RU2453762C1 - Artificial illumination lamps to light rooms and/or cages for birds and artificial illumination method to light rooms and/or cages for birds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: lamp is comprised of a body in the form of translucent tubular bulb with light diodes being located inside this bulb on the extended boards, at least in tow rows. Besides, maximums of light diodes direction patterns in each row are located under the angle to each other. The longitudinal grooves are made opposite to each other and on the internal surface of translucent tubular bulb. The body is provided with bases having their flanges located in the longitudinal bulb grooves so that they can be shifted or fixed. The extended boards of light diodes contact with the above bases. The artificial illumination method to light rooms or cages for birds and to affect birds with luminous radiation is implemented with the help of the above mentioned lamp.

EFFECT: production of durable, reliable in operation and practically feasible lamp based on light diodes with related method of artificial lighting.

8 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely to industrial poultry farming, and can be used in poultry rearing at cage or floor keeping.

Known LED illuminator containing a voltage Converter connected through a rectifier diode bridge with at least one LED, parallel to which a capacitive filter is connected, and these elements are placed on a printed circuit board, which is located inside a translucent housing made with current-carrying leads, while the housing made in the form of a tube, and the LEDs are evenly distributed along the entire length of the circuit board [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2354084 from 09.06.2007, IPC Н05В 37/00, publ. 04/27/2009]. The illuminator can be used in lamp housings instead of incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, etc. and has enhanced performance, such as efficiency, durability, reliability and environmental friendliness.

The disadvantages of the device - an alternative to incandescent lamps currently used - include the fact that the illuminator is an independent finished product, all of whose elements are located on a printed circuit board located inside the housing, which makes the illuminator several times more expensive than traditional lamps . The use of such a illuminator for artificial illumination of cages with a bird is not economically feasible.

Known LED phytoprojector containing a housing with light elements consisting of groups of LEDs with different emission spectra, a power supply and a control system, while the housing is made in the form of a rectangular frame made of a U-shaped channel, the LEDs are located on the boards, the boards are installed in one a row in transparent sealed shades made in the form of tubes of a shaped profile with guides located inside for mounting boards, and shades are installed inside the case with a gap relative to the other d friend in several parallel rows so that the central axis of the light fluxes of the LEDs are directed to one side to the front surface of the housing and perpendicular to its plane [Description of the invention to the RF patent No. 2369086 of 01/15/2008, IPC A01G 9/20, publ. 10/10/2009]. The phytoprojector provides a low heating temperature of the case and a low voltage, is durable, not afraid of splashes, does not impede the penetration of radiation from external light sources to the illuminated object, and is able to provide the necessary spectral composition of radiation for plants.

The disadvantages of the design of the searchlight include its large size, required for more complete coverage of the room, and the need for forced cooling of the LEDs. It is for this reason that the plafonds are made in the form of tubes - it is most convenient to drive air through them to remove heat from the LEDs, and the spotlight itself consists of many plafonds, which, if not forced cooling, could be successfully exchanged for one translucent cover. In addition, forced cooling of LEDs has a peculiarity - unprepared air contains small dust particles that settle on the inner surface of the ceiling, not succumbing to subsequent removal, which reduces the brightness of the lamp and the spectral composition of the light. As a result, the design of the well-known phytoprojector and its elements cannot be used for artificial lighting of birds.

It is known that in the installation for stimulating fattening and increasing feed digestibility in poultry of meat breeds, a lamp is used that contains a light cable formed from sequentially arranged in a translucent sheath in two rows at equal intervals on elongated current-carrying elements of point sources of visible light radiation made in the form of LEDs, the radiation from which propagates in different directions due to a special section of the shell and the presence of a reflector [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2165694 dated 03/29/1999, IPC ⁷ A01K 31/00, A01K 45/00, publ. 04/27/2001]. Lighting sources are configured to work in one specific part of the spectrum of visible radiation, which allows the use of biological rhythms of birds to maximize their implementation in achieving high productivity.

The complex design of the translucent shell of a special section and the luminaire as a whole makes its use unprofitable. In addition, the forced dispersion of directional radiation, characteristic of LEDs, requires the use of more powerful modifications, which, without organizing forced heat removal, can lead to overheating of the emitter (crystal) and, accordingly, its accelerated degradation.

