RU2483051C2 - Liquid composition having irritant effect (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a gas spray gun and can be used in spray cans loaded with liquid compositions having irritant effect. The liquid composition contains at least one irritant and at least one organic solvent mixed with a propellant. The composition contains dimethyl sulphoxide or dimethyl sulphoxide and a fat-alcohol-soluble dye or dimethyl sulphoxide and water and a water-alcohol-soluble dye, and the propellant is liquefied gas or a mixture of liquefied gases with boiling point higher than -45°C, or compressed gas with boiling point lower than -60°C.

EFFECT: high efficiency and low toxicity.

6 cl, 12 ex

Description

The invention relates to liquid compositions of a complex irritating effect, intended for equipping mechanical, aerosol and other spray devices used in the practical activities of law enforcement agencies and in gas self-defense weapons.

A liquid irritant composition is known including an irritant (active substance), for example 2-chlorobenzylidene malonodinitrile (CS), in a mixture of organic solvents. The disadvantage of this liquid composition is low efficiency.

Known liquid composition (APSN preparation) used to equip Cheremukha-10M aerosol dispensers, including the active substance chloroacetophenone (CN) in an organic solvent (Cheremukha-10M small-sized aerosol dispenser of tear and irritating substances. Specifications ANVY. 635162.001 TU) . The disadvantage of this liquid composition is low efficiency and high toxicity.

The effectiveness of these irritating liquid formulations cannot be enhanced by increasing the content of active substances (irritants) due to the limited solubility of the crystalline substances CN and CS in organic solvents. In addition, their solubility decreases further with decreasing temperature. It should also be noted that the limiting content of CN and CS active substances in liquid formulations is limited according to GOST — it should not exceed 1 wt.%, And pelargonic acid morpholide (IPC) and capsicum oleoresin (OS) - not more than 6 wt.%. An increase in the content of CN and CS active substances above these values can cause harm to human health, in addition, these irritants are not effective enough when exposed to people who are heavily intoxicated, mentally abnormal people, aggressive animals (dogs), cases of individual immunity to compositions comprising CN and CS (RF No. 2116284, 1998).

Irritant formulations are known and widely available that contain hot pepper extracts, which are sprayed under the influence of propellants. One of these formulations is Aerco International (USA) Punch Spray Liquid. (Aerosol cans "Punch" and "Punch II", Hygienic certificate No. 8/94, 04/11/96, Aerko International, USA).

A Punch type liquid is a 1-10% solution of hot pepper extract (oleoresin capsicum) in ethyl or isopropyl alcohol. Liquids containing pepper extracts have several advantages over irritant formulations containing CN and CS: versatility and reliability of action; lack of a latent period of validity; pronounced irritating effect; the absence of long-term consequences and damage to human health exposed to such a liquid.

However, the Punch fluid does not provide the required spraying range. When using cans equipped with "Punch" type liquid, an aerosol cloud is created at a distance of 0.5-1 m from the user, which is not a safe distance between the attacker and the defender; in addition, strong dispersion does not allow to convey to the face of the attacker the amount of fluid necessary for exposure (RF No. 2157359, 2000).

Known liquid irritant composition designed to equip aerosol spray devices containing an irritant mixed with a propellant, such as freon. The composition includes an active substance, for example, CS, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and ethylene glycol (RF PM No. 2025, from 1995).

However, the known irritating liquid composition is not safe for both the attacker and the defender, because contains toxic component CS (2nd hazard class, potent toxic substance). In addition, the solvent - ethylene glycol is a fairly toxic substance (MPC - 5 mg / m ³ ).

It is known that in the manufacture of spraying devices (aerosol cans) to provide spraying in the form of an aerosol cloud or a jet of a particular composition with which the aerosol can is equipped, propellants are used - various liquefied gases that can create excess pressure in an aerosol package. At the same time, for spraying in the form of an aerosol cloud (sometimes the term “aerosol torch” is used), liquefied gases with a boiling point above -45 ° C at atmospheric pressure are used. Such, for example, the known freons, 11, 12, 22, etc., mentioned in patent No. 2205. The mass fraction of such propellants is usually more than 50% of the mass fraction of the total liquid composition of the irritant action, which is equipped with an aerosol can.

