45 microns. 4. The accessory kit according to claim 1, wherein the polishing abrasive has a grain size in the range of about 75 microns to 150 microns, and the gloss abrasive has a grain size in the range of about 25 microns to 40 microns. 5. The accessory kit according to claim 1, wherein the polishing abrasive includes agglomerates that, when mechanically and oxidatively attacked during polishing, break down to smaller particles with a grain size in the range of about 10 microns to 50 microns, and the abrasive for gloss includes agglomerates that, when mechanical and oxidative effects during the polishing process are destroyed to particles of smaller sizes with a grain size in the range from about 1 micron to 20 microns. 6. The accessory kit according to claim 1, wherein the polishing abrasive includes agglomerates that, when mechanically and oxidatively attacked during polishing, break down to smaller particles with a grain size in the range of about 15 microns to 45 microns, and the abrasive for gloss includes agglomerates that, when mechanical and oxidative effects during the polishing process are destroyed to particles of a smaller size with a grain size in the range from about 2 microns to 15 microns. 7. The accessory kit according to claim 1, wherein the polishing abrasive includes agglomerates that, when mechanically and oxidatively attacked during polishing, break down to smaller particles with a grain size in the range of about 20 microns to 40 microns, and the gloss abrasive includes agglomerates that, when mechanical and oxidative effects during the polishing process are destroyed to particles of a smaller size with a grain size in the range from about 2.5 microns to 10 microns. 8. The accessory kit according to claim 1, further comprising at least one polishing cloth or polishing cloth for applying the polishing composition and / or glossing composition to a plastic surface in which at least one polishing cloth or polishing cloth fiberglass is introduced to increase polishing efficiency using a polishing composition and / or glossing efficiency using a glossing composition. 9. The accessory kit according to claim 1, wherein the UV protective composition comprises a UV protective compound capable of polymerization and at least one solvent that promotes the formation of a UV protective coating on the plastic surface when polishing the plastic surface with the UV protective composition. 10. The accessory kit of claim 9, wherein the polymerizable compound includes an acrylic urethane dispersion, which, after application, polymerizes and forms a hard protective coating on the plastic surface. 11. A method of restoring the properties of optical transparency and light transmission of a plastic surface damaged by scratching and / or oxidation caused by UV radiation, comprising polishing the plastic surface with a polishing composition applied to the plastic surface using at least one polishing cloth or cloth for polishing, and the polishing composition includes a polishing abrasive with a grain size in the range from about 50 microns to 400 microns, glossy plastic surface a glossing composition deposited on a plastic surface using at least one polishing cloth or polishing cloth, the glossing composition comprising a gloss abrasive with a grain size in the range of about 10 μm to 60 μm, and applying an ultraviolet protective coating to a plastic surface after polishing and glossing the plastic surface, the UV protective coating comprising at least one solvent that promotes the formation of UV Barrier coatings on plastic surfaces, at least one UV protective compound to protect plastic surfaces from damage caused by UV radiation, and at least one polymerizable compound which is polymerized after application and forms a hard protective coating on the plastic surface. 12. The method according to claim 11, in which fiberglass is introduced into a polishing cloth or polishing cloth to improve polishing and gloss. 13. The method according to claim 11, in which the plastic surface includes a plastic cap car headlights, plastic sunscreens lenses or plastic corrective lenses glasses. 14. A set of accessories for restoring the properties of optical transparency and light transmission of a plastic surface damaged due to scratching and / or oxidation caused by UV radiation, including at least one abrasive composition consisting of abrasive particles dispersed in a liquid or gel-like carrier in wherein the abrasive particles initially include agglomerates that, when stored in a practically oxygen-free environment, have their original size, which when exposed to acid kind or mechanical impact during polishing, gradually break down into particles with a practically smaller size compared to the original size, and the initial and final particle sizes are selected so that the polishing composition completely removes scratches and oxidation from the plastic surface, and at least one UV protective compound for applying as a UV protective coating to a plastic surface treated with a polishing compound and a glossing compound. 15. The accessory kit of claim 14, wherein the agglomerates are formed such that they break down into smaller particles having a final grain size of less than about 75% of the original particle size. 16. The accessory kit of claim 14, wherein the agglomerates are formed in such a way that they break down into smaller particles having a final grain size of less than about 50% of the original particle size. 17. The accessory kit of claim 14, wherein the agglomerates are formed in such a way that they break down into smaller particles having a final grain size of less than about 33% of the original particle size. 18. The accessory kit of claim 14, wherein the agglomerates are formed in such a way that they break down into smaller particles having a final grain size of less than about 20% of the original particle size. 19. A method of restoring the properties of optical transparency and light transmission of a plastic surface damaged by scratching and / or oxidation caused by UV radiation, comprising treating the plastic surface with at least one abrasive composition consisting of abrasive particles dispersed in a liquid or gel-like carrier, in which the abrasive particles initially include agglomerates having, when stored in a practically oxygen-free environment, the original size, which when exposure to oxygen or mechanical stress during the polishing process gradually breaks down to particles with a practically smaller size compared to the original size, and the initial and final particle sizes are chosen so that the polishing composition completely removes scratches and oxidation effects from the plastic surface, and the application of UV protective composition for applying as a UV protective coating to a plastic surface treated with a polishing compound and a glossing compound. 20. The method according to claim 19, in which the plastic surface includes a plastic cap car headlights, plastic sun lenses or plastic corrective lenses glasses.

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