RU2470458C1 - Device for generating intervals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics, computer engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to computer engineering and can be used in designing real-time control computer systems driven by powerful electromagnetic pulsed radiations, including pulses of both natural and artificial ionising radiation. The device for generating intervals, having a driving generator connected to a frequency divider, characterised by that it additionally includes two driving generators, two frequency dividers, a power supply and switched power supply, wherein the first output of each generator is connected to the input of its power divider, the output of each of which is connected to its decoder, the outputs of which are connected to a majority decision element, the output of which is the first output of the device, and second outputs of the generators are connected to control inputs of the switched power supply, the output of which is connected to power inputs of the frequency dividers and is the second output of the device, and the input is connected to the main output of the power supply, the inputs of which are the inputs of the device, and the rest of the outputs are connected to power inputs of the units of the device.

EFFECT: providing operation in case of catastrophic failure of any component and during exposure to ionising radiation, for example.

10 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The invention relates to computer technology and can be used in the design of real-time computing tools for control systems of moving objects operating under the influence of external disturbing factors such as powerful discharges of static electricity or natural pulsed ionizing radiation caused by solar flares or radiation as a result of technological accidents at objects using nuclear power plants. As a result of external influences, the operation of computing devices is disrupted, but their performance can be restored using pre-formed arrays in the memory zones blocked for the duration of the exposure and displaying the calculator for repeated calculations by switching on the device's zero signal. In addition, a real-time score must be maintained for the duration of the exposure. For these purposes, the system requires a time-consuming device that generates a zeroing signal for the duration of exposure to a strictly defined duration, which is taken into account during restoration. Thus, the problem arises of creating a device in the system that generates signals of a certain duration and is triggered by an external signal from an external impact sensor that records the onset of exposure. Moreover, this device should work during the action of the electromagnetic pulse. When creating it, it is necessary to take into account the change in the parameters of both passive and semiconductor elements during the action of ionizing pulses.

Known timing devices based on single vibrators, made in the form of integrated circuits of a series of types 9602, 8853, 7423 and 4095 (See P. Horowitz, W. Hill "The Art of Circuit Engineering", vol. 1. (translated from English). Ed. Mir, 1986 Page 556, Fig. 857). Known devices based on single vibrators have an important positive quality - ease of implementation. However, the presence of time-consuming elements in the form of a resistor and capacitor, as well as an active semiconductor component, do not allow to provide the necessary stability not only during exposure, but also simply in time.

The best solution to the problem of forming given intervals is proposed in the same source, where the device is designed as a pulse counter of the master oscillator.

Timers are also known in the form of integrated circuits based on a master oscillator with a divider and a decoder (See I. Jansen “Digital Electronics Course”, Volume 3, p. 20, Fig. 1.6).

The presence of a generator, especially stabilized by quartz, allows one to form fairly stable time intervals.

However, the presence of semiconductor elements in the form of a divider does not ensure operability during exposure, especially an ionizing pulse, although a quartz resonator, being a "mechanical" element, supports oscillations with the required stability. In addition, all known devices do not provide operability in the event of a catastrophic failure of any one component even in the absence of external influences.

In order to eliminate the noted drawbacks, it is proposed

a device for forming time intervals containing (see Fig. 1) three master oscillators, indicated by the numbers 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3, the output of each of which is connected to its frequency divider, indicated by the numbers 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3, each of which is connected to its own decoder, indicated by the numbers 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3, the first outputs of which are connected to the majority element 6, the output of which is the first output of the device. In addition, the device contains a power source 4, the inputs of which are the inputs of the device. The main outputs are connected to the master oscillators, dividers and decoders, and the additional output is connected to the input of the switching power supply 5, the control water of which is connected to the additional outputs of the master generators, and the output is connected to the power inputs of the frequency dividers and is the second output of the device. The control inputs of the decoders are the input of the device connected to the external sensor.