If it is necessary to dispense the contents of the spray device in the form of a jet, then compressed hardly liquefied gases with a boiling point below -60 ° C at atmospheric pressure are used as propellants. These include, in particular, those widely used for this purpose: carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and nitrogen. In the liquid composition of the irritating effect, their mass fraction is less than 10%. (The term for such propellants as “compressed, hardly liquefied gases” is taken from the monograph “Household aerosols”, p. 49, authors: Korenkov G.L., Kuzmenko I.E., Leinasare N.A. et al., L. , "Chemistry", 1968).

The basis of the present invention is the solution of the problem of creating a liquid irritating composition for equipping aerosol cans, including inkjet, with increased efficiency, affecting a wide range of sources of aggressive behavior, while reducing the toxicity of the composition. According to option I of the present invention, this problem is solved by introducing into the liquid composition an irritant effect containing at least one irritant, at least one organic solvent and propellant, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and as a propellant-liquefied gas with a temperature boiling above -45 ° C, or a mixture of liquefied gases in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Irritant 0.02-5.00 Organic solvent (mixture of organic solvents) 3.00-60.00 Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 1.00-30.00 Propellant Rest.

According to option II of the present invention, this problem is solved by introducing into the liquid composition an irritant effect containing at least one irritant, at least one organic solvent and propellant, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and an alcohol- or fat-soluble dye, and as a propellant - hardly liquefied compressed gas with a boiling point below -60 ° C in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Irritant 0.02-5.00 Organic solvent (mixture of organic solvents) 60.00-95.00 Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 1.00-30.00 Dye 0.003-1.00 Propellant Rest.

According to option III of the present invention, this problem is solved by introducing into the liquid composition an irritant effect containing at least one irritant, at least one organic solvent and propellant, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), water and a water or alcohol soluble dye, and in as an organic solvent, a water-soluble organic liquid, as a propellant, a hardly liquefied compressed gas with a boiling point below -60 ° C in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Irritant 0.02-5.00 Organic solvent 10.00-80.00 Dimethyl sulfoxide 1.00-30.00 Water 10.00-84.00 Dye 0.003-1.00 Propellant Rest.

According to option I, for example, a mixture of freons 22 and 142, or another known liquefied gas or mixture of liquefied gases with a boiling point above -45 ° C, suitable for use in the manufacture of spray devices (aerosol cans) can be introduced into the liquid composition as a propellant ) In this case, the contents of the spray can be issued in the form of an aerosol cloud (“aerosol plume” up to 3 m long).

According to options II and III, the liquid composition as a propellant may contain, for example, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, nitrogen, or other refractory compressed gases, the boiling point of which is below -60 ° C. In these cases, the product is issued in the form of a colored jet 4-6 m long.

As propellants, which are liquefied gases with a boiling point above -45 ° C, over 20 brands of various freons can be used in the proposed composition, and as additives to them, liquefied gases: propane, isobutane, dimethyl ether, methyl chloride, vinyl chloride. It is advisable to use propellants consisting of two- and three-component mixtures of liquefied gases in various combinations. Freons (freons) produced in industry are known from the monograph Industrial Organofluorine Products, chapter Freons, pp. 14-214. Authors: B.N. Maximov, V.G. Barabashin, I.L. Serushkin and others, - L., "Chemistry", 1990

As propellants, which are compressed gas with a boiling point below -60 ° C, in addition to the widely used carbon dioxide, nitrogen and nitrous oxide, argon, methane, ethane, ethylene, fluoromethane (freon 41), and trifluorochloromethane (freon 13 ), as well as mixtures thereof.

It is preferable to use compressed gases with a boiling point in the range from -60 to -90 ° C (carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, ethane, ethylene, fluoromethane, etc.), the solubility of which in liquid compositions at optimal pressure (2-4 atm) can reach 10 wt.%. Due to this, the pressure in the aerosol can, and therefore the range of the emitted jet, remain almost constant. In the case of using compressed gases with a boiling point below -150 ° C (nitrogen, argon, methane, etc.), which are slightly soluble in liquids, the pressure in the can and the range of the jet decrease as the liquid contents of the can are consumed.

According to the described invention according to option II and III, the liquid composition as a dye may contain low-toxic alcohol, water or fat-soluble dyes.

As an irritant, the proposed composition may contain any low-toxic irritating substances known for these purposes.