A generalized technical solution is known for a luminaire containing LEDs installed in an arbitrary shape and made in the form of at least two sections of LEDs, each of which is connected to its own power supply unit containing a converter and ballast chokes connected in parallel through a normally closed contact of the temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor and LED sections are mounted on a cooling radiator [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2313199 of 11.24.2006, IPC Н05В 33/02, F21S 4/00, publ. 12/20/2007]. The lamp is characterized by an increased service life and operational reliability due to thermal stabilization of the operating mode of the LEDs and in duplication of light sources - LEDs.

The disadvantages of the well-known lamp should include inadequate design, allowing to implement it with many independent original technical solutions. In addition, the main element of the luminaire is its unique cooling system, which makes it possible to use it in various spheres of human activity. However, this lamp cannot be used, for example, to artificially illuminate cages with a bird, since its redundant functions, reproduced many times, unnecessarily increase the cost of maintaining a bird.

A device is known for ultraviolet irradiation of animals and birds, containing a radiation source made in the form of an LED operating in the ultraviolet range, the LED being mounted on the wall and / or ceiling of the room for keeping animals and birds and / or paired with technological equipment - a feeder and / or a drinker and / or a cage for the possibility of exposure to UV radiation on the irradiated object in a controlled mode and with reduced general illumination of the room [Description of the utility model to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 91677 dated 06/11/2008, M PC A61D 99/00, publ. 02.27.20l0]. As a result, the energy intensity of the process of ultraviolet irradiation of animals and birds is reduced, the life of the irradiators is increased.

The disadvantage of this device is the unevenness of illumination of the territory occupied by the bird, characteristic of single LEDs. For example, when broilers are grown for meat, the strongest individuals will occupy a lit place, pushing weaker relatives from it. As a result, the number of birds will develop unevenly, and the output of marketable products will decrease.

Known designs of LED lighting fixtures ISO-1 "Chameleon", designed to illuminate the premises for the maintenance of poultry floor and cage and animals [see The website of NTP TECHNOSVET GROUP at http://www.ntp-ts.ru /, LED lamps - http: //www.ntp -ts.ru/svetodiodnye_svetilniki/]. The luminaire is an aluminum casing that can be changed depending on the required length characteristics, with at least two rows of boards with LEDs installed in it.

The disadvantage of these luminaires is that the maxima of the radiation patterns of the LEDs of each row coincide, and this makes the luminaire a directional emitter with the formation of even a large but light spot, where the strongest and largest birds gather. Other birds are forced to be content with less bright lighting, which ultimately leads to a delay in their development and, as a result, insufficiently stable and uniform weight of the livestock in the herd.

The problem solved by the first invention of the group and the technical result achieved is to create a durable, reliable in operation and technologically advanced in the manufacture of a luminaire based on LED technology that implements a new method of artificial lighting and has advanced functionality in ensuring uniform lighting of the maximum possible space of the room and / or bird cages. An additional result will be a reduction in the cost of manufacturing the lamp and, as a consequence, the cultivation of poultry.

To solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical result, a lamp for artificial lighting of premises and / or cages for poultry includes a housing in the form of a light-transmitting tubular bulb with at least two rows of LEDs placed inside it on elongated boards, with the maximum radiation pattern of the LEDs each of the rows are located at an angle to each other, while on the inner surface of the light transmitting tube bulb there are opposed longitudinal grooves, and elongated LED boards are in contact with the bases, the flanges of which are located in the longitudinal grooves of the bulb with the possibility of displacement and subsequent fixation.

Besides:

- the bases are bent to form pads for contact with elongated LED boards arranged at an angle to each other;

- the bases are made flat, and the elongated boards are in contact with them by means of intermediate wedge-shaped gaskets;

- longitudinal grooves are displaced upward relative to the horizontal axis of symmetry of the tubular flask;

- inside the light-transmitting tube bulb, with the possibility of relying on the back surfaces of the bases located on the side opposite to the placement of the LEDs, there is an electric cable for connecting them to a power source;

- at the ends of the light-transmitting tube bulb are plugs, at least one of which is made with a channel for the output of the electric cable, and the plugs are equipped with brackets for hanging in the room and / or cage;

- light-transmitting tubular flask made with a length not exceeding the length of the cell.

There is a traditional method of artificial lighting of a room for outdoor bird keeping, including exposure to birds with light radiation from spotlights spaced across the volume of the room [Description of the invention to patent EP No. 0064175 of 04/10/1982, IPC ³ A01K 31/00, FIG. 1, publ. 11/28/1984].

