RU2442432C1 - Method of chicken breeding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: poultry breeding.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to poultry breeding, aimed to be used in feed production and meat chicken breeding. The invention consists in insertion of feed supplement to feed. The supplement is a dry powder to the amount of 2.5-5.0 g per 1 kg of feed during first and second periods of breeding. At this the feed supplement includes, in mass.%: ascorbic acid - 5-15 and taurine amino acid - the rest.

EFFECT: invention allows cutting feed consumption per growth gain unit due to better feed conversion.

1 dwg, 5 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to poultry, is intended for use in feed production and growing meat chickens.

Taurine is an amino sulfonic acid that is not part of proteins and is the final product of the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids. In animals, taurine is formed from methionine and cystine. Taurine is an indispensable component of cat food, and its deficiency causes central retinal degeneration. Cats, unlike other species, cannot use glycine for these purposes. Taurine is found in substances of animal origin, in plants it is very small. Feeding cats during pregnancy and lactation with a bestaurin diet lowered their reproductive ability, the small weight of kittens at birth, poor survival and delayed development. Violations of the nervous function and skeleton growth also occurred. It has been found that a food content of 500 mg / kg dry matter (approximately 24 mg per MJ) is sufficient for cats to become pregnant (NRC, 1986). However, subsequently Pion et al. (1989) reported that maintaining a sufficient plasma taurine level requires a higher level of taurine in industrial canned cat food - 2000 mg / kg dry matter. Site (Cat's house).

A known method of growing young farm poultry (see paragraph No. 1713540 A1, class A23K 1/16), in which a solution of electrolytes (a mixture of copper sulfate, iron, manganese, zinc, potassium and sodium) is evaporated young farm birds in the first days of life together with ascorbic acid, which turned out to be closest to our invention and adopted by us as a prototype. The disadvantages of the method are:

- insufficient reduction in feed consumption - 4%;

- giving additives with water is technically complicated, because dissolved substances are very active in relation to the structural materials of the water supply system, and the use of running water supply makes it difficult to use this method;

- the amount of water consumed is influenced by many environmental factors, such as humidity of the air and feed, air temperature, therefore, the amount of additive consumed varies widely.

The technical result of the proposed method is to reduce the cost of feed per unit of increase due to the improvement of feed conversion.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method, including the introduction of ascorbic acid into the feed, according to the invention, the chickens from 5 to 40 days of age - the first and second growing periods - per 1 kg of feed is introduced a feed additive in the form of a dry powder, in an amount of 2.5 -5.0 g, while the feed additive contains, wt.%:

ascorbic acid 5-15

amino acid taurine - the rest.

The first and second periods of growth are characterized by intensively occurring metabolic processes, and stimulation during this period has a significant impact on further growth and development. The use of additives in the final growing period is not recommended, because motor activity and growth rate of poultry during this period is reduced, and the need for taurine is reduced. The use of dry powder contributes to thorough mixing with the feed, which provides a more accurate dosage of the introduced substances.

Taurine and ascorbic acid have antioxidant properties. In rapidly growing animals with a high activity of enzyme processes, even a slight adverse effect on the tissue can cause disruption of the work of free radicals in oxidative processes. The use of a mixture of the proposed additive components helps to protect the tissue from the adverse effects of excess free radicals.

Taurine normalizes the functioning of cell membranes and their permeability to electrolytes. Taurine helps improve the energy use of dietary fats, thereby increasing the energy supply of cellular processes with the same intake of fat from the diet.

Taurine accelerates the synthesis of muscle proteins, which is manifested by an increase in the gain in live weight of chickens.

The claimed technical result is obtained only in the totality of the claimed features.

The method of growing chickens is as follows.

For 1 kg of feed, a feed additive is introduced in the form of a dry powder in an amount of 2.5-5.0 g, while the feed additive contains, wt.%: Ascorbic acid 5-15; amino acid taurine - the rest. During the first and second periods of cultivation, the feed is fed together with the feed additive.

With these additive formulations, 2 experiments were carried out using different compound feeds on broiler chickens of cross-country SK-Rus 4.

Example 1. The implementation of the method was carried out on chickens from 5 to 20 days of age (the first period of growing). For the experiment, chickens are divided into groups according to the principle of pair-analogues. During the experiment, chickens are kept in KBU-3 cell batteries subject to microclimate parameters and conditions recommended by VNIITIP (2003). Feeding and drinking plenty. Chickens of the first (control group) receive compound feed “Start” of the company “Vita Line” LLC, Dinskoy district of Krasnodar Territory, chickens of the second (experimental group) are fed the same diet, but with the addition of a feed additive containing taurine.

The composition of the diet is given in table 1.

