RU2487531C2 - Cultivation column and method of its service - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the field of agriculture, in particular, to hydroponics. The cultivation column of concrete mixes or plastic is made with the ability to plant it into the wall of plants, has a cover with a nozzle fixed in it, a flexible hose to connect to the main pipe of nutrient solution, a supporting stand to stabilise the position and connecting the communications, a securing hoop to stabilise the position in the upper part, an electrical connector for the connecting lighting garlands. In the method the position of the cultivation column is stabilised using the supporting stand in the lower part and a metal wire in the upper part. The nutrient solution is fed and removed, the air and air-gas mixture supply is performed at least for one column. The cultivated plants are lightened by lighting garlands.

EFFECT: inventions enable to provide an intensive regime of growing plants.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for industrial cultivation of plant products in intensive mode.

It is known in the art to use a cultivation column (RF patent No. 2414121) for growing plant products, in particular, ornamental plants.

The disadvantage of this solution is the impossibility of using such a design for the industrial cultivation of plants, and even more so in intensive mode.

The objective and objectives of the present invention is to develop a technical solution for a device with high potential in the field of cultivation of plant products with a minimum of occupied useful area of greenhouses, as well as the development of a method of rational maintenance of the cultivation process on the proposed device.

The goals are achieved as follows.

Corrugated plastic pipes of the pragma or corsis type with an inner coating of non-toxic plastic material are used as a cultivation column. This is the preferred option. In other embodiments, cultivation pipes are made by molding from various concrete mixtures and compositions, for example expanded clay concrete, foam concrete, etc.

In the cultivation column, holes are formed for placing plants, as well as (when necessary) devices for attaching lodges (rings, staples, hoops, etc.), on which plants with powerful stems and a possible large number of fruits are placed.

The columns are placed above the trench in the floor of the greenhouse in a special supporting stand, and the remaining parts of the trench are closed with grates.

In the trenches, a nutrient solution supply line, ventilation ducts (or plastic ducts replacing uncomfortable ducts), a collector for collecting nutrient solution from the columns, and also a collector for drainage and removal of process water are placed. The trench is arranged in such a way that the technical water flowing into it does not fall on the mains and pipelines and does not linger in the collector to remove the technical water.

The columns are fastened in their upper quarter to the corresponding beam of the greenhouse or to a special metal cable stretched across the main length of the greenhouse (cultivation hall).

Technological maintenance of the columns is as follows.

The nutrient solution from the line is sent through the nozzle and the flexible hose to the nozzle located at the very top of the column, under the cover. The nutrient solution flowing from the spray nozzle irrigates the roots of the plants and enters the collector through the corresponding hole in the support cabinet to collect the nutrient solution and is pumped into the solution regeneration tank.

The supply of ventilation air (or gas-air mixtures, for example, with carbon dioxide) is carried out through the nozzles (or outlets) of the ventilation line from the trench for each column. (This important difference from all other methods of plant cultivation is pioneering and allows you to spend carbon dioxide more economically).

Illumination of plants is carried out in a local way, that is, on each column (on the cover), a fixture for placing a cross is made, on which light garlands are connected to the energy source, the length of which corresponds to the plant location zone. For example, when the height of the cultivation column is 4 meters, the length of the light garlands will be 3 meters. (When using LED garlands, energy savings can reach 60-70 percent of standard overhead lighting. In addition, local lighting increases the productivity of plants for the yield of useful products. This is a pioneering difference from all other cultivation methods).

Plant nutrition is carried out with a nutrient solution prepared in a separately located mortar unit (in large greenhouses).

The invention is illustrated in figures 1-4, where figure 1 presents the preferred and other possible options for cultivation columns in the context; figure 2 shows the main distinguishing features of the support pedestal under the cultivation column; figure 3 presents the distinctive features of the trench, over which the columns are installed; figure 4 visualized the overall picture of the cultivation columns in full.