Also known is a method of artificial illumination of cages for keeping birds, including exposure of birds to light from a spotlight located in the volume of the cage [Description of the invention to patent WO No. 01/00013 of 06/28/1999, IPC ⁷ A01K 31/00, FIGS. 3 and 4 publ. January 4, 2001].

In both cases, spotlights form light spots on the floor of the room or cage, where the strongest and largest birds gather. Other birds are forced to be content with less bright lighting, which ultimately leads to a delay in their development and, as a result, insufficiently stable weight of the livestock within the herd.

A fairly new method for illumination of a bird at a cage is known for the present time, implemented on an appropriate installation, including a system of light sources distributed along the cells, made in the form of a flexible fiber with a radiating side surface, one of the ends of which is coupled to a powerful radiation source [Description of the invention to the patent RF №2095974 dated 03.20.1997, IPC ⁶ A01K 31/00, A01K 45/00, F21V 8/00, publ. 11/20/1997]. The technical result is to increase the efficiency of the lighting process, reducing operating costs and expanding technological capabilities.

The disadvantage of this solution is the presence of only one, albeit powerful, light source, which, in the event of a burnout or some kind of malfunction, leads the bird to a stressful state. In addition, maintaining the optical fiber in proper cleanliness, providing the necessary and stable level of illumination of the cell volume, is a rather complicated and expensive task, as a result of which this solution has not been put into practice.

Lighting of houses with LEDs combines the low cost of spotlights based on incandescent lamps and high quality lighting based on a flexible light guide.

The problem solved by the second invention of the group and the technical result achieved are to create another method for artificial lighting of premises and / or cages for poultry based on a durable, reliable in operation and technologically advanced in the manufacture of a lamp based on LED technology, which has advanced functionality in terms of providing uniform illumination of the maximum possible space of the room and / or cage. An additional result will be a reduction in the cost of rearing poultry.

To solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical result in the method of artificial lighting of the room and / or cages for keeping birds, including exposure to birds with light radiation, the latter is formed using lamps according to any one of the variants of the first invention of the group.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 in cross section shows the basic design of the lamp for artificial lighting of premises and / or cages for keeping birds;

- figure 2 shows a view And figure 1 is a view of the lamp from below;

- figure 3-6 shows some options for the placement of LEDs in the lamp bulb;

- Fig.7 shows a General view of the lamp assembly;

- Fig. 8 shows a circuit diagram of a lamp.

A lamp for artificial lighting of rooms and / or cages for poultry, the dimensions of which are determined, as a rule, by the length of the cage (for example, do not exceed the length of its internal space), includes a housing, which is a light-transmitting tubular bulb 1 placed inside it on elongated boards 2 at least two rows of LEDs 3, and the maxima of the radiation patterns of the LEDs 3 of each row are located at an angle a to each other, while on the inner surface of the light transmitting tubular the flasks 1 have opposed longitudinal grooves 4, and the elongated LED boards 2 are in contact with the bases 5, the flanges 6 of which are located in the longitudinal grooves 4 of the flask 1 with the possibility of displacement and subsequent fixation.

The bases 5, which are, as a rule, the simplest parts of the same type, the number of which depends on the length of the lamp and, accordingly, the tubular bulb 1, are spaced along it and can be bent (see figures 1, 3 and 4) with the formation of platforms 7 for contact with the elongated boards 2 of the LEDs 3 arranged at an angle α to each other, but can also be made flat (see FIGS. 5 and 6), and the elongated boards 2 contact them by means of intermediate wedge-shaped gaskets 8. Under the term “flat base” such a construct should be understood iju base 5, which has a single surface (the shared space 7) for placing all at once (typically two or three, but may be more) rows of elongated boards 2 with corresponding gaskets 8 underneath.

The longitudinal grooves 4 on the inner surface of the bulb 1 are positioned upward relative to its horizontal axis of symmetry, which provides the necessary working space for the free placement of several rows of LEDs 3 at once without their contact with the walls of the bulb 1.

Inside the light-transmitting tube bulb 1, with the possibility of resting on the back surfaces of the bases 5, located on the side opposite to the placement of the LEDs 3, and, to some extent, on the same back sections of the elongated boards 2, located at an angle a to each other, an electric cable 9 for connecting them to a power source 10. The connection of the electric cable 9 with the elongated boards 2 of the LEDs 3 is conventionally not shown.