Table 1 The composition of the rations Type of feed Group Control Experienced with Taurine Feed Supplement Corn% 35 34.83 Wheat% 45 44.77 Soybean extruded,% 8 7.96 Soybean cake,% 5 4.97 Fish flour, % 3,5 3.48 Monocalcium phosphate,% 1,5 1.49 a piece of chalk one one Vitamin Premix 0.5 0.5 Mineral premix 0.5 0.5 Taurine supplement,% - 0.50 Contains: Metabolic energy, kcal / 100 g 300 299 Crude protein, g 21.5 21.5 Crude fiber, g 3.8 3.8 Crude Fat, g 6.7 6.7 Lysine 1.46 1.45 Methionine 0.68 0.68 Methionine + cystine 1.16 1.15 Tryptophan 0.28 0.28 Threonine 0.81 0.81 Calcium 99 98.51 Phosphorus common 0.75 0.75 Phosphorus available 0.5 0.5 Sodium 0.2 0.2

The experimental results are shown in table 2.

table 2 The performance indicators of the method Indicators Group In% of control Control Experienced with Taurine Feed Supplement Growth, g / goal / day 35.5 37.3 105.1 Feed intake, g / head / day 59.9 59.5 99.3 The cost of feed per 1 kg of growth, kg 1,69 1,59 94.1 Water Consumption, ml / goal / day 105 113.2 107.8 The water content in the pectoral muscles,% 76,2 75,5 99.1

The use of the proposed additives in factory diets provides an increase in growth of 5.1% with a decrease in feed intake of 0.7%, which reduces feed costs per 1 kg of growth by 5.9%.

To study the effect of prolonged use of a taurine-containing feed supplement, a second example is given.

Example 2 is carried out on chickens from 10 to 40 days of age (the first and second periods of growing), 100 goals in groups. The formation of groups and experimental conditions are given in 1 example.

The composition of the control and experimental rations are given in table 3.

Tables 3 Composition of feed by weight% for broiler chickens Type of feed Group Control Experienced with Taurine Feed Supplement one 2 3 Corn% 4.7 4.68 Wheat% 78.53 78,10 Vegetable oil, % 3.01 3.00 Tricalcium phosphate,% 3.29 3.27 A mixture of trace elements,% 0.09 0.09 Mixtures of vitamins,% 0,03 0,03 Antioxidant% 0.01 0.01 Flavomycin,% 0.01 0.01 Ronozyme,% 0.02 0.02 NaCl,% 0.28 0.28 A mixture of amino acids,% 10.03 10.03 Taurine supplement,% - 0.50 Contains: Exchange energy, MJ 2900.25 2873.12 Crude protein, g 105.04 105.78 Crude Fat, g 51.94 51.86 Crude fiber, g 21.89 21.78 Calcium 12.35 12.35 Phosphorus 7.53 7.53 Lysine 2.89 2.89 Methionine + cystine 3.89 3.89 Threonine 2.76 2.75 Tryptophan 1,08 1,08 Arginine 4,59 4,59 Glycine + Serine 8.18 8.18 Histidine 2.17 2.17 Isoleucine 3,51 3,50 Leucine 6.35 6.34 Phenylalanine + tyrosine 6.93 6.93 Valine 4.25 4.25 Glutamine 3.25 3.25 Proline 1,08 1,08 Aspartic acid 0.58 0.58 Alanya 0.30 0.30

A mixture of additionally introduced crystalline amino acids is shown in table 4.

Table 4 A mixture of amino acids,% Amino acids amount one 2 Lysine 7.98 Methionine + cystine 4.19 Threonine 4.68 Tryptophan 1.00 Arginine 6.38 Glycine + Serine 1.19 Histidine 2.09 Isoleucine 4.19 Leucine 7.88 Phenylalanine + tyrosine 6.38 Valine 4.39 Glutamine 9.37 Glutamine 40.28 Total one hundred

The results of the experiment are presented in table 5.

Table 5 The performance indicators of the method Indicators Group % To control Control Experienced with Taurine Feed Supplement Growth, g / goal / day 65 66 101.5 Feed intake, g / head / day 123.8 103.1 83.3 The cost of feed per 1 kg of growth, kg 1.98 1.66 83.9 Water Consumption, ml / goal / day 114.1 199.8 175.1

The introduction of a feed additive in the diet reduces feed consumption by 16.7% with the same average daily gain, which allows to obtain a reduction in feed costs per 1 kg of growth by 16.1%.

Usage: feeding chickens in poultry farms, agricultural enterprises, including farmers and personal subsidiary plots.

Preparation: in feed mills, lump workshops of farms and manually.

Claims (1)

A method of growing chickens, including the introduction of ascorbic acid into the feed, characterized in that the chickens from 5 to 40 days of age are the first and second growing periods, for 1 kg of feed, a feed additive is introduced in the form of a dry powder, in an amount of 2.5-5.0 g, while the feed additive contains, wt.%:
vitamin C 5-15 amino acid taurine rest