Cultivation column 1 (Fig. 1) has a different geometry in the section: options B and E are intended for plants with powerful stems and highly developed foliage, options C and D are for plants with less powerful stems and leaves, options A and F are designed for more tender plants and denser planting in the column. All column options (except F) are made of concrete mixtures, and option F is represented by a corrugated plastic pipe such as pragma or korsis.

The cultivation column is installed on the support pedestal 2 (Fig. 2), made with a recess 3 (the size of the column), at the bottom of which is located a ring 4 of elastic material for sealing and softening shock loads when installing the columns in the cultivation room. The recess for installing the column goes into the channel 5 for the drain (collection) of the nutrient solution. In the niche 6 of the support pedestal, a pipe system is made with a receiving nozzle 7, a valve 8, a covered casing 9, and a fitting 10 for connecting the cultivation column to the power system.

The cultivation column together with the support pedestal is installed on the trench 11 (Fig. 3), made with a figured box having blind walls 12 and perforated planes 13 for the flow of wash water into the sewage collector 14. The figured box protects against direct ingress of wastewater to the nutrient solution line 15, to the duct 16 and the nutrient solution collector 17. On top of the trench is closed with a protective grill 18.

In general, the cultivation column is shown in FIG. The cultivation column is powered by an elastic hose 19, a flexible hose 20 connected to the nozzle 21. The stock (collection) of the nutrient solution is made by means of an elastic hose 22. The cultivation column was secured from movements (swings) by a cable 23 through hoops 24 and fastening devices (not shown) .

The plants were illuminated using light garlands 25 connected to the connector 26 and the junction box 27 (with appropriate automation), mounted on the beam 28 of the cultivation room.

That is, in principle and in short terms, we have the following in relation to the device: A cultivation vertical column made of concrete mixtures or plastic, made with the possibility of planting in its wall of plants, having a lid with a nozzle fixed in it, a flexible hose for connecting to the main of the nutrient solution, supporting a stand for stabilizing the position and connecting communications, a mounting hoop for stabilizing the position at the top, an electrical connector for connecting the lighting strings.

A method for servicing a cultivation column is as follows. Before installing the column on the support pedestal 2 (FIGS. 2 and 4), the hose 19 is connected to the nozzle 21 and the nozzle 10, then the column cover is closed with the connector 26 installed on it and the column is lowered into the recess 3 on the support pedestal 2. The top of the column with a hoop 24 attached to the cable 23. Then, the nozzle 7 is connected to the nutrient solution line 15 and the hole 5 for collecting the nutrient solution with the collector 17 for collecting the solution with a flexible hose 22.

Plants are planted in a vertically mounted and fixed cultivation column and the flow of nutrient solution is organized through line 15, hose 19, nozzle 7, valve 8, nozzle 10, hose 20, nozzle 21, collection hole 5, hose 22 and collector 17.

Then connect the light garlands 25 to the connector 26 and the junction box 27.

The spent nutrient solution is regenerated in a solution node (not shown).

That is, in principle and in brief terms, we have the following regarding the method: a method of servicing a cultivation column, including stabilizing its position with a support pedestal in the lower part and a metal cable in the upper part, feeding and removing the nutrient solution, air and gas-air mixtures individually for each columns, illumination of cultivated plants with the help of light garlands.

Literary sources

1. Antufiev I.A. Plant cultivation plant in the office. RF patent No. 2414121 of October 21, 2008.

2. Antufiev I.A. A device for growing plants. RF patent №2248120 dated 06/17/2002

Claims (2)

1. A cultivating vertical column made of concrete mixtures or plastic, made with the possibility of planting in its wall of plants, having a cover with a nozzle fixed in it, a flexible hose for connecting to the nutrient solution line, a support stand for stabilizing the position and connecting communications, a fastening hoop for stabilization position in the upper part, electrical connector for connecting the garlands. 2. A method of servicing a cultivation column, including stabilizing its position with a support pedestal in the lower part and a metal cable in the upper part, feeding and removing the nutrient solution, air and gas-air mixtures for at least one column, lighting cultivated plants with lighting garlands.

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