RU2452626C2 - Automatic hydraulic press - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: proposed press comprises body, bin for metal chips, working cylinder with extruding plunger, stationary guide rod, extrusion chamber, pre-compaction chamber and bar. Extrusion chamber is mounted to displace, driven by hydraulic cylinder, crosspiece and tie rods. Note here that working cylinder, extrusion chamber, bush and guide rod are arranged horizontally. Moving bar is arranged at angle not exceeding 45° to bin bottom. In bar displacement, bin opening is stopped to separate compacted metal chips from main bulk and feed them into pre-compaction chamber.

EFFECT: simplified design, power savings.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular to a press equipment for briquetting metal chips in a cold state.

A known method of briquetting metal chips and a device for its implementation (see RF patent No. 2266969 IPC С22В 1/248, С22В 7/00). The method includes crushing chips, mechanical extraction from the cutting fluid (coolant), heating to a temperature of 650-700 ° C and hot pressing. The content of coolant in the chip during mechanical extraction is adjusted to 2-4%, a metal or metal-abrasive slurry with a coolant content of 5-10% is introduced into the chip. The amount of sludge is dosed in the range of 5-25% by weight of the mixture, after which the mixture is molded into a porous layer with a density of 700-1400 kg / m ³ and passed through a heating zone with a ratio of length to cross-sectional size equal to 7-10. The speed of the layer is 0.06-0.1 m / min. Briquetting is carried out in a device including a crusher, centrifuge, heating furnace and briquetting press. The channel for moving the chips during heating is made in the form of a hollow muffle and two vibration mounts. Holes are made in the side walls of the muffle in such a way that the ratio of the distance between them in the longitudinal section of the muffle to the width of its inner cavity is in the range of 2.2-3.5, and the area of each of the holes with respect to the cross-sectional area of the cavity is 3-5 % EFFECT: invention allows briquetting shavings of low-ductility hardly deformable steels, as well as sludges transported before this to the dump, to eliminate dust emission into the working space of the furnace and into the atmosphere.

The disadvantages of the known press include large energy costs associated with hot pressing and the complexity of the design.

Known hydraulic press machine for briquetting metal chips with three stages of pressing (see description of copyright certificate No. 117636 - prototype), consisting of a metering device, a working cylinder with a multiplier built in it and with hydraulic cylinders for moving the mold and ejecting, pressing a plunger and a traverse, while the metering device is made in the form of a communicating two channels with a guiding funnel of a cylindrical cavity equipped with a blade that receives a swinging motion in pyr axis by sitting thereon pinion engaged with the rack, representing the servo rod.

The disadvantage of the known press machine can be attributed to the complexity of the design, consisting in the need to use a metering device for loading material and an additional device for unloading the briquette from the press machine.

The objective of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype, in particular the simplification of the design of the press and the associated reduction in energy costs for briquetting metal chips.

The task is achieved by combining the use of well-known features, such as the presence of a working hydraulic cylinder, a pressing plunger, a press chamber and a crosshead, and new features consisting in installing a preliminary seal chamber, a working cylinder, a press chamber, a sleeve and a guide rod horizontally, and the beam is installed at an angle of not more than 45 ° to the bottom of the receiving hopper with the possibility of moving, overlapping the hopper window with cutting off the compacted metal chips from the main volume and feeding it into the chamber ceiling elements seal.

The novelty of the proposed technical solution is the installation of a pre-seal chamber, a working cylinder, a press chamber, a sleeve and a guide rod horizontally, and the beam is installed at an angle of not more than 45 ° to the bottom of the receiving hopper with the ability to move, overlap the hopper window with cutting off the compacted metal shavings from the main volume and feeding it into the pre-compaction chamber.

This embodiment of the press machine allows metal shavings under the influence of their own weight through the window in the side wall of the hopper to enter the pre-compaction chamber, and installing the beam at an angle of not more than 45 ° to the bottom of the receiving hopper with the ability to move, overlap the window of the hopper with cutting off the compacted metal shavings from of the main volume and feeding it into the pre-compaction chamber allows the chip to be pressed into briquettes in proportion to the specified volumes, and under the influence of the briquette's own weight remove the last from the working area of the press machine.