The master oscillator (see figure 2) contains three pulse generators, indicated by the numbers 21-1, 21-2 and 21-3, stabilized by quartz resonators, which, on the one hand, provides the required accuracy and stability of the formation of intervals, and on the other hand Being a mechanical oscillatory system, the resonator retains vibrations during external action and, therefore, the stable operation of the generator during exposure, which is especially important under the action of an ionizing radiation pulse, when the parameters of the active element change generator. Each generator is connected to its phasing unit, which are indicated by the numbers 22-1, 22-2 and 22-3, the outputs of each of them are the outputs of the generator, and the phasing output of each driver is connected to the phasing inputs of two other formers. These mutual relations provide continuous synchronization of the output signals of the shapers, ensuring their in-phase and synchronous operation, as well as the neutralization of one fault, both in the pulse generator and in the phasing block.

The frequency divider (see Fig. 3) contains several (n) triggers, indicated by the numbers 31-1 to 31-n, turned on when using industrial integrated circuits in series through the n-1 inertial element (filter, see Fig. 7) or through diode-resistive logic when using dynamic triggers (see Fig. 8) with pulse power. These elements and logic are conventionally shown by two elements 32-1 and 32-2. The outputs of the triggers are the outputs of the divider, as triggers can be used triggers that are part of one of a series of integrated circuits with increased resistance to ionizing radiation, for example, integrated circuits 5584 or 1554, manufactured by Integral software, or their analogues. In this case, it is advisable to use RC links as a filter (inertial element) (see Fig. 7).

The dynamic trigger (see Fig. 8) is formed by a conventional transistor amplifier with LC inertial elements and a resistor that defines the operating point as an input divider, as well as resistors in the collector and emitter circuits to obtain direct and inverse signals for further logical processing in diode-resistor circuits . A dynamic trigger requires supplying power to the collector circuit; during the action of a power pulse, the state of the LC circuit is transmitted to the output in direct and inverse form for further logical processing. The use of such an implementation, on the one hand, provides high resistance to external electromagnetic influences, since a sufficiently large energy is required to change the state, which, as a rule, is not found in external fields that are additionally weakened by screens commonly used in such devices. On the other hand, for the formation of the necessary signal at the output of the active trigger element (31-1 ... 31-n), an external powerful source of switching power supply or the introduction of such a source into the device is required, as is done in this case.

The power source (see figure 4) contains a series-connected input filter 41, a converter 42 and an output filter 43.

The installation in the input filter (see Fig. 10) in the positive bus of a series-connected diode, on the one hand, allows using a direct or chemical source of direct current (for example, a battery) as a primary switch for regular operation as part of the control system.

In addition, it protects against reversal of polarity when connected to the primary source, and also allows the use of an industrial AC network when working with the device at the factory or during routine maintenance during operation.

The presence in the output filter (see Fig. 11) of a series-connected diode and resistor allows you to reserve a power source by installing two converters operating on a common load, which is impossible without such a circuit, since one of the converters can be overloaded.

The converter, the composition of which is shown in Fig. 9, contains an input RC filter 91, the outputs of which are connected in the primary winding of the transformer 92, into the gap of which the breaker P is connected from the minus side. The rectifier shown in the transformer as a breaker is included in the transformer. A comparison circuit 93 is connected to the output of the transformer, the signal from which through the galvanic isolation element 94 is fed to the control input of the chopper. The pulse power supply (see Fig. 5) is essentially a constant voltage chopper coming from a power source.

Field-effect transistors with an induced channel are used as key elements. They are included in three parallel branches, in each of which two transistors are connected in series, and three synchronous and in-phase control signals are separated in such a way that each signal is transmitted to two transistors located in different branches, which creates, in fact, a majority inclusion according to the “2 of 3” scheme, ensuring the neutralization of one malfunction, both in power transistors and in the driver of control signals.

