RU2467144C2 - Fire resistant door unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a construction industry and may be used in construction of residential buildings, underground shelters and other special defensive structures for arrangement of various internal and external entrance openings. A fire resistant door unit comprises a door frame fixed in a wall opening and hingedly connected with it by a door, made of wooden stands and links with filling of a door leaf coated with a protective film. Stands are links are arranged as hollow from a light steel concrete with a lining protective layer by means of inclusion of thin-walled profile pipes from galvanised sheet steel coated with a wire net of CPVC from three to six turns. On the stands there is additionally a spatial frame from a wire of periodical profile with a diameter of 3-6 mm, reinforced with CPVC nets from three to six rows at each side, with further installation into a vibration press mould and its filling with a concrete mix in layers for compaction and hardening.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to reduce a weight of a unit, to improve its sound and heat insulation properties.

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Description

The invention relates to the construction industry and can be used in the construction of residential buildings, underground shelters and other special defensive structures for the arrangement of various internal and external entrance openings.

Known designs of a composite door frame and a door block made of plastic profile are analogous (patent RU No. 2204675 from 08.26.1998, IPC 7 E06B 1/30, patent RU No. 2232857 from 07.22.2002, IPC 7 E06B 3/22) containing two side racks, the upper and lower lintels made of pressed composite material, forming an outer and inner shelves trough-like chamber.

The disadvantages of this design are low fire resistance, intense absorption of oxygen during combustion and the release of toxic gases, which in places of mass crowding inside closed volumes leads to great casualties, and also harms the environment during disposal.

There is also known the design of the door block - a prototype (patent RU No. 38018 of 01/26/2004, IPC 7 E06B 3/70), comprising a door frame fixed in a wall opening and a door hinged to it, consisting of wooden pillars and lintels with filling door leaf covered with a protective film.

The disadvantages of this design are the high fire hazard, especially in crowded places due to the rapid spread of fire through openings, the inability to use in a humid environment due to swelling, decay and relatively rapid destruction, as well as the high consumption of wood, causing environmental damage to wildlife from -for forced deforestation.

The objective of the proposed technical device is to ensure fire safety, increase fire resistance, strength, reliability and durability, achieve the possibility of reuse of recycled materials, reduce construction costs, negative impact on the environment and simplify the manufacturing technology of products with a high level of design.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the proposed door block, in order to reduce weight, improve the sound and heat-insulating properties, the posts and lintels are made hollow from lightweight steel concrete with a facing protective layer by incorporating thin-walled profile pipes made of galvanized sheet steel, wrapped with three wire CPVS mesh up to six turns, and to increase the strength and crack resistance, they additionally fixed a spatial frame made of a wire of a periodic profile with a diameter of 3-6 mm, Silene grids TSPVS from three to six rows on each side, followed by laying in vibropressformu and filling it with concrete mix layers for sealing and hardening.

The essence of the proposed design is illustrated by drawings, in which: figure 1 shows a General view of a fire-resistant door unit; figure 2 shows a cross section of a box and a fragment of a door leaf; figure 3 shows a variant of the door unit with a glazed door; figure 4 shows a variant of reinforcing the rack of the door frame.

The fire-resistant door block (Figs. 1-4) comprises a door frame 1 fixed in a wall opening and a door 2 pivotally connected to it, consisting of pillars 3 and jumpers 4 with filling of the door leaf 5 coated with a protective film; in it, in order to reduce weight, improve sound and heat insulation properties, racks 3 and jumpers 4 are made hollow (Figs. 2, 3) of lightweight steel concrete with a facing protective layer by means of thin-walled profile pipes 6 made of galvanized sheet steel, wrapped with wire mesh CPVS 7 from three to six turns, and to increase strength and crack resistance, they are additionally fixed to a spatial frame 8 of a wire of a periodic profile 9 with a diameter of 3-6 mm, reinforced with CPVS grids from three to six rows on each side us (2, 4), followed by laying in vibropressformu and filling it with concrete mix layers for sealing and hardening.

