RU2462021C1 - Concave - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agricultural industry and may be used to improve the design of the threshing machine of harvesters. The concave consists of a rigid grid made according to the radius and covering the bottom of the drum. The middle part of the concave consists of several rows of curved bars of rectangular cross section. The bars are rigidly fixed on the axes mounted in the side planks of the thresher with the possibility of their rotation by pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders, each of which sets in motion a half of planks. On the lateral surfaces of the planks the rectangular pins are rigidly attached at right angles to them with an equal spacing. In the middle of the concave flush with the side planks the plate is rigidly fixed with a cross-section in the form of an isosceles triangle. The planks of the concave have corresponding triangular grooves with the ability of their entrance to a specified plank.

EFFECT: claimed implementation of the concave enables to reduce the time of its cleaning when clogging, and thereby to improve the performance of the harvester.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to combine construction, to a threshing apparatus, and can be used to improve the threshing apparatus of a combine harvester.

The well-known deck of the combine harvester "Niva", "Kolos", "Don", described in the book by A.N. Karpenko and V.M.Khalansky. Agricultural machines, M., 1989, pp. 270-273.

The specified deck consists of a lattice enveloping the drum at a certain angle, has the ability to control the gap between the drum and deck. However, its significant drawback is its constant clogging when harvesting wet breads, and self-cleaning is not provided, which leads to a decrease in the performance of combines.

The objective of the invention is to mechanize the operation of cleaning the deck when driving, and thereby increase the performance of the combine.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the deck of the combine harvester consists of a rigid lattice made along the radius and covering the drum from the bottom, while the middle part of the deck is made of several rows of at least two, symmetrically repeating the arcuate shape of the side concave ramps of rectangular cross section, fixed rigidly on axes that are pivotally mounted in the sides of the combine thresher with the possibility of rotation by a certain angle down with the help of a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, pivotally mounted on the side from the outside The thresher of the combine thresher is symmetrical, and each drives half of the slats, and the axis of the front row of slats is rigidly attached to the short lever pivotally mounted on the front head of one pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, and the second row of slats is rigidly attached to its axis and to the short lever, and it, in turn, is pivotally connected to the head of the second pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, while on the lateral surfaces of the strips it is perpendicular to them with the same pitch in a checkerboard pattern relative to the adjacent strap and at a distance equal to the width of the slave eyes, the edges of the plank, rectangular pins are rigidly attached downward from it, which can be lined with soft elastic material, for example rubber, and, in addition, in the middle of the deck from above the capillary with planks, the plank is rigidly fixed in cross section in the form of an isosceles triangle with smoothly rounded ends, and at the side strips corresponding triangular grooves are made with the possibility of their entry on the specified bar, moreover, on the side of each groove in one row of strips - on the left, on the other row - on the right there are plate fixes satators.

New significant features of the invention:

- the middle part of the deck is made of several rows, at least two, symmetrically repeating the arcuate shape of the side concave strips of a rectangular cross-section of the strips fixed rigidly on the axes, which are pivotally mounted in the sides of the thresher with the possibility of rotation through some angle down using pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders fixed from the outside it is articulated on the sides of the thresher symmetrically, and each drives half of the strips,

- the axis of the front row of planks is rigidly attached to a short lever pivotally mounted on the front head of one pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, and the second row of planks is rigidly attached to its axis and to a short lever, and it is pivotally connected to the head of the second pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder,

- on the side surfaces of the strips perpendicular to them with the same pitch in a staggered pattern relative to the adjacent stripe and at a distance equal to the width of the working edge of the stripe, and rectangular pins that can be lined with soft elastic material, for example rubber, are rigidly attached downward from it;

- in the middle of the deck from above flush with the sides, the bar is rigidly fixed in cross section in the form of an isosceles triangle with smoothly rounded ends,

- at the sidewall corresponding triangular grooves are made with the possibility of their entry into the specified bar,

- on the side of each groove in one row of sidewalls - on the left, in the other - on the right, plate spring clamps are installed.