According to the patent information search, the features of the proposed technical solution are new, industrially feasible and aimed at achieving the objectives of the invention.

Figure 1 schematically in longitudinal section shows the proposed press machine in a horizontal position.

Figure 2 shows a section aa in figure 1.

Figure 3 shows the means of pre-compaction of the chips associated with the window on the inclined wall of the hopper.

The press machine consists of a working cylinder 1 with a movable plunger 2, a movable press chamber 3, a removable sleeve 4 installed in the housing 5. The beam 6 is mounted in the housing 7 of the pre-seal means with the possibility of reciprocating movement, opening and closing the hopper window 8 9. The pre-compaction chamber is the cavity of the housing 7 and the cavity of the removable sleeve 4. The guide rod 10 is rigidly connected to the housing 5. The press chamber 3 is connected by means of rods 11 to the traverse 12 and to the rod 13 of the hydraulic cylinder. The chips pressed into the briquette 14 are removed from the working area of the press machine under their own weight. The bottom of the hopper 9 is made in the form of at least a tetrahedral pyramid, the top pointing down. The beam 6 and its body 7 are mounted on an inclined side wall of the hopper at an angle of not more than 45 degrees to its vertical axis. When the angle α is more than 45 degrees, it is difficult to supply the chips through the window 8 into the cavity of the chip pre-compaction means.

The proposed press machine operates as follows.

In the initial position, the rod of the working cylinder 1 with the movable plunger 2 is taken to the right, the press chamber 3 is shifted to the right and tightly pressed to the replaceable sleeve 4 installed in the housing 5. The bar 6 of the preliminary seal is raised up, the window 8 of the hopper is open for metal shavings to enter the cavity means of preliminary compaction.

The chips from the hopper 9 through the window 8 under the influence of their own weight are fed into the pre-compaction chamber - into the cavity of the casing 7 and into the cavity of the removable sleeve 4. When the bar 6 is moved down, the amount of chips specified by the cavities of the pre-compaction is cut off and pre-compacted until they coincide figured, made in the form of a part of the cylindrical surface of the cavity of the sleeve, the end of the beam. Then, the plunger 2 of the working cylinder 1 begins to act on the pre-compacted volume of the chips and moves the chips into the press chamber 3. In the cavity of the press chamber 3 between the ends of the fixed guide rod 10 and the plunger 2, the chips are pressed into the briquette 14 at the specified pressure. , when the specified pressure is reached, an electromechanical sensor (not shown in the drawing), a line integrated in the supplying working fluid to the working cylinder 1, gives a signal and the plunger 2 begins to move to the original th position. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder rod 13, connected through the yoke 12 and the rod 11 with the press chamber 3, moves the press chamber 3 to the left along the motionless mounted guide rod 10. When the press chamber 3 is displaced, the briquette 14, relying on the end face of the fixed rod 10, is removed from the cavity of the press chamber 3. The briquette 14, under the influence of its own weight, falls onto the tray or conveyor (not shown in the drawing) and transferred to the drive. After removing the briquette 14 from the working area of the press machine, the press chamber 3 by means of the rod 13 of the hydraulic cylinder and the beam 6 are returned to their original position. Subsequent operations of preliminary compaction of the chips and pressing are carried out in the same sequence.

Using the proposed press machine allows you to get briquettes with a constant predetermined bulk density.

Currently, the company has made a prototype of the proposed press machine for pressing metal chips, tests of which have shown positive results.

Claims (1)

A hydraulic press machine for briquetting metal chips in a cold state, comprising a housing, a hopper for metal chips, having a window for chips, a working cylinder with a pressing plunger, a fixed guide rod associated with the housing, a press chamber mounted for movement by means of a hydraulic cylinder, traverses and rods, a sleeve installed in the housing, characterized in that it is equipped with a pre-seal chamber and a beam, a working cylinder, a press chamber, a sleeve and a guide rod horizontally, and the beam is installed at an angle of not more than 45 ° to the bottom of the hopper with the ability to move, overlap the window of the hopper with cutting off the sealed metal shavings from the main volume and feeding it into the pre-compaction chamber.

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