RU2454497C1 - Elastic terminal - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: elastic terminal contains spring terminal and electric insulator. Electric insulator is made using method of moulding together with spring terminal as a whole part, it contains support surface for contact with upper side of rail base, support surface for contact with lateral side of rail base and support surface for contact with anchor of rail fastening made at angle α=0-10° to vertical surface passing through axis of spring terminal rod. Support surface for support on anchor of rail fastening contains V-shaped backfall made in horizontal plane at an angle 0 < β ≤ 30° to axis of spring terminal rod with possibility of railway gauge setup.

EFFECT: reducing labour intensity of manufacture and erection works, improving reliability of rail fastening and its service life.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the upper structure of a railway track, and in particular, to terminal structures used in intermediate rail fasteners for fastening railway rails to sleepers.

Known spring terminal for rail rail fastening, made of a rod of elastic material with the formation of a B-shaped in the plane of the terminal containing a straight rail section, the ends of which are smoothly connected to the lateral extended sections, and the arcuate nashpal sections located behind them are connected to the end sections, bent inside the terminal; the part of each arc head section located closer to the end section is bent in a plane perpendicular to the terminal plane, the magnitude of the curvature is commensurate with the radius of the terminal rod (RU Patent No. 22525287 C2, class E01B 9/00, 9/48, publ. 2004).

The disadvantages of this spring terminal are as follows:

- for electrical insulation of the terminal relative to the rail, special electrical insulating elements (corners, gaskets) are required, which complicates the process of automating the assembly of spring terminals in rail fasteners and increases the cost of installation work;

- the surface of the insulating element in contact with the rod of the spring terminal is subjected to intense wear due to the abrasive particles of the ballast of the rail track falling on it, which reduces the service life of the rail fastening;

- manufacturing independently two parts of the spring terminal and the insulating element increases the complexity and cost of rail fastening.

Known rail fastening on reinforced concrete sleepers, a mechanical device for attaching a rail to a reinforced concrete sleepers which has a two-component vibration-insulating and electrical insulating gasket made of composite material mounted on a part of a spring terminal in contact with the rail surface (US Patent No. 6572027, class E01B 13/00, publ. 2003).

The disadvantages of rail fastening are

- a small contact area of the insulating gasket associated with the design of the spring terminal increases the specific loads during operation of the terminal, increases the wear of the gasket and reduces its service life;

- the nozzle on the terminal of the insulating gasket does not exclude the possibility of abrasive particles entering the contact area of the spring terminal and the insulating gasket, which also increases its wear and reduces the service life of rail fastening;

- the presence of an autonomous insulating element on the sides of the rail sole reduces the reliability of rail fastening and increases the complexity of its installation work.

A known electrical insulator for rail fastening terminals, adopted as a prototype, the elastic terminal of which is equipped with an electrical insulator having a convex semicircular supporting surface or ring shape, and can be rotated on the clamping section of the terminal, the thickness of the insulator is variable, which allows you to change the height of the position of the clamping section of the terminal relative to the shelf of the sole of the rail (GE, patent No. 2295178, CL E01B 9/30, publ. 1998).

The disadvantages of the known electrical insulator are

- the presence of an autonomous insulating element on the sides of the sole of the rail, not associated with the insulators of the terminal, reduces the reliability of rail fastening and increases the complexity of installation work;

- the semicircular surface of the insulator or in the form of a ring reduces its supporting surface, increases specific loads and reduces the resource of its work;

- the possibility of falling into the contact zone of the semicircular surface of the insulator and the surface of the rail of abrasive particles also reduces the resource and reliability of the electrical insulator and rail fastening;

- there is no possibility of adjusting the width of the rail track, which narrows the technical capabilities of the electrical insulator.

The technical result of the invention is

- reducing the complexity of manufacturing and installation work by performing an electrical insulator and a spring terminal in the form of a single part and providing the possibility of mechanization of the installation process of the spring terminal in rail fastening;

- improving the reliability and service life of rail fastening by equalizing the efforts of pressing the electrical insulator to the upper surface of the rail sole and eliminating the ingress of abrasive particles into the contact zone of the rod of the spring terminal and insulator and into the contact zone of the insulator and the upper surface of the rail sole and providing more reliable electrical insulation of the fastening off the rail;

- expanding technical capabilities through the introduction of a wedge bevel in a horizontal plane to set the width of the rail gauge.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the elastic terminal comprising a spring terminal and an electrical insulator made by molding together with the spring terminal as a single part is integral with it and contains a contact surface for contact with the upper side of the rail sole, a contact surface for contact with the side of the rail sole and the supporting surface for contact with the rail fastening anchor, made at an angle α = 0-10 ° to the vertical plane passing through the axis of the spring bar oh terminal; the supporting surface for supporting the rail fastening anchor comprises a wedge bevel made in a horizontal plane at an angle of 0 <β≤30 ° to the axis of the spring terminal rod with the possibility of setting the rail track width.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the elastic terminal and figure 2 is a top view of figure 1.

The elastic terminal (FIGS. 1 and 2) contains a spring terminal 1 and an electrical insulator 2, made by molding together with the spring terminal 1 as a single part, is integral with it and contains a supporting surface 3 for contact with the upper side of the rail sole, supporting the surface 4 for contact with the side of the sole of the rail and the supporting surface 5 for support on the anchor rail fastening, made at an angle α = 0-10 ° to the vertical plane passing through the axis of the rod of the spring terminal 1; the supporting surface 5 for supporting the rail fastening anchor comprises a wedge bevel 6 made in the horizontal plane at an angle of 0 <β≤30 ° to the axis of the rod 1 of the spring terminal with the possibility of setting the rail track width.

The operation of the elastic terminal.

When the vehicle passes and the vertical and horizontal dynamic forces act on the rail, the vibration-insulating rail linings are deformed, the magnitude of which depends on their rigidity and the magnitude of the acting loads. The rail makes vertical and horizontal oscillatory motions relative to the railroad ties, while the elastic terminals preload the rail sole through vibration-isolating rail gaskets to the railroad ties, acting as a damper to reduce the influence of the acting dynamic loads on the ballast layer of the railroad track, and keep the rail from tilting. The implementation of the electrical insulator 2 and the spring terminal 1 in the form of a single part makes it possible to increase the reliability and service life of the rail fastening due to the equalization of the pressing force along the length of the insulator to the upper surface of the rail base and the exclusion of particles in the contact zone of the spring terminal 1 and the electrical insulator 2 in zone of contact with the upper surface of the rail sole and provide more reliable electrical insulation of the rail fastening, and the introduction of the wedge bevel 8 in the horizontal plane d There is the possibility of setting the rail track width, for example, when the rail is worn, and expands the operational capabilities of the elastic terminal.

Claims (2)

1. An elastic terminal comprising a spring terminal and an electrical insulator, characterized in that the electrical insulator is formed by molding together with the spring terminal as a single part, is integral with it and contains a supporting surface for contact with the upper side of the rail sole, a supporting surface for contact with the side of the sole of the rail and the supporting surface for contact with the anchor rail fastening, made at an angle α = 0-10 ° to the vertical plane passing through the axis of the rod of the spring terminal. 2. The elastic terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting surface for supporting the rail fastening anchor comprises a wedge bevel made in a horizontal plane at an angle of 0 <β≤30 ° to the axis of the spring terminal rod with the possibility of setting the rail track width.

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