The above new essential features, together with the known ones, are necessary and sufficient to achieve a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

The technical result - increased productivity by reducing downtime from clogging the drum and quick cleaning is achieved due to the fact that:

- the middle part of the deck is made of several rows, at least two, symmetrical for dynamic balance, repeating the arcuate shape of the concave sides of the rectangular section of the strips, fixed rigidly on the axes, which are pivotally mounted in the sides of the concave to ensure the rotation of the strips,

- the use of a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder to drive the rotation of the slats allows you to mechanize the cleaning process and significantly accelerate it compared to the manual method,

- the installation of hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders outside the thresher and symmetrically allows you to evenly distribute the forces on the frame during their action,

- the installation of rectangular pins makes it possible to maintain friction when threshing the ears, and lining them with elastic material - to reduce grain crushing,

- the installation of a triangular cross-sectional strip in the middle of the deck allows you to support the strips and improve the threshing process,

- fixing the strips with spring clips allows you to grind the ears more intensively, to reduce the milling,

- the implementation of the Central rigid strip with rounded ends can reduce the abrasion of straw and grain crushing. Figure 1 shows a front view of the proposed deck, and the sides 9 and 10 of the combine threshing machine are not shown for clarity, figure 2 shows a top view of the deck, figure 3 shows a view along arrow A on the working edge of the left bar, FIG. 4 shows a view of B on the working edge of the right bar, figure 5 shows a view of the node 1 in a triangular groove in the bar.

Deck device

The deck of the combine harvester consists of a rigid lattice 1, made along the radius and covering the drum from the bottom. The middle part 2 of the deck is made of several rows, at least two, symmetrically repeating the arcuate shape of the strips 3 of the concave of the rectangular section of the strips 4, fixed rigidly on the axes 5 and 6, which are pivotally mounted in the side strips 3 of the concave with the possibility of rotation by a certain angle down using - or hydraulic cylinders 7 and 8, pivotally mounted externally on the sidewalls 9 and 10 of the combine threshing machine symmetrically, and each drives half the slats, and the axis 5 of the front row of slats is rigidly attached to the short lever 11, pos bent on the front head 12 of one pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 7, and the second row of straps 4 is rigidly attached to its axis 6 and to the short lever 13, and it, in turn, is pivotally connected to the head 14 of the second pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 8. On the lateral surfaces of the strips 4 perpendicular to them with the same pitch in a staggered pattern relative to the adjacent strip at a distance equal to the width of the working edge of the strip 4, rectangular pins 15 are attached downwards from it, which can be lined with soft elastic material, for example rubber. In the middle of the deck, it is flush on top with side planks and has a rigidly fixed plank 16 in cross section in the form of an isosceles triangle with smoothly rounded ends. The strips 4 are made corresponding triangular grooves 17 with the possibility of entering them on the specified strip 16, and on the side of each groove 17 on one row of the strips - on the left, on the other row - on the right there are plate spring clips 18.

The work of the deck consists in the fact that when the threshing device is driven in, the machine is stopped, the straps 4 are brought down with hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders and the drum is idle scrolled. At this time, the clogged mass falls into the formed space for cleaning and the deck cleans itself. All this can be done without leaving the cab of the combine.

Claims (1)

The deck of the combine harvester, consisting of a rigid lattice made along the radius and covering the drum from below, characterized in that the middle part of the deck is made of several rows of at least two, symmetrical repeating the arcuate shape of the side concave strips, a rectangular cross-section of the strips fixed rigidly on the axes, which are pivotally mounted in the sides of the thresher with the possibility of rotation by a certain angle down with the help of pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders fixed pivotally on the sides of the thresher of the combine harvester Typically, each one drives half of the slats, and the axis of the front row of slats is rigidly attached to a short lever pivotally mounted on the front head of one pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, and the second row of slats is rigidly attached to its axis and to the short lever, and he the turn is pivotally connected to the head of the second pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, while on the lateral surfaces of the strips perpendicular to them with the same pitch in a checkerboard pattern relative to the adjacent strip and at a distance equal to the width of the working edge of the strip, down from it rectangular pins are tightly attached, which can be lined with soft elastic material, for example rubber, and, in addition, in the middle of the deck from above flush with the side planks, the plank is rigidly fixed in cross section in the form of an isosceles triangle with smoothly rounded ends, and the corresponding triangular planks are made grooves with the possibility of their entry on the specified level, and on the side of each groove on one row of side strips - on the left, on the other row - on the right there are plate clamps.

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