The technical result of the invention is to increase efficiency by dramatically accelerating and increasing the pain effect when using a liquid composition having an irritating effect on a wide range of sources of aggressive behavior, while reducing its toxicity. The addition of DMSO to formulations containing an irritant significantly enhances the irritant effect of the irritant on the eyes, upper respiratory tract, and skin. The irritation effect (burning, pain effect) manifests itself much faster due to an increase in the amount of irritant that comes in contact with the skin, and accordingly, an increase in its irritating effect.

It is known that the effectiveness of spraying devices equipped with irritating formulations mainly depends on the amount of irritant delivered to the target, and after applying the irritant on a person, it also depends on the time period of the onset of action, the duration of the irritating substance delivered to the target. The amount of irritant depends on its concentration in the composition and the range of use of the spray device. The introduction of DMSO into the composition of the irritant increases the speed, as well as the amount of irritant penetrating through the biological membranes of the skin and mucous membranes without damaging them, as a result of which the irritant reaches the corresponding nerve endings (receptors) more quickly and in greater numbers. In this case, in comparison with the composition without DMSO, a greater and earlier pain effect is achieved with the same content in the composition of the irritant, or an equal pain effect with a smaller amount of irritant, which is proved experimentally (with repeated tests on authors and volunteers). In this regard, the introduction of DMSO in the composition of the irritating effect eliminates potent toxic substances from it.

The use of DMSO to enhance the irritating effect on the surface of the skin or mucous membranes in spray devices, in particular in spray cans filled with irritants, is not known.

When the concentration of DMSO in the composition is less than 1%, the effect of enhancing the irritating effect is difficult to distinguish. With an increase in the concentration of DMSO over 30%, a slight increase in the effect of irritants is observed.

With an increase in the concentration of DMSO from 1 to 30%, a monotonous, but not linear, increase in the action of the irritant occurs, i.e. the pain effect is not directly proportional to the percentage in DMSO.

According to option III, the composition additionally contains water, which, in combination with DMSO, further enhances the effect of irritants. The fact that when a moisturized irritant is applied to the skin, a significant increase in the pain effect is observed, compared with the non-moistened one, is known (See, for example, the book: Poisoning Substances, p.209, 210; authors: Alexandrov V.N and Emelyanov V.I., M .: Military publishing house). This fact is explained by the fact that under the influence of moisture the pores of the skin expand. The proposed combination of DMSO and water, which enhance the pain effect by different mechanisms, makes it possible to enhance the pain effect by 3-20 times, or, accordingly, reduce the consumption of irritant to achieve equivalent effects.

When the concentration of water in the composition is less than 10%, the effect of enhancing the irritating effect is difficult to distinguish.

If the water content exceeds 84%, incomplete solubility of the irritants in the composition may be observed, especially when the temperature is lowered. In addition, when the temperature drops to -20 ° C, the water contained in the composition may crystallize.

In the compositions according to options I and II, compounds of various classes of substances taken in different ratios can be used as solvents: monohydric alcohols (ethyl, isopropyl, cyclohexyl), dihydric alcohols (or glycols-propanediols, butanediols), esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate) , ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone), saturated hydrocarbons (octane, etc.), ethers (dibutyl ether, polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 200-500).

The range of solvents for composing the composition according to option III is quite large, but limited to a group of organic liquids miscible with water: for example, ketones, mono-, di-, and trihydric alcohols, ethers and esters, in the molecules of which the mass fraction of oxygen is at least 19% .

Low-toxic solvents with a maximum permissible concentration of more than 50 mg / m ³ should be preferred, because, due to the presence of DMSO, when in contact with the skin, the intake of not only the active substances of irritants, but also other components of liquid formulations (with the exception of propellants, which quickly fly into the air).

Quantitative values of the solvent, determined empirically, are not critical to achieve the claimed technical effect, i.e. enhancing the irritating effect of the composition.

The use of the dye in the liquid composition of the irritating effect makes it possible to verify that the aerosol droplets have reached the goal. The presence of dye in jet aerosol devices is especially important, as the guaranteed loss of combat capability of an attacking attacker occurs only when it gets into the eyes or on areas of the skin that are close to the eyes (1-2 cm), which causes blepharospasm (closing of the eyelids). In this case, the dye allows you to ensure the accuracy of the jet. The use of dye is described in RF patent No. 2177928, 2002.

