RU2475689C1 - Method of firing mines and mortar complex to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed complex comprises muzzle-loaded mortar with barrel and safety against double loading and mine with propellant charge. Spring-loaded safety devices with spring-loaded retainers are arranged on barrel body. Said mortar fires controlled mine. Mine case with provided with unlocking obturator. Proposed complex is equipped with safety device lock composed of cramp to prevent double loading. Cramp posts are located between stoppers and hinges so that the distance between opposed stoppers is smaller than barrel bore. Cramp post ends are shaped "П"-like spring latches with retainers. Method of bombardment consists in dropping mine with propellant charge into barrel bore, generating propellant charge powder gases pressure, and propelling mine from barrel bore. In bombardment, prior to dropping mine into barrel bore, safety device is locked in nonworking position. With mine leaving barrel bore clearance between barrel bore and mine is stopped while after escaping therefrom, safety device lock prevent double loading is unlocked to be activated.

EFFECT: fire with controlled mines without increasing fire time.

3 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to defense technology, and more specifically to complexes of mortar weapons.

A known method of firing from a muzzle-loading mortar equipped with a double loading fuse (PDZ), and a complex of mortar weapons (see 120 mm transportable mortar 2C12, Technical description and instruction manual 2C12.00.TO, part 1, Moscow, military publishing house, 1987, p. 7 ... 41 [1]), selected as prototypes.

Mortar firing is carried out as follows:

- before loading, the safety mechanisms with spring-loaded stoppers are in the “open” position, while the stoppers are located in the path of the standard mine, but do not impede the free passage of its shank with a propelling charge fixed to it;

- when loading a standard mine, passing through the fuse against double loading, presses the stopper with its rear animated part, while the safety mechanisms turn and take the “closed” position, blocking the barrel channel and thereby preventing the mortar from loading with a second standard mine;

- when fired, the propellant propellant gases breaking through the guaranteed gap between the standard mine and the bore are discarded by the safety mechanisms, freeing the bore for the launch of the standard mine, which leaves the bore without coming into contact with the safety mechanisms;

- after the shot and the end of the action of the propellant propellant gas, the safety mechanisms under the action of the springs return to the “open” position before loading.

This method of firing limits the functionality of the mortar in terms of the use of guided ammunition (min). Their use requires eliminating the effect of the pressure of bursting propellant gases of a propellant charge on the hull parts of guided munitions incorporating control system elements (GLONASS / GPS antennas, optical elements, non-folding steering wheels, etc.), usually located on the outer surface of the guided munition and not having power protection. Powder gases bursting forward act on the above elements of the control system and destroy them or, at least, remove them from the state of operability.

The known design of an artillery shell according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2357198 dated 12.11.2007, class. F42B 15/02 [2], with an expandable shutter for firing from a muzzle-loading artillery gun.

When loading, the expandable obturator is located in the caliber of the artillery shell and does not impede its passage into the barrel of the mortar, and when fired by propellant gases, the obturator is expanded in the radial direction to the size of the barrel and covers the guaranteed gap between the projectile and the barrel, preventing the powder from breaking through gas propellant charge, thereby eliminating (or significantly reducing) the effect of pressure on the body parts of the projectile.

However, the exclusion of a propellant propellant gas breakthrough by an expandable obturator results in the inability to operate the double-charge fuse in the normal mode, and the removal of the remotely-operated remover leads to a delay in the performance of the combat mission associated with the time spent on removing the remotely-charged detonator from the mortar before firing the guided munition and putting it in place for firing regular ammunition.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to expand the functionality of the mortar weapon complex with a muzzle-loading mortar with a barrel and a double-loading fuse, by providing the possibility of firing guided mines (shells) without increasing the time of the combat mission.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the proposed method of firing a guided mine from a muzzle-loading mortar with a barrel and a double-loading fuse, which consists in lowering a mine with a propelling charge into the barrel channel, creating pressure of the powder gases of the propellant charge in the jamming volume and leaving the mine from the barrel channel , new is that when firing a guided mine before lowering it with a propelling charge into the bore, the double-charge fuse is blocked inoperative, in the process mines output from the channel gap between the bore of the barrel and mine overlap, and after the mines from the bore of the fuse double loading unlocked, resulting in a working condition.

To implement this method of firing in a complex of mortar weapons, consisting of a muzzle-loading mortar with a barrel and a double-loading fuse, on the case of which in two diametrically opposite cuts spring-loaded safety mechanisms with spring-loaded stops and a mine with a propelling charge are articulated, what’s new is that in as an ammunition, a controlled mine is used, on the case of which an expandable shutter is installed before the propellant charge, and the complex is equipped with a device locks of the double-loading safety lock in the form of a bracket, the struts of which are installed between the stoppers and hinges so that the distance between the stops is greater than the caliber of the barrel channel, while the ends of the struts of the bracket are made in the form of U-shaped spring latches with latches that cover the safety mechanisms. The bracket is made mainly of a steel bar of circular shape in cross section, and the latches are radius protrusions directed inside the U-shaped spring latches, while the distance from the crossbar of the U-shaped latch to the latch is not less than the width of the safety mechanism.