At the ends of the light-transmitting tube bulb 1 are plugs 11, at least one of which 11 'is provided with a channel 12 for the output of the electric cable 9, and the plugs 11 (11') are provided with brackets 13 for hanging in the room and / or cage.

A method of artificial lighting of a room and / or cages for keeping a bird includes exposing the birds to light radiation generated by the aforementioned lamp, according to any one of its embodiments.

Considering that the cells have, as a rule, an elongated shape, for their illumination it is most optimal to use only one elongated, conditionally sealed lamp. To illuminate a room with birds, you can use a lamp specially designed for the required length or use several conditionally sealed lamps designed for a typical cage. Conditional tightness is needed for routine disinfection and, accordingly, for cleaning the house and / or cages before starting a new herd of birds (chickens).

You should pay attention to some features of the technical solution of the lamp.

As you know, LEDs have a feature that imposes restrictions on their use as a diffused light source. The crystal emits light energy into the surrounding space unevenly. In the direction of the most intense light flux of the LED, a light spot is formed with a certain scattering angle - this is the so-called maximum radiation pattern of the LED. To obtain uniform illumination of a surface or space, it is necessary to use high power LEDs or a large number of low power LEDs. Large LEDs are less economical, require forced cooling, and their light may not meet the requirements for keeping a bird under artificial lighting. Low power LEDs need to be arranged so that they form a guaranteed diffused light, do not heat up from each other, and, in addition, the lamp design must be technologically advanced, and the lamp itself must be lightweight and cheap to manufacture.

As it turned out, an elongated lamp with a tubular bulb 1 and many simple bases 5, fixed with their flanges 6 in grooves 4 and having the simplest shaped or bent shape (Figs. 1, 3 and 4) or a flat form (Fig. 1) is most suitable for this purpose. 5 and b) with intermediate wedge-shaped gaskets 8 for mounting elongated boards 2 on them with LEDs 3 assembled on specialized equipment. To form the total luminous flux, the LEDs 3 are arranged, for example, in two or three rows arranged at a certain angle to each other. By preserving the maximum radiation pattern of each typical LED 3, it was possible to obtain stray light of the required brightness. It should be borne in mind that the lamp's own thermal radiation to the bird can be neglected, and the issue of cooling its LEDs 3 has been resolved due to stringent requirements for the temperature of the bird, which does not exceed 35 ° C. Electronic equipment that ensures the operation of lamps, the number of which can reach 200 or more pieces per house, is removed from the lamp to power and control cabinets located in the house or in the utility room. Thus, a technical contradiction was resolved - a new LED lamp of the required luminous power was created, durable, not using forced cooling, sealed for periodic treatment with detergents and disinfectants, technologically advanced to manufacture and cheap. Unfortunately, its use is limited mainly by artificial lighting of rooms and / or cages for keeping birds. In all other cases (with the exception of places with controlled room temperature), under certain conditions, accelerated, unpredictable degradation of LED 3 crystals and, as a result, a reduction in the standard lamp life is possible.

Using this lamp allows you to implement a unique method of artificial lighting of the room and / or cages for keeping birds, when the cage space or area of the room is lit evenly, without the formation of characteristic light and temperature spots. This is most important when raising chickens, especially in the early days of their life. As a result of the use of such lighting, the poultry population is characterized by uniform development and stable weight gain, without an obvious division into strong and weaker individuals.

Examples of the invention

Example 1. It is necessary to manufacture an LED lamp for artificial lighting of broiler chickens contained in a cage measuring 2.0 × 3.0 × 0.5 m.

For the manufacture of the luminaire, a light-transmitting tube flask 1 with a length of 2 m is used, on the inner surface of which there are opposed longitudinal grooves 4 for placement of flanges 6 of the bases 5 in them. A longitudinal corrugation is applied to part of the inner surface of the flask 1 to conceal the back design of the luminaire with its cable filling "And giving the lamp the best decorative properties. To obtain a luminous flux from a luminaire of 1200 lm, it is necessary to use low-power LEDs 3 - RF-INRA30DS-ED - REFOND ( www.refond.com/product/topled/6.html ) with a light intensity of 1800-2100 mcd in an amount of 240 pieces, which 24 pieces are placed on one elongated printed circuit board 2 with a step of 10 mm between the LEDs 3. Thus, for example, a pair of elongated circuit boards 2 is made, which are placed in the lamp bulb 1 in series in two rows and are electrically connected to each other. The strength characteristics of the prepared boards 2 provide the possibility of their free placement inside the flask 1 in two rows, while the possible deviations of the shape of the boards 2 from flatness and straightness, for example deflection, are compensated by the necessary number of bases 5 located in the grooves 4 of the flask 1, as well as their uniform distribution over the length of the board 3 and fixed fastening with it, for example, gluing or riveting.