In liquid irritant compositions with DMSO, for the equipment of aerosol cans, predominantly non-toxic, for example, alcohol- or fat-soluble dyes, in small quantities (less than 1%) should be used. The amount of dye indicated in the examples, introduced into the liquid composition, is determined empirically and depends, first of all, on the intensity of the coloring properties. Moreover, the dye concentration below the specified limit (0.003%) is insufficient to obtain a bright color, and the upper limit (1%) is due to the exclusion of the possibility of a noticeable toxic effect of the dye in combination with dimethyl sulfoxide, which enhances the penetration of dissolved substances into the body.

As an irritant in the liquid composition of the irritant, any active substance known for these purposes or a combination of two or more such substances taken in a certain ratio can act. However, the use of relatively highly toxic substances, such as chloroacetophenone (CN) and 2-chlorobenzylidene malonodinitrile (CS), corresponding to the 1st and 2nd hazard classes, respectively, should be avoided. in combination with DMSO, their toxic effect on the body is enhanced. The main active substances for the proposed liquid irritant formulations are: dibenz [b, f] -1,4-oxazepine (CR), pelargonic acid morpholide (IPC), pelargonic acid vanillamide (VAPK), red pepper extract (capsicum oleoresin, capsaicin) and 1-methoxy-1,3,5-cycloheptatriene (CH), which cause pain in sensitive areas of the skin, and severe irritation of the mucous membranes. The use of these irritants is preferable, since due to their ability to cause intense pain, these compounds are called "pain generators" or "algogens" and they do not belong to highly toxic substances (See book: "Poisonous substances", p.224, authors: Alexandrov V.N. and Emelyanov V.I., M .: Military Publishing House). Quantitative values of irritant are selected experimentally and are optimal.

To quantify the magnitude of the enhancing effect of DMSO, two spray cans were prepared. In one, a mixture containing an irritant and DMSO, in the other, a mixture containing an increased amount of an irritant, but without DMSO. The mass fraction of the excluded DMSO or a mixture of DMSO with water in the comparison compositions was replaced by a solvent. A small amount of both formulations of aerosol cans was simultaneously applied to symmetrical sections of the forearm of the left and right hands (from the palms), the area of the plot was ~ 3 × 3 cm ² . The concentration of irritants in the comparison mixture was selected so that the pain effects were the same (or subjectively close).

More stable and unambiguous results were obtained when applying the same amount (0.3 g each) of the test mixture and the comparison mixture, pre-selected from sample cans (about 5-10 g each) and held for 30 minutes at room temperature to evaporate the propellant.

Assessing the enhancement of the effect of irritants on the respiratory tract and eyes from the mass fraction of DMSO is a difficult task for ethical reasons. Therefore, in this description, the dependence of the enhancement of the irritant effect of the irritant on the mass fraction of DMSO only on the skin is given.

The composition was prepared by mixing the components in a known manner (for example, according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2177928, 2002) at room temperature. For the preparation of liquid compositions used industrial products.

For experimental verification of the inventive composition according to option 1, 10 formulations of the liquid composition were made (examples 1.1-1.5).

Example 1.1.

Component Name wt.% Dibenz (b, f) -1,4-oxazepine (CR substance) 0.02 (DMSO) dimethyl sulfoxide 30.00 Ethanol 3.00 Mixture of Freons 22 and 142 (60:40) Rest.

For comparison, a composition without DMSO was produced and tested, having a similar irritating effect, which contained the following components, wt.%:

Dibenz (b, f) -1,4-oxazepine (CR substance) 0.10 (DMSO) dimethyl sulfoxide 0 Ethanol 33.00 Mixture of Freons 22 and 142 (60:40) Rest.

That is, without DMSO, an equal effect is achieved by increasing the amount of irritant 5 times.

Example 1.2 According to example 1.1, characterized in that the amount of DMSO is reduced by 2 times, pelargonic acid morpholide (IPC) was used as an irritant, and a mixture of butyl and isopropyl alcohols in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Pelargonic acid morpholide (IPC) 5.00 (DMSO) dimethyl sulfoxide 15.00 Butyl alcohol 8.00 Isopropyl alcohol 16.00 Mixture of Freons 22 and 142 + Isobutane (55: 40: 5) Rest.

For comparison, a composition without DMSO was produced and tested, having a similar irritating effect, which contained the following components, wt.%:

Pelargonic acid morpholide (IPC) 20.00 (DMSO) dimethyl sulfoxide 0 Butyl alcohol 13.00 Isopropyl alcohol 26.00 Mixture of Freons 22 and 142 + Isobutane (55: 40: 5) Rest.