The round shape of the rod in the cross section from which the bracket is made has the lowest lifting force coefficient С _у created on the bracket under the influence of muzzle pressure, which acts after the mine leaves the barrel channel to the bracket, trying to disengage it from the safety mechanisms. Reliable fastening of the bracket on the safety mechanisms is facilitated by the presence on the spring latches of latches made in the form of radius protrusions.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated by graphic materials, in which Fig. 1 shows a complex of mortar weapons that implements the proposed method of firing a mine, in Fig. 2 - the position of the expandable shutter before firing, in Fig. 3 - the position of the expandable shutter during the shot, in Fig. 4 - a blocked fuse against double loading by a locking device in the form of a bracket, in Fig. 5 - a locking device in the form of a bracket, in Fig. 6 - safety mechanisms in the "open" position, in Fig. 7 - an intermediate position of the devices lock on the mechanism of double charging for 8 - fixing pawls caliper on safety mechanisms and locking mechanism of the double loading.

The mortar armament complex consists of a mortar 1 with a barrel 2 and a double-loading safety lock 3, which in turn consists of a housing 4, in two diametrically located cut-outs 5 of which, spring-loaded safety mechanisms 6 with spring-loaded stoppers 7, as well as a guided mine 8, are articulated with a propelling charge 9 and a double-locking safety lock device in the form of a bracket 10. Stands 11 of the bracket 10 are installed between the stoppers 7 and the hinges 12, the distance 18 between the diametrically located The holes 7 are larger than the bore of the bore 2, the ends of the struts 11 of the bracket 10 are made in the form of U-shaped spring latches 13 with latches 14, which cover the safety mechanisms 6, while the distance 17 from the crossbar 15 of the U-shaped latch 13 to the latch 14 is not less than the width safety mechanism 6. On a controlled mine 8 before throwing charge 9 is installed expandable shutter 16.

Figures 6, 7, 8 depict a sequence of actions for locking the fuse against double loading 3 with a bracket 10 before firing a guided mine 8.

Shooting a guided mine from a muzzle-loading mortar of the proposed method is as follows:

- before firing the safety mechanisms 6 are bred in the direction of the arrows B (Fig.6);

- racks 11 of the bracket 10 are installed between the stoppers 7 and the hinges 12 (Fig.7);

- the bracket 10 moves in the direction of arrow B until the latches 13 are fixed on the safety mechanisms 6 (Fig. 8);

- guided mine 8 is lowered into the bore 2 of the mortar 1 (figure 1);

- a propellant charge 9 is initiated, under the influence of powder gases of which an expandable obturator 16 overlaps the guaranteed gap between the bore 2 and the mine 8 (Fig. 3), protecting weak-protection elements of the control system from damage by powder gases (for example, control wheels 19, an optical element of the control system 20 (FIG. 1)) located on the outer surface of the mine;

- mine 8 leaves the bore 2, after which the bracket 10 is removed from the fuse against double loading 3 in the reverse sequence of operations (Fig. 8, 7, 6).

The proposed technical solution to the problem has been successfully tested on experimental samples and will soon be implemented in serial samples of military equipment.

Information sources

1. Technical description and operating instructions 2C12.00.TO, part 1, Moscow, military publishing house, 1987, p. 7 ... 41 (prototype).

2. RF patent No. 2357198 of 11/12/2007, class. F42B 15/02.

Claims (3)

1. A method of firing a mine from a muzzle-loading mortar with a barrel and a double-loading fuse, which consists in lowering a mine with a propelling charge into the bore, creating a pressure of the propellant gases of the propellant charge in the clearance volume and leaving the mine from the bore, characterized in that it is controlled by firing a mine before lowering a mine with a propelling charge into the bore, the double-loading guard is blocked in the idle state; during the mines exit the bore, the gap between the bore and the mine vayut and after mines from the bore of the fuse double loading unlocked, resulting in a working condition. 2. A complex of mortar weapons, consisting of a muzzle-loading mortar with a barrel and a double-loading fuse, on the case of which in two diametrically opposite cuts spring-loaded safety mechanisms with spring-loaded stoppers and mines with a propelling charge are distinguished, characterized in that a guided mine is used as ammunition , on the case of which an expandable obturator is installed before the propellant charge, and the complex is equipped with a device for locking the double-charge fuse a clamp in the form of a strut, the racks of which are installed between the stoppers and hinges so that the distance between the diametrically located stoppers is greater than the caliber of the barrel bore, while the ends of the struts of the bracket are made in the form of U-shaped spring latches with latches that cover the safety mechanisms. 3. The mortar weapon system according to claim 2, characterized in that the bracket is made mainly of a steel bar of round shape in cross section, and the latches are radius protrusions directed inside the U-shaped spring latches, while the distance from the crossbar of the U-shaped latch to the latch not less than the width of the safety mechanism.

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