To obtain the required angle α between the maxima of the radiation patterns of the LEDs 3 of each row, which is preferably 60 ° to 120 °, bent and corner profiles are used as bases 5 (see Figs. 1, 3 and 4).

From the side opposite to the placement of two rows of LEDs 3, they have a cable 9 and provide a group electrical connection between them. The elongated boards 3 assembled with the bases 5 are inserted inside the flask 1, sequentially placing the flanges 6 of each base 5 in the grooves 4, and fixed with plugs 11, having previously passed through one of them 11 'cable 9. The lamp is suspended from the ceiling of the cell and connected to a power source 10. The radiation produced by LEDs 3 is more uniform and favorable in comparison with the radiation of known luminescent and other lamps, illuminates the entire useful space of the cage and floor, which eliminates the need for the bird to seek and / or conquer more Fortney and better living conditions. This will allow broiler chickens to gain and more evenly gain marketable weight.

Temperature-controlled conditions for keeping birds provide the necessary longevity of the lamp without using forced cooling of the LEDs 3. This alone can significantly simplify the design of the lamp and reduce the cost of its production. As a result, the lamp becomes competitive in comparison with the most popular luminescent light sources. At the same time, the LED lamp made according to the invention is washed and / or disinfected at the same time as the cage without compromising performance.

Example 2. In the manufacture of the lamp according to Example 1 as a base 5, you can use a flat profile (see figure 5 and 6).

The assembly of such a luminaire is also carried out similarly to Example 1, with the only difference that the required angle α of the maxima of the radiation patterns of the LEDs 3 of each row is provided by using intermediate wedge-shaped spacers 8. Practice shows that for the manufacture of a two- and three-row version of the luminaire, one size of the spacers is sufficient 8 with a wedge angle α / 2. This lamp performs the same lighting method as in Example 1.

In addition to the listed examples, other options for the design of the lamp are possible - everything will determine the specific performance of the bases 5 and their placement in the grooves 4 of the bulb 1. In particular, the following options are possible:

- LEDs 3 are mounted in rows on the platform 7 both outside (Fig. 1) of the corner profile of the base 5 and inside (Fig. 3);

- LEDs 3 are mounted in rows on a "flat" base 5 by means of spacers 8 and are directed both in different directions (Fig. 5) and towards each other (Fig. 6);

- the number of rows of LEDs 3 - two or three - their further increase significantly complicates the design of the lamp.

As a result of the use of the inventions, a durable, reliable in operation and technologically advanced in the manufacture of a lamp based on LED technology was created that implements a new method of artificial lighting and has enhanced functionality in terms of ensuring uniform illumination of the maximum possible space of the room and / or bird cage. Additionally, the costs of manufacturing a lamp and, as a consequence, the cultivation of poultry were reduced.

Claims (8)

1. A lamp for artificial lighting of premises and / or bird cages, comprising a housing in the form of a light transmitting tube bulb with at least two rows of LEDs placed inside it on elongated boards, with the maximum radiation pattern of the LEDs of each row at an angle to each other, while on the inner surface of the light-transmitting tubular bulb there are opposite longitudinal grooves, and the elongated LED boards are in contact with the bases, the flanges of which are laid in the longitudinal grooves of the flask with the possibility of displacement and subsequent fixation. 2. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the bases are curved to form pads for contact with elongated LED boards arranged at an angle to each other. 3. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the bases are made flat and the elongated boards are in contact with them by means of intermediate wedge-shaped gaskets. 4. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal grooves are offset upward relative to the horizontal axis of symmetry of the tubular bulb. 5. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that inside the light-transmitting tubular bulb, with the possibility of relying on the rear surfaces of the bases located on the side opposite to the placement of the LEDs, there is an electric cable for connecting them to a power source. 6. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that at the ends of the light-transmitting tubular bulb are plugs, at least one of which is made with a channel for the output of the electric cable, and the plugs are equipped with brackets for hanging in the room and / or cage. 7. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the light-transmitting tube bulb is made with a length not exceeding the length of the cage. 8. A method of artificial lighting of a room and / or cages for keeping a bird, comprising exposing the birds to light radiation, characterized in that the light radiation is generated using lamps according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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