That is, without DMSO, an equal effect is achieved by increasing the amount of irritant 4 times.

Example 1.3 According to example 1.2 (the amount of DMSO is also reduced by 2 times), characterized in that pelargonic acid vanillamide (VAPK) was used as a irritant, and propylene glycol (1,2- or 1,3-propanediol) was used as a solvent and additionally contains a dye - main fuchsin (rosaniline, gross formula - C ₂₀ H ₂₀ ON ₃ ) in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

VAPK 0.05 DMSO 15.00 Propylene glycol 30.00 Fuchsin main 0.10 Freon 134a Rest.

The composition with equal effect had the following composition of components, wt.%:

VAPK 0.20 DMSO 0 Propylene glycol 45.00 Fuchsin main 0.10 Freon 134a Rest.

That is, as in example 1.2, it was required to increase the amount of irritant by 4 times.

Example 1.4, according to example 1.1, characterized in that the amount of DMSO is reduced by 6 times, and a mixture of MPC and CR (in a ratio of 100: 1, respectively) was used as an irritant, a mixture of butyl acetate and 1,4 * -butanediol was used as a solvent . The total mass fraction of solvent in the formulation is 60%. Propellant - a mixture of freons: Freon 22 and Freon 134a (20:80). The composition had the following ratio of components, wt.%:

IPC 3.00 CR 0,03 DMSO 5.00 Butyl acetate 30.00 1,4-butanediol * 30.00 Mixture of Freons 22 and 134a (20:80) Rest.

* Note: Instead of 1,4-butanediol, 1,2- or 1,3-butanediols can be used, which have similar properties and are also non-toxic.

Composition of equal action without DMSO:

IPC 9.00 CR 0.09 DMSO 0 Butyl acetate 30.00 1,4-butanediol * 35.00 Mixture of Freons 22 and 134a (20:80) Rest.

The amount of irritant is 3 times more.

Example 1.5 According to example 1.1, characterized in that the amount of DMSO is reduced by 30 times, red pepper extract (Oleorezin Capsicum) containing 80% capsaicin (OC ₈₀ ) was used as an irritant, ethyl acetate was used as a solvent, and Freon 134a was used as a propellant. with propane in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

OS80 0.2 DMSO 1.00 Ethyl acetate 35.00 Freon 134a + propane (90:10) Rest.

The formulation with equal effect had the following composition of components, wt.%:

OS80 0.4 DMSO 0 Ethylapatat 36.00 Freon 134a + propane (90:10) Rest.

The amount of irritant is 2 times more.

For experimental verification of the claimed composition in option II, 8 formulation formulations were made (examples 2.1-2.4).

Example No. 2.1. (first example of option II). A composition containing 15% DMSO, 1-methoxy-1,3,5-cycloheptatriene (substance CH) was used as an irritant, and a mixture of propylene glycol (1,2- or 1,3-propanediol) and acetone was used as solvents. As a dye - food orange 4 (C ₁₆ H ₁₀ O ₇ N ₂ S ₂ Na ₂ ), as a propellant - carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ). The components are taken in the following ratio, wt.%:

CH 2.00 DMSO 15.00 Propylene glycol 30.00 Acetone 42.00 Food color orange 4 1.00 CO ₂ Rest.

The composition for comparison contained components, wt.%:

CH 8.00 DMSO 0 Propylene glycol 34.00 Acetone 50.00 Food color orange 4 1.00 CO ₂ Rest.

The amount of irritant is 4 times more.

Example 2.2 According to example 2.1, characterized in that the amount of DMSO in the composition was increased to 30%, pelargonic acid morpholide (MPC) was used as an irritant, dibutyl ether was used as a solvent, and fuchsin (rosaniline hydrochloride, C ₂₀ H ₂₀ N ₃ Cl was used as a dye) ), as the propellant - ethane (C ₂ H ₆ ), in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

IPC 5.00 DMSO 30.00 Dibutyl ether 60.00 Magenta 0.003 Ethane Rest.

The composition of a similar effect without DMSO had the following ratio of components, wt.%:

IPC 25.00 DMSO 0 Dibutyl ether 70.00 Magenta 0.003 Ethane Rest.

The amount of irritant in the composition without DMSO is 5 times more.