The phasing unit (see Fig. 6) contains the AND element, indicated by the number 61. The first input of this element is the input of the unit connected to the pulse generator. The output of the element is connected to the shift register 62, the outputs of which are connected to the decoder 64, the output of which is connected to the start input of the stop trigger 63, the output of which is the phasing output of the block and is connected to the second input of the element And and the first input of the majority element 68, to the second and third inputs which is connected to the outputs of the triggers of the binding 67, the inputs of which are the phasing inputs of the block. The output of the majority element is connected to the input of the start trigger 66, the output of which is connected to the reset input of the stop trigger. In addition, the outputs of the even and odd bits of the shift register are connected respectively to the triggering and resetting inputs of the n-triggers of the shapers (65-1 - 65-n), the outputs of which are the outputs of the block.

The device operates as follows:

After turning on the power, the master oscillators begin to form reference frequency pulses arriving at the frequency dividers in the case of using industrial integrated circuits with RC filters in them or to the control inputs of the switching power supplies in the case of using dynamic triggers with diode-resistor logic. Decoders, upon receipt of a signal from an external exposure sensor, generate signals of the required duration, which, through a majority element, are output for further use in a computer system as a signal for resetting and blocking memory.

Claims (11)

1. The device for the formation of intervals containing a master oscillator with a frequency divider connected to it, characterized in that it includes two additional master oscillators, two frequency dividers, a power source and a pulse power source, and the first output of each generator is connected to the input of its divider frequencies, the output of each of which is connected to its decoder, the outputs of which are connected to the majority element, the output of which is the first output of the device, and the second outputs of the generators are connected are connected to the control inputs of the pulse power supply, the output of which is connected to the power inputs of the frequency dividers and is the second output of the device, and the input is connected to the main output of the power supply, the inputs of which are the inputs of the device, and the remaining outputs are connected to the power inputs of the device blocks, and the inputs are device inputs. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching power supply contains three parallel circuits, each of which contains two series-connected MOS transistors, and the three control inputs of the source are distributed so that each of the signals is connected to the gates of one of the transistors, located in different circuits, forming a “2 out of 3” circuit from transistors. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the master oscillator contains three pulse generators, the outputs of each of which are connected to its phasing unit, the phasing output of each of which is connected to the inputs of two other blocks, and the additional outputs are the outputs of the generator. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency divider contains n triggers connected in series through the RC filter circuits, the outputs of which are the outputs of the divider. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency divider contains n dynamic triggers connected via diode-resistor logic, the outputs of which are the outputs of the divider, each trigger being formed by a transistor amplifier with resistors in the collector and emitter circuits, as well as with LC- circuit and resistor divider connected to the base so that the input of the LC circuit is the trigger input, and the outputs are the points between the collector and emitter and their resistors. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power source contains a series-connected input filter, the input of which is the input of the source, a converter and an output filter, the output of which is the output of the source. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching power supply contains three parallel branches, in each of which two MOS transistors are connected in series, and three control input signals are separated in such a way that each of the signals is connected to the gates of transistors of different branches, forming a “2 out of 3” circuit from transistors. 8. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the phasing unit contains an element And, the first input of which is the input of the unit, and the output is connected to a shift register, the outputs of which are connected to a decoder connected by the output to the start input of the stop trigger, the output of which is the output block and is connected to the second input of the AND element and the first input of the majority element, the output of which is connected to the input of the start trigger connected to the reset input of the stop trigger, and to the second and third inputs of the majority of the element, the outputs of the binding triggers are connected, the inputs of which are the phasing inputs of the block, and the outputs of the even and odd bits of the shift register are connected respectively to the triggering and resetting inputs of the trigger-shapers, the outputs of which are the outputs of the block. 9. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the converter contains an input RC filter connected by an output to the primary winding of the transformer, into which the breaker is connected, and the outputs of the secondary winding that have passed through the rectifier are the outputs of the converter to which the control element is connected, the output which through the galvanic isolation element is connected to the control input of the chopper. 10. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the input filter contains a diode in the positive circuit, after which a low-frequency capacitor is installed between the buses, and each of the buses is connected to the ground bus through its own high-frequency capacitor. 11. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the output filter contains two parallel circuits of diode and resistor connected in series, connected at the output and forming a positive output bus, between which a capacitor is connected between the common bus and the output and common bus through high-frequency capacitors are connected to the ground bus.

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