RU2484248C1 - Method of underground development of contiguous steeply dipping ore bodies - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: rock blasting is performed at three stages: the first stage involves drilling of rock interlayers as per a pattern providing specific explosive flow determined as per a formula. The second stage involves testing of all the drilled wells, and position of outlines of ore bodies is specified as per its results, which are drilled by means of wells as per the pattern providing increased specific explosive flow determined as per the formula. The third stage involves charging of all the drilled wells, performance of breaking-out in bulk, release and delivery of broken rock mass with its further separation as to fineness into ore and rock parts.

EFFECT: increasing production capacity of the ore blasting and completeness of extraction of balance reserves at development of contiguous steeply dipping ore bodies.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mining, in particular to underground mining of ore deposits.

There is a method of underground close steeply falling ore bodies with separate excavation of ore and rock layers [1]. The disadvantage of this method is the high complexity of mining and the dominant use of hole breaking of ores and rocks with a low level of mechanization of work.

The closest to the technical nature and the achieved result is the technology of development of vein deposits with selective crushing of ore [2]. The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of its use while simultaneously excavating several adjacent ore bodies.

The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity of breaking ore and the completeness of the extraction of balance reserves in the development of close steeply falling ore bodies.

This goal is achieved by the fact that explosive blasting is carried out in three stages: at the first stage, rock layers are drilled along a grid providing a specific consumption of explosive, determined by the formula

$$q_{\mathrm{AT}M}=\frac{6\Delta q_{SP}}{d_P\Delta q_{\mathrm{AT}\mathrm{AT}}},\mathrm{to}g/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="m"\; filenames="00000007.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}^3$$

where q _BM is the specific consumption of explosives, providing a given quality of crushing the rock, kg / m ³ ; Δq _SP - the value of the specific energy consumption per unit of the newly formed surface for the rock mass, kJ / m ² ; d _P - the average diameter of the piece with large crushing of the rock mass, m; Δq _BB - specific energy of the explosive used, kJ / kg; at the second stage, all drilled wells are tested and, based on its results, the position of the contours of ore bodies, which are drilled with wells on a grid, providing an increased specific consumption of explosives, determined by the formula, is determined

$$q_{\mathrm{AT}M}=\frac{6\Delta q_{SR}}{d_M\Delta q_{\mathrm{AT}\mathrm{AT}}},\mathrm{to}g/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="m"\; filenames="00000007.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}^3$$

where q _VM - specific consumption of explosives, providing fine crushing of the ore mass, kg / m ³ ; Δq _SP is the value of the specific energy consumption per unit of the newly formed surface for the ore mass, kJ / m ² ; d _M - reduced average diameter of the piece with fine crushing of the ore mass, m; in the third stage, all drilled wells are charged, blasting is carried out, the rock mass is released and its size is divided into ore and rock parts using one of the known methods (for example, on a vibrating screen).

The invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows the drilling of rock layers between adjacent ore bodies. Figure 2 shows the drilling of ore bodies. Figure 3 shows the breaking of the rock mass.

SUBSTANCE: underground mining method for approaching steeply falling ore bodies comprises upper 1 and lower 2 preparatory crosshairs, upper 3 and lower 4 ore drifts, ore bodies 5, rock layers 6, rock wells 7, contours of ore bodies 8, ore wells 9, beaten rock mass 10.

The method is as follows. After the upper 1 and lower 2 preparatory crosshairs and the upper 3 and lower 4 ore drifts have been drilled through the ore bodies 5 from the lower ore drifts 4, at the first stage, rock layers 6 are drilled with breed wells 7 located on a grid providing the specific consumption of explosive, determined by the formula

$$q_{\mathrm{AT}M}=\frac{6\Delta q_{SP}}{d_P\Delta q_{\mathrm{AT}\mathrm{AT}}},\mathrm{to}g/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="m"\; filenames="00000007.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}^3$$

where q _BM is the specific consumption of explosives, providing a given quality of crushing the rock, kg / m ³ ; Δq _SP - the value of the specific energy consumption per unit of the newly formed surface for the rock mass, kJ / m ² ; d _P - the average diameter of the piece with large crushing of the rock mass, m; Δq _BB is the specific energy of the explosive used, kJ / kg. At the second stage, one of the known methods (for example, X-ray radiometric) will test these wells and refine the contours of 8 ore bodies 5 (Fig. 1), which they drill with ore wells 9 (Fig. 2) according to a grid that provides a specific explosive flow rate determined by the formula

$$q_{\mathrm{AT}M}=\frac{6\Delta q_{SR}}{d_M\Delta q_{\mathrm{AT}\mathrm{AT}}},\mathrm{to}g/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="m"\; filenames="00000007.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}^3$$

where q _VM - specific consumption of explosives, providing fine crushing of the ore mass, kg / m ³ ; Δq _SP is the value of the specific energy consumption per unit of the newly formed surface for the ore mass, kJ / m ² ; d _M is the average diameter of the piece during fine crushing of the ore mass, m. In the third stage, rock 7 and ore wells 9 are charged using one of the known methods (for example, pneumatic) and gross breaking (Fig. 3) is performed. The broken rock mass 10 is discharged to the lower crosspipe 2, delivered by one of the known methods (for example, using PDM) and separated into ore and rock parts by one of the known methods (for example, on vibrating screens).

Claims (1)

An underground mining method for converging steeply falling ore bodies, including preparatory and cutting operations, ore cleaning excavation with gross breaking of ores and rocks by wells with ore regrinding, delivery and release of broken rock mass, characterized in that the explosive breaking is carried out in three stages: at the first stages drill rock interlayers on a grid providing a specific consumption of explosive, determined by the formula
$$q_{\mathrm{AT}M}=\frac{6\Delta q_{SP}}{d_P\Delta q_{\mathrm{AT}\mathrm{AT}}},\mathrm{to}g/m^3,$$

where q _VM - specific consumption of explosives, providing a given quality of crushing the rock, kg / m ³ ;
Δq _SP - the value of the specific energy consumption per unit of the newly formed surface for the rock mass, kJ / m ² ;
d _P - the average diameter of the piece with large crushing of the rock mass, m;
Δq _BB - specific energy of the explosive used, kJ / kg;
at the second stage, all drilled wells are tested and, based on its results, the position of the contours of ore bodies, which are drilled with wells on a grid, providing an increased specific consumption of explosives, determined by the formula, is determined
$$q_{\mathrm{AT}M}=\frac{6\Delta q_{SP}}{d_M\Delta q_{\mathrm{AT}\mathrm{AT}}},\mathrm{to}g/m^3,$$

where q _BM is the specific consumption of explosives, providing fine crushing of the ore mass, kg / m ³ ;
Δq _SP is the value of the specific energy consumption per unit of the newly formed surface for the ore mass, kJ / m ² ;
d _M - reduced average diameter of the piece with fine crushing of the ore mass, m;
at the third stage, all drilled wells are charged, gross blasting is carried out, the rock mass is released and delivered, followed by its size separation into ore and rock parts.

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