Example 2.3 The composition according to example 2.1, characterized in that the mass fraction of DMSO is reduced to 5%, a mixture of CH and CR substances in a ratio of 10: 1 was used as an irritant, respectively, as a solvent, a mixture of methyl ethyl ketone with octane (or isooctane or a mixture of normal saturated hydrocarbons) , iso- or cyclic structure with boiling limits from 100 to 180 ° C). The dye is a fat-soluble green anthrachine 2G (C ₂₈ H ₂₂ O ₄ N ₂ ). Propellant - compressed nitrogen. The composition had the following ratio of components, wt.%:

CH 1.00 CR 0.10 DMSO 5.00 Dye anthrachine 2G 0.10 Compressed nitrogen Rest.

The formulation with equal effect had the following composition of components, wt.%:

CH 3.00 CR 0.30 DMSO 0 Methyl ethyl ketone 42.00 Octane (or iso-octane, or a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons) 57.00 Dye - Anthrachine 2G 0.10 Compressed nitrogen Rest.

The amount of irritant in the composition without DMSO is 3 times more.

Example 2.2 According to example 2.1, characterized in that the amount of DMSO in the composition is reduced to 1%, the substance CR was used as an irritant, and the mixture of polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 400 (PEG-400) and acetone (total amount of solvent - 95%) was used as a solvent. food dye is black as a colorant (C ₂₈ H ₁₇ O ₁₄ N ₅ S ₄ Na ₄ ), and nitrous oxide (N ₂ O) is used as a propellant, in the following ratio, wt.%:

CR 0.02 DMSO 1.00 Acetone 45.00 PEG-400 50.00 Food black 0.50 N ₂ O Rest.

The composition of a similar effect without DMSO had the following ratio of components, wt.%:

CR 0.04 DMSO 0 Acetone 46.00 PEG-400 50.00 Food black 1.00 N ₂ O Rest.

The amount of irritant in the composition without DMSO is 2 times more.

For experimental verification of the claimed composition according to option III, 6 formulation formulations were made (examples 3.1-3.3). In the comparative compositions, DMSO and water were replaced by a solvent.

Example No. 3.1. (first example of option 3). A composition containing 30% DMSO, 64% water, red pepper extract (Oleorezin Capsicum) containing 90% capsaicin (OC ₉₀ ) was used as a irritant, ethyl alcohol was used as a solvent, and food orange 4 was used as a dye (C ₁₆ H ₁₀ O ₇ N ₂ S ₂ Na ₂ ), nitrous oxide (N ₂ O) as a propellant. The components are taken in the following ratio, wt.%:

OS ₉₀ 0.02 DMSO 30.00 Water 64.00 Ethanol 5.00 Food color orange 4 1.00 Nitrous oxide Rest.

The composition of a similar effect without DMSO and water had the following ratio of components, wt.%:

OS ₉₀ 0.50 DMSO 0 Water 0 Ethanol 90.00 Food color orange 4 1.00 Nitrous oxide Rest.

The amount of irritant in the composition without DMSO and water is 20 times more.

Example 3.2. The composition according to example 3.1, characterized in that wt.% DMSO is 5%, water - 84%, CR was used as an irritant, and butyl alcohol was used as a solvent. The dye is water-soluble nigrosine, the propellant is compressed argon.

The composition had the following ratio of components, wt.%

CR 0.010 DMSO 5.00 Water 84.00 Butyl alcohol 10.00 Water-soluble nigrosine dye 0.01 Compressed argon Rest.

The composition of a similar effect without DMSO and water had the following ratio of components, wt.%:

CR 0.10 DMSO 0 Water 0 Butyl alcohol 99.00 Water-soluble nigrosine dye 0.01 Compressed argon Rest.

The amount of irritant in the composition without DMSO and water is 10 times more.

Example 3.3 The composition according to example 3.1, characterized in that wt.% DMSO is 1%, water - 10%, pelargonic acid morpholide (IPC) was used as an irritant, and polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 300 (PEG-300) was used as a solvent. The dye is basic fuchsin (rosaniline, C ₂₀ H ₂₀ ON ₃ ), the propellant is ethylene (C ₂ H ₄ ).

The composition had the following ratio of components, wt.%:

IPC 5.00 DMSO 1.00 Water 10.00 PEG-300 80.00 Fuchsin main 0.01 C ₂ H ₄ Rest.

The composition of a similar effect without DMSO and water had the following ratio of components, wt.%:

IPC 15.00 DMSO 0 Water 0 PEG-300 81.00 Fuchsin main 0.01 C ₂ H ₄ Rest.

The amount of irritant in the composition without DMSO and water is 3 times more.

Thus, the claimed limits of the constituent ingredients can optimize the required characteristics of the composition of the irritating effect, providing it with high efficiency. As can be seen from the examples, the amount and type of solvent, as well as the amount and type of propellant, do not affect the technical result of the invention, which depends only on the mass fraction of dimethyl sulfoxide (I and II options) or dimethyl sulfoxide and water (III option) introduced into the proposed composition annoying

A wide variety of solvents and propellants that can be used in the production of irritating liquid formulations, which can be used to equip aerosol cans, makes it impossible to give all examples of specific formulation formulations with their use and acceptable for production in accordance with specified requirements.

When you press the valve of an aerosol can filled with an irritating liquid composition, it is thrown from the outlet and either an aerosol cloud (aerosol torch) is formed that covers the attacker, or a stream directed and falling mainly into the face of the object, instantly causing profuse lacrimation, burning of the skin and mucous membranes. In the case of use in the composition of the dye, the composition acquires additional advantages, namely it makes it possible to control the hit and adjust the direction of the jet, especially when using inkjet cartridges (options II and III). It is allowed to use dye in the compositions according to the I-th version (see example 1.3). In this case, a colored aerosol cloud (aerosol torch) may cause psychological discomfort for the attacker. If a composition containing a mixture of DMSO and water is used in a spray can, then when it enters the skin, an unbearable pain occurs, as from a burn of the 2nd or 3rd degree.

The examples of an irritating liquid composition containing dimethyl sulfoxide, water, various irritants, various solvents, various propellants and various dyes do not pose a risk to human life and health in terms of exposure. The claimed liquid irritant formulations do not contradict the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The compositions described here were made from substances industrially produced mainly in domestic production, tested at the applicant plant, and confirmed the expected technical result: increased irritant effect, i.e. effectiveness, due to the fact that DMSO significantly enhances the irritant effect of the irritant on the eyes, upper respiratory tract and skin. The effect of irritation manifests itself much faster due to an increase in the amount of irritant (which is facilitated by DMSO) entering the nerve endings of pain receptors upon contact with the object.

Some of the given compounds were tested at the Gas Weapons Testing Center of the Institute of Toxicology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg and are certified. Their high efficiency and safety are established.

Claims (6)

1. A liquid irritant composition containing at least one irritant, at least one organic solvent and a propellant, characterized in that it additionally contains dimethyl sulfoxide, and as a propellant - a liquefied gas with a boiling point above -45 ° C , or a mixture of liquefied gases in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Irritant 0.02-5.00 Solvent 3.00-60.00 Dimethyl sulfoxide 1.00-30.00 Propellant Rest 2. The liquid irritant composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains, as a propellant, freons with a boiling point above -45 ° C, or propane, or isobutane, or dimethyl ether, or mixtures of these liquefied gases. 3. A liquid irritant composition containing at least one irritant, at least one organic solvent and a propellant, characterized in that it additionally contains dimethyl sulfoxide and a fat-or alcohol-soluble dye, and as a propellant a compressed gas with a temperature boiling below -60 ° C in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Irritant 0.02-5.00 Solvent 60.00-95.00 Dimethyl sulfoxide 1.00-30.00 Dye 0.003-1.00 Propellant Rest 4. A liquid irritant composition containing at least one irritant, at least one organic solvent and a propellant, characterized in that it additionally contains dimethyl sulfoxide, a water or alcohol soluble dye, and as a propellant a compressed gas with a boiling point below -60 ° C, and as an organic solvent is a water-soluble organic solvent in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Irritant 0.02-5.00 Solvent 10.00-80.00 Dimethyl sulfoxide 1.00-30.00 Water 10.00-84.00 Dye 0.003-1.00 Propellant Rest 5. The liquid irritant composition according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that it additionally contains dimethyl sulfoxide and a fat- or alcohol-soluble dye, and as a propellant — compressed gases: carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), or ethane (C ₂ H ₆ ), or compressed nitrogen, or nitrous oxide (N ₂ O), or compressed argon. 6. The liquid composition of the irritant according to claims 1, 3 or 4, characterized in that it contains dibenz (b, f) -1,4oxazepine (substance CR), pelargonic acid morpholide (IPC), and pelargonic acid vanillamide ( VAPK), red pepper extract (Oleorezin Capsicum), or a mixture of these irritants.