The door frame and door leaf are made separately in a metal vibropress. To reinforce the box and door leaf, a combined reinforcing cage (Figs. 2, 4) is made, consisting of thin-walled steel pipes 6, a spatial wire frame 8 and galvanized wire mesh CPVS 7 made of thin wire with a diameter of 0.3-0.6 mm, s mesh 20 × 50 mm. The dimensions of the pipe 6 should be less than 1/3 to 1/2 of the thickness of the rack 3 or lintel 4, and the dimensions of the wire frame 8 should be reduced by 15-20 mm to create a protective layer. The thickness of the protective layer can be reduced due to its reinforcement by a sufficiently dense layer of filaments from CPVS nets (all-metal expanded metal mesh) 7. In addition, at least three hinged loops 10 reinforced with brackets 11 are strictly welded to the frames to be monolithic in concrete, and for installation and dismantling works, mounting frames 12 are attached to the frame of the box 1, at the top of the racks. In the manufacture of the door frame, a casing 13 is provided, which improves its design, reduces weight and reduces cost. For the manufacture of door leaf, the bottom of the vibro-mold and its upper plate-stamp must have a design adopted in accordance with the design in mirror reflection. To prepare the metal vibro-mold, it is cleaned of foreign objects and coated with a concrete repellent compound, embedded parts for door hardware for locks, handles, locks and, if necessary, inserts for attaching an additional insulation and an automatic door closer are installed on calculated places. Then the vibro-mold is covered with a thin protective layer of decorative (colored) concrete with a thickness of 5-10 mm, and a reinforcing cage is mounted on it on remote supports, which is filled with fresh cellular concrete with compaction until the reinforcement is completely closed. After that, the upper protective decorative layer is applied, on which the stamp plate is installed, and the concrete mixture is finally compacted, followed by thermal-humid or autoclave treatment until the design strength is set. After gaining strength, the box and door leaf are removed from the vibro-molds and examined for sinks and other defects. Sinks are putty and subsequent grinding. Finished box and door are assembled in the door block, which is delivered by any transport to the construction site.

For the manufacture of a fireproof door block of a given color, appropriate dyes are added to the protective layer. In this case, white color can be achieved through the use of marble flour, washed fine white quartz sand and white cement. After manufacturing the block, its protective layer is first ground and then polished. Such a block can be used in elite buildings and structures. In the manufacture of a lightweight internal door of low cost, fireproof glass reinforced with a metal mesh can be used as a panel (filling).

In the manufacture of a fireproof door block, compliance with SNiP and GOST requirements, the time parameters for the use of fresh cement and concrete mix, as well as the duration of its hardening, are unshakable.

The simple design and manufacturability of the fireproof door block, small weight and size parameters allow it to be manufactured in small enterprises directly in areas of large construction.

The readiness of the proposed device for implementation is characterized by the presence of drawings, technical recommendations on the production technology of products, theoretical calculations and experimental research data confirming its technical and economic advantages over well-known analogues.

The design of the door block, made with hollow pillars and lintels with walls made of lightweight metallized concrete, saturated with high-strength wire in the longitudinal and transverse directions, withstands static and dynamic loads during operation of the door, ensures its resistance to shock and destruction attempts to penetrate the object. At the same time, repair of chips and cracks in the door leaf and door frame can be achieved by puttying with cement mortar or high-strength glue with the addition of cement, followed by grinding and polishing.

The advantage of a fireproof door block is the ability to localize the fire in one place and limit its distribution to adjacent rooms and to the object as a whole. In addition, the proposed technical device provides strength, reliability and durability of the structure, resistance to humid and aggressive environments, and also reduces the cost of construction by simplifying the manufacturing technology of products with a high level of design, environmental friendliness and reuse of recycled materials.

Claims (1)

Fire-resistant door unit containing a door frame fixed in a wall opening and a door hinged to it, consisting of wooden posts and lintels with a door leaf filled with a protective film, characterized in that, in order to reduce weight, increase sound and heat insulation properties in it, racks and jumpers are made hollow from lightweight steel concrete with a facing protective layer by incorporating thin-walled profile pipes made of galvanized sheet steel, wrapped with wire mesh up to six turns, and to increase strength and crack resistance, they are additionally fixed with a spatial frame made of a wire of a periodic profile with a diameter of 3-6 mm, reinforced with CPVS grids from three to six rows on each side, followed by laying in a vibropress mold and filling it with concrete mix layer by layer compaction